Displaying publications 3281 - 3300 of 4701 in total

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  1. Bioelectricity generation in microbial fuel cell using natural microflora and isolated pure culture bacteria from anaerobic palm oil mill effluent sludge
    Nor MH, Mubarak MF, Elmi HSh, Ibrahim N, Wahab MF, Ibrahim Z
    Bioresour Technol, 2015 Aug;190:458-65.
    PMID: 25799955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.103
    A double-chambered membrane microbial fuel cell (MFC) was constructed to investigate the potential use of natural microflora anaerobic palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge and pure culture bacteria isolated from anaerobic POME sludge as inoculum for electricity generation. Sterilized final discharge POME was used as the substrate with no addition of nutrients. MFC operation using natural microflora anaerobic POME sludge showed a maximum power density and current density of 85.11mW/m(2) and 91.12mA/m(2) respectively. Bacterial identification using 16S rRNA analysis of the pure culture isolated from the biofilm on the anode MFC was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ZH1. The electricity generated in MFC using P. aeruginosa strain ZH1 showed maximum power density and current density of 451.26mW/m(2) and 654.90mA/m(2) respectively which were five times higher in power density and seven times higher in current density compared to that of MFC using anaerobic POME sludge.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification*
  2. Fulltext Scientific basis for use of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. fruit in gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular ailments
    Janbaz KH, Zaeem Ahsan M, Saqib F, Imran I, Zia-Ul-Haq M, Abid Rashid M, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(3):e0118605.
    PMID: 25786248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118605
    Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. has been used conventionally by many communities in the Himalayan region for the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and vascular complications. Set against this background, this study was carried out to justify the scientific basis to validate folkloric uses of fruits of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. (Pp.Cr) in traditional systems of medicine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
  3. Fulltext First report of cervicofacial lymphadenitis due to Mycobacterium haemophilum in an immunocompromised adult patient
    Atiya N, Sulaiman H, Chong J, Ng KP
    J Infect Dev Ctries, 2015 Mar;9(3):313-6.
    PMID: 25771471 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.5208
    We report the first case of an immunocompromised adult patient presenting with cervicofacial lymphadenitis due to Mycobacterium haemophilum, confirmed using hsp65 gene sequencing and line-probe assays. In resource-limited settings, especially in developing countries, appropriate culture methods and rapid molecular diagnostic tools such as hsp65 gene sequencing for identification of this organism may not be readily available. This may cause M. haemophilum infections to go unrecognised or lead to delays in diagnosis. Lack of heightened awareness about the potential for this mycobacterial species to cause infections may also contribute to possible underestimation of M. haemophilum cases in the developing world.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mycobacterium haemophilum/isolation & purification*
  4. Specificity and sensitivity of a rapid dipstick test (Brugia Rapid) in the detection of Brugia malayi infection
    Rahmah N, Taniawati S, Shenoy RK, Lim BH, Kumaraswami V, Anuar AK, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2002 1 31;95(6):601-4.
    PMID: 11816429
    A total of 753 serum samples from 6 institutions in 3 countries (Malaysia, Indonesia and India) were used to evaluate an immunochromatographic rapid dipstick test, Brugia Rapid, for diagnosis of Brugia malayi infection. The samples comprised sera from 207 microfilaria-positive individuals and 546 individuals from filaria non-endemic areas. The latter consisted of 70 individuals with soil-transmitted helminth infections, 68 with other helminth infections, 238 with protozoan infections, 12 with bacterial and viral infections and 158 healthy individuals. The dipstick is prepared with a goat anti-mouse antibody control line and a B. malayi recombinant-antigen test line. First, the dipstick is dipped into a well containing diluted patient serum, thus allowing specific anti-filarial antibody in the serum to react with the recombinant antigen. Then the dipstick is placed into an adjacent well containing reconstituted anti-human IgG4-gold. After 10 min, development of 2 red-purplish lines denotes a positive result and one line indicates a negative reaction. The overall results of the evaluation showed 97% sensitivity, 99% specificity, 97% positive predictive value and 99% negative predictive value. Brugia Rapid is thus a promising diagnostic tool for detection of B. malayi infection, and would be especially useful for the brugian filariasis elimination programme.
