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Multicentre evaluations of two new rapid IgG4 tests (WB rapid and panLF rapid) for detection of lymphatic filariasis

Noordin R, Itoh M, Kimura E, Abdul Rahman R, Ravindran B, Mahmud R, et al.

Filaria journal, 2007;6:9.
PMID: 17961262

In the global effort to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF), rapid field-applicable tests are useful tools that will allow on-site testing to be performed in remote places and the results to be obtained rapidly. Exclusive reliance on the few existing tests may jeopardize the progress of the LF elimination program, thus the introduction of other rapid tests would be useful to address this issue. Two new rapid immunochromatographic IgG4 cassette tests have been produced, namely WB rapid and panLF rapid, for detection of bancroftian filariasis and all three species of lymphatic filaria respectively. WB rapid was developed using BmSXP recombinant antigen, while PanLF rapid was developed using BmR1 and BmSXP recombinant antigens. A total of 165 WB rapid and 276 panLF rapid tests respectively were evaluated at USM and the rest were couriered to another university in Malaysia (98 WB rapid, 129 panLF rapid) and to universities in Indonesia (56 WB rapid, 62 panLF rapid), Japan (152 of each test) and India (18 of each test) where each of the tests underwent independent evaluations in a blinded manner. The average sensitivities of WB rapid and panLF rapid were found to be 97.6% (94%-100%) and 96.5% (94%-100%) respectively; while their average specificities were both 99.6% (99%-100%). Thus this study demonstrated that both the IgG4 rapid tests were highly sensitive and specific, and would be useful additional tests to facilitate the global drive to eliminate this disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Feasibility and safety of transvaginal specimen extraction for laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy: An Indonesian perspective compared with three different approaches

Hendri AZ, Soerohardjo I, Dewi KA, Danurdoro A

Med J Malaysia, 2023 May;78(3):270-278.
PMID: 37271835

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy (LLDN) continues to expand in minimally invasive surgery; nevertheless, the studies are inadequate to compare standard kidney extraction with TV-NOSE in less-developed countries. This study compared TV-NOSE with conventional kidney specimen extractions.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of TV-NOSE in live donor nephrectomy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 53 patients received LDN surgery at our hospital from September 2017 to December 2021. Retrospectively, living donor nephrectomy with TV-NOSE was compared to three different surgical procedures with standard specimen extraction.
RESULTS: 53 donor patients were included: 15 open (OLDN), 12 retroperitoneoscopic living donor nephrectomy (RPLDN), 10 transperitoneal living donor nephrectomy (TPLDN), and 16 standard laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy with transvaginal extraction (SLLDN TV-NOSE). SLLDN TVNOSE's longer operating time (p<0.0041) did not affect graft function. SLLDN TV-NOSE and RPLDN had shorter lengths of stay and better VAS trends than open LDN and TPLDN (p<0.05). SLLDN TV-NOSE donors reported acceptable surgical outcomes and unchanged sexual function. All patients had similar discharge creatinine levels, with 1-year transplant survival of 98% and just 1 graft loss in the TPLDN group.
CONCLUSION: SLLDN TV-NOSE is equivalent to RPLDN and better than open LDN and TPLDN in terms of duration of stay, VAS score, surgical outcomes, and sexual function. TVNOSE is a safe surgical procedure with an acceptable donor complication. TV-NOSE may be safely conducted in both developed and developing countries with proper patient selection.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext CH4 and N2 O emissions from smallholder agricultural systems on tropical peatlands in Southeast Asia

Jovani-Sancho AJ, O'Reilly P, Anshari G, Chong XY, Crout N, Evans CD, et al.

