MyMedR

Fulltext Cat flea infestation in a hospital: a case report

Muthupalaniappen L, Norhayati M, Lee YY

Korean J Parasitol, 2012 Mar;50(1):79-82.

PMID: 22451739 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.79

Cat flea bite in humans results in extremely pruritic skin lesions. It has been reported to occur among those living in domiciliary accommodation. However, nosocomial infestation with cat flea has not been reported. We hereby report a case of nosocomial infestation of cat flea in a hospital facility. Identification of the parasite, its appropriate eradication, and adequate medical management of the patients resulted in a satisfactory outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings/diagnosis; Bites and Stings/parasitology*

Infestation with the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) among students in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Chin HC, Ahmad NW, Lim LH, Jeffery J, Hadi AA, Othman H, et al.

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2010 Nov;41(6):1331-4.

PMID: 21329307

This paper reports six male undergraduate students living at a local university hostel who were infested with cat fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae: Ctenocephalides felis felis) in February 2009. All of them suffered from maculopapular rashes and severe pruritus after the bites. Investigation revealed the presence of a stray cat in the hostel building; five of the students had a history of contact with the cat. Six cat fleas were collected at the hostel and identified as C. felis felis. Most of the students were not aware of this infestation and did not seek medical treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings/diagnosis; Bites and Stings/parasitology

Fulltext A fatal case of anaphylactic shock caused by the lesser banded hornet, Vespa affinis indosinensis in peninsular Malaysia

Lee HL, Krishnasamy M, Jeffery J

Trop Biomed, 2005 Jun;22(1):81-2.

PMID: 16880759 MyJurnal

The hornets are a group of venomous stinging insects that at times cause human death. A fatal case of a child stung by the lesser banded hornet Vespa affinis indosinesis is reported. Though often covered by the mass media, this constitutes the first scientifically reported case.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings/diagnosis*; Insect Bites and Stings/pathology

Fulltext Blood meal analysis of tabanid fly after it biting the rare Sumatran rhinoceros

Rovie-Ryan JJ, Zainuddin ZZ, Marni W, Ahmad AH, Ambu LN, Payne J

Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2013 Feb;3(2):95-9.

PMID: 23593586 DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60031-3

To demonstrate a noninvasive large mammalian genetic sampling method using blood meal obtained from a tabanid fly.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings/blood; Insect Bites and Stings/veterinary*

Intravenous ascorbic acid as a treatment for severe jellyfish stings

Kumar S, Miranda-Massari JR, Gonzalez MJ, Riordan HD

P R Health Sci J, 2004 Jun;23(2):125-6.

PMID: 15377062

We report a case of jellyfish envenomation in a 39 year old male. He was stung extensively on both lower limbs by an unidentified jellyfish. This occurred in shallow waters of a beach in the vicinity of Labuan Island, Malaysia. The patient received ambulatory treatment with parenteral and oral ascorbate with remarkable recovery.

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings/drug therapy*; Bites and Stings/etiology

Control of Mansonia mosquitos, vectors of brugian filariasis in Sarawak, Malaysia

Chang MS, Chan KL, Ho BC

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1993;24 Suppl 2:93-104.

PMID: 7973956

Two field trials in the control of subperiodic brugian filariasis vectors, mainly Mansonia bonneae and Mansonia dives were carried out in Sarawak, East Malaysia. In the first trial, malathion ultra-low volume (ULV) spray was used to control the Mansonia mosquitos in two filariasis endemic villages. Six spray rounds were applied at biweekly intervals at Kampung Rasau and two spray rounds were applied at monthly intervals in Kampung Triboh. ULV malathion spray reduced biting Ma. bonneae population for 3 days after spraying. The biting density decreased to 50% of the pre-treatment level by the 12th - 13th day and reached the pre-treatment level by the 24th - 25th day. Contact bioassay tests on caged Mansonia mosquitos revealed considerable penetration of the malathion aerosol indoors and relatively adequate coverage outdoors. The estimated number of bites per case per day was 1.09 to 4 times less in the sprayed kampung than in an unsprayed control kampung. The parous and daily survival rates of Mansonia mosquitos were not significantly affected by the spraying. In a second trial, chemotherapy with diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) was combined with vector control through indoor residual spraying in Kampung Ampungan. The results were compared with the use of only DEC mass treatment in Kampung Sebangkoi and Kampung Sebamban. The combined control measures in Kampung Ampungan reduced the MfD-50 to 44% of the pre-treatment level over a period of 4 years. In the other two kampungs where only mass DEC therapy was applied, the microfilarial rate and MfD-50 declined significantly in the second blood survey but increased gradually in two subsequent follow-up blood surveys. The total insecticidal impact for Ma. bonneae was 3.9 to 1 indoors and 2.7 to 1 outdoors. These results indicated that quarterly pirimiphos-methyl indoor spraying used in integrated control could reduce indoor transmission by 3.9 times. The infective rate from the Ma. bonneae dissected in all three kampungs after the interventions, irrespective of DEC treatment alone or in combination with pirimiphos-methyl residual spraying were reduced by two fold. However the infection rate of brugian filarial larvae in Kampung Ampungan was significantly reduced after the use of DEC and insecticide. Annual Transmission Potential (ATP) showed a high significant reduction in Kampung Ampungan (p > 0.001) compared with Kampungs Sebangkoi and Schambam. In Ampungan, the ATP was reduced by 8.5 times indoors after the MDA and insecticidal application and 3 times outdoors. The reduction rate for Sebangkoi and Sebamban both indoors and outdoors were less than 2 fold.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings/epidemiology; Insect Bites and Stings/prevention & control

