Displaying publications 241 - 260 of 963 in total

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  1. Fulltext A Prospective Survey of Skin Manifestations in Children With Inborn Errors of Immunity From a National Registry Over 17 Years
    Al-Herz W, Zainal M, Nanda A
    Front Immunol, 2021;12:751469.
    PMID: 34659256 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.751469
    Background and Objectives: Reports on skin manifestations in inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are based on retrospective analysis, small series, or isolated case reports. The present prospective study aimed to determine the spectrum of skin manifestations in children with IEI and their relevance to specific molecular defects.

    Materials and Methods: The data were obtained from the Kuwait National Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders Registry during the period of 2004-2020.

    Results: A total of 313 pediatric cases of IEI, 71% diagnosed at molecular level, were registered with a cumulative follow-up period of 29,734 months. Skin manifestations were seen in 40.3% of the patients, and they were among the presenting manifestations in 33%. Patients with skin manifestations were older at both onset and diagnosis ages of IEI symptoms, but this was statistically significant for the latter only. The diagnosis delay was significantly longer in patients with skin manifestations. There was a statistically significant association between having skin manifestations and IEI category, being more common in patients with complement deficiencies, combined immunodeficiencies, and diseases of immune dysregulation. There was no statistically significant association between having skin manifestations and both gender and survival. Skin infections were the most frequent manifestations followed by eczema and autoimmune associations. Among IEI with more than 10 cases, skin lesions were a consistent finding in dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency, hyper IgE syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, and recombination activation gene (RAG)1 deficiency.

    Conclusions: Skin manifestations are common in IEI patients, and they had significant diagnosis delay and referral to specialists. Improvement of awareness about IEI is needed among pediatricians and dermatologists.

    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Diseases/epidemiology*
  2. Fulltext Epitrochlear lymphadenitis mimicking subcutaneous abscess
    Ong SCL, Tang PP
    BMJ Case Rep, 2018 Feb 14;2018.
    PMID: 29444798 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223669
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Diseases/diagnosis*
  3. Fulltext Omental transposition flap and split skin graft for locally advanced breast carcinoma
    Lee SH, Cheah DS, Krishnan MM
    Singapore Med J, 1990 Jun;31(3):217-20.
    PMID: 2392698
    Locally advanced or recurrent carcinoma of the breast poses difficult management problems. These fungating and discharging tumours severely impair the quality of life in these unfortunate patients. We report two cases successfully treated with omental transposition flaps and split skin grafts. The operation is described in detail and the results discussed. This technique was found to be safe, effective and rewarding.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Transplantation*
  4. Studies on the Malayan forest rat filaria, Breinlia booliati (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae): course of development in rat host
    Singh M, Yap EH, Ho BC, Kang KL, Lim PC
    J Helminthol, 1976 Jun;50(2):103-10.
    PMID: 965704
    The development of Breinlia booliati is described in its natural host, Rattus sabanus and in an inbred strain of laboratory albino rat. The growth of the parasite is similar in both the rat hosts. The third moult occurs between six-eight days and the final moult between 24-28 days. Larvae were recovered initially from the skin and carcass. After five weeks, developing stages were seen only in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, the site of development of the adult worms. Worms became sexually mature by 11-12 weeks and there was considerable growth in length of the female worms after this stage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/parasitology
  5. Fast dissolving microneedle patch for pronounced systemic delivery of an antihyperlipidemic drug
    Ahmad Z, Zafar N, Mahmood A, Sarfraz RM, Latif R, Gad HA
    Pharm Dev Technol, 2023 Nov;28(9):896-906.
