Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 279 in total

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  1. User acceptance of a touchless sterile system to control virtual orthodontic study models
    Wan Hassan WN, Abu Kassim NL, Jhawar A, Shurkri NM, Kamarul Baharin NA, Chan CS
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2016 Apr;149(4):567-78.
    PMID: 27021461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.10.018
    In this article, we present an evaluation of user acceptance of our innovative hand-gesture-based touchless sterile system for interaction with and control of a set of 3-dimensional digitized orthodontic study models using the Kinect motion-capture sensor (Microsoft, Redmond, Wash).
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  2. Newborns are sensitive to the correspondence between auditory pitch and visuospatial elevation
    Walker P, Bremner JG, Lunghi M, Dolscheid S, D Barba B, Simion F
    Dev Psychobiol, 2018 03;60(2):216-223.
    PMID: 29355921 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21603
    Amodal (redundant) and arbitrary cross-sensory feature associations involve the context-insensitive mapping of absolute feature values across sensory domains. Cross-sensory associations of a different kind, known as correspondences, involve the context-sensitive mapping of relative feature values. Are such correspondences in place at birth (like amodal associations), or are they learned from subsequently experiencing relevant feature co-occurrences in the world (like arbitrary associations)? To decide between these two possibilities, human newborns (median age = 44 hr) watched animations in which two balls alternately rose and fell together in space. The pitch of an accompanying sound rose and fell either congruently with this visual change (pitch rising and falling as the balls moved up and down), or incongruently (pitch rising and falling as the balls moved down and up). Newborns' looking behavior was sensitive to this congruence, providing the strongest indication to date that cross-sensory correspondences can be in place at birth.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion Perception/physiology*
  3. In silico study of glenoid perforation during total shoulder arthroplasty: the effects on stress & micromotion
    Wahab AHA, Saad APM, Syahrom A, Kadir MRA
    Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin, 2020 Apr;23(5):182-190.
    PMID: 31910663 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2019.1709828
    Glenoid perforation is not the intended consequence of the surgery and must be avoided. The analysis on biomechanical aspect of glenoid vault perforation remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of glenoid perforation towards stress distribution and micromotion at the interfaces. Eight glenoid implant models had been constructed with various size, number and type of fixation. A load of 750 N was applied to centre, superior-anterior and superior-posterior area. Implant perforation had minimal impact on stress distribution and micromotion at the interfaces. However, cement survival rate for implant without perforation was the highest with a difference of up to 37% compared to other perforated models. Besides that, implant fixation and high stresses at the implant had more of an impact on implant instability than implant perforation. As a conclusion, glenoid perforation did not influence the stress distribution and micromotion, but, it reduced cement survival rate and increase the stress critical volume.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  4. Number of pegs influence focal stress distributions and micromotion in glenoid implants: a finite element study
    Wahab AH, Kadir MR, Harun MN, Kamarul T, Syahrom A
    Med Biol Eng Comput, 2017 Mar;55(3):439-447.
    PMID: 27255451 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-016-1525-6
    The present study was conducted to compare the stability of four commercially available implants by investigating the focal stress distributions and relative micromotion using finite element analysis. Variations in the numbers of pegs between the implant designs were tested. A load of 750 N was applied at three different glenoid positions (SA: superior-anterior; SP: superior-posterior; C: central) to mimic off-center and central loadings during activities of daily living. Focal stress distributions and relative micromotion were measured using Marc Mentat software. The results demonstrated that by increasing the number of pegs from two to five, the total focal stress volumes exceeding 5 MPa, reflecting the stress critical volume (SCV) as the threshold for occurrence of cement microfractures, decreased from 8.41 to 5.21 % in the SA position and from 9.59 to 6.69 % in the SP position. However, in the C position, this change in peg number increased the SCV from 1.37 to 5.86 %. Meanwhile, micromotion appeared to remain within 19-25 µm irrespective of the number of pegs used. In conclusion, four-peg glenoid implants provide the best configuration because they had lower SCV values compared with lesser-peg implants, preserved more bone stock, and reduced PMMA cement usage compared with five-peg implants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular/drug effects; Range of Motion, Articular/physiology*
  5. Challenges of physiotherapy management: type 4 knee arthrofibrosis following traumatic multiple structural injuries of knee in a 16-year old boy: a clinical case report
    Vijayakumar, P., Leonard, H.J., Ayiesah, H.R.
    Journal of Surgical Academia, 2012;2(1):34-38.
