MyMedR

Systematic Literature Review of Climate Change Governance Activities of Environmental Nongovernmental Organizations in Southeast Asia

Haris SM, Mustafa FB, Raja Ariffin RN

Environ Manage, 2020 11;66(5):816-825.

PMID: 32893336 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-020-01355-9

Environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs) are considered key players for engendering good climate change governance to address both climate change and sustainable development. The participation of ENGOs in climate change governance occurs in a four-phase policy cycle. They include (1) identification of policy options, (2) policy formulation, (3) policy implementation, and (4) policy monitoring and evaluation. The ENGOs, however, have been criticized for their lack of effectiveness, and their roles in tackling climate change remain unclear. To date, the study on the roles and activities of Southeast Asian ENGOs in climate change governance has been under-researched. This study, therefore, applies a systematic literature review of 19 published articles from Scopus and Web of Science-indexed journal to understand the current state of the Southeast Asian ENGOs participation in climate change governance based on the four-phase policy cycle. The findings show that the ENGOs in Southeast Asia are involved directly and indirectly in climate change governance. They are significant actors in the implementation of the climate change policy, but they play a minimal role in the formulation of said policy. It implies that they could also be a vital partner to the government in the climate change governance process as they can bring effective policy improvements. Lastly, this review will recommend future avenues of research for scholars.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Transcultural adaptation of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in Asia

Naeem F, Latif M, Mukhtar F, Kim YR, Li W, Butt MG, et al.

Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2021 Mar;13(1):e12442.

PMID: 33103344 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12442

BACKGROUND: Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is an evidence based therapy and is now recommended by national organizations in many high income countries. CBT is underpinned by the European values and therefore for it to be effective in other cultures it needs to be adapted.

AIMS: This paper describes an evidence based approach to culturally adapt CBT in Asian context, areas of focus for such adaptation and lessons learned.

METHODS: An environmental scan of the literature, description of local CBT associations and perspectives from these organizations.

RESULTS: Cultural adaptation of CBT focuses on three main areas; 1 awareness of culture and related issues, 2 assessment and 3 adjustment in therapy techniques.

CONCLUSIONS: The last decade has seen an increase in culturally adapted CBT in Asia, however, more work needs to be done to improve access to CBT in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Short- and long-term carbon emissions from oil palm plantations converted from logged tropical peat swamp forest

McCalmont J, Kho LK, Teh YA, Lewis K, Chocholek M, Rumpang E, et al.

Glob Chang Biol, 2021 Jun;27(11):2361-2376.

PMID: 33528067 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15544

Need for regional economic development and global demand for agro-industrial commodities have resulted in large-scale conversion of forested landscapes to industrial agriculture across South East Asia. However, net emissions of CO2 from tropical peatland conversions may be significant and remain poorly quantified, resulting in controversy around the magnitude of carbon release following conversion. Here we present long-term, whole ecosystem monitoring of carbon exchange from two oil palm plantations on converted tropical peat swamp forest. Our sites compare a newly converted oil palm plantation (OPnew) to a mature oil palm plantation (OPmature) and combine them in the context of existing emission factors. Mean annual net emission (NEE) of CO2 measured at OPnew during the conversion period (137.8 Mg CO2 ha-1 year-1 ) was an order of magnitude lower during the measurement period at OPmature (17.5 Mg CO2 ha-1 year-1 ). However, mean water table depth (WTD) was shallower (0.26 m) than a typical drainage target of 0.6 m suggesting our emissions may be a conservative estimate for mature plantations, mean WTD at OPnew was more typical at 0.54 m. Reductions in net emissions were primarily driven by increasing biomass accumulation into highly productive palms. Further analysis suggested annual peat carbon losses of 24.9 Mg CO2 -C ha-1 year-1 over the first 6 years, lower than previous estimates for this early period from subsidence studies, losses reduced to 12.8 Mg CO2 -C ha-1 year-1 in the later, mature phase. Despite reductions in NEE and carbon loss over time, the system remained a large net source of carbon to the atmosphere after 12 years with the remaining 8 years of a typical plantation's rotation unlikely to recoup losses. These results emphasize the need for effective protection of tropical peatlands globally and strengthening of legislative enforcement where moratoria on peatland conversion already exist.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Genetic Identification of all Four Mangrove Mud Crab Species (genus Scylla) Using Multiple Molecular Markers

Mandal A, Mani AK, Lamech R, Anandajothi E, Venkatachalam SA, Dinakaran GK, et al.

