Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 231 in total

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  1. Safety assessment of methanol extract of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus): acute and subchronic toxicity studies
    Hor SY, Ahmad M, Farsi E, Yam MF, Hashim MA, Lim CP, et al.
    Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 2012 Jun;63(1):106-14.
    PMID: 22440551 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.03.006
    Recently, the fruits of Hylocereus polyrhizus, known as red dragon fruit, have received much attention from growers worldwide. However, there is little toxicological information regarding the safety of repeated exposure to these fruits. The present study evaluated the potential toxicity of a methanol extract of H. polyrhizus fruit after acute and subchronic administration in rats. In the acute toxicity study, single doses of fruit extract (1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg) were administered to rats by oral gavage, and the rats were then monitored for 14 days. In the subchronic toxicity study, the fruit extract was administered orally to rats at doses of 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg/day for 28 days. There was no mortality or signs of acute or subchronic toxicity. There was no significant difference in body weight, relative organ weight or hematological parameters in the subchronic toxicity study. Biochemical analysis showed some significant changes, including creatinine, globulin, total protein and urea levels. No abnormality of internal organs was observed between treatment and control groups. The lethal oral dose of the fruit extract is more than 5000 mg/kg and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of the extract for both male and female rats is considered to be 5000 mg/kg per day for 28 days.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Globulins/analysis
  2. Fulltext Characterization and Separation Performance of a Novel Polyethersulfone Membrane Blended with Acacia Gum
    Manawi Y, Kochkodan V, Mahmoudi E, Johnson DJ, Mohammad AW, Atieh MA
    Sci Rep, 2017 Nov 20;7(1):15831.
    PMID: 29158521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14735-9
    Novel polyethersulfone (PES) membranes blended with 0.1-3.0 wt. % of Acacia gum (AG) as a pore-former and antifouling agent were fabricated using phase inversion technique. The effect of AG on the pore-size, porosity, surface morphology, surface charge, hydrophilicity, and mechanical properties of PES/AG membranes was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, contact angle and zeta potential measurements. The antifouling -properties of PES/AG membranes were evaluated using Escherichia coli bacteria and bovine serum albumine (BSA). The use of AG as an additive to PES membranes was found to increase the surface charge, hydrophilicity (by 20%), porosity (by 77%) and permeate flux (by about 130%). Moreover, PES/AG membranes demonstrated higher antifouling and tensile stress (by 31%) when compared to pure PES membranes. It was shown that the prepared PES/AG membranes efficiently removed lead ions from aqueous solutions. Both the sieving mechanism of the membrane and chelation of lead with AG macromolecules incorporated in the membrane matrix contributed to lead removal. The obtained results indicated that AG can be used as a novel pore-former, hydrophilizing and antifouling agent, as well as an enhancer to the mechanical and rejection properties of the PES membranes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin, Bovine
  3. Fulltext Spectrofluorometric and molecular docking studies on the binding of curcumenol and curcumenone to human serum albumin
    Hamdi OA, Feroz SR, Shilpi JA, Anouar el H, Mukarram AK, Mohamad SB, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2015;16(3):5180-93.
    PMID: 25756376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035180
    Curcumenol and curcumenone are two major constituents of the plants of medicinally important genus of Curcuma, and often govern the pharmacological effect of these plant extracts. These two compounds, isolated from C. zedoaria rhizomes were studied for their binding to human serum albumin (HSA) using the fluorescence quench titration method. Molecular docking was also performed to get a more detailed insight into their interaction with HSA at the binding site. Additions of these sesquiterpenes to HSA produced significant fluorescence quenching and blue shifts in the emission spectra of HSA. Analysis of the fluorescence data pointed toward moderate binding affinity between the ligands and HSA, with curcumenone showing a relatively higher binding constant (2.46 × 105 M-1) in comparison to curcumenol (1.97 × 104 M-1). Cluster analyses revealed that site I is the preferred binding site for both molecules with a minimum binding energy of -6.77 kcal·mol-1. However, binding of these two molecules to site II cannot be ruled out as the binding energies were found to be -5.72 and -5.74 kcal·mol-1 for curcumenol and curcumenone, respectively. The interactions of both ligands with HSA involved hydrophobic interactions as well as hydrogen bonding.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin/metabolism*; Serum Albumin/chemistry
  4. Development and partial characterization of new marine cell line from brain of Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer for virus isolation
    Hasoon MF, Daud HM, Abdullah AA, Arshad SS, Bejo HM
    In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, 2011 Jan;47(1):16-25.