    Matched MeSH terms: Brugia malayi/isolation & purification*
  5. The pattern of lymphoma in east Malaysian patients as experienced in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur
    Chai SP, Peh SC, Kim LH, Lim MY, Gudum HR
    Malays J Pathol, 1999 Jun;21(1):45-50.
    PMID: 10879278
    Lymphoma is a highly heterogeneous group of malignant disease. This study aimed to elucidate the pattern of lymphoma in the East Malaysian patient population. 107 cases of confirmed lymphomas from East Malaysian biopsy material were retrieved from the files of the Department of Pathology, University of Malaya, in the 3-year period between 1981 to 1983. With the use of a panel of lymphoid antibodies, the disease was sub-classified using the Rye classification for Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and the REAL classification for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). All of the cases were tested for the presence of the Epstein-Barr virus by EBER-ISH. There were 11 (10.3%) HL, 80 (74.7%) B-NHL and 16 (15%) T-NHL. The HL:NHL ratio was 1:9. The most common tumour in children was Burkitt's lymphoma 7/13 (53.8%). In the adult group, there were 72/94 (76.6%) B-NHL ¿diffuse large cell type 51 (of which 2 were CD30+), Burkitt's lymphoma 8, follicular lymphoma 5, low grade MALT 2, mantle cell type 1 and not otherwise specified due to poor morphology 5¿, 13/94 (13.8%) T-NHL and 9/94 (9.6%) HL. Of the 9 adult HL, the most common subtype was nodular sclerosis (6, 66.7%). The EBER positive rate in classical HL, T-NHL, BL and B-NHL were 33.3%, 56.3%, 60.0% and 3.1% respectively. In conclusion, the spectrum of lymphoma seen in East Malaysia was rather similar to West Malaysia except for the very low prevalence of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in Sarawak (3.3%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
  6. Detection of Legionella pneumophila antigens in patients' sera using monoclonal antibodies
    Normaznah Y, Saniah K, Noor Rain A, Norazah A, Azizah MR, Sabiha P
    Malays J Pathol, 1998 Dec;20(2):95-8.
    PMID: 10879269
    Three monoclonal antibodies (McAb) were produced against soluble antigens of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 which was cultured on BCYE agar. The McAbs were all of the IgM isotype. The McAbs were used in the McAb-based ELISA for detection of circulating L. pneumophila antigens in 186 sera collected from patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of atypical pneumonia. The normal reference optical (OD) density value of each of the McAbs was determined using 44 sera collected from healthy blood donors. The antigen positivity rates for the McAbs 1C7.2B, 2B2.10F and 2B2.11E were 11.3%, 7.7% and 22.2% respectively. Antigen positivity of the McAb 2B2.10F was significantly higher in the younger age group (p < 0.05). There is no significant association between the antigen positivity with age and sex for all the McAbs. There was no cross-reaction demonstrated between the McAbs with other bacterial antigens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Legionella pneumophila/isolation & purification
  7. Localized melioidosis
    Raja NS
    J Pak Med Assoc, 2003 Aug;53(8):373-4.
    PMID: 14558747
    Matched MeSH terms: Burkholderia pseudomallei/isolation & purification
  8. Emergence of dengue virus type 4 genotype IIA in Malaysia
    AbuBakar S, Wong PF, Chan YF
    J Gen Virol, 2002 Oct;83(Pt 10):2437-2442.