Biochem Genet, 2021 Aug;59(4):856-869.

PMID: 33544298 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10032-3

Misleading identification and subsequent publications on biological, molecular, and aquaculture data of mangrove mud crab (genus Scylla de Hann 1833) is a major concern in many countries. In this study, multiple molecular markers were used for genetic identification of all four known mud crab species under genus Scylla collected from India, Philippines, Myanmar, Malaysia and Indonesia. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS-1), Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PCR-based species-specific markers were used to resolve taxonomic ambiguity. PCR-RFLP techniques using NlaIV and BsaJI restriction endonucleases were efficient to differentiate four different mud crab species under genus Scylla with specific fragment profile. The results also justified the use of ITS-1 and PCR-based species-specific markers to identify mud crab species available in many countries quite rapidly and effectively. Several new molecular markers generated during the study are reported here to resolve the taxonomic ambiguity of Scylla species and the results reconfirmed that India is only having two commonly available mud crab species which was reported by the authors earlier.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Fulltext Development and Validation of an Open Access SNP Array for Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Peñaloza C, Robledo D, Barría A, Trịnh TQ, Mahmuddin M, Wiener P, et al.

G3 (Bethesda), 2020 08 05;10(8):2777-2785.

PMID: 32532799 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401343

Tilapia are among the most important farmed fish species worldwide, and are fundamental for the food security of many developing countries. Several genetically improved Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) strains exist, such as the iconic Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT), and breeding programs typically follow classical pedigree-based selection. The use of genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data can enable an understanding of the genetic architecture of economically important traits and the acceleration of genetic gain via genomic selection. Due to the global importance and diversity of Nile tilapia, an open access SNP array would be beneficial for aquaculture research and production. In the current study, a ∼65K SNP array was designed based on SNPs discovered from whole-genome sequence data from a GIFT breeding nucleus population and the overlap with SNP datasets from wild fish populations and several other farmed Nile tilapia strains. The SNP array was applied to clearly distinguish between different tilapia populations across Asia and Africa, with at least ∼30,000 SNPs segregating in each of the diverse population samples tested. It is anticipated that this SNP array will be an enabling tool for population genetics and tilapia breeding research, facilitating consistency and comparison of results across studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Use of vaginal mesh; an Asian perspective footnote from the pan-Asia meeting

Lo TS, Tan YL

Int Urogynecol J, 2020 04;31(4):675-677.

PMID: 31932916 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-019-04219-x

Matched MeSH terms: Asia; Asian Continental Ancestry Group

UNCERTAINTY EVALUATION IN MEASUREMENT OF THE PERSONAL DOSE EQUIVALENT AT NINE INDIVIDUAL MONITORING SERVICES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC REGION

Rizk C, Askounis P, Okyar HB, Sangau JK, Baradaran S, Al Fares E, et al.

Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2020 Aug 28;190(2):217-225.

PMID: 32696972 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncaa093

This paper presents the results of the evaluation of the uncertainty in measurement of the personal dose equivalent, Hp(10), at nine individual monitoring services (IMSs) in Asia and the Pacific region. Different types of passive dosemeters were type-tested according to the International Electrotechnical Commission 62387 requirements. The uncertainty in measurement was calculated using the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement approach. Expanded uncertainties ranged between 24 and 86% (average = 38%) for Hp(10) values around 1 mSv and between 14 and 40% (average = 27%) for doses around the annual dose limit, Hp(10) = 20 mSv. The expanded uncertainties were lower than the 1.5 factor in either direction proposed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection for doses near the relevant dose limits. This indicates an acceptable level of uncertainty for all participating IMSs. Uncertainty evaluation will help the IMSs to acknowledge the accuracy of their measurements.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Patterns of food production and consumption in the ASEAN region

Khor GL, Tee ES, Kandiah M

World Rev Nutr Diet, 1990;61:1-40.