Fulltext A case report of an unusual complication from bee sting: acute brachial plexopathy

Kee HF, Hasan S, Wan Aliaa WS, Basri HB

Pak J Med Sci, 2014 Mar;30(2):455-6.

PMID: 24772163

Brachial plexopathy is usually related to trauma like direct injury to the nerve and stretching injuries. Neurological complications following bee sting are uncommon. Here, we describe a rare case of acute brachial plexopathy as a neurological complication following bee sting. A23-year-old maleinitially presented with angioedema and anaphylactic shock one hour after a bee stung at his neck. Twenty four hours after the incidence, he presented with sudden onset of left upper limb weakness. Nerve conduction study and electromyography had shown evidence of left brachial plexopathy.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings

Fulltext Cellulitis from terrestrial leech bite in a 2-month-old baby

Fahisham Taib, Suhailah Badruddin, Mohd Anas Che Nik, Ariffin Nasir, Ramiza Ramza Ramli

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018;24(2):1-3.

MyJurnal

Cellulitis in human following leech bite is rae, many of the case reports were associated with the use of medical leech. We report the first documented case of cellulitis following the bite of land leech (Haemodipsa species), known locally as 'pacat', in a 2 month-old-baby. The baby developed fever but subsided following an antibiotic cover. The baby had uneventful stay in the hospital and the cellulitis was successfully treated following a week cource of Cloxacillin.

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings

Fulltext Introducing a technique in sustaining adult worker bees of Heterotrigona itama (Cockerell, 1918) in laboratory to facilitate future health research on Kelulut honey

Syazana Jumaan, Jahangir Kamaldin, Rosliza Jajuli, Izfa Riza Hazmi

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(102):22-30.

MyJurnal

Introduction: The study is introducing a laboratory technique to sustain the longevity of Heterotrigona itama sting- less bees collected from the farm in order to facilitate future health research on Kelulut honey. Methods: The worker bees were held in laboratory at 26 ± 2 oC, 57 ± 8 % relative humidity (RH) and 12:12 hours (light:dark period) in a cup covered with meshed cloth and installed with an inverted-wick system consists of a drinking straw with the bottom end loosely plugged with cotton wool. The artificial diet was pipetted into the straw to wet the cotton wool. The bees were divided into five diet groups, namely a) unfed - control, b) distilled water, c) purified tap water, d) non-carbonated isotonic drink or e) 5% honey solution. Feeding activity and survival of worker bees were observed daily. Results: The worker bees are seen to frequent and lick the cotton wool wetted with artificial diets. Comparison between the artificial diets, Kaplan-Meier statistical analysis showed that the 5% honey solution and non-carbonated isotonic drink have significantly (P < 0.05) extended the longevity of the worker bees with 50% survival probability at least 8 days. When the similar holding and feeding technique used for the bees from commercial farms, the 50% survival probability was extended to 14 days. Conclusion: The inverted-wick system with the use of 5% honey solu- tion or isotonic drink as the artificial diet is capable to hold the H. itama worker bees at least for a week with survival above 50% for laboratory experiments.

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings

Fulltext Acute lymphangitis in a preschool child: a case report

Loh, Huai Seng

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2012;6(2):46-48.

MyJurnal

A 3-year old preschool boy presented with a pruritic red streak at the dorsum of his right foot traveling
upward from the affected site which was red and swollen. Insect sting was the more likely trigger which had caused the cellulitis and subsequently the acute lymphangitis.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings

Fulltext A Case Series of Bee Sting Keratopathy With Different Outcomes in Malaysia

Ang WJ, Md Kadir SZ, Fadzillah AJ, Zunaina E

Cureus, 2017 Feb 17;9(2):e1035.