    PMID: 21082288 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-010-9348-5
    A new cell line, Asian sea bass brain (ASBB), was derived from the brain tissue of Asian sea bass Lates calcarifer. This cell line was maintained in Leibovitz L-15 media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The ASBB cell line was subcultured more than 60 times over a period of 15 mo. The ASBB cell line consists predominantly of fibroblastic-like cells and was able to grow at temperatures between 20°C and 30°C with an optimum temperature of 25°C. The growth rate of these cells increased as the proportion of FBS increased from 2% to 20% at 25°C with optimum growth at the concentrations of 10% or 15% FBS. Polymerase chain reaction products were obtained from ASBB cells and tissues of sea bass with primer sets of microsatellite markers of sea bass. An isolate of piscine nodavirus from juveniles of marine fish species tested positive by IQ2000 kit for viral nervous necrosis detection and was examined for its infectivity to a fish cell line of ASBB. A marine fish betanodavirus was tested to determine the susceptibility of this new cell line in comparison with commercial highly permissive SSN-1 cells. The ASBB cell line was found to be susceptible to nodavirus (RGNNV genotype), and the infection was confirmed by comparison cytopathic effect (CPE) with commercial SSN-1 and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. A nodavirus was further elucidated by electron microscopy, and the virus tested was shown to induce CPE on ASBB cells with significant high titer. This suggests that the ASBB cell line has good potential for the isolation of fish viruses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin, Bovine; Culture Media, Serum-Free
  5. Fulltext Proteomic Signature of Dysfunctional Circulating Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells of Young Adults
    Tan CMJ, Lewandowski AJ, Williamson W, Huckstep OJ, Yu GZ, Fischer R, et al.
    J Am Heart Assoc, 2021 Aug 03;10(15):e021119.
    PMID: 34275329 DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.121.021119
    Background A subpopulation of endothelial progenitor cells called endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) may offer a platform for cellular assessment in clinical studies because of their remarkable angiogenic and expansion potentials in vitro. Despite endothelial cell function being influenced by cardiovascular risk factors, no studies have yet provided a comprehensive proteomic profile to distinguish functional (ie, more angiogenic and expansive cells) versus dysfunctional circulating ECFCs of young adults. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed proteomic comparison between functional and dysfunctional ECFCs. Methods and Results Peripheral blood ECFCs were isolated from 11 subjects (45% men, aged 27±5 years) using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. ECFCs expressed endothelial and progenitor surface markers and displayed cobblestone-patterned morphology with clonal and angiogenic capacities in vitro. ECFCs were deemed dysfunctional if <1 closed tube formed during the in vitro tube formation assay and proliferation rate was <20%. Hierarchical functional clustering revealed distinct ECFC proteomic signatures between functional and dysfunctional ECFCs with changes in cellular mechanisms involved in exocytosis, vesicle transport, extracellular matrix organization, cell metabolism, and apoptosis. Targeted antiangiogenic proteins in dysfunctional ECFCs included SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine), CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36), LUM (lumican), and PTX3 (pentraxin-related protein PYX3). Conclusions Circulating ECFCs with impaired angiogenesis and expansion capacities have a distinct proteomic profile and significant phenotype changes compared with highly angiogenic endothelial cells. Impaired angiogenesis in dysfunctional ECFCs may underlie the link between endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risks in young adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Amyloid P-Component/analysis
  6. Human platelet lysate permits scale-up of dental pulp stromal cells for clinical applications
    Govindasamy V, Ronald VS, Abdullah AN, Ganesan Nathan KR, Aziz ZA, Abdullah M, et al.