PMID: 2408252

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Fulltext Molecular Sexing of Southeast Asian Barn Owl, Tyto alba javanica, using Blood and Feather

Shakinah Ravindran, Wai Kan Woo, Safwan Saufi, Wan Nur Amni, Intan Ishak, Ghows Azzam, et al.

Trop Life Sci Res, 2019;30(2):1-12.

MyJurnal

Penentuan jantina burung adalah penting untuk tujuan kajian ekologi dan biologi evolusi, serta program pembiakan dan konservasi terutamanya bagi burung yang mempunyai ciri monomorfik. Bagi burung pungguk jelapang Tyto alba, pengesahan jantina adalah penting untuk konservasi serta program pengenalan bagi kawalan tikus perosak. Penentuan jantina secara molekular untuk subspesies Asia Tenggara, Tyto alba javanica, telah dijalankan menggunakan Reaksi Rantai Polimerase (PCR) diikuti 3% gel agaros elektroforesis. Primer P2/P8 and 2550F/2718R untuk amplifikasi gen CHD (Chromo Helicase DNA-binding gene) diuji dan kedua-dua set primer memberi keputusan yang berjaya. Set primer 2550F/2718R memberi hasil yang lebih baik kerana jurang di antara jalur berganda lebih terang. DNA yang diekstrak dari darah, darah yang dicairkan, serta DNA yang diekstrak dari bulu burung digunakan untuk menentukan jantina burung. DNA yang diekstrak dari bulu memberi keputusan yang kurang memuaskan akibat pencemaran serta kuantiti DNA yang rendah. Penentuan jantina menggunakan darah yang dicairkan merupakan kaedah yang menjimatkan kos serta masa. Penjujukan gen CHD dari Tyto alba javanica menunjukkan 98% hingga 99% kesamaan identiti bila dibandingkan gen CHD Tyto alba alba.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Midurethral sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence: an Asian perspective footnote from the Pan-Asia meeting

Lo TS, Tan YL

Int Urogynecol J, 2021 03;32(3):473-476.

PMID: 32676691 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-020-04416-z

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Fulltext A review of the sarawakensis species group of the ground beetle genus Orthogonius MacLeay, 1825 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Orthogoniini)

Tian M, Deuve T

Zookeys, 2016.

PMID: 27408560 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.594.8768

The sarawakensis species group of the termitophilous carabid genus Orthogonius MacLeay, 1825 is defined and reviewed. Members of this species group are distributed in Southeast Asia and represented by four species, including two new species: Orthogonius sabahicus sp. n. (Sabah, northern Borneo, Malaysia) and Orthogonius morvanianus sp. n. (southern Thailand). A key to all species of the species group is also provided.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Fulltext Quality of care in inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: the results of a multinational web-based survey in the 2(nd) Asian Organization of Crohn's and Colitis (AOCC) meeting in Seoul

Song HK, Lee KM, Jung SA, Hong SN, Han DS, Yang SK, et al.

Intest Res, 2016 Jul;14(3):240-7.

PMID: 27433146 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2016.14.3.240

The quality of care in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been systematically estimated. The aim of this study was to investigate the current status of quality of IBD care in Asian countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Fulltext Does competition improve financial stability of the banking sector in ASEAN countries? An empirical analysis

Noman AHM, Gee CS, Isa CR

PLoS One, 2017;12(5):e0176546.

PMID: 28486548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176546

This study examines the influence of competition on the financial stability of the commercial banks of Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN) over the 1990 to 2014 period. Panzar-Rosse H-statistic, Lerner index and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) are used as measures of competition, while Z-score, non-performing loan (NPL) ratio and equity ratio are used as measures of financial stability. Two-step system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimates demonstrate that competition measured by H-statistic is positively related to Z-score and equity ratio, and negatively related to non-performing loan ratio. Conversely, market power measured by Lerner index is negatively related to Z-score and equity ratio and positively related to NPL ratio. These results strongly support the competition-stability view for ASEAN banks. We also capture the non-linear relationship between competition and financial stability by incorporating a quadratic term of competition in our models. The results show that the coefficient of the quadratic term of H-statistic is negative for the Z-score model given a positive coefficient of the linear term in the same model. These results support the non-linear relationship between competition and financial stability of the banking sector. The study contains significant policy implications for improving the financial stability of the commercial banks.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Time for responsible peatland agriculture

Wijedasa LS, Page SE, Evans CD, Osaki M

Science, 2016 11 04;354(6312):562.