    PMID: 12237425 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-83-10-2437
    Phylogenetic analyses of the envelope (E) gene sequence of five recently isolated dengue virus type 4 (DENV-4) suggested the emergence of a distinct geographical and temporal DENV-4 subgenotype IIA in Malaysia. Four of the isolates had direct ancestral lineage with DENV-4 Indonesia 1973 and showed evidence of intra-serotypic recombination with the other recently isolated DENV-4, MY01-22713. The E gene of isolate MY01-22713 had strong evidence of an earlier recombination involving DENV-4 genotype II Indonesia 1976 and genotype I Malaysia 1969. These results suggest that intra-serotypic recombination amongst DENV-4 from independent ancestral lineages may have contributed to the emergence of DENV-4 subgenotype IIA in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue Virus/isolation & purification
  9. [Gene cloning and sequencing of chicken anemia virus(CAV) isolated from Harbin]
    He C, Ding N, Li J, Li Y
    Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao, 2002 Aug;42(4):436-41.
    PMID: 12557549
    A Chicken anemia virus has been isolated from a chicken flock in Harbin of China. The genome of the ivrus was cloned through polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and sequence of the genome was analyzed. The cycle genome is made of 2298 base pairs including three overlapping open reading frames(vp1, vp2, vp3) and a regulative region. Comparing sequence of the genome through BLAST in GenBank, this sequence exhibits 96.9% identity with other genome of CA Vs and least. Multiple alignment of this genome of this virus, 26p4, strain isolated in Germany, strain isolated in Malaysia and Cux-1 found that this sequence exhibits 98.2% (42/2298), 98.2% (42/2298), 96.9% (72/2298) and 97.5% (60/2319) identify with them, respectively. A new CAV strain was isolated and it has better identify with CAV isolated in Europe countries than is Asia country Malaysia. Multiple alignment of VP1, VP2, VP3 of 26p4, strain isolated in Germany, strain isolated in Malaysia, Cux-1 and strain isolated in Harbin of China found the VP2 the most conservative.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chicken anemia virus/isolation & purification
  10. Cloning of high activity xylanase gene from Bacillus pumilus PJ19
    Hamzah A, Abdulrashid N
    J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Biophys., 2002 Oct;6(5):365-9.
    PMID: 12385974
    The xylanase gene from Bacillus pumilus PJ19 amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was cloned into pCRII vector and transformed into Escherichia coli strain INValphaF'. Starting from an ATG as an initiator codon, an open reading frame coding for 202 amino acids was obtained. The recombinant xylanase sequence showed a 96% homology with the xylanase sequence from B. pumilus IPO strain and had an estimated molecular weight of 22,474. Xylanase activity expressed by E. coli INValphaF' harboring the cloned gene was located primarily in the cytoplasmic fraction.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification
  11. Isolation of Nipah virus from Malaysian Island flying-foxes
    Chua KB, Koh CL, Hooi PS, Wee KF, Khong JH, Chua BH, et al.
    Microbes Infect., 2002 Feb;4(2):145-51.
    PMID: 11880045
    In late 1998, Nipah virus emerged in peninsular Malaysia and caused fatal disease in domestic pigs and humans and substantial economic loss to the local pig industry. Surveillance of wildlife species during the outbreak showed neutralizing antibodies to Nipah virus mainly in Island flying-foxes (Pteropus hypomelanus) and Malayan flying-foxes (Pteropus vampyrus) but no virus reactive with anti-Nipah virus antibodies was isolated. We adopted a novel approach of collecting urine from these Island flying-foxes and swabs of their partially eaten fruits. Three viral isolates (two from urine and one from a partially eaten fruit swab) that caused Nipah virus-like syncytial cytopathic effect in Vero cells and stained strongly with Nipah- and Hendra-specific antibodies were isolated. Molecular sequencing and analysis of the 11,200-nucleotide fragment representing the beginning of the nucleocapsid gene to the end of the glycoprotein gene of one isolate confirmed the isolate to be Nipah virus with a sequence deviation of five to six nucleotides from Nipah virus isolated from humans. The isolation of Nipah virus from the Island flying-fox corroborates the serological evidence that it is one of the natural hosts of the virus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Paramyxovirinae/isolation & purification*
  12. Disseminated tuberculosis in acute leukemia
    Menon BS, Maziah W, Aiyar S, Zainul F, Shuaib I, Noh L
    Pediatr Int, 2001 Apr;43(2):161-3.