Glob Chang Biol, 2023 Aug;29(15):4279-4297.
PMID: 37100767 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16747

There are limited data for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from smallholder agricultural systems in tropical peatlands, with data for non-CO2 emissions from human-influenced tropical peatlands particularly scarce. The aim of this study was to quantify soil CH4 and N2 O fluxes from smallholder agricultural systems on tropical peatlands in Southeast Asia and assess their environmental controls. The study was carried out in four regions in Malaysia and Indonesia. CH4 and N2 O fluxes and environmental parameters were measured in cropland, oil palm plantation, tree plantation and forest. Annual CH4 emissions (in kg CH4 ha-1 year-1 ) were: 70.7 ± 29.5, 2.1 ± 1.2, 2.1 ± 0.6 and 6.2 ± 1.9 at the forest, tree plantation, oil palm and cropland land-use classes, respectively. Annual N2 O emissions (in kg N2 O ha-1 year-1 ) were: 6.5 ± 2.8, 3.2 ± 1.2, 21.9 ± 11.4 and 33.6 ± 7.3 in the same order as above, respectively. Annual CH4 emissions were strongly determined by water table depth (WTD) and increased exponentially when annual WTD was above -25 cm. In contrast, annual N2 O emissions were strongly correlated with mean total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in soil water, following a sigmoidal relationship, up to an apparent threshold of 10 mg N L-1 beyond which TDN seemingly ceased to be limiting for N2 O production. The new emissions data for CH4 and N2 O presented here should help to develop more robust country level 'emission factors' for the quantification of national GHG inventory reporting. The impact of TDN on N2 O emissions suggests that soil nutrient status strongly impacts emissions, and therefore, policies which reduce N-fertilisation inputs might contribute to emissions mitigation from agricultural peat landscapes. However, the most important policy intervention for reducing emissions is one that reduces the conversion of peat swamp forest to agriculture on peatlands in the first place.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Impedance changes in cochlear implant electrodes one year after switch on: A cohort study at a tertiary referral hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia

Zizlavsky S, Saleh R, Priyono H

Med J Malaysia, 2023 Sep;78(5):589-593.
PMID: 37775484

INTRODUCTION: Monitoring of impedance field telemetry is crucial to maintaining optimal function of cochlear implants. This study aims to investigate impedance changes in cochlear implant electrodes one year after switch on.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective repeated crosssectional study was conducted by recruiting patients with cochlear implants presenting to the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia between 2017 and 2021. Basal (b1, b2) and apical (a1, a2) electrodes, representing the outermost and innermost parts of the cochlear implant electrodes, were measured at switch on and at 1 year post-implantation.
RESULTS: A total of 123 patients, with a total of 123 cochlear implant samples, were included in the analysis. We found a substantial change in electrical impedance between switch on and follow-up periods, where the impedance levels of basal electrodes decreased (b1: mean difference (MD) -1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.71, -0.54], p<0.001; b2: MD -0.60 [95%CI: -1.17, -0.03], p=0.041) and those of apical electrodes increased (a1: MD 0.48 [95%CI: -0.28, 0.99], p=0.064; a2: MD 0.67 [95%CI: 0.12, 1.22], p=0.017). We also found that the choice of surgical approaches for implant insertion may affect the electrode impedance. Cochleostomy approach resulted in a higher impedance than round window in basal (b1) and apical (a2) electrodes both at switch on and follow-up (b1 at switch on and at follow-up: p=0.019 and p=0.004; a2 at follow-up: p=0.012). Extended round window approach also resulted in a higher impedance than round window in basal (b1) and apical (a2) electrodes at follow-up (p=0.013 and p=0.003, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Electrical impedance of cochlear implant electrodes may change over time, highlighting the importance of regular impedance assessments for cochlear implant users to ensure optimal device function. The round window approach resulted in better initial and long-term impedance levels compared to cochleostomy, and better long-term impedance levels than extended round window. Extended round window approach also gives better impedance level than cochleostomy. Further research should investigate the potential interplay between surgical approach and other factors that may impact impedance levels to confirm our findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext Waste management developments in the last five decades: Asian perspective

Agamuthu P, Babel S

Waste Manag Res, 2023 Dec;41(12):1699-1716.
PMID: 37823520 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X231199938

