Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 6651 in total

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  1. Role of schools of public health on maternal and child health programmes in the Asia-Pacific region
    Zulkifli SN, Yun-Low W, Yusof K
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 1998;10(1):10-6.
    PMID: 10050201
    This paper assessed the role of public health schools on maternal and child health programmes in the Asia Pacific region. Economic development and its associated effects, particularly in the ASEAN countries, for example, migrant labour, ageing, environmental health, turbulence and social climate, has a tremendous impact on maternal and child health. Based on these current issues, it is evident that public health schools can play a major role in maternal and child health in terms of policy formulation and programme development. Several areas were proposed as to what schools of public health can do, namely, through networking, communication, research and training.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child Health Services/organization & administration*
  2. Fulltext Population 70 million: a consideration of health aspects
    Zulkifli SN, Yusof K
    Med J Malaysia, 1985 Jun;40(2):62-79.
    PMID: 3834289
    A 70 million population for Malaysia by the year 2010 has been officially targetted for in the Mid-Term Review of the Fourth Malaysia Plan, 1981-1985. In response to this, a preliminary investigation was undertaken into the health aspects of population growth. For this exercise, infant mortality rate was used as the health indicator. From trends seen vis-a-vis population growth, it appears that thus far, population growth has not been associated negatively with health (as measured by IMR). In recognition of the relevance of the medical, economic and education factors to health, trends in Malaysia's population ratio, per capita GNP and rates of school enrolment were also drawn; the selection of these as proxies being based on completeness of time-serial records. Although statistical regressions established the high correlation between medical doctors.population ratio and school enrolment rate with IMR, the limitations in this analysis did not permit any reliable inferences. In view of the difficulties in projections of trends, a comparison of health and related variables was carried out for several countries with high populations as near to 70 million as were available. The characteristics associated with low mortality and high life expectancy (health indices) were identified as low population growth, high literacy and high per capita GNP; this being stated with explicit qualifications. Other determinants of health were also discussed in brief, and the need for careful planning in the distribution of human and material resources was noted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
  3. Nutrition promotion: the role of monitoring physical growth
    Zulkifli SN
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 1992;6(4):210-6.
    PMID: 1345448
    Growth monitoring has been included as one of the basic strategies for child survival. In this paper, the rationale for this is reiterated both for individual as well as population nutritional surveillance. Methods for and approaches to growth monitoring are described. In addition, potential problems in implementing growth monitoring projects and interpreting the results are discussed. Despite its lack of sensitivity and specificity as a diagnostic tool, its advantages in terms of low cost, simplicity, reliability and social acceptability justify its use in nutritional surveillance, particularly in populations at risk of malnutrition.
    Publication year: 1992-1993
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena*; Child, Preschool
  4. Fulltext Blood pressure tracking as an indicator of hypertension risk
    Zulkifli SN
    Singapore Med J, 1992 Oct;33(5):474-7.
    PMID: 1455271
    The significance of high blood pressure to cardio- and cerebrovascular disease is well recognized. The associated mortality and morbidity risks call for multiple approaches to control the development of high blood pressure. Recent studies have shown that precursors of cardiovascular disorders may be apparent from a young age, and that these can persist and contribute to disease in later life. With regard to blood pressure, the phenomenon of persisting at the same rank has been referred to as tracking. This allows for the possible identification of high-risk groups, for whom early intervention can be initiated. In this paper, some of the findings of studies on blood pressure tracking are reviewed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  5. Bisphenol A and its effects on the systemic organs of children
    Zulkifli S, Rahman AA, Kadir SHSA, Nor NSM
    Eur J Pediatr, 2021 Oct;180(10):3111-3127.
    PMID: 33893858 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04085-0
    For the past two decades, growing research has been pointing to multiple repercussions of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to human health. BPA is a synthetic oestrogen which primarily targets the endocrine system; however, the compound also disturbs other systemic organ functions, in which the magnitude of impacts in those other systems is as comparable to those in the endocrine system. To date, the discoveries on the association between BPA and health outcomes mainly came from animal and in vitro studies, with limited human studies which emphasised on children's health. In this comprehensive review, we summarised studies on human, in vivo and in vitro models to understand the consequences of pre-, post- and perinatal BPA exposure on the perinatal, children and adult health, encompassing cardiovascular, neurodevelopmental, endocrine and reproductive effects.Conclusion: Evidence from in vitro and animal studies may provide further support and better understanding on the correlation between environmental BPA exposure and its detrimental effects in humans and child development, despite the difficulties to draw direct causal relations of BPA effects on the pathophysiology of the diseases/syndromes in children, due to differences in body system complexity between children and adults, as well as between animal and in vitro models and humans. What is known: • Very limited reviews are available on how BPA adversely affects children's health. • Previous papers mainly covered two systems in children. What is new: • Comprehensive review on the detrimental effects of BPA on children health outcomes, including expectations on adult health outcomes following perinatal BPA exposure, as well as covering a small part of BPA alternatives. • Essentially, BPA exposure during pregnancy has huge impacts on the foetus in which it may cause changes in foetal epigenetic programming, resulting in disease onsets during childhood as well as adulthood.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  6. Fulltext The nutritional status of children in resettlement villages in Kelantan
    Zulkifli A, Khairul Anuar A, Atiya AS
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1999 Mar;30(1):122-8.