    PMID: 11285069
    Matched MeSH terms: Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification
  13. From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: outbreak of acute febrile illness among athletes participating in Eco-Challenge-Sabah 2000--Borneo, Malaysia, 2000
    JAMA, 2001 Feb 14;285(6):728-30.
    PMID: 11236770
    Matched MeSH terms: Leptospira/isolation & purification*
  14. Rotavirus electropherotypes from the Kuala Lumpur Hospital: a re-examination after an interval of seven years
    Yap KL, Lim YH, Tan SC
    Malays J Pathol, 1998 Jun;20(1):25-30.
    PMID: 10879260
    The objective of this study was to ascertain the extent changes have occurred in the epidemiology of human rotavirus electropherotypes from the same location 7 to 8 years after an earlier study. Genomic RNA profiles of rotaviruses from diarrhoeic children admitted to the Kuala Lumpur Hospital from April to December 1996 were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. A total of 179 group A rotaviruses were detected from 870 children: 175 with legible staining of all RNA segments were classified into 14 distinct electropherotypes (10 and 4 with long and short migration patterns respectively). In addition, the results revealed: high predominance of long pattern electropherotypes (94% of the total electropherotypes); most long electropherotypes with RNA profiles which all 11 RNAs migrated separately (8 of 10 electropherotypes); all short electropherotypes had segments 2 and 3 that co-migrated; presence of a very numerically dominant electropherotype (75% of all electropherotypes); frequent co-circulation of the dominant electropherotype-present throughout the study period--with other electropherotypes present for limited periods; sequential temporal appearances by similar electropherotypes. These observations were similar to that of an earlier study conducted in 1988/89. Nevertheless, the dominant electropherotype in the present study was different and not among the electropherotypes detected in the earlier study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rotavirus/isolation & purification
  15. Evaluation of the cholera spot test: a chromatographic immunoassay for the rapid detection of cholera antigen
    Rohani MY, Hasnidah D, Ong KH
    Malays J Pathol, 1998 Jun;20(1):31-3.
    PMID: 10879261
    A chromatographic immunoassay cholera antigen detection kit, the Cholera Spot test, was evaluated. The test was found to be specific with a sensitivity of 10(6) cfu/ml for the direct detection of V. cholerae in simulated stool specimens and 10 cfu/ml in simulated cotton-tipped swab specimens after overnight incubation in alkaline peptone water. This enables early recognition of cholera cases and their contacts so that prevention and control measures can be promptly instituted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vibrio cholerae/isolation & purification
  16. Molecular detection of enteroviruses from an outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease in Malaysia in 1997
    Abubakar S, Chee HY, Shafee N, Chua KB, Lam SK
    Scand. J. Infect. Dis., 1999;31(4):331-5.
    PMID: 10528868
    Enterovirus 5'UTR sequences were detected by RT-PCR in 22 out of 47 suspected hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) patients during an outbreak of the disease with incidences of fatal brainstem encephalomyelitis in Malaysia in 1997. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the isolates 5'UTR sequences suggest the presence of predominantly enteroviruses with high sequence similarities to Echovirus 1 and Coxsackievirus A9 in the Malaysian peninsula. No fatal cases, however, were associated with these isolates. The remaining isolates, including all (4/4) isolates of the fatal cases from the Malaysian peninsula and Sarawak shared very high sequence identity with enterovirus 71MS (EV71). These findings suggest that several enteroviruses were circulating in Malaysia during the outbreak period, with only EV71 causing fatal infections.
    Matched MeSH terms: Enterovirus/isolation & purification*
  17. Fatal encephalitis due to Nipah virus among pig-farmers in Malaysia
    Chua KB, Goh KJ, Wong KT, Kamarulzaman A, Tan PS, Ksiazek TG, et al.