    PMID: 37873604 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2272863
    Fast dissolving microneedles (F-dMN) are quite a novel approach delivering specific drug molecules directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the first-pass effect. The present study reported an F-dMN patch to enhance systemic delivery of simvastatin in a patient-friendly manner. The F-dMN patch was developed using polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol and characterized using light microscopy, SEM, XRD, FTIR, mechanical strength, drug content (%), an ex-vivo penetration study, an ex-vivo drug release study, a skin irritation test, and a pharmacokinetics study. The optimized F-dMN patch exhibited excellent elongation of 35.17%, good tensile strength of 9.68  MPa, an appropriate moisture content of 5.65%, and good penetrability up to 560 µm. Moreover, it showed 93.4% of the drug content within the needles and 81.75% in-vitro release. Histopathological findings and a skin irritation study proved that the F-dMN patch was biocompatible and did not cause any sort of irritation on animal skin. Pharmacokinetic parameters of F-dMN patches were improved (Cmax 6.974 µg/ml, tmax 1 hr and AUC 19. 518 µg.h/ml) as compared to tablet Simva 20 mg solution (Cmax 2.485 µg/ml, tmax 1.4 hr and AUC 11.199 µg.h/ml), thus confirming bioavailability enhancement. Moreover, stability studies confirmed the stability of the developed F-dMN patch, as investigated by axial needle fracture force and drug content.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin*
  6. Fulltext Psoralen Derivatives: Recent Advances of Synthetic Strategy and Pharmacological Properties
    Jamalis J, Yusof FSM, Chander S, Wahab RA, P Bhagwat D, Sankaranarayanan M, et al.
    Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem, 2020;19(3):222-239.
    PMID: 31241020 DOI: 10.2174/1871523018666190625170802
    Psoralen or furocoumarin is a linear three ring heterocyclic compound. Psoralens are planar, tricyclic compounds, consisting of a furan ring fused to a coumarin moiety. Psoralen has been known for a wide spectrum of biological activities, spanning from cytotoxic, photosensitizing, insecticidal, antibacterial to antifungal effect. Thus, several structural changes were introduced to explore the role of specific positions with respect to the biological activity. Convenient approaches utilized for the synthesis of psoralen skeleton can be categorized into two parts: (i) the preparation of the tricyclic ring system from resorcinol, (ii) the exocyclic modification of the intact ring system. Furthermore, although psoralens have been used in diverse ways, we mainly focus in this work on their clinical utility for the treatment of psioraisis, vitiligo and skin-related disorder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Diseases/drug therapy*
  7. Fulltext Phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-wrinkles and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of cocoa pod extract
    Karim AA, Azlan A, Ismail A, Hashim P, Abd Gani SS, Zainudin BH, et al.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2014 Oct 07;14:381.
    PMID: 25292439 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-381
    BACKGROUND: Cocoa pod is an outer part of cocoa fruits being discarded during cocoa bean processing. Authors found out that data on its usage in literature as cosmetic materials was not recorded in vast. In this study, cocoa pod extract was investigated for its potential as a cosmetic ingredient.

    METHODS: Cocoa pod extract (CPE) composition was accomplished using UHPLC. The antioxidant capacity were measured using scavenging assay of 1,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene bleaching assay (BCB) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Inhibiting effect on skin degradation enzymes was carried out using elastase and collagenase assays. The skin whitening effect of CPE was determined based on mushroom tyrosinase assay and sun screening effect (UV-absorbance at 200-400 nm wavelength).

    RESULTS: LC-MS/MS data showed the presence of carboxylic acid, phenolic acid, fatty acid, flavonoids (flavonol and flavones), stilbenoids and terpenoids in CPE. Results for antioxidant activity exhibited that CPE possessed good antioxidant activity, based on the mechanism of the assays compared with ascorbic acid (AA) and standardized pine bark extract (PBE); DPPH: AA > CPE > PBE; FRAP: PBE > CPE > AA; and BCB: BHT > CPE > PBE. Cocoa pod extract showed better action against elastase and collagenase enzymes in comparison with PBE and AA. Higher inhibition towards tyrosinase enzyme was exhibited by CPE than kojic acid and AA, although lower than PBE. CPE induced proliferation when tested on human fibroblast cell at low concentration. CPE also exhibited a potential as UVB sunscreen despite its low performance as a UVA sunscreen agent.

    CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the CPE has high potential as a cosmetic ingredient due to its anti-wrinkle, skin whitening, and sunscreen effects.

    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/cytology; Skin Aging/drug effects*; Skin Lightening Preparations/analysis; Skin Lightening Preparations/pharmacology; Skin Lightening Preparations/chemistry
  8. Bluish veil detection and lesion classification using custom deep learnable layers with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)
    Rasel MA, Abdul Kareem S, Kwan Z, Yong SS, Obaidellah U
    Comput Biol Med, 2024 Aug;178:108758.