Solid waste management was explored in Asia's last five decades, and the issues and challenges were identified. Waste generation has increased in all nations in the previous 50 years, although more recently, a declining trend has been observed in Japan and Korea. The composition has been predominantly organic, with 45-50% being kitchen waste. Material extraction and productivity to sustain the most populous part of the globe are explained. Waste management technologies have evolved, with more nations slowly transitioning from landfills to using waste-to-energy options. However, landfilling and open dumps are still the major disposal choice in most developing countries in Asia. Thus, the issues of concern include dumpsites management, the informal sector, waste collection, open burning and food waste. Changes (increasing trends) in the recycling technologies and quantum are evident, as seen in several country reports from India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam. There are several issues and challenges for recycling, which are explored in the text. Lastly, the drivers that propel the whole scenario of waste management in Asia and the evolution of these drivers over time are discussed. Several recommendations are included to achieve sustainable waste management in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
A new species of Opecarcinus Kropp & Manning, 1987 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Cryptochiridae) associated with the stony corals Pavona clavus (Dana, 1846) and P. bipartita Nemenzo, 1980 (Scleractinia: Agariciidae)

Van Der Meij SE

Zootaxa, 2014;3869(1):44-52.
PMID: 25283897 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.1.4

A new species of Opecarcinus Kropp & Manning, 1987, is described from Indonesia and Malaysia. Opecarcinus cathyae sp. nov. is associated with the scleractinian corals Pavona clavus (Dana, 1846) and P. bipartita Nemenzo, 1980, inhabiting crescent-shaped cavities or tunnels on the coral surface. The new species is the ninth assigned to the genus. It can be separated from congeners by the anterolateral orientation of the cornea, the carapace with shallow transverse depressions, lacking longitudinal depressions, and the smooth dorsal margin of the fifth female pereiopod carpus. The distinctive colour pattern can be used as a diagnostic character in live specimens.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Taxonomic revision of the Nippostrongylinae (Nematoda, Heligmonellidae) arasitic in Oriental Muridae. The genus Paraheligmonelloides Fukumoto, Kamiya & Suzuki, 1980

Digiani MC, Durette-Desset MC

Zootaxa, 2014;3884(1):81-8.
PMID: 25543768 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3884.1.7

The genus Paraheligmonelloides Fukumoto, Kamiya and Suzuki, 1980 (Nippostrongylinae) is revised and split into four genera, mainly based on characters of the synlophe not previously considered at the supraspecific level. These characters mainly include the homology of the left ridge with ridge 1', the relative size of the right ridge to the left ridge and to ridge 1' and the distribution of the largest ridges. Paraheligmonelloides sensu stricto, characterized by the homology of the left ridge with ridge 1', contains only the type species, Paraheligmonelloides kenyensis Fukumoto, Kamiya and Suzuki, 1980, parasitic in a lagomorph from Kenya. Krishnasamyos n. gen., characterized by ridge 1' forming a comarete, two minute left ventral ridges and ridge 1 larger than other dorsal ridges, only includes the species Krishnasamyos triangulus n. comb., parasitic in Malaysian murids. Hughjonestrongylus n. gen., characterized by numerous ridges markedly unequal in size, with the largest ridges grouped in relation to the lateral fields, includes Hughjonestrongylus ennisae n. comb., Hughjonestrongylus amplicaudae n. comb., Hughjonestrongylus mirzai n. comb., and Hughjonestrongylus singauwaensis n. comb., all parasitic in murids from Papua Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Syafruddinema n. gen., characterized by ridge 1 as long as other dorsal ridges and a gap associated with the left lateral field, between ridges 2' and 3', includes Syafruddinema paruromyos n. comb., Syafruddinema annandalei n. comb., and Syafruddinema eropeplios n. comb., parasitic in murids from Malaysia and Indonesia. A key to the proposed genera is provided.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Systematics and natural history of Southeast Asian Rock Geckos (genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887) with descriptions of eight new species from Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia

Grismer LL, Wood PL, Anuar S, Riyanto A, Ahmad N, Muin MA, et al.