PMID: 28357167 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1035

We report three patients with corneal bee sting at our tertiary care center in a three-year period starting from 2014 to 2016. All patients sustained a bee sting injury to the cornea. All patients received early preoperative topical antibiotics, topical cycloplegic and intensive topical steroids. However, the timing of the initial presentation, the duration, and the location of the retained stinger differed in each case leading to different postsurgical outcomes.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings

Note on a case of death following the sting of a scorpion

Linnell RM

Lancet, 1914;183:1608-9.

DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)58348-8

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings

Microencapsulation of Citrus Grandis Peel Oil Using Interfacial Precipitation Chemistry Technique for Repellent Application

Misni N, Mohamed Nor Z, Ahmad R

Iran J Pharm Res, 2019;18(1):198-209.

PMID: 31089355

Essential oil of Citrus family plant is known to have repellent effect against mosquito. Unfortunately, due to its high volatility effect, its repellency effect was compromised. The incorporation of essential oil in a microencapsulation formulation has been shown to help improve the stability and potency of the repellent. In this study, Citrus grandis peel oil (CGPO) was encapsulated by using the interfacial precipitation chemistry technique. The microencapsulated CGPO was then formulated into lotion form to produce topical repellent formulation. This study includes the characterization of microcapsules with regards to the morphology, size distribution, zeta potential, Fourier Transmission Infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), and Thermogravity analysis (TGA). The effectiveness of the microencapsulated CGPO-lotion formulation against mosquitoes was evaluated in the laboratory setting. Results indicated that CGPO have been successfully encapsulated with 6.5 µm in diameter and zeta potential values, -47.9 mV. The FTIR analysis spectrum indicated the presence of interaction between the wall materials in microcapsules. The TGA analysis demonstrated that microencapsulation improved the thermal stability of CGPO. Repellency assay revealed that microencapsulated CGPO- based formulation possessed excellent effect compared with pure CGPO. In conclusion, CGPO was successfully encapsulated and the microencapsulation aid to improve the repellency effect of CGPO against mosquito bites.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings

Fulltext Acute renal failure and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following multiple wasp stings: a case report

Loh HH, Tan CHH

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Feb;67(1):133-5.

PMID: 22582570 MyJurnal

Wasp stings can present in various ways, ranging from mild self-limiting illness to severe multi organ failure with a potentially fatal outcome. We report a case of multiple wasp stings leading to acute renal failure needing prolonged dialysis support and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings/complications*

Studies of phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) populations in limestone areas and caves of western Malaysia

Shahar MK, Hassan AA, Lee HL, Salmah MR

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2011 Jan;42(1):83-93.

PMID: 21323169

Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using CO2 baited CDC light trap in 2000 and 2001 in limestone areas and caves of western Malaysia. A total of 1,548 specimens were collected comprising 18 species from two genera: Phlebotomus (6 spp) and Sergentomyia (12 spp). Phlebotomus major major (38.9%) was the predominant species followed by Sergentomyia perturbans (20.1%), P. stantoni (15.3%) and others. Biting activity of the sand flies at the Gua Senyum caves, Gua Kota Gelanggi, Batu caves and Gua Kelam were observed using the bare leg landing catch (BLC) technique. Four Phlebotomus spp at Gua Senyum were found to bite humans with a unimodal biting peak (between 01:00 and 04:00 AM). At Gua Kota Gelanggi P. major major was observed to bite humans, but at Batu Caves and Gua Kelam no sand flies were observed to bite humans. Sergentomyia spp did not feed on humans even though high numbers were caught in light traps. The populations of phleobotomine sand flies fluctuated, with several peaks especially among P. major major which peaked in December and was low in February and August. Phlebotomus stantoni was abundant throughout 2001. Most species populations were weakly related to rainfall because they inhabited caves.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings/parasitology

Fulltext An outbreak of rabies in dogs in the state of Terengganu 1995-1996

Loke YK, Murugesan E, Suryati A, Tan MH

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Mar;53(1):97-100.

PMID: 10968145

The presence of rabies in dogs has been well recognized in areas of Malaysia close to the Thai border but it has rarely ever been reported in Terengganu which is a state on the East Coast of Malaysia. From November 1995 to June 1996 six different rabid stray dogs were found to have been involved in dog bite attacks on 9 members of the public. We report these cases to highlight that rabid dog bites may occur even in areas where the disease is thought to be rate. Medical and veterinary staff must keep the possibility of the risk of rabies in mind when faced with patients who have been bitten by dogs.

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings/epidemiology

Severe urological complication of leech bite in the tropics

Hamid MS, Mohd Nor GR

Br J Urol, 1996 Jan;77(1):164-5.