    PMID: 38905895 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108758
    Melanoma, one of the deadliest types of skin cancer, accounts for thousands of fatalities globally. The bluish, blue-whitish, or blue-white veil (BWV) is a critical feature for diagnosing melanoma, yet research into detecting BWV in dermatological images is limited. This study utilizes a non-annotated skin lesion dataset, which is converted into an annotated dataset using a proposed imaging algorithm (color threshold techniques) on lesion patches based on color palettes. A Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) is designed and trained separately on three individual and combined dermoscopic datasets, using custom layers instead of standard activation function layers. The model is developed to categorize skin lesions based on the presence of BWV. The proposed DCNN demonstrates superior performance compared to the conventional BWV detection models across different datasets. The model achieves a testing accuracy of 85.71 % on the augmented PH2 dataset, 95.00 % on the augmented ISIC archive dataset, 95.05 % on the combined augmented (PH2+ISIC archive) dataset, and 90.00 % on the Derm7pt dataset. An explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) algorithm is subsequently applied to interpret the DCNN's decision-making process about the BWV detection. The proposed approach, coupled with XAI, significantly improves the detection of BWV in skin lesions, outperforming existing models and providing a robust tool for early melanoma diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/pathology
  9. Integrating color histogram analysis and convolutional neural networks for skin lesion classification
    Rasel MA, Kareem SA, Obaidellah U
    Comput Biol Med, 2024 Dec;183:109250.
    PMID: 39395346 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109250
    The color of skin lesions is a crucial diagnostic feature for identifying malignant melanoma and other skin diseases. Typical colors associated with melanocytic lesions include tan, brown, black, red, white, and blue-gray. This study introduces a novel feature: the number of colors present in lesions, which can indicate the severity of skin diseases and help distinguish melanomas from benign lesions. We propose a color histogram analysis, a traditional image processing technique, to analyze the pixels of skin lesions from three publicly available datasets: PH2, ISIC2016, and Med-Node, which include dermoscopic and non-dermoscopic images. While the PH2 dataset contains ground truth about skin lesion colors, the ISIC2016 and Med-Node datasets lack such annotations; our algorithm establishes this ground truth using the color histogram analysis based on the PH2 dataset. We then design and train a 19-layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with different skip connections of residual blocks to classify lesions into three categories based on the number of colors present. The DeepDream algorithm is utilized to visualize the learned features of different layers, and multiple configurations of the proposed CNN are tested, achieving the highest weighted F1-score of 75.00 % on the test set. LIME is subsequently applied to identify the most important features influencing the model's decision-making. The findings demonstrate that the number of colors in lesions is a significant feature for describing skin conditions. The proposed CNN, particularly with three skip connections, shows strong potential for clinical application in diagnosing melanoma, supporting its use alongside traditional diagnostic methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/pathology
  10. Fulltext Comparisons between Caucasian-validated and Chinese-validated photo-numeric scales for assessing facial wrinkles
    Ng JY, Zhou H, Li T, Chew FT
    Sci Rep, 2024 Nov 16;14(1):28293.
    PMID: 39550380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78945-8
    Skin ageing results in wrinkling. In this study, we discuss four types of facial wrinkles: Crow's Feet wrinkles, forehead wrinkles, glabellar frown wrinkles, and nasolabial folds. These four phenotypes can be assessed either with a photo-numeric scale developed and validated on Caucasian skin (i.e., Caucasian scale) or with a photo-numeric scale developed and validated on Chinese skin (i.e., Chinese scale). As Caucasian and Chinese skin have inherent differences, the main objective of this study is to determine whether these inherent differences affect the suitability of evaluating facial wrinkles on ethnic Chinese skin with a Caucasian scale. Three trained assessors studied four types of wrinkles on the faces of 1,081 ethnic Chinese young adults from the Singapore/Malaysia Cross-sectional Genetics Epidemiology Study (SMCGES). We found that Caucasian scales and Chinese scales are concordant (Spearman's Rank Correlation (ρ) values: 0.53-0.80) and the level of agreement between the Caucasian scales and Chinese scales is moderately high (Cohen's Kappa (κ) values: 0.40-0.49). When tested on ethnic Chinese skin, both the Caucasian scale and the Chinese scale are largely consistent in showing presence or absence of a given facial wrinkle (Area under curve (AUC) values: 0.79-0.90). All assessors are highly internally consistent (Weighted Kappa (κw) values: 0.686-0.992). Our results build confidence that four types of facial wrinkles on ethnic Chinese faces can be assessed with Caucasian scales. To the best of our knowledge, Chinese scales for facial wrinkles beyond the four types discussed here have yet to be developed. Caucasian scales for these other facial wrinkles will also need to be tested for their suitability to be used on ethnic Chinese skin as and when more Chinese scales are developed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Aging*
  11. Transethosome: An ultra-deformable ethanolic vesicle for enhanced transdermal drug delivery
    Raj A, Dua K, Nair RS, Sarath Chandran C, Alex AT
    Chem Phys Lipids, 2023 Sep;255:105315.
