Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 546 in total

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  1. Evaluation of Anti-diarrheal Potential of Hydro-alcoholic Extracts of Leaves of Murraya koenigii in Experimental Animals
    Ramasamy A, Das S, Mani V, Sengottuvelu S, Vinoth Prabhu V
    J Diet Suppl, 2016;13(4):393-401.
    PMID: 26631977 DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2015.1101636
    The indigenous medical system of India mentions the use of Murraya koenigii leaves for the treatment of different types of diarrheas over ages.
  2. Fulltext MUSiC: a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV
    CMS Collaboration, Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Ambrogi F, Bergauer T, et al.
    Eur Phys J C Part Fields, 2021;81(7):629.
    PMID: 34727144 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09236-z
    Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb - 1 , are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.
  3. Fulltext Search for dark matter produced in association with a leptonically decaying Z boson in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 Te
    Sirunyan AM, CMS Collaboration, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Bergauer T, Dragicevic M, et al.
    Eur Phys J C Part Fields, 2021;81(1):13.
    PMID: 33493254 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08739-5
    A search for dark matter particles is performed using events with a Z boson candidate and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 Te , collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016-2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb - 1 . The search uses the decay channels Z → e e and Z → μ μ . No significant excess of events is observed over the background expected from the standard model. Limits are set on dark matter particle production in the context of simplified models with vector, axial-vector, scalar, and pseudoscalar mediators, as well as on a two-Higgs-doublet model with an additional pseudoscalar mediator. In addition, limits are provided for spin-dependent and spin-independent scattering cross sections and are compared to those from direct-detection experiments. The results are also interpreted in the context of models of invisible Higgs boson decays, unparticles, and large extra dimensions.
  4. Fulltext Measurements of production cross sections of the Higgs boson in the four-lepton final state in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV
    CMS Collaboration, Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Andrejkovic JW, Bergauer T, et al.
    Eur Phys J C Part Fields, 2021;81(6):488.
    PMID: 34727143 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09200-x
    Production cross sections of the Higgs boson are measured in the H → Z Z → 4 ℓ ( ℓ = e , μ ) decay channel. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV , collected by the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb - 1 is used. The signal strength modifier μ , defined as the ratio of the Higgs boson production rate in the 4 ℓ channel to the standard model (SM) expectation, is measured to be μ = 0.94 ± 0.07 (stat) - 0.08 + 0.09 (syst) at a fixed value of m H = 125.38 GeV . The signal strength modifiers for the individual Higgs boson production modes are also reported. The inclusive fiducial cross section for the H → 4 ℓ process is measured to be 2 . 84 - 0.22 + 0.23 (stat) - 0.21 + 0.26 (syst) fb , which is compatible with the SM prediction of 2.84 ± 0.15 fb for the same fiducial region. Differential cross sections as a function of the transverse momentum and rapidity of the Higgs boson, the number of associated jets, and the transverse momentum of the leading associated jet are measured. A new set of cross section measurements in mutually exclusive categories targeted to identify production mechanisms and kinematical features of the events is presented. The results are in agreement with the SM predictions.
  5. Anomalous higher branching pattern of the femoral nerve: a case report with clinical implications
    Das S, Vasudeva N
    Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove), 2007;50(4):245-6.
    PMID: 18290549
    The femoral nerve usually divides into anterior and posterior branches below the inguinal ligament. In the present case, we report the anomalous higher branching pattern of the femoral nerve on both sides of a 52 year male cadaver. The femoral nerve divided into the anterior and posterior branches above the inguinal ligament. Such a higher division of femoral nerve is a rare finding and it may be important for surgeons, orthopaedicians and anaesthetists in day to day clinical practice.
  6. An interesting case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A
    Thambiah SC, Abu-Bakar M, Bador KM, Das S, Umar NA
    Clin Ter, 2010;161(4):349-54.
    PMID: 20931159