    MyJurnal
    Traumatic knee crush injuries of degloving nature carries a greater risk for the multitude of complications rendering emergency surgical intervention the treatment of choice in the majority of such injuries. These types of injuries commonly result in a unique post- operative complication such as arthrofibrosis and it presents overly challenge for Physiotherapists managing it. In this retrospective single-case report, we describe the challenges of in – and out- patient physiotherapy treatment planning for a 16-year old boy throughout the continuum of care for his knee arthrofibrosis following a series of surgical procedures. As result of his complex medical situation, the time-specific physiotherapy intervention during the immediate post-operative period failed to improve our patient’s knee function. The knee function with regard to range of motion ( especially extension), muscle strength(quadriceps) improved considerably with the adoption of an aggressive physiotherapy intervention approach that included specific quadriceps muscle strengthening, joint mobilization (rotation/traction) in sitting position with legs over the edge of table and contract-relax quadriceps stretching in prone position using theraband.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
  6. Malaysian medical students' perceptions of a film to promote psychiatry as a career
    Vasudevan U, Bharathy A, Jun Min K, Panikulam JJ, Saleem F, Hassali A, et al.
    Australas Psychiatry, 2015 Apr;23(2):173-6.
    PMID: 25676216 DOI: 10.1177/1039856214568221
    OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate perceptions of a Royal College of Psychiatrists promotional film among Malaysian medical students.
    METHODS: Year 3 (n=108) and Year 5 (n=108) students completed separate standard measures of attitudes to psychiatry: the ATP 30 and Balon scales, respectively. A questionnaire was also administered recording students' socio-demographic information, career preferences, perceptions of the film's effectiveness and its influence on career choice. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of responses were performed.
    RESULTS: The overall response rate was 95.5%. Mean career preference ranking for psychiatry was higher for Year 5 than for Year 3 (p=0.025). For most Year 3 (64.8%) and Year 5 (58.3%) respondents the film conveyed a positive image of psychiatry. Fewer perceived it as influencing career choice: 31.4% for Year 3 and 27.2% for Year 5. Higher scores on both attitudinal scales correlated positively with increasing likelihood of students rating the film positively (Year 3: p=0.000; Year 5: p=0.003). Thematic content analysis suggested possible socio-cultural influences on students' perceptions.
    CONCLUSIONS: Despite conveying a positive image of psychiatry, promotional films may have limited impact in changing students' attitudes towards psychiatry and in increasing interest in psychiatry as a career.
    KEYWORDS: attitudes; medical students; psychiatry; stigma and discrimination; transcultural psychiatry
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion Pictures as Topic*
  7. Fulltext Modelling of carbon dioxide absorption into aqueous ammonia solution in a wetted wall column
    Ujjal Kumar Ghosh, Chiu, Choon Hong, Jobrun Nandong, Shufeng, Shen
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2015;23(1):89-104.
    MyJurnal
    In this paper, a mathematical model is developed based on mass and momentum balance for carbon dioxide absorption into aqueous ammonia solution. The model is simplified based on the assumption that the CO2 absorption into aqueous ammonia is a pseudo-first-order reaction. Laplace transform method is applied in order to solve the partial differential model equation. Finally, the CO2 molar flux is expressed as a function of partial pressure of CO2, concentration of aqueous ammonia, temperature and gas-liquid contact area. Variation of CO2 molar flux with partial pressure of CO2 and temperature is discussed and a comparison is performed with experimental data from literature. Variation of CO2 molar flux is also shown with gas-liquid contact area. The calculated flux from the model follows the same trend as that of the experimental data reported in literature and the accuracy is within the accepted limit. The mathematical model is very helpful to predict the CO2 molar flux as a function of partial pressure of CO2, concentration of aqueous ammonia, temperature and gas-liquid contact area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  8. Fulltext Cross-modal size-contrast illusion: Acoustic increases in intensity and bandwidth modulate haptic representation of object size
    Uesaki M, Ashida H, Kitaoka A, Pasqualotto A
    Sci Rep, 2019 10 08;9(1):14440.