Zootaxa, 2014;3880:1-147.
PMID: 25544645 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3880.1.1

A well-supported and well-resolved phylogeny based on a concatenated data set from one mitochondrial and two nuclear genes, six morphological characters, and nine color pattern characters for 44 of the 50 species of the Southeast Asian Rock Geckos (genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887) is consistent with the previous taxonomy of Cnemaspis based solely on morphology and color pattern. Cnemaspis is partitioned into four major clades that collectively contain six species groups. The monophyly of all clades and species groups is strongly supported and they are parapatrically distributed across well-established, biogeographical regions ranging from southern Vietnam westward through southern Indochina, southward through the Thai-Malay Peninsula, then eastward to Borneo. Eight new species (Cnemaspis omari sp. nov. from the Thai-Malaysian border; C. temiah sp. nov. from Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia; C. stongensis sp. nov. from Gunung Stong, Kelantan, Malaysia; C. hangus sp. nov. from Bukit Hangus, Pahang, Malaysia; C. sundagekko sp. nov. from Pulau Siantan, Indonesia; C. peninsularis sp. nov. from southern Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, and C. mumpuniae sp. nov. and C. sundainsula sp. nov. from Pulau Natuna Besar, Indonesia) are described based on morphology and color pattern and all but C. sundagekko sp. nov. are included in the phylogenetic analyses. Cnemaspis kendallii is polyphyletic and a composite of six species. An updated taxonomy consistent with the phylogeny is proposed for all 50 species and is based on 25 morphological and 53 color pattern characters scored across 594 specimens. Cladogenetic events and biogeographical relationships within Cnemaspis were likely influenced by this group's low vagility and the cyclical patterns of geographical and environmental changes in Sundaland over the last 25 million years and especially within the last 2.5 million years. The phylogeny indicates that nocturnality, diurnality, substrate preferences, and the presence of ocelli in the shoulder regions have evolved independently multiple times.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext Molecular data for Crenavolva species (Gastropoda, Ovulidae) reveals the synonymy of C.chiapponii

Reijnen BT

Zookeys, 2015.
PMID: 25987877 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.501.9144

During fieldwork in Indonesia and Malaysia, eight lots containing 33 specimens belonging to the genus Crenavolva (Ovulidae) were collected. Species were initially identified as Crenavolvaaureola, Crenavolvachiapponii, Crenavolvastriatula and Crenavolvatrailli, respectively. For Crenavolvachiapponii this is the second record. In contrast to the ecological data available from the original description of this species, it was found in shallow water on a gorgonian host coral, i.e. Acanthogorgia sp. A molecular analysis based on COI and 16S mtDNA markers, including sequence data obtained from GenBank, showed that Crenavolvachiapponii should be considered a junior synonym of Crenavolvaaureola and that previously identified ovulid specimens are probably misidentified.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext A new gall crab species (Brachyura, Cryptochiridae) associated with the free-living coral Trachyphylliageoffroyi (Scleractinia, Merulinidae)

van der Meij SE

Zookeys, 2015.
PMID: 25987871 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.500.9244

A new species of gall crab is described from the free-living stony coral Trachyphylliageoffroyi. Specimens were collected during field work in Lembeh Strait (Indonesia) and off Kudat (Malaysian Borneo). This new species, here named Lithoscaptussemperi sp. n., is the ninth species assigned to the genus. It can be separated from its congeners by not having the internal orbital angle extending beyond the external orbital angle, and by the stout female P2 merus with prominent distomesial projection. In addition, the carapace surface appears smooth, despite having small tubercles on the anterior half, and is without noticeable spines, other than those on the frontal margin. The distinctive carapace pattern in life is a diagnostic character in male specimens.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext Genetic diversity of geographically distinct Streptococcus dysgalactiae isolates from fish

Abdelsalam M, Eissa AE, Chen SC

J Adv Res, 2015 Mar;6(2):233-8.
PMID: 25750757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2013.12.003