    We report the case of a 37-year-old Chinese man who came with a history of bilateral adrenalectomy and was admitted for recurrent phaeochromocytoma. Further investigations of an incidental finding of persistently raised carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), fi rst observed four years ago, revealed medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). As such, a provisional diagnosis of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 2A (MEN 2A) was made. In this case, it seemed like the long-standing elevation of CEA was ignored until it was noted in a post-clinical discussion among several physicians. The present case illustrates the significance of considering a single abnormal biochemical test in an asymptomatic patient and also discusses the importance of life-long follow-up of a patient with a history of phaeochromocytoma.
  7. An insight into the harmful effects of soy protein: A review
    Sukalingam K, Ganesan K, Das S, Thent ZC
    Clin Ter, 2015;166(3):131-9.
    PMID: 26152621 DOI: 10.7417/CT.2015.1843
    Soy protein (SP) is a protein derived from soybean meal. SP is obtained from the removal of the outer shell of soybean and the fatty acid. The dietary supplementation of SP was was reported to have positive effects on human health. Therefore, the attention towards SP is increasing among the consumers, industrialist and researchers. However, the side effects and toxicity related to SP was not summarized, to date. This review summarized the toxic effects such as hormonal disturbances, carcinogenic and organotoxicity of SP based on the clinical and experimental studies. The review mainly focused on the effect of soy isoflavone-genistein on various organs. The main aim of the present review is to increase the public awareness on the harmful effect of SP on the various health aspects and draw the attention of the health care personnel and researchers.
  8. Mapping of tide-dominated Hooghly estuary water quality parameters using Sentinel-3 OLCI time-series data
    Bar AR, Mondal I, Das S, Biswas B, Samanta S, Jose F, et al.
    Environ Monit Assess, 2023 Jul 20;195(8):975.
    PMID: 37474709 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11552-8
    The study explores the spatio-temporal variation of water quality parameters in the Hooghly estuary, which is considered an ecologically-stressed shallow estuary and a major distributary for the Ganges River. The estimated parameters are chlorophyll-a, total suspended matter (TSM), and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The Sentinel-3 OLCI remote sensing imageries were analyzed for the duration of October 2018 to February 2019. We observed that the water quality of the Hooghly estuaries is comparatively low-oxygenated, mesotrophic, and phosphate-limited. Ongoing channel dredging for maintaining shipping channel depth keeps the TSM in the estuary at an elevated level, with the highest amount of TSM observed during March of 2019 (41.59g m-3) at station A, upstream point. Since the pre-monsoon season, TSM data shows a decreasing trend towards the mouth of the estuary. Chl-a concentration is higher during pre-monsoon than monsoon and post-monsoon periods, with the highest value observed in April at 1.09 mg m-3 in station D during the pre-monsoon period. The CDOM concentration was high in the middle section (January-February) and gradually decreased towards the estuary's head and mouth. The highest CDOM was found in February at locations C and D during the pre-monsoon period. Every station shows a significant correlation among CDOM, TSM, and Chl-a measured parameters. Based on our satellite data analysis, it is recommended that SNAP C2RCC be regionally used for TSM, Chl-a, and CDOM for water quality product retrieval and in various algorithms for the Hooghly estuary monitoring.
  9. Fulltext The effects of virgin coconut oil on fibroblasts and myofibroblasts on diabetic wound healing
    Wong, S.K., Rangiah T., Bakri, N.S.A., Ismail, W.N.A, Bojeng, E.E.F., Abd Rahiman, M.A., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2019;14(2):132-141.
    MyJurnal
    Delayed wound healing is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus where it often leads to amputation. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a natural oil widely used to treat wounds and burns traditionally. It possesses potent antioxidant and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to determine the effect of VCO on the fibroblast population in diabetic wound healing. Full thickness cutaneous wound tissues were collected from non-treated, VCO-treated, and silver sulfadiazine (SS)- treated diabetic rats. The tissues were then subjected to Verhoeff eosin staining and immunohistology of fibroblast and myofibroblast. Histological analysis showed increased collagen deposition with intact epidermis in the VCO treated group compared to decreased collagen deposition with damaged epidermis in both non-treated and SS-treated groups. Interestingly, more fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were observed in the non-treated group compared to the VCO- and SS-treated groups. VCO significantly promoted wound healing process in diabetic rats via promoting re-epithelialization, and increasing collagen fibres deposition and wound contraction. The results suggested VCO can be used to treat diabetic wounds.