    Cytotherapy, 2011 Nov;13(10):1221-33.
    PMID: 21929379 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2011.602337
    BACKGROUND AIMS. Dental pulp stromal cells (DPSC) are considered to be a promising source of stem cells in the field of regenerative therapy. However, the usage of DPSC in transplantation requires large-scale expansion to cater for the need for clinical quantity without compromising current good manufacturing practice (cGMP). Existing protocols for cell culturing make use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a nutritional supplement. Unfortunately, FBS is an undesirable additive to cells because it carries the risk of transmitting viral and prion diseases. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the efficacy of human platelet lysate (HPL) as a substitute for FBS in a large-scale set-up. METHODS. We expanded the DPSC in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium-knock-out (DMEM-KO) with either 10% FBS or 10% HPL, and studied the characteristics of DPSC at pre- (T25 culture flask) and post- (5-STACK chamber) large-scale expansion in terms of their identity, quality, functionality, molecular signatures and cytogenetic stability. RESULTS. In both pre- and post-large-scale expansion, DPSC expanded in HPL showed extensive proliferation of cells (c. 2-fold) compared with FBS; the purity, immune phenotype, colony-forming unit potential and differentiation were comparable. Furthermore, to understand the gene expression profiling, the transcriptomes and cytogenetics of DPSC expanded under HPL and FBS were compared, revealing similar expression profiles. CONCLUSIONS. We present a highly economized expansion of DPSC in HPL, yielding double the amount of cells while retaining their basic characteristics during a shorter time period under cGMP conditions, making it suitable for therapeutic applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Culture Media, Serum-Free/pharmacology*; Culture Media, Serum-Free/chemistry; Serum/metabolism
  7. A dual-application poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)-chitosan composite scaffold for potential use in bone tissue engineering
    Boukari Y, Qutachi O, Scurr DJ, Morris AP, Doughty SW, Billa N
    J Biomater Sci Polym Ed, 2017 Nov;28(16):1966-1983.
    PMID: 28777694 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1364100
    The development of patient-friendly alternatives to bone-graft procedures is the driving force for new frontiers in bone tissue engineering. Poly (dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and chitosan are well-studied and easy-to-process polymers from which scaffolds can be fabricated. In this study, a novel dual-application scaffold system was formulated from porous PLGA and protein-loaded PLGA/chitosan microspheres. Physicochemical and in vitro protein release attributes were established. The therapeutic relevance, cytocompatibility with primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and osteogenic properties were tested. There was a significant reduction in burst release from the composite PLGA/chitosan microspheres compared with PLGA alone. Scaffolds sintered from porous microspheres at 37 °C were significantly stronger than the PLGA control, with compressive strengths of 0.846 ± 0.272 MPa and 0.406 ± 0.265 MPa, respectively (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin, Bovine/metabolism
  8. Reinforcement of calcium phosphate cement with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bovine serum albumin for injectable bone substitute applications
    Chew KK, Low KL, Sharif Zein SH, McPhail DS, Gerhardt LC, Roether JA, et al.
    J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2011 Apr;4(3):331-9.
    PMID: 21316621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2010.10.013
    This paper presents the development of novel alternative injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) composites for orthopaedic applications. The new CPC composites comprise β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) and di-calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) mixed with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and incorporated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTs-OH and MWCNTs-COOH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), compressive strength tests, injectability tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to evaluate the properties of the final products. Compressive strength tests and SEM observations demonstrated particularly that the concomitant admixture of BSA and MWCNT improved the mechanical properties, resulting in stronger CPC composites. The presence of MWCNTs and BSA influenced the morphology of the hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals in the CPC matrix. BSA was found to act as a promoter of HA growth when bounded to the surface of CPC grains. MWCNT-OH-containing composites exhibited the highest compressive strengths (16.3 MPa), being in the range of values for trabecular bone (2-12 MPa).