PMID: 27811262

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Malaria in South-east Asia

Sandosham AA

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Mar;31(3):176-9.

PMID: 904507

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Fulltext Science and technology for disaster prevention and climate resilience in Asia

Pereira, J.J., Hunt, J.C.R., Chan, J.C.L.

ASM Science Journal, 2014;8(1):1-10.

MyJurnal

The role of science and technology (S&T) in preventing disasters and building resilience to climate change is featured in this paper, drawing primarily on the presentations and discussion of researchers, practitioners and policy makers from 31 institutions in 17 countries during the Workshop on Natural Disasters and Climate Change in Asia, held on 5–7 November 2012 in Bangi, Malaysia. Issues highlighted include advances in climate modelling and weather forecasts, with emphasis on information gaps; hazards and its cascading effects, focusing on current research and approaches; and the potential for land-based mitigation-adaptation strategies. Progress in mobilizing S&T to support disaster prevention and climate resilience is hindered by factors such as absence or lack of research, incomplete and non-existent scientific records, restricted access to data and capacity to innovate and transmit S&T, among others. The establishment of an Asian Network for Climate Science and Technology is proposed to provide and facilitate exchange of information and aid development of research co-ordination projects led by Asian researchers and possibly to act as a one-stop repository of global climate change related research too. The scope of the network would cover climate research with particular relevance to disaster resilience, including scientific capacity, which is all very distinct in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Fulltext The menace of vector-borne diseases

Retneswari, M.

JUMMEC, 2008;11(2):37-38.

MyJurnal

The crux of the current health problem is the alarming increase of dengue cases in the country. Dengue fever is endemic in Southeast Asia with Malaysia seeing dengue cases surge since 2003. The Health Minister of Malaysia has reported that the acute increase in dengue cases is worrying and could hit the country's productivity, tourism industry and economy.(Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

Medical care in two areas of southeast Asia; Malaya and Singapore

FALK IS

Am J Public Health Nations Health, 1958 Apr;48(4):448-53.

PMID: 13521084

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Southeastern

A simple pharmacopoeia for out-station skin cases

Pettit JH

Med J Malaysia, 1963 Dec;18:87-90.

PMID: 14117286

Matched MeSH terms: Asia, Western

Dietary Guidelines for the Asia Pacific Region

Binns CW, Lee MK, Kagawa M, Low WY, Liqian Q, Guldan GS, et al.

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2017 Mar;29(2):98-101.

PMID: 28325079 DOI: 10.1177/1010539517694295

Nutrition is a major determinant of health throughout all stages of life and together with smoking is the most important risk factor for morbidity and mortality in the Asia Pacific Region. The workshop participants examined Dietary Guidelines and Food Guides that are in use in our region, together with additional materials from the World Health Organization, UNICEF and the World Cancer Research Foundation. The resulting set of guidelines is meant as a reminder of the main issues to be covered in a general public health education program. It may also be of value in reminding public health practitioners, educators, administrators, and policy makers of current nutrition issues. It may additionally be useful as a checklist of the issues to be considered in public health programs and regulations. The main areas of nutrition that are included in the Guidelines are eating a variety of foods, including vegetables, fruits, whole grain cereals, and nuts. Choose fish, poultry, and meats grown in a sustainable way. Appropriate growth, including avoiding obesity, and physical activity are important. Breastfeeding is the basis of infant nutrition and nutrition of mothers is an important public health measure. Negative factors in the Asian diet include salt, refined sugar, alcohol and fats. The APACPH Dietary Guidelines will need to be kept under review and modified to meet regional differences in food supply. The Guidelines will be useful as a checklist of the issues to be considered in public health programs, addressing both acute and chronic diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Asia

Displaying publications 201 - 220 of 2413 in total