    PMID: 10695800
    A cross-sectional survey of the nutritional status of children aged 1-10 years old from the Kuala Betis resettlement villages was carried out. A total of 620 children were examined, of which 329 were preschool children and 291 were schoolchildren. The age was determined and anthropometric measurements such as weight, height and MUAC were taken. The nutritional status was assessed by looking at the distributions of the z-scores of weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ) in relation to the growth charts of the National Center for Health Statistics reference population. It was found that the nutritional status of the Orang Asli children was poor, with a prevalence of 33.7-65.3% underweight, 55.3-74.4% stunting and 4.4-29.7% wasting based on the NCHS reference values. The prevalence of malnutrition among the Malay children was lower, underweight--7.3-34.1%, stunting--9.8-34.1% and wasting--1.7-17.1%. The nutritional status of the Orang Asli children were poorer compared to the Malay children. More preschool Orang Asli children were stunted compared to the Orang Asli schoolchildren. This may be due to the poor economic base of the Orang Asli community during the transformation period after resettlement. A comprehensive primary health care program is essential, especially targeting the preschool Orang Asli children in these resettlement villages.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena*; Child, Preschool; Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis*; Child Nutrition Disorders/ethnology; Child Nutrition Disorders/etiology; Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology*; Child Nutrition Disorders/prevention & control
  7. The prevalence of malnutrition and geo-helminth infections among primary schoolchildren in rural Kelantan
    Zulkifli A, Anuar AK, Atiya AS, Yano A
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2000 Jun;31(2):339-45.
    PMID: 11127336
    A cross-sectional study of the nutritional status of schoolchildren aged 7-10 years from the Kuala Betis Resettlement Scheme in Gua Musang, Kelantan was done. A total of 291 schoolchildren were examined but only 183 (62.9%) fecal samples were returned for geo-helminth infection analysis. The prevalence of stunting was 40.4% and underweight was 28.4%. A total of 127 schoolchildren (69.4%) were positive for at least one of the 3 geo-helminth infections. The most common geo-helminth was Ascaris lumbricoides (62.8%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (38.9%), and hookworm infection was relatively low (12.6%). All the anthropometric indices measured were lower in the geo-helminth infected children compared to the uninfected childen, except for the weight-for-height z-score. However the differences were insignificant Geo-helminth infections may not be a significant factor in malnutrition of these schoolchildren. However, with the availability of safe, efficacious and cheap broad spectrum anthelmintics, regular mass treatment should be given in selected areas where the prevalence of geo-helminth infections is still high, so that these schoolchildren will be able to achieve their growth potential during their school years.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  8. Fulltext The prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among pre-school children in Orang Asli resettlement villages in Kelantan
    Zulkifli A, Khairul AA, Atiya AS, Abdullah B, Yano A
    Med J Malaysia, 1999 Dec;54(4):453-8.
    PMID: 11072462
    A study of the prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among pre-school children aged 0 to 7 years from an Orang Asli village resettlement scheme in Gua Musang, Kelantan was undertaken. The overall prevalence of soil transmitted helminthic (STH) infections was 56.0%. The predominant helminth found was Ascaris lumbricoides while the commonest type of infection was a mixed infection with Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura. The prevalence rates of Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm infections were 47.5%, 33.9% and 6.2% respectively. The intensity of Ascaris infections were 64.5% light, 27.3% moderate and 8.3% heavy whilst the intensity of Trichuris infections were 80.5% light, 18.3% moderate and 1.2% heavy. However, the intensity of hookworm infections were 86.7% light, 13.3% moderate and no heavy infection. The prevalence of helminthiasis (STH) shows an-age dependent relationship, with the lowest prevalence in 0-< 1 year age group and highest in the 6-< 7 year age group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
  9. Fulltext Radiological changes in bronchial asthma
    Zulkifli A, Kamal AA
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Dec;35(2):164-5.