    PMID: 37356610 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105315
    Drug delivery through the skin improves solubility, bioavailability, and unwanted systemic side effects of the drug. The selection of a suitable carrier is a challenging process. The conventional lipid vesicles have some limitations. They deliver the drug in the stratum corneum and have poor colloidal stability. Here comes the need for ultra-deformable lipid vesicles to provide the drug beyond the stratum corneum. Transethosomes are novel ultra-deformable vesicles that can deliver drugs into deeper tissues. The composition of transethosomes includes phospholipid, ethanol and surfactants. Each ingredient has a pivotal role in the properties of the carrier. This review covers the design, preparation method, characterisation, and characteristics of the novel vesicle. Also, we cover the impact of surfactants on vesicular properties and the skin permeation behaviour of novel vesicles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Absorption*
  12. Fulltext Microneedles for intradermal and transdermal drug delivery
    Tuan-Mahmood TM, McCrudden MT, Torrisi BM, McAlister E, Garland MJ, Singh TR, et al.
    Eur J Pharm Sci, 2013 Dec 18;50(5):623-37.
    PMID: 23680534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.05.005
    The formidable barrier properties of the uppermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, impose significant limitations for successful systemic delivery of broad range of therapeutic molecules particularly macromolecules and genetic material. Microneedle (MN) has been proposed as a strategy to breach the stratum corneum barrier function in order to facilitate effective transport of molecules across the skin. This strategy involves use of micron sized needles fabricated of different materials and geometries to create transient aqueous conduits across the skin. MN, alone or with other enhancing strategies, has been demonstrated to dramatically enhance the skin permeability of numerous therapeutic molecules including biopharmaceuticals either in vitro, ex vivo or in vivo experiments. This suggested the promising use of MN technology for various possible clinical applications such as insulin delivery, transcutaneous immunisations and cutaneous gene delivery. MN has been proved as minimally invasive and painless in human subjects. This review article focuses on recent and future developments for MN technology including the latest type of MN design, challenges and strategies in MNs development as well as potential safety aspects based on comprehensive literature review pertaining to MN studies to date.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/microbiology
  13. Fulltext Aloe vera and the Proliferative Phase of Cutaneous Wound Healing: Status Quo Report on Active Principles, Mechanisms, and Applications
    Lee ZM, Goh BH, Khaw KY
    Planta Med, 2025 Jan;91(1-02):4-18.
    PMID: 39566518 DOI: 10.1055/a-2446-2146
    Aloe vera is commonly used as traditional medicine for cutaneous wound healing. Nonetheless, the wound healing mechanisms of Aloe vera remain unclear. This review aims to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of Aloe vera in promoting cutaneous wound healing, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms that stimulate cell proliferation and migration. Aloe vera has been shown to upregulate growth factors such as keratinocyte growth factor-1 (KGF-1), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), cyclin D1, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF), and microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4 (MFAP4), as well as collagen, fibrillin, elastin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), integrins, and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1, also known as CD31), while downregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In addition, Aloe vera was also found to upregulate PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, as well as the TGF-β signalling pathway via Smad proteins. Furthermore, molecular docking studies revealed that certain chemical constituents of Aloe vera bind to some of the forementioned growth factors or signalling molecules. With regards to current applications, although human clinical trials have reported positive results from using Aloe vera in healing open wounds and burns and alleviating some inflammatory skin diseases, the current commercial uses of Aloe vera remain largely focused on cosmetic products. Thus, greater advances are required to promote the use of Aloe vera products in clinical settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/drug effects
  14. Fulltext Experimental design and optimization of raloxifene hydrochloride loaded nanotransfersomes for transdermal application
    Mahmood S, Taher M, Mandal UK
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2014;9:4331-46.