  10. Fulltext Next-Generation Biomarkers in Multiple Myeloma: Understanding the Molecular Basis for Potential Use in Diagnosis and Prognosis
    Soliman AM, Das S, Teoh SL
    Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Jul 13;22(14).
    PMID: 34299097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147470
    Multiple myeloma (MM) is considered to be the second most common blood malignancy and it is characterized by abnormal proliferation and an accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Although the currently utilized markers in the diagnosis and assessment of MM are showing promising results, the incidence and mortality rate of the disease are still high. Therefore, exploring and developing better diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers have drawn global interest. In the present review, we highlight some of the recently reported and investigated novel biomarkers that have great potentials as diagnostic and/or prognostic tools in MM. These biomarkers include angiogenic markers, miRNAs as well as proteomic and immunological biomarkers. Moreover, we present some of the advanced methodologies that could be utilized in the early and competent diagnosis of MM. The present review also focuses on understanding the molecular concepts and pathways involved in these biomarkers in order to validate and efficiently utilize them. The present review may also help in identifying areas of improvement for better diagnosis and superior outcomes of MM.
  11. Modeling Parkinson's Disease in Zebrafish
    Najib NHM, Nies YH, Abd Halim SAS, Yahaya MF, Das S, Lim WL, et al.
    CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets, 2020;19(5):386-399.
    PMID: 32640968 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200708124117
    Parkinson's Disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders that affects the motor system, and includes cardinal motor symptoms such as resting tremor, cogwheel rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability. Its prevalence is increasing worldwide due to the increase in life span. Although, two centuries since the first description of the disease, no proper cure with regard to treatment strategies and control of symptoms could be reached. One of the major challenges faced by the researchers is to have a suitable research model. Rodents are the most common PD models used, but no single model can replicate the true nature of PD. In this review, we aim to discuss another animal model, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is gaining popularity. Zebrafish brain has all the major structures found in the mammalian brain, with neurotransmitter systems, and it also possesses a functional blood-brain barrier similar to humans. From the perspective of PD research, the zebrafish possesses the ventral diencephalon, which is thought to be homologous to the mammalian substantia nigra. We summarize the various zebrafish models available to study PD, namely chemical-induced and genetic models. The zebrafish can complement the use of other animal models for the mechanistic study of PD and help in the screening of new potential therapeutic compounds.
  12. Fulltext Role of MicroRNA in Proliferation Phase of Wound Healing
    Soliman AM, Das S, Abd Ghafar N, Teoh SL
    Front Genet, 2018;9:38.
    PMID: 29491883 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00038
    Wound healing is a complex biological process that is generally composed of four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The proliferation phase is crucial for effective healing compared to other phases. Many critical events occur during this phase, i.e., migration of fibroblasts, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and wound contraction. Chronic wounds are common and are considered a major public health problem. Therefore, there is the increasing need to discover new therapeutic strategies. MicroRNA (miRNA) research in the field of wound healing is in its early phase, but the knowledge of the recent discoveries is essential for developing effective therapies for the treatment of chronic wounds. In this review, we focused on recently discovered miRNAs which are involved in the proliferation phase of wound healing in the past few years and their role in wound healing.
  13. Fulltext Dietary Acrylamide and the Risks of Developing Cancer: Facts to Ponder
    Kumar J, Das S, Teoh SL
    Front Nutr, 2018;5:14.
    PMID: 29541638 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00014
    Acrylamide (AA) is a water soluble white crystalline solid commonly used in industries. It was listed as an industrial chemical with potential carcinogenic properties. However to date, AA was used to produce polyacrylamide polymer, which was widely used as a coagulant in water treatment; additives during papermaking; grouting material for dams, tunnels, and other underground building constructions. AA in food could be formed during high-temperature cookingviaseveral mechanisms, i.e., formationviaacrylic acid which may be derived from the degradation of lipid, carbohydrates, or free amino acids; formationviathe dehydration/decarboxylation of organic acids (malic acid, lactic acid, and citric acid); and direct formation from amino acids. The big debate is whether this compound is toxic to human beings or not. In the present review, we discuss the formation of AA in food products, its consumption, and possible link to the development of any cancers. We discuss the body enzymatic influence on AA and mechanism of action of AA on hormone, calcium signaling pathways, and cytoskeletal filaments. We also highlight the deleterious effects of AA on nervous system, reproductive system, immune system, and the liver. The present and future mitigation strategies are also discussed. The present review on AA may be beneficial for researchers, food industry, and also medical personnel.
  14. The effects of metallothionein in paraquat-induced Parkinson disease model of zebrafish
    Mohamad Najib NH, Yahaya MF, Das S, Teoh SL
    Int J Neurosci, 2023 Dec;133(8):822-833.
    PMID: 34623211 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1990916
    INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease caused by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Metallothionein has been shown to act as a neuroprotectant in various brain injury. Thus, this study aims to identify the effects of full-length human metallothionein 2 peptide (hMT2) in paraquat-induced brain injury in the zebrafish.