    PMID: 31595003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50912-8
    Changes in the retinal size of stationary objects provide a cue to the observer's motion in the environment: Increases indicate the observer's forward motion, and decreases backward motion. In this study, a series of images each comprising a pair of pine-tree figures were translated into auditory modality using sensory substitution software. Resulting auditory stimuli were presented in an ascending sequence (i.e. increasing in intensity and bandwidth compatible with forward motion), descending sequence (i.e. decreasing in intensity and bandwidth compatible with backward motion), or in a scrambled order. During the presentation of stimuli, blindfolded participants estimated the lengths of wooden sticks by haptics. Results showed that those exposed to the stimuli compatible with forward motion underestimated the lengths of the sticks. This consistent underestimation may share some aspects with visual size-contrast effects such as the Ebbinghaus illusion. In contrast, participants in the other two conditions did not show such magnitude of error in size estimation; which is consistent with the "adaptive perceptual bias" towards acoustic increases in intensity and bandwidth. In sum, we report a novel cross-modal size-contrast illusion, which reveals that auditory motion cues compatible with listeners' forward motion modulate haptic representations of object size.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  9. Fulltext Fluid flow characteristics within an oscillating lower spherical surface and a stationary concentric upper surface for application to the artificial hip joint
    Tso CP, Hor CH, Chen GM, Kok CK
    Heliyon, 2018 Dec;4(12):e01085.
    PMID: 30627676 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e01085
    The synovial fluid motion in an artificial hip joint is important in understanding the thermo-fluids effects that can affect the reliability of the joint, although it is difficult to be studied theoretically, as the modelling involves the viscous fluid interacting with a moving surface. A new analytical solution has been derived for the maximum induced fluid motion within a spherical gap with an oscillating lower surface and a stationary upper surface, assuming one-dimensional incompressible laminar Newtonian flow with constant properties, and using the Navier-Stokes equation. The resulting time-dependent motion is analysed in terms of two dimensionless parameters R and β, which are functions of geometry, fluid properties and the oscillation rate. The model is then applied to the conditions of the synovial fluid enclosed in the artificial hip joint and it is found that the motion may be described by a simpler velocity variation, whereby laying the foundation to thermal studies in the joint.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  10. Gamification in rehabilitation of metacarpal fracture using cost-effective end-user device: A randomized controlled trial
    Then JW, Shivdas S, Tunku Ahmad Yahaya TS, Ab Razak NI, Choo PT
    J Hand Ther, 2020 05 16;33(2):235-242.
    PMID: 32430167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2020.03.029
    STUDY DESIGN: This is a two-group randomized controlled trial.

    INTRODUCTION: Finger stiffness after treatment for metacarpal fractures often occurs due to poor compliance to the conventional rehabilitation programs. Gamification has shown success in improving adherence to and effectiveness of various therapies.

    PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether gamification, using cost-effective devices was comparable with conventional physiotherapy in improving hand functions and adherence to rehabilitation in metacarpal fractures.

    METHODS: A 2-group randomized controlled trial involving 19 patients was conducted. Participants were randomized to a control (conventional physiotherapy, n = 10) or interventional group (gamification, n = 9). The grips strength and composite finger range of motion were measured at the baseline and each follow-up together with Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation scores and compliance.

    RESULTS: There were no significant differences on improvements of grip strength (means difference 24.38 vs 20.44, P = .289) and composite finger range of motion (means difference 50.50 vs 51.11, P = .886). However, the gamification group showed better results in Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation (mean 0.44 vs 8.45, P = .038) and compliance (P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
  11. Fulltext The validity and reliability of motion analysis in patellar tendon reflex assessment
    Tham LK, Abu Osman NA, Wan Abas WA, Lim KS
    PLoS One, 2013;8(2):e55702.
    PMID: 23409022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055702
    The deep tendon reflex assessments that are essential to the accurate diagnosis of neurological or neuromuscular disorders are conducted subjectively in clinical neurology. Our aim was to assess deep tendon reflexes objectively with a new reflex quantification method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  12. Fulltext Quantification of muscles activations and joints range of motions during oil palm fresh fruit bunch harvesting and loose fruit collection
    Teo YX, Chan YS, Gouwanda D, Gopalai AA, Nurzaman SG, Thannirmalai S
    Sci Rep, 2021 07 22;11(1):15020.
    PMID: 34294775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94268-4
    Although global demand for palm oil has been increasing, most activities in the oil palm plantations still rely heavily on manual labour, which includes fresh fruit bunch (FFB) harvesting and loose fruit (LF) collection. As a result, harvesters and/or collectors face ergonomic risks resulting in musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) due to awkward, extreme and repetitive posture during their daily work routines. Traditionally, indirect approaches were adopted to assess these risks using a survey or manual visual observations. In this study, a direct measurement approach was performed using Inertial Measurement Units, and surface Electromyography sensors. The instruments were attached to different body parts of the plantation workers to quantify their muscle activities and assess the ergonomics risks during FFB harvesting and LF collection. The results revealed that the workers generally displayed poor and discomfort posture in both activities. Biceps, multifidus and longissimus muscles were found to be heavily used during FFB harvesting. Longissimus, iliocostalis, and multifidus muscles were the most used muscles during LF collection. These findings can be beneficial in the design of various assistive tools which could improve workers' posture, reduce the risk of injury and MSD, and potentially improve their overall productivity and quality of life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular*
  13. A 45-degree radiographic method for measuring the neck shaft angle and anteversion of the femur: a pilot study
    Teo PC, Kassim AY, Thevarajan K
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2013 Dec;21(3):340-6.