    Lancet, 1999 Oct 9;354(9186):1257-9.
    PMID: 10520635
    Between February and April, 1999, an outbreak of viral encephalitis occurred among pig-farmers in Malaysia. We report findings for the first three patients who died.
    Matched MeSH terms: Paramyxovirinae/isolation & purification*
  18. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Malaysian children: evidence for ethnic differences in childhood
    Boey CC, Goh KL, Lee WS, Parasakthi N
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1999 Apr;35(2):151-2.
    PMID: 10365351
    OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in healthy Malaysian children and to discover whether differences exist among children of different races.

    METHODS: Serum samples from asymptomatic children tested for H. pylori seropositivity using an ELISA test.

    RESULTS: Five hundred and fourteen healthy urban Malaysian children aged 0.5 to 17 (mean 5.9) years from three different racial groups had their blood tested for H. pylori antibodies. The overall prevalence was 10.3%. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of infection between boys and girls, but a significant rise was noted with increasing age (P = 0.009). Seropositivity was most common in the Indians and lowest in the Malays (P = 0.001). Father's level of education did not affect the child's rate of H. pylori seropositivity.

    CONCLUSION: The prevalence of H. pylori seropositivity among asymptomatic urban Malaysian children is lowest in Malays. Intermediate in Chinese and highest in Indians. The racial differences found in children are consistent with those found in Malaysian adults.

    Matched MeSH terms: Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification*
  19. Characterization of Sri Lanka rabies virus isolates using nucleotide sequence analysis of nucleoprotein gene
    Arai YT, Takahashi H, Kameoka Y, Shiino T, Wimalaratne O, Lodmell DL
    Acta Virol., 2001;45(5-6):327-33.
    PMID: 12083333
    Thirty-four suspected rabid brain samples from 2 humans, 24 dogs, 4 cats, 2 mongooses, I jackal and I water buffalo were collected in 1995-1996 in Sri Lanka. Total RNA was extracted directly from brain suspensions and examined using a one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the rabies virus nucleoprotein (N) gene. Twenty-eight samples were found positive for the virus N gene by RT-PCR and also for the virus antigens by fluorescent antibody (FA) test. Rabies virus isolates obtained from different animal species in different regions of Sri Lanka were genetically homogenous. Sequences of 203 nucleotides (nt)-long RT-PCR products obtained from 16 of 27 samples were found identical. Sequences of 1350 nt of N genes of 14 RT-PCR products were determined. The Sri Lanka isolates under study formed a specific cluster that included also an earlier isolate from India but did not include the known isolates from China, Thailand, Malaysia, Israel, Iran, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Nepal, Philippines, Japan and from several other countries. These results suggest that one type of rabies virus is circulating among human, dog, cat, mongoose, jackal and water buffalo living near Colombo City and in other five remote regions in Sri Lanka.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rabies virus/isolation & purification*
  20. Fulltext Uvulo-palatoglossal junctional ulcers--an early clinical sign of exanthem subitum due to human herpesvirus 6
    Chua KB, Lam SK, Sazaly AB, Lim ST, Paranjothy M
    Med J Malaysia, 1999 Mar;54(1):32-6.
    PMID: 10972002
    A provisional clinical diagnosis of exanthem subitum was made in six febrile infants seen in the Paediatric Unit of Assunta Hospital, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia with uvulo-palatoglossal junctional ulcers prior to the eruption of maculopapular rash. On follow-up, all six infants developed maculopapular rash with the subsidence of fever at the end of the fourth febrile day. Human herpesvirus 6 was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the acute phase of the illness and HHV 6 specific genome was also detected in these cells by nested polymerase chain reaction. All the six infants showed seroconversion for both specific IgG and IgM to the isolated virus. This study suggests that the presence of uvulo-palatoglossal junctional ulcers could be a useful early clinical sign of exanthem subitum due to human herpesvirus 6.
    Matched MeSH terms: Herpesvirus 6, Human/isolation & purification
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