    METHODOLOGY: A total of 80 adult zebrafish were divided into 4 groups namely control, paraquat-treated, pre-hMT2-treated, and post-hMT2-treated groups. Fish were treated with paraquat intraperitoneally every 3 days for 15 days. hMT2 were injected intracranially on day 0 (pre-treated group) and day 16 (post-treated group). Fish were sacrificed on day 22 and the brains were collected for qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry analysis.

    RESULTS: qPCR analysis showed that paraquat treatment down-regulated the expression of genes related to dopamine activity and biosynthesis (dat and th1) and neuroprotective agent (bdnf). Paraquat treatment also up-regulated the expression of the mt2, smtb and proinflammatory genes (il-1α, il-1β, tnf-α and cox-2). hMT2 treatment was able to reverse the effects of paraquat. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the paraquat and pre-hMT2-treated groups. However, lipid peroxidation increased in the post-hMT2-treated group. Paraquat treatment also led to a reduction of dopaminergic neurons while their numbers showed an increase following hMT2 treatment.

    CONCLUSION: Paraquat has been identified as one of the pesticides that can cause the death of dopaminergic neurons and affect dopamine biosynthesis. Treatment with exogenous hMT2 could reverse the effects of paraquat in the zebrafish brain.

  15. Prediction of Anti-Alzheimer's Activity of Flavonoids Targeting Acetylcholinesterase in silico
    Das S, Laskar MA, Sarker SD, Choudhury MD, Choudhury PR, Mitra A, et al.
    Phytochem Anal, 2017 Jul;28(4):324-331.
    PMID: 28168765 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2679
    INTRODUCTION: Prenylated and pyrano-flavonoids of the genus Artocarpus J. R. Forster & G. Forster are well known for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory, anti-cholinergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Some of these compounds have also been shown to be effective against Alzheimer's disease.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of the in silico study was to establish protocols to predict the most effective flavonoid from prenylated and pyrano-flavonoid classes for AChE inhibition linking to the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

    METHODOLOGY: Three flavonoids isolated from Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. were selected for the study. With these compounds, Lipinski filter, ADME/Tox screening, molecular docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) were performed in silico. In vitro activity was evaluated by bioactivity staining based on the Ellman's method.

    RESULTS: In the Lipinski filter and ADME/Tox screening, all test compounds produced positive results, but in the target fishing, only one flavonoid could successfully target AChE. Molecular docking was performed on this flavonoid, and this compound gained the score as -13.5762. From the QSAR analysis the IC50 was found to be 1659.59 nM. Again, 100 derivatives were generated from the parent compound and docking was performed. The derivative compound 20 was the best scorer, i.e. -31.6392 and IC50 was predicted as 6.025 nM.