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin, Bovine/chemistry*
  9. Food taboos among the Orang Asli in West Malaysia: a potential nutritional hazard
    Bolton JM
    Am J Clin Nutr, 1972 Aug;25(8):789-99.
    PMID: 5046724
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin/metabolism
  10. Fulltext Inhibition of Egr1 expression underlies the anti-mitogenic effects of cAMP in vascular smooth muscle cells
    Kimura TE, Duggirala A, Hindmarch CC, Hewer RC, Cui MZ, Newby AC, et al.
    J Mol Cell Cardiol, 2014 Jul;72(100):9-19.
    PMID: 24534707 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.02.001
    AIMS: Cyclic AMP inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation which is important in the aetiology of numerous vascular diseases. The anti-mitogenic properties of cAMP in VSMC are dependent on activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC), but the mechanisms are unclear.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: Selective agonists of PKA and EPAC synergistically inhibited Egr1 expression, which was essential for VSMC proliferation. Forskolin, adenosine, A2B receptor agonist BAY60-6583 and Cicaprost also inhibited Egr1 expression in VSMC but not in endothelial cells. Inhibition of Egr1 by cAMP was independent of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) activity but dependent on inhibition of serum response element (SRE) activity. SRF binding to the Egr1 promoter was not modulated by cAMP stimulation. However, Egr1 expression was dependent on the SRF co-factors Elk1 and 4 but independent of MAL. Inhibition of SRE-dependent Egr1 expression was due to synergistic inhibition of Rac1 activity by PKA and EPAC, resulting in rapid cytoskeleton remodelling and nuclear export of ERK1/2. This was associated with de-phosphorylation of the SRF co-factor Elk1.

    CONCLUSION: cAMP inhibits VSMC proliferation by rapidly inhibiting Egr1 expression. This occurs, at least in part, via inhibition of Rac1 activity leading to rapid actin-cytoskeleton remodelling, nuclear export of ERK1/2, impaired Elk1-phosphorylation and inhibition of SRE activity. This identifies one of the earliest mechanisms underlying the anti-mitogenic effects of cAMP in VSMC but not in endothelial cells, making it an attractive target for selective inhibition of VSMC proliferation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Response Factor/genetics; Serum Response Factor/metabolism
  11. Surfactant protein A and stable microbubble formation in tracheal aspirates
    Cheong KB, Cheong SK, Boo NY
    Malays J Pathol, 1996 Dec;18(2):101-5.
    PMID: 10879230
    This study aimed to determine the role of surfactant protein A (SP-A) in the formation of stable microbubble in tracheal aspirates. Our results showed that as the concentration of anti SP-A antibodies added to tracheal aspirate specimens increased, the number of stable microbubble formed in the specimen decreased. The correlation between stable microbubble counts and the SP-A levels in the tracheal aspirates was good, r = 0.85, p < 0.05. This study suggests that SP-A plays an important role in stable microbubble formation. Measurement of small stable microbubbles is thus a useful bedside test for predicting the SP-A activity in the tracheal aspirates and in indirect measurement of lung maturity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin, Bovine/metabolism
  12. Determinants of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Malaysian HIV-infected patients
    Ismail I, Bulgiba A
    Prev Med, 2013;57 Suppl:S27-30.
    PMID: 23295172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.12.023
    To determine predictors of unsuccessful treatment in HIV-infected tuberculosis (TB) patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin/analysis
  13. A practical scheme for the estimation of serum total protein and albumin
    Kua See Lai, Chew Yin La, De Witt GF, Buttery JE
    Med J Malaysia, 1973 Dec;28(2):115-7.
    PMID: 4276227
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin/analysis*
  14. Fulltext Tear proteomics in young Malays with dry eyes
    Mohd Ali, B., Nguan, D.K.C., Bashirah, I., Chan, K.M.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2013;12(2):39-43.