Streptococcus dysgalactiae is an emerging pathogen of fish. Clinically, infection is characterized by the development of necrotic lesions at the caudal peduncle of infected fishes. The pathogen has been recently isolated from different fish species in many countries. Twenty S. dysgalactiae isolates collected from Japan, Taiwan, Malaysia and Indonesia were molecularly characterized by biased sinusoidal field gel electrophoresis (BSFGE) using SmaI enzyme, and tuf gene sequencing analysis. DNA sequencing of ten S. dysgalactiae revealed no genetic variation in the tuf amplicons, except for three strains. The restriction patterns of chromosomal DNA measured by BSFGE were differentiated into six distinct types and one subtype among collected strains. To our knowledge, this report gives the first snapshot of S. dysgalactiae isolates collected from different countries that are localized geographically and differed on a multinational level. This genetic unrelatedness among different isolates might suggest a high recombination rate and low genetic stability.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext Evidence of local short-distance spawning migration of tropical freshwater eels, and implications for the evolution of freshwater eel migration

Arai T

Ecol Evol, 2014 Oct;4(19):3812-9.
PMID: 25614795 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1245

Freshwater eels have fascinated biologists for centuries due to the spectacular long-distance migrations between the eels' freshwater habitats and their spawning areas far out in the ocean and the mysteries of their ecology. The spawning areas of Atlantic eels and Japanese eel were located far offshore in the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, respectively, and their reproduction took place thousands of kilometers away from their growth habitats. Phylogenetic studies have revealed that freshwater eels originated in the Indonesian region. However, remarkably little is known about the life histories of tropical freshwater eels despite the fact that tropical eels are key to understanding the nature of primitive forms of catadromous migration. This study found spawning-condition tropical freshwater eels in Lake Poso, central Sulawesi, Indonesia, with considerably high gonadosomatic index values and with histologically fully developed gonads. This study provides the first evidence that under certain conditions, freshwater eels have conditions that are immediately able to spawn even in river downstream. The results suggest that, in contrast to the migrations made by the Atlantic and Japanese eels, freshwater eels originally migrated only short distances of <100 kilometers to local spawning areas adjacent to their freshwater growth habitats. Ancestral eels most likely underwent a catadromous migration from local short-distance movements in tropical coastal waters to the long-distance migrations characteristic of present-day temperate eels, which has been well established as occurring in subtropical gyres in both hemispheres.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change

Hansen MC, Potapov PV, Moore R, Hancher M, Turubanova SA, Tyukavina A, et al.

Science, 2013 Nov 15;342(6160):850-3.
PMID: 24233722 DOI: 10.1126/science.1244693

Quantification of global forest change has been lacking despite the recognized importance of forest ecosystem services. In this study, Earth observation satellite data were used to map global forest loss (2.3 million square kilometers) and gain (0.8 million square kilometers) from 2000 to 2012 at a spatial resolution of 30 meters. The tropics were the only climate domain to exhibit a trend, with forest loss increasing by 2101 square kilometers per year. Brazil's well-documented reduction in deforestation was offset by increasing forest loss in Indonesia, Malaysia, Paraguay, Bolivia, Zambia, Angola, and elsewhere. Intensive forestry practiced within subtropical forests resulted in the highest rates of forest change globally. Boreal forest loss due largely to fire and forestry was second to that in the tropics in absolute and proportional terms. These results depict a globally consistent and locally relevant record of forest change.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
A nutrition survey in four South East Asian countries. Preface

Hautvast J

Br J Nutr, 2013 Sep;110 Suppl 3:S1.
PMID: 24016761 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114513002122
Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Autecology and phylogeny of Coolia tropicalis and Coolia malayensis (Dinophyceae), with emphasis on taxonomy of C. tropicalis based on light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and LSU rDNA(1)

Mohammad-Noor N, Moestrup Ø, Lundholm N, Fraga S, Adam A, Holmes MJ, et al.