    PMID: 7266412
    This study was proposed to identify specific radiological appearances in Malaysian patients with bronchial asthma. All consecutive patients, seen in the Medical Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia between 1976 and 1979, satisfying the American Thoracic Society [1962] criteria for bronchial asthma formed the subjects of this study. Analysis of 207 patients led to the following conclusion. There are specific radiological changes present in a proportion of bronchial asthmatics during the acute episode. These changes are more frequent in the younger age group and in those in which the age of onset are early, The duration of asthma seems to have some bearing to the radiological changes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
  10. Experience with skin reactions to various allergens in bronchial asthma
    Zulkifli A, Weng CK
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Dec;34(2):153-5.
    PMID: 548718
    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  11. Identification of trigger mechanisms in bronchial asthma
    Zulkifli A, Hwa NW, Chelvam P
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Dec;34(2):156-8.
    PMID: 548719
    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  12. Diseases associated with extreme elevation of ESR
    Zulkifli A, Ng WH, Chelvam P, Pillay RP
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Sep;34(1):55-6.
    PMID: 317347
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
  13. Malnutrition and helminth infection among pre-school children in orang asli resettlement villages in Kelantan
    Zulkifli A, Khairul Anuar A, Atiya AS, Yano A
    JUMMEC, 1999;4:99-103.
    A survey of malnutrition and helminth infections among 268 pre-school children living in the Kuala Betis Orang Asli resttlement villages in Kelantan. The prevalence of helminth infections was 47.4% with Ascaris lumbricoides being the most common helminth (43.9%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (29.7%) and hookworm (6.3%). The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections increased with age, with the highest prevalence found in the 6-7 years age group. The overall prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting were 61.7%, 60.4% and 17.5% respectively. Both stunting and underweight were significantly higher among the infected children. Factors associated with helminth infections in the pre-school children were older age group, poor water supply and households with more than 5 members. Rountine regular deworming is recommended based on the World Health Organisation recommendations for school children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  14. Fulltext Management of otitis media with effusion in children
    Zulkiflee S, Siti Sabzah MH, Philip R, Md Aminuddin MY
    Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(2):32-35.
    PMID: 25606279 MyJurnal
    Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a condition characterised by a collection of fluid within the middle ear without signs of acute inflammation. It is common in young children, with a bimodal peak at two and five years of age. Eighty percent of children have at least one episode of OME by the age of 10 years. This disease is a common ear problem among children with craniofacial anomalies including cleft palate and Down syndrome (DS).

    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  15. Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction following ABO-mismatched platelet transfusion: Two case reports
    Zulkeflee RH, Hassan MN, Hassan R, Saidin NIS, Zulkafli Z, Ramli M, et al.
    Transfus Apher Sci, 2023 Jun;62(3):103658.
    PMID: 36805153 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103658
    Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction following ABO-incompatible platelet transfusion: two case reports An ideal platelet transfusion should provide ABO identical platelet concentrate, and cross match compatibility is not routinely performed in the standard practices. However, ABO non identical platelet transfusions are not uncommon with the limited resources and short shelf life of platelet concentrate. Though rare, acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) may occur following minor ABO-incompatible platelet transfusion. Here, we report two cases of thrombocytopenic patients (one child and one adult) type as Group B RhD positive and received Group O RhD positive platelet transfusions. Both patients experienced an AHTR evidenced by a drop in hemoglobin level, spherocytosis and small agglutinations on the blood film, and positive direct Coombs test. They were treated symptomatically, recovered and discharged well post-event without any morbidity. No anti-B isohemagglutinins titer were done to confirm the high titer of the antibody in the platelet donors. Our cases highlighted the importance of ABO-compatible platelet transfusion, especially to children and those vigilant groups of patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child
  16. Fulltext Evaluation Study of Intraoperative Cytology Smear and Frozen Section of Glioma
    Zulkarnain S, Yunus N, Kandasamy R, Zun AB, Mat Zin AA
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2020 Oct 01;21(10):3085-3091.