    MyJurnal
    Changes in tear protein concentrations may reflect ocular surface health. This study analyzes changes in tear protein concentrations of young Malays with dry eye (DE) and determines its association with the clinical findings. Methods: Subjects were screened using McMonnies questionnaire (MDEQ) and flourescein tear break up time (TBUT). Total tear protein concentration (TTPC) was determined using Bradford's technique and specific tear protein (sIgA, lysozyme, lactoferrin and human serum albumin (HSA)) concentrations were determined using SDS-PAGE. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to compare means between groups. Spearman correlation was used to determine the association between variables measured. Results: A total of 42 subjects (21 DE and 21 NDE) were included. Mean MDEQ score for DE was 16.00±1.48 and NDE was 8.47±3.47. Mean TBUT for DE was 3.47±0.47s and NDE was 4.98±0.43s. Mean TTPC for DE and NDE was 9.84±2.40mg/ml and 8.96±1.84mg/ml respectively. Mean sIgA, lysozyme, lactoferrin and HSA for DE was 0.54±0.10mg/ml, 1.68±0.17mg/ml, 1.47±0.25mg/ml, 0.06±0.03mg/ml and for NDE was 0.57±0.09mg/ml, 2.04±0.19mg/ml, 1.75±0.23mg/ml, 0.06±0.03mg/ml accordingly. Significant differences were noted in MDEQ score (p=0.01), TBUT (p=0.01), lactoferrin (p=0.01) and lysozyme (p=0.01) but not in TTPC (p=0.19), HSA (p=0.74) and sIgA (p=0.24) between groups. Significant correlations were noted between TBUT with lactoferrin (r=0.02, p=0.02) and lysozyme (r=0.63, p=0.01) and between MDEQ score with lactoferrin (r=-0.34, p=0.02) and lysozyme (r=-0.64, p=0.01). Conclusions: There are changes in specific tear protein in dry eye patients, which correlate well with clinical results. Tear protein analysis may play an important role in the diagnosis of the dry eye.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin
  15. Studies of the chemical composition of a healing skin wound in rats, and of the concentrations of some constituents of tissues distant from the healing wound
    Candlish J, Chandra N
    Biochem. J., 1967 Mar;102(3):767-73.
    PMID: 16742493
    1. A skin lesion was made in rats by dorsal incision and the insertion of a polythene tube. 2. Over a period of 25 days after wounding, assays were performed for ascorbic acid, DNA, hydroxyproline, methionine, tryptophan, tyrosine and free amino acids in the lesion tissue. 3. The neutral-salt-soluble proteins of the lesion tissue were fractionated on DEAE-Sephadex, with the separation of fibrinogen and gamma-globulin from a serum protein fraction. 4. Over a period of 20 days after wounding, in wounded rats and in controls, assays were conducted for: ascorbic acid in lens and liver, hydroxyproline, soluble protein, methionine and water in muscle and tendon, and free amino acids in muscle. 5. Relative to controls there was a decrease in lens and liver ascorbic acid, a rise in tendon hydroxyproline, a rise in muscle free amino acids, a fall in muscle protein and a rise in tendon and muscle water.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin; Serum Globulins
  16. Fulltext Serum from Nipah Virus Patients Recognises Recombinant Viral Proteins Produced in Escherichia coli
    Tiong V, Lam CW, Phoon WH, AbuBakar S, Chang LY
    Jpn J Infect Dis, 2017 Jan 24;70(1):26-31.