    PMID: 25246789 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S65408
    Raloxifene hydrochloride, a highly effective drug for the treatment of invasive breast cancer and osteoporosis in post-menopausal women, shows poor oral bioavailability of 2%. The aim of this study was to develop, statistically optimize, and characterize raloxifene hydrochloride-loaded transfersomes for transdermal delivery, in order to overcome the poor bioavailability issue with the drug. A response surface methodology experimental design was applied for the optimization of transfersomes, using Box-Behnken experimental design. Phospholipon(®) 90G, sodium deoxycholate, and sonication time, each at three levels, were selected as independent variables, while entrapment efficiency, vesicle size, and transdermal flux were identified as dependent variables. The formulation was characterized by surface morphology and shape, particle size, and zeta potential. Ex vivo transdermal flux was determined using a Hanson diffusion cell assembly, with rat skin as a barrier medium. Transfersomes from the optimized formulation were found to have spherical, unilamellar structures, with a homogeneous distribution and low polydispersity index (0.08). They had a particle size of 134±9 nM, with an entrapment efficiency of 91.00%±4.90%, and transdermal flux of 6.5±1.1 μg/cm(2)/hour. Raloxifene hydrochloride-loaded transfersomes proved significantly superior in terms of amount of drug permeated and deposited in the skin, with enhancement ratios of 6.25±1.50 and 9.25±2.40, respectively, when compared with drug-loaded conventional liposomes, and an ethanolic phosphate buffer saline. Differential scanning calorimetry study revealed a greater change in skin structure, compared with a control sample, during the ex vivo drug diffusion study. Further, confocal laser scanning microscopy proved an enhanced permeation of coumarin-6-loaded transfersomes, to a depth of approximately160 μM, as compared with rigid liposomes. These ex vivo findings proved that a raloxifene hydrochloride-loaded transfersome formulation could be a superior alternative to oral delivery of the drug.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/chemistry; Skin Absorption/drug effects*
  15. Methylation of the filaggrin gene promoter does not affect gene expression and allergy
    Tan HT, Ellis JA, Koplin JJ, Martino D, Dang TD, Suaini N, et al.
    Pediatr Allergy Immunol, 2014 Oct;25(6):608-10.
    PMID: 24912553 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12245
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/pathology; Skin Physiological Phenomena*
  16. Fulltext Malignant melanoma of the foot in patients with diabetes mellitus--a trap for the unwary
    Hussin P, Loke SC, Noor FM, Mawardi M, Singh VA
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Aug;67(4):422-3.
    PMID: 23082455
    Melanomas on the foot are difficult to differentiate from diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). In particular, acral lentiginous and amelanotic melanomas have a high chance of being misdiagnosed. We present two patients with diabetes mellitus and malignant melanomas of the foot initially diagnosed as DFU. Both cases were treated with wide excision amputation and local dissection, without adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Both patients remain disease-free up to the last follow-up visit. It is important to maintain a high index of suspicion and a skin biopsy should be done in any DFU with atypical features.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms/complications; Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Skin Neoplasms/surgery
  17. Effect of limonene on permeation enhancement of ketoprofen in palm oil esters nanoemulsion
    Sakeena MH, Elrashid SM, Muthanna FA, Ghassan ZA, Kanakal MM, Laila L, et al.
    J Oleo Sci, 2010;59(7):395-400.