J Phycol, 2013 Jun;49(3):536-45.
PMID: 27007042 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12062

Coolia is a widespread and ecologically important genus of benthic marine dinoflagellates found in tropical regions. Historically, there has been taxonomic confusion about the taxonomy and toxicity of this group. The goal of this study was to resolve morphological questions concerning Coolia tropicalis and determine the taxonomic identity of the Australian Coolia isolate which has been reported to produce cooliatoxins. To accomplish this, the morphology of tropical strains from Belize (the type locality of C. tropicalis), Malaysia, Indonesia, and Australia were examined and compared to published reports. The morphological analysis showed that C. tropicalis differs from the original description in that it has a slightly larger size (35-47 μm long by 30-45 μm wide versus 23-40 μm long by 25-39 μm wide), and the shape of fourth apical plate, and the length of Po plate (7.4-12 μm versus 7 μm). Based on both morphology and phylogenetic analysis using LSU D1- D3 rDNA sequences, the clones of C. tropicalis from Malaysia, Indonesia, and Belize were found to form a monophyletic clade within the genus. The strain producing cooliatoxin was found to be C. tropicalis, not Coolia monotis as originally assumed. To explore the factors influencing the growth of Coolia species, the growth rates of C. tropicalis and Coolia malayensis were determined at different temperatures and salinities. Both species tolerated a wide range of temperatures, but cannot survive at temperatures <20°C or >35°C. C. monotis, the dominant species reported in the literature, probably does not produce toxins.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext Assessing the burden of pneumonia using administrative data from Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines

Azmi S, Aljunid SM, Maimaiti N, Ali AA, Muhammad Nur A, De Rosas-Valera M, et al.

Int J Infect Dis, 2016 May 24;49:87-93.
PMID: 27235085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.05.021

To describe the incidence, mortality, cost, and length of stay (LOS) of hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in three Southeast Asian countries: Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Rare earth elements in core marine sediments of coastal East Malaysia by instrumental neutron activation analysis

Ashraf A, Saion E, Gharibshahi E, Kamari HM, Kong YC, Hamzah MS, et al.

Appl Radiat Isot, 2016 Jan;107:17-23.
PMID: 26405840 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.09.004

A study was carried out on the concentration of REEs (Dy, Sm, Eu,Yb, Lu, La and Ce) that are present in the core marine sediments of East Malaysia from three locations at South China Sea and one location each at Sulu Sea and Sulawesi Sea. The sediment samples were collected at a depth of between 49 and 109 m, dried, and crushed to powdery form. The entire core sediments prepared for Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) were weighted approximately 0.0500 g to 0.1000 g for short irradiation and 0.1500 g to 0.2000 g for long irradiation. The samples were irradiated with a thermal neutron flux of 4.0×10(12) cm(-2) s(-1) in a TRIGA Mark II research reactor operated at 750 kW. Blank samples and standard reference materials SL-1 were also irradiated for calibration and quality control purposes. It was found that the concentration of REEs varies in the range from 0.11 to 36.84 mg/kg. The chondrite-normalized REEs for different stations suggest that all the REEs are from similar origins. There was no significant REEs contamination as the enrichment factors normalized for Fe fall in the range of 0.42-2.82.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Notes on Hexapodidae (Crustacea, Brachyura) from Indonesia and Malaysia, with description of a new species of Mariaplax Rahayu & Ng, 2014, from Lombok, Indonesia

Ng PK, Rahayu DL

Zootaxa, 2015 Jul 02;3981(1):125-37.
PMID: 26249983 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3981.1.7

The male of Hexapinus latipes (De Haan, 1835), so far known only from female specimens, is described based on the material reported by De Man (1888) as "Hexapus sexpes". Material referred to "Hexapus sexpes" by Tesch (1918) is shown instead to belong to Hexapinus simplex Rahayu & Ng, 2014, and Hexapinus latus Rahayu & Ng, 2014, while his "Hexaplax megalops Doflein, 1904" belongs to Hexaplax aurantium Rahayu & Ng, 2014. A new species, Mariaplax aspera n. sp., is described from a female collected in Lombok, Indonesia. This new species most closely resembles M. narusei Rahayu & Ng, 2014, described from Japan, but differs by its relatively narrower carapace, shorter ambulatory legs, tuberculated third maxillipeds, and shorter telson.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext Integrating sustainable Islamic social finance: An Analytical Network Process using the Benefit Opportunity Cost Risk (ANP BOCR) framework: The case of Indonesia

Widiastuti T, Robani A, Sukmaningrum PS, Mawardi I, Ningsih S, Herianingrum S, et al.