    PMID: 27169942 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2015.501
    The genes for Nipah virus (NiV) proteins were amplified from viral RNA, cloned into the plasmid pTriEx-3 Hygro, expressed, and purified using immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The recombinant N, F, and G NiV proteins (rNiV-N, rNiV-F, and rNiV-G), were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and purified with a yield of 4, 16, and 4 mg/L, respectively. All 3 recombinant viral proteins reacted with all 19 samples of NiV-positive human sera. The rNiV-N and rNiV-G proteins were the most immunogenic. The recombinant viral proteins did not react with any of the 12 NiV-negative sera. However, serum from a patient with a late-onset relapsing NiV infection complication was found to be primarily reactive to rNiV-G only. Additionally, there is a distinctive variation in the profile of antigen-reactive bands between the sample from a case of relapsing NiV encephalitis and that of acute NiV infection. The overall findings of this study suggest that the recombinant viral proteins have the potential to be developed further for use in the detection of NiV infection, and continuous biosurveillance of NiV infection in resource-limited settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum/immunology
  17. Removal of protein wastes by cylinder-shaped NaY zeolite adsorbents decorated with heavy metal wastes
    Cheng TH, Sankaran R, Show PL, Ooi CW, Liu BL, Chai WS, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2021 Aug 31;185:761-772.
    PMID: 34216668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.177
    Cylinder-shaped NaY zeolite was used as an adsorbent for eradicating both heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, and Co2+) and proteins from the waste streams. As a pseudo-metal ion affinity adsorbent, NaY zeolite was used in the capture of heavy metal ions in the first stage. The amount (molar basis) of metal ions adsorbed onto NaY zeolite decreased in the order of Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Co2+ > Ni2+. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was utilized as a model of proteins used in the waste adsorption process by NaY zeolite. The adsorption capacities of NaY zeolite and Cu/NaY zeolite for BSA were 14.90 mg BSA/g zeolite and 84.61 mg BSA/g zeolite, respectively. Moreover, Cu/NaY zeolite was highly stable in the solutions made of 2 M NaCl, 500 mM imidazole or 125 mM EDTA solutions. These conditions indicated that the minimal probability of secondary contamination caused by metal ions and soluble proteins in the waste stream. This study demonstrates the potential of Cu/NaY zeolite complex as an efficient pseudo-metal chelate adsorbent that could remove metal ions and water-soluble proteins from wastewater concurrently.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum Albumin, Bovine/analysis*
  18. Foetal and maternal outcomes in hyperuricaemia pre-eclampsia patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Jummaat F, Adnan AS, Ab Hamid SA, Hor JN, Nik Mustofar NN, Muhammad Asri NA, et al.
    J Obstet Gynaecol, 2021 Jan;41(1):38-43.
    PMID: 33124936 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2019.1679731
    Preeclampsia patients have frequently been found to experience hyperuricaemia and this may result in poor outcomes compared to those with normal uric acid levels. This study aimed to determine the relationship of hyperuricaemia in pre-eclampsia patients with foetal and maternal outcomes. This prospective cohort study involved 79 patients in a tertiary centre from year 2016 to 2018. Blood samples were taken antenatally and at the 6th week, post-delivery for renal function including serum uric acid level. Our findings indicate that there was a higher incidence of poor maternal and foetal outcomes in the hyperuricaemia group than the normal uric acid group. Serum uric acid has been shown to be a significant predictor for low birth weight and premature delivery in preeclampsia patients. It was also found that there was a significant negative correlation between uric acid level and antenatal creatinine clearance (rs = -0.338, p = .002). The assessment of the serum uric acid level seems to be important to ensure better outcomes in patients with preeclampsia.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy-related complication and remains as one of the most important cause of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality, affecting 2-8% in all pregnancy. Many studies have established the association between hyperuricaemia and preeclampsia. Besides, numerous studies have found that hyperuricaemia contributed to adverse maternal and foetal outcomes.What the results of this study add? There was a significant increase in adverse foetal and maternal outcomes in the hyperuricaemia group compared to the normal uric acid group. This study revealed that serum uric acid remains a significant predictor for low birth weight and premature delivery in preeclampsia patients.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Hyperuricaemia does not merely become an indicator for the severity of disease in preeclampsia patients but also indicates adverse foetal outcomes. Large population-based studies are required to establish the absolute maternal and foetal outcomes in patients with hyperuricaemia. Besides, further studies are recommended on long-term implication of hyperuricaemia which is not limited to only during antenatal period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Serum Screening Tests
  19. High occurrence of in vitro apoptosis of lymphocytes induced by serum from systemic lupus erythematosus patients is associated with increased serum levels of anti-C1q autoantibodies
    Hasan SI, Mohd Ashari NS, Mohd Daud K, Che Husin CM
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2013 Aug;16(4):430-6.