    CONCLUSION: Results indicated that flavonoids could be efficient inhibitors of AChE and thus, could be useful in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  16. Atlanto-occipital fusion: an osteological study with clinical implications
    Kassim NM, Latiff AA, Das S, Ghafar NA, Suhaimi FH, Othman F, et al.
    Bratisl Lek Listy, 2010;111(10):562-5.
    PMID: 21125803
    Atlanto-occipital fusion may be symptomatic or asymptomatic in nature. The anomaly may be incidentally detected at autopsies or during routine cadaveric dissections. The fusion of the atlas with occipital bone may result in the compression of vertebral artery and first cervical nerve.
  17. Re: Intrarenal and extrarenal autonomic nervous system redefined: A. Lusch, R. Leary, E. Heidari, M. A. Liss, Z. Okhunov, A. Perez-Lanzac De Lorca, J. Huang, J. Wikenheiser and J. Landman. J Urol 2014; 191: 1060-1065
    Das S, Suhaimi FH
    J Urol, 2014 Oct;192(4):1299-300; discussion 1300.
    PMID: 25043648 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.04.100
  18. Fulltext Histological changes in the fracture callus following the administration of water extract of piper sarmentosum (daun kadok) in estrogen-deficient rats
    Estai MA, Soelaiman IN, Shuid AN, Das S, Ali AM, Suhaimi FH
    Iran J Med Sci, 2011 Dec;36(4):281-8.
    PMID: 23115413
    BACKGROUND: The fracture healing is impaired in osteoporosis. Piper sarmentosum is a plant, which contains potent antioxidant, naringenin that may enhance fracture healing. The present histological study aimed to determine the effects of water extract of Piper sarmentosum on the late phase of fracture healing in estrogen-deficient rats.
    METHODS: Twenty four female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 gm) were obtained. Six rats underwent sham operation and the rest were ovariectomized. Six weeks post-ovariectomy all the rats were fractured at the mid-diaphysis of the right femur and a K-wire was inserted for internal fixation. The sham group was given vehicle (normal saline) and the ovariectomized group was randomly subdivided into three groups: (i) ovariectomized-control group supplemented with vehicle; (ii) ovariectomized+estrogen replacement therapy group treated with estrogen (100 µg/kg/day) and (iii) ovariectomized+Piper sarmentosum group treated with Piper sarmentosum water extract (125 mg/kg). Following six weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and the right femora were harvested for histological assessment of fracture callus.
    RESULTS: The ovariectomized-control group showed a significant delay in fracture healing compared to the sham, ovariectomized-estrogen replacement therapy and ovariectomized-Piper sarmentosum groups. The median callus score for the ovariectomized-Piper sarmentosum group was 4.50 (range, 4-5), which was significantly higher than the median callus score 3.50 (range, 3-4) for the ovariectomized-control group (P=0.019). However, there was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the callus score among the sham, ovariectomized-estrogen replacement therapy and ovariectomized-Piper sarmentosum groups groups.
    CONCLUSION: Treatment with water extract of Piper sarmentosum proved beneficial in the fracture healing in estrogen-deficient rats.
    KEYWORDS: Antioxidant; callus; fracture healing; histology; osteoporosis; ovariectomy
  19. Compression neuropathy of the common peroneal nerve secondary to a ganglion cyst
    Yazid Bajuri M, Tan BC, Das S, Hassan S, Subanesh S
    Clin Ter, 2011;162(6):549-52.
    PMID: 22262327
    There are various causes of the common peroneal nerve palsy. However, common peroneal nerve palsy caused by ganglia are uncommon. We hereby present a case of a 55-year-old man with a 1 week history of foot drop and swelling in the region of the right leg. Physical examination and nerve conduction study studies confirmed a diagnosis of common peroneal nerve palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a lobulated, elongated cystic-appearing mass anterior to the head of fibula. Surgical decompression of the nerve with removal of the mass was performed. Surgical pathology reports confirmed the diagnosis of a ganglion cyst. Findings on physical examination, nerve conduction study and MRI results of this interesting case are being discussed. We wish to highlight that even a tumour which is benign and within the nerve sheath can cause compression.
  20. Fulltext Author Correction: Ongoing declines for the world's amphibians in the face of emerging threats
    Luedtke JA, Chanson J, Neam K, Hobin L, Maciel AO, Catenazzi A, et al.
    Nature, 2024 Jan;625(7993):E2.
    PMID: 38040869 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06851-6
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