PLoS One, 2022;17(5):e0269039.
PMID: 35617300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269039

The utilization of Islamic social finance instruments is far behind what is expected. To realize its full potential, Islamic social finance instruments must be integrated. This study examined solutions and priority strategies for integrating sustainable Islamic social finance that could be implemented in the short and long term using the Benefit, Opportunity, Cost, and Risk (BOCR) framework, which includes six aspects: Governance, sustainable financing, institutional aspect, human resources, regulations, and supporting technology. This qualitative research employed the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method using the benefit, opportunity, cost, and risk analysis. The data were obtained mainly through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with respondents among academics, practitioners, associations, regulators, and community leaders. The respondents were selected for their expertise and experience in the selected topic. The data were processed using the Microsoft Excel and Super Decision software. There are several findings worth considering from the analysis. First, the highest priority in integrating Islamic social finance aspects are human resources (0.97), regulation (0.86), and technology (0.76). Second, based on the short- and long-term analysis, financial integration through sustainable financing (0.01 and 1.44, respectively) and improving human resource quality through certification and training (0.01 and 1.56, respectively) is a priority solution and strategy to integrate sustainable Islamic social finance. Meanwhile, according to expert judgments, integrating national data (0.24) and optimizing technology use (0.18) are priority solutions and strategies. The findings emphasize the critical role of improving human resource quality to utilize technology, with experts identifying a national data integration as the most critical solution. As a result, relevant stakeholders are concerned about technology management training for Islamic philanthropic managers, with the goal of maximizing the potential of technology's growing role and adoption.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
Fulltext Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Apis cerana honey from Lombok and Bali Islands

Huyop F, Ullah S, Abdul Wahab R, Huda N, Sujana IGA, Saloko S, et al.

PLoS One, 2024;19(4):e0301213.
PMID: 38578814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301213

Limited honey production worldwide leads to higher market prices, thus making it prone to adulteration. Therefore, regular physicochemical analysis is imperative for ensuring authenticity and safety. This study describes the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Apis cerana honey sourced from the islands of Lombok and Bali, showing their unique regional traits. A comparative analysis was conducted on honey samples from Lombok and Bali as well as honey variety from Malaysia. Moisture content was found slightly above 20% in raw honey samples from Lombok and Bali, adhering to the national standard (SNI 8664:2018) of not exceeding 22%. Both honey types displayed pH values within the acceptable range (3.40-6.10), ensuring favorable conditions for long-term storage. However, Lombok honey exhibited higher free acidity (78.5±2.14 meq/kg) than Bali honey (76.0±1.14 meq/kg), surpassing Codex Alimentarius recommendations (≤50 meq/kg). The ash content, reflective of inorganic mineral composition, was notably lower in Lombok (0.21±0.02 g/100) and Bali honey (0.14±0.01 g/100) compared to Tualang honey (1.3±0.02 g/100). Electric conductivity, indicative of mineral content, revealed Lombok and Bali honey with lower but comparable values than Tualang honey. Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) concentrations in Lombok (14.4±0.11 mg/kg) and Bali (17.6±0.25 mg/kg) were slightly elevated compared to Tualang honey (6.4±0.11 mg/kg), suggesting potential processing-related changes. Sugar analysis revealed Lombok honey with the highest sucrose content (2.39±0.01g/100g) and Bali honey with the highest total sugar content (75.21±0.11 g/100g). Both honeys exhibited lower glucose than fructose content, aligning with Codex Alimentarius guidelines. The phenolic content, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were significantly higher in Lombok and Bali honey compared to Tualang honey, suggesting potential health benefits. Further analysis by LC-MS/MS-QTOF targeted analysis identified various flavonoids/flavanols and polyphenolic/phenolic acid compounds in Lombok and Bali honey. The study marks the importance of characterizing the unique composition of honey from different regions, ensuring quality and authenticity in the honey industry.

Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia

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