    PMID: 23992264 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.12062
    BACKGROUND: The ethiopathogenesis of increased apoptosis of lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still incompletely understood but anti-C1q autoantibodies have been shown to induce apoptosis in lymphocytes from healthy donors and certain cell lines.
    AIM: This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between peripheral lymphocyte apoptosis and serum levels of anti-C1q autoantibodies in SLE patients.
    METHODS: The sera of 124 patients with SLE involving 62 active SLE and 62 inactive SLE, fulfilling America College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for SLE (1997) were incubated with peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy donors. The results were compared with 124 sex- and age-matched normal controls. Apoptotic lymphocytes (AL) were detected by flow cytometry using annexin V and propidium iodide binding. Anti-C1q autoantibodies were detected by an enzyme-linked immunoassay kit for all SLE patients.
    RESULTS: Results demonstrated that the percentage of AL in the peripheral blood of active SLE patients was significantly higher (n = 62, 34.95 ± 12.78%) than that of the inactive SLE patients (n = 62, 30.69 ± 10.13%, P = 0.042, 95%CI = 0.16-8.36) and normal controls (n = 124, 27.92 ± 10.22%, P = 0.001, 95%CI = 3.33-10.73). The percentage of AL significantly correlated with serum levels of anti-C1q autoantibodies in the active SLE patients (r = 0.263, P = 0.039) but not in the inactive SLE patients (r = 0.170, P = 0.185).
    CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that increased serum levels of anti-C1q autoantibodies are responsible for apoptosis and may play a pathogenic role in SLE patients, especially in active disease.
    KEYWORDS: anti-C1q; apoptosis; flowcytometry; systemic lupus erythematosus
    Study site: Medical outpatient clinic and medical wards, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum/immunology*
  20. Biochemical studies of Piper betle L Leaf Extract on Obese Treated Animal using 1H-NMR-Based Metabolomic Approach of Blood Serum Samples
    Abdul Ghani ZD, Husin JM, Rashid AH, Shaari K, Chik Z
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2016 Oct 7.
    PMID: 27725236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.022
    Piper Betle L. (PB) belongs to the Piperaceae family. The presence of a fairly large quantity of diastase in the betel leaf is deemed to play an important role in starch digestion and calls for the study of weight loss activities and metabolite profile from PB leaf extracts using metabolomics approach to be performed. PB dried leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol and the extracts were subjected to five groups of rats fed with high fat (HF) and standard diet (SD). They were then fed with the extracts in two doses and compared with a negative control group given water only according to the study protocol. The body weights and food intakes were monitored every week. At the end of the study, blood serum of the experimental animal was analysed to determine the biochemical and metabolite changes. PB treated group demonstrated inhibition of body weight gain without showing an effect on the food intake. In serum bioassay, the PB treated group (HF/PB (100mg/kg and 500mg/kg) showed an increased in glucose and cholesterol levels compared to the Standard Diet (SD/WTR) group, a decrease in LDL level and increase in HDL level when compared with High Fat Diet (HF/WTR) group. For metabolite analysis, two separation models were made to determine the metabolite changes via group activities. The best separation of PCA serum in Model 1 and 2 was achieved in principle component 1 and principle component 2. SUS-Plot model showed that HF group was characterized by high-level of glucose, glycine and alanine. Increase in the β-hydroxybutyrate level similar with SD group animals was evident in the HF/PB(500mg/kg) group. This finding suggested that the administration of 500mg/kg PB extracts leads to increase in oxidation process in the body thus maintaining the body weight and without giving an effect on the appetite even though HF was continuously consumed by the animals until the end of the studies and also a reduction in food intake, thus maintaining their body weight although they were continuously consumed HF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serum
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