    PMID: 33112571 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.10.3085
    OBJECTIVE: Glioma is the commonest primary malignant brain tumour. Diagnosis is made based on cytology smear, frozen section and histopathological examination. Intraoperative pathological diagnosis using either cytology smear, frozen section or combination of both, plays a crucial role in patient's future management and prognosis. This study aims to determine the accuracy of cytology smear and frozen section in glioma, and to compare the difference between both techniques.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 22 cases of glioma diagnosed intraoperatively from January 2013 until August 2019 in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The selected tissues were processed for cytology smear and frozen section. The remaining tissues were proceeded for paraffin section. The diagnosis was categorized as either low-grade or high-grade glioma based on cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic count, microvascular proliferation and necrosis. The sensitivity and specificity of frozen section and cytology smears were determined based on paraffin section being as the gold standard. The accuracy of both techniques was compared using statistical analysis.

    RESULTS: The overall sensitivity and specificity of cytology smear were 100% and 76.9%, respectively. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of frozen section were 100% and 84.6%. There was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy between cytology smear and frozen section in glioma (p>0.05).

    CONCLUSION: Cytology smears provides an alternative method for frozen section due to good cellularity and morphology on smear. Cytology smear is rapid, inexpensive, small amount of tissue requirement and less technical demand. This finding may benefit to the hospital or treatment centres where frozen section facility is unavailable.

    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
  17. Fulltext Extreme Thrombocytosis in a Child: Laboratory Approaches and Diagnostic Challenges
    Zulkafli Z, Janaveloo T, Wan Ab Rahman WS, Hassan MN, Abdullah WZ
    Oman Med J, 2019 Jul;34(4):336-340.
    PMID: 31360323 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.65
    Thrombocytosis in children as well as in adult is defined as platelet count ≥ 450 × 109/L, and it is usually a reactive feature to various medical disorders. However, extreme thrombocytosis (platelet count ≥ 1000 × 109/L) is an uncommon finding among pediatric and adult patients, which may indicate more than a reactive phenomenon. We describe a case of a five-year-old boy who was admitted due to recurrent epistaxis. He had no history of allergic tendency or trauma. Physical examination was unremarkable except for shotty neck nodes. Laboratory results at presentation showed normal hemoglobin and total leukocyte count with eosinophilia (0.92 × 109/L), and extreme thrombocytosis. Other relevant investigations including coagulation profile, serum ferritin, liver, and renal function tests were all within normal ranges. Stool samples for ova and cysts were negative. The peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspirate confirmed thrombocytosis with increased megakaryocytic proliferation and no artefactual reasons for the high platelets such as red blood cell fragments. Different causes of thrombocytosis in childhood were investigated after considering the possible differential diagnoses for extreme thrombocytosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
  18. Fulltext Pneumatic reduction of intussusception using equipment readily available in the hospital
    Zulfiqar MA, Noryati M, Hamzaini AH, Thambidorai CR
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):199-203.
    PMID: 16898311 MyJurnal
    The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pneumatic reduction of intussusception using equipment readily available in the hospital. Twenty-two children aged between four months and four years had pneumatic reduction of intussusception. The device used was assembled using (i) a hand-held pump attached to a pressure gauge, and (ii) a 3-way Foley's balloon catheter. There was a 73% success rate and there were no complications. The device used was effective and safe for the pneumatic reduction of intussusception.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child, Preschool
  19. Fulltext Tumoral cystitis in children
    Zulfiqar MA, Zaleha AM, Zulkifli I, Chia WY, Samad SA
    Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53(3):284-7.
    PMID: 10968168
    Three children aged 3-11 years had ultrasonography of the urinary tract for the investigation of dysuria and haematuria. A bladder mass was seen in these 3 children. One child had computed tomography scan, cystoscopy and bladder biopsy because rhabdomyosarcoma was considered. The biopsy revealed an inflammatory process. The urine culture of the other 2 children revealed E. coli. On ultrasonography, the inflammatory mass may appear homogeneously hypoechoic or may contain moderate level echoes. The mucosal surface of the mass may be smooth or lobulated. It is important to consider an infective cause for a bladder mass in children because computed tomography, cystoscopy and biopsy may be avoided.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
  20. Fulltext Computed tomography (CT) of orbital pseudotumour
    Zulfiqar A, Abdul-Samad S, Alias D, Norizan A
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):160-5.
    PMID: 8350791
    Orbital pseudotumour is a non-specific inflammatory disease. Its highly variable clinical and radiographic presentation makes specific diagnosis difficult. This study on 31 proven cases of pseudotumour shows that unilateral involvement, retroorbital fat infiltration and enlargement of multiple extraocular muscles with involvement of the tendinous insertions are key computed tomography CT features which help to establish the diagnosis of orbital pseudotumour.
    Matched MeSH terms: Child; Child, Preschool
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