PMID: 8653299

Matched MeSH terms: Bites and Stings/complications*

Transmission dynamics and estimates of malaria vectorial capacity for Anopheles balabacensis and An. flavirostris (Diptera: Culicidae) on Banggi island, Sabah, Malaysia

Hii JL, Kan S, Vun YS, Chin KF, Tambakau S, Chan MK, et al.

Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1988 Feb;82(1):91-101.

PMID: 3041932

Holoendemic malaria transmission in two small isolated forest communities and a coastal village was studied by (1) all night human bait collections of Anopheles species from inside and outside houses and (2) buffalo-biting and CDC light-trapping catches during March and November 1984. During the same period thick and thin blood films were collected from the human population, and spleen rates were determined in children from two to nine years of age. Using both the immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and the dissection technique, more sporozoite-positive infections were detected in An. balabacensis and An. flavirostris in November than in March. IRMA confirmed the presence of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. An average of 76.2% of the An. balabacensis population lived long enough to have reached a point where infectivity with P. falciparum was possible in November. Although fewer than five adult females bit humans per night at any time, a resident could theoretically have received more than 160 infective bites in one year. A high frequency of feeding on humans, coupled with increased anopheline life expectancy, contributed to high estimates of falciparum malaria vectorial capacity (number of infections distributed per case per day); for An. balabacensis (1.44-7.44 in March and 9.97-19.7 in November) and for An. flavirostris (0.19-5.14 in March and 6.27-15.8 in November). These high values may explain the increased malaria parasite rates obtained from at least two forest communities. Correlation between actual and calculated rates of gametocytaemia was poorest in Kapitangan due to inadequate sampling of the human population. In Banggi island, malaria is stable and holoendemic, and the population enjoys a high degree of immunity.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings/epidemiology

Health problems among international travellers: from a subtropical region to tropical and non-tropical regions

Pai HH, Lai JL

Travel Med Infect Dis, 2008 Jul;6(4):201-4.

PMID: 18571109 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2008.03.001

International travel may be associated with the risk of a wide range of infectious diseases. This study was designed to obtain information on the health problems among international travellers from a subtropical region to the neighbouring tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. Health problems among international travellers from Taiwan to the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand (tropical group), Hong Kong, Macao, China and Japan (non-tropical group) were surveyed through the telephone. Of 649 travellers surveyed, 8.2% had one or more health problems and insect bite (3.4%) and coughing or sore throats (3.2%) were the most important symptoms. The rate of coughing or sore throats was significantly higher among those returned from the non-tropical regions. However, no associations were found between health problems and the demographic factors, travel style or travelling duration of travel.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings/epidemiology*

Fulltext Effect of different habitat types on abundance and biting times of Anopheles balabacensis Baisas (Diptera: Culicidae) in Kudat district of Sabah, Malaysia

Chua TH, Manin BO, Vythilingam I, Fornace K, Drakeley CJ

Parasit Vectors, 2019 Jul 25;12(1):364.

PMID: 31345256 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3627-0

BACKGROUND: We investigated the effect of five common habitat types on the diversity and abundance of Anopheles spp. and on the biting rate and time of Anopheles balabacensis (currently the only known vector for Plasmodium knowlesi in Sabah) at Paradason village, Kudat, Sabah. The habitats were forest edge, playground area, longhouse, oil palm plantation and shrub-bushes area. Sampling of Anopheles was done monthly using the human landing catch method in all habitat types for 14 months (October 2013 to December 2014, excluding June 2014). The Anopheles species were morphologically identified and subjected to PCR assay for the detection of Plasmodium parasites. Generalised linear mixed models (GLMM) were applied to test the variation in abundance and biting rates of An. balabacensis in different habitat types.

RESULTS: A total of 1599 Anopheles specimens were collected in the village, of which about 90% were An. balabacensis. Anopheles balabacensis was present throughout the year and was the dominant Anopheles species in all habitat types. The shrub bushes habitat had the highest Anopheles species diversity while forest edge had the greatest number of Anopheles individuals caught. GLMM analysis indicated that An. balabacensis abundance was not affected by the type of habitats, and it was more active during the early and late night compared to predawn and dawn. PCR assay showed that 1.61% of the tested An. balabacensis were positive for malaria parasites, most of which were caught in oil palm estates and infected with one to two Plasmodium species.

CONCLUSIONS: The identification of infected vectors in a range of habitats, including agricultural and farming areas, illustrates the potential for humans to be exposed to P. knowlesi outside forested areas. This finding contributes to a growing body of evidence implicating environmental changes due to deforestation, expansion of agricultural and farming areas, and development of human settlements near to forest fringes in the emergence of P. knowlesi in Sabah.

Matched MeSH terms: Insect Bites and Stings*

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 76 in total