    PMID: 20513974
    This study sets out to investigate the in vitro permeation of ketoprofen from the formulated nanoemulsions through excised rat skin. In vitro permeation of ketoprofen nanoemulsion through rat skin was evaluated in Franz diffusion cells and compared with marketed product (Fastum gel). Limonene which has been reported to be a good enhancer for ketoprofen was selected. Moreover the effects of limonene which was added to the nanoemulsion formulations at levels of 1%, 2%, 3% and on rat skin permeation of ketoprofen were also evaluated. The selected optimized formulation was further studied for skin irritation. Utilization of limonene as a penetration enhancer increased the permeation of ketoprofen from the formulated nanoemulsion with increasing concentrations of limonene. The results obtained showed that nanoemulsion with 3% limonene produced similar and comparable skin permeation of ketoprofen with marketed formulation and the skin irritation study on rats showed the optimized formulation prepared was safe.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/metabolism*; Skin Absorption/drug effects
  18. Apoptosis changes and SA-beta galactosidase expression in stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) model of human skin fibroblasts
    Abdul Rahim N, Makpol S, Chua KH, Yusof YA, Top GM, Ngah WZ
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:71-2.
    PMID: 19024989
    Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) model is in vitro model of cellular aging. In this study, apoptosis was evaluated in SIPS model and in replicative senescent fibroblasts. We also compared the activity of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta gal) as a biomarker of cellular aging. Our results suggested that SIPS model and senescent fibroblasts might share similar mechanism of aging and apoptosis pathway.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin/drug effects*; Skin Physiological Phenomena/drug effects*; Foreskin/physiology
  19. Fulltext Subcutaneous panniculitic T-cell lymphoma-review of five cases
    Ng TG, Ayadurai K, Gangaram HB, Hussein SH
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):586-91.
    PMID: 17623960 MyJurnal
    Subcutaneous panniculitic T-cell lymphoma (SPTL) is a rare variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma where lymphoma cells infiltrate preferentially into subcutaneous tissue. Five cases of SPTL were seen during the period from 2001-2004 at the Department of Dermatology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. All five presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules on the face, trunk and limbs of one week to six months duration with associated fever and loss of weight. Physical examination showed multiple tender, erythematous indurated plaques and subcutaneous nodules on their face, trunk and limbs. One patient also presented with unhealing ulcerated nodules. Two patients had hepatosplenomegaly and one hepatomegaly. Two patients had pancytopaenia while the other three had leucopaenia. One patient had deranged liver function. Out of the five patients, three had bone marrow examination with haemophaegocytosis in two and one hypocellular marrow. Skin biopsy of all patients showed infiltration with atypical lymphoid cells in the upper dermis and subcutaneous fat. These neoplastic cells showed positivity for CD3 and CD30 in three patients with CD8, TIA-1 and LCA (Leucocyte common antigen) being positive in one patient. One patient treated with prednisolone and subcutaneous Roferon 3Mu three times a week since 2001 was in remission. Two patients who were planned for chemotherapy had deteriorated rapidly and succumbed to septicaemia from pancytopaenia. Subcutaneous panniculitic T-cell lymphoma has been reported to show two distinct clinical presentations. The first is characterized by an indolent course with good prognosis and the second with rapid clinical deterioration, haemophaegocytosis and death. Both presentations were seen in our five patients seem to demonstrate these two subtypes of SPTL.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy; Skin Neoplasms/physiopathology
  20. Fulltext Cutaneous malignant melanoma: clinical and histopathological review of cases in a Malaysian tertiary referral centre
    Pailoor J, Mun KS, Leow M
    Malays J Pathol, 2012 Dec;34(2):97-101.
    PMID: 23424771 MyJurnal
    Melanoma is a lethal skin cancer that occurs predominantly among Caucasians. In Malaysia, the incidence of melanoma is low. This is a retrospective study of clinical and histopathological features of patients with cutaneous melanoma who were seen at the University Malaya Medical Centre from 1998 to 2008. Thirty-two patients with cutaneous melanoma were recorded during that period. Of these, 24 had sought treatment at the onset of disease at our centre. Chinese patients constituted the largest group (19 cases). The median age of these 24 patients at the time of presentation was 62 years. 16 patients had melanoma involving the lower limb with 12 affecting the sole of the foot. None had melanoma arising from the face. Histopathology showed nodular melanoma in 22 cases (91.6%), with superficial spreading and acral lentiginous melanoma diagnosed in 1 case each. The majority of patients (62.5%) were found to be in Stage III of the disease at the time of diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms/mortality; Skin Neoplasms/pathology*; Skin Neoplasms/therapy
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