    PMID: 24366797
    To propose a novel method to measure the neck shaft angle and anteversion of the femur using anteroposterior and 45-degree oblique radiographs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
  14. The Transport Behavior of a Biflagellated Microswimmer before and after Cargo Loading
    Teng XJ, Ng WM, Chong WH, Chan DJC, Mohamud R, Ooi BS, et al.
    Langmuir, 2021 08 03;37(30):9192-9201.
    PMID: 34255525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01345
    The changes in the transport behavior of a microswimmer before and after cargo loading are crucial to understanding and control of the motion of a biohybrid microbot. In this work, we show the change in swimming behavior of biflagellated microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii picking up a 4.5 μm polystyrene microbead upon collision. The microswimmer changed from linear forward motion into helical motion upon the attachment of the cargo and swam with a decreased swimming velocity. We revealed the helical motion of the microswimmer upon cargo loading due to suppression of flagella by image analysis of magnified time-lapse images of C. reinhardtii with one microbead attached at the anterior end (between the flagella). Furthered suppression on the flagellum imposed by the loading of the second cargo has led to increased oscillation per displacement traveled and decreased swimming velocity. Moreover, the microswimmer with a microbead attached at the posterior end swam with swimming velocity close to free swimming microalgae and did not exhibit helical swimming behavior. The experimental results and analysis showed that the loading location of the cargo has a great influence over the swimming behavior of the microswimmer. Furthermore, the work balance calculation and mathematical analysis based on Lighthill's model are well consistent with our experimental findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  15. Attenuation of excitation decay rate due to collective effect
    Tay BA
    Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys, 2014 Aug;90(2):022142.
    PMID: 25215723
    We study a series of N oscillators, each coupled to its nearest neighbors, and linearly to a phonon field through the oscillator's number operator. We show that the Hamiltonian of a pair of adjacent oscillators, or a dimer, within the series of oscillators can be transformed into a form in which they are collectively coupled to the phonon field as a composite unit. In the weak coupling and rotating-wave approximation, the system behaves effectively as the trilinear boson model in the one excitation subspace of the dimer subsystem. The reduced dynamics of the one excitation subspace of the dimer subsystem coupled weakly to a phonon bath is similar to that of a two-level system, with a metastable state against the vacuum. The decay constant of the subsystem is proportional to the dephasing rate of the individual oscillator in a phonon bath, attenuated by a factor that depends on site asymmetry, intersite coupling, and the resonance frequency between the transformed oscillator modes, or excitons. As a result of the collective effect, the excitation relaxation lifetime is prolonged over the dephasing lifetime of an individual oscillator coupled to the same bath.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  16. Fulltext Modified pectoralis major tendon transfer for reanimation of elbow flexion as a salvage procedure in complete brachial plexus injury: a case report
    Taran S, Nawfar S
    Malays Orthop J, 2013 Mar;7(1):79-81.
    PMID: 25722813 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1303.004
    Traumatic brachial plexus injuries rarely recover spontaneously and if the window period for neurotisation has elapsed, the only option for restoration of function lies in a salvage procedure. Many such salvage procedures have been described in the literature with variable functional results. We report the case of a 16-year-old boy who presented after unsuccessful treatment for a complete brachial plexus injury; we performed a pectoralis major tendon transfer to attain elbow flexion. Postoperatively, the elbow was splinted with flexion at 100°. After 4 weeks of immobilization the splint was removed and the patient could actively flex his elbow from 30° to 100°.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
  17. Fulltext A review on robot motion planning approaches
    Tang, S.H., Khaksar, W., Ismail, N.B., Ariffin, M.K.A.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2012;20(1):15-29.
    MyJurnal
    The ability of a robot to plan its own motion seems pivotal to its autonomy, and that is why the motion planning has become part and parcel of modern intelligent robotics. In this paper, about 100 research are reviewed and briefly described to identify and classify the amount of the existing work for each motion planning approach. Meanwhile, around 200 research were used to determine the percentage of the application of each approach. The paper includes comparative tables and charts showing the application frequency of each approach in the last 30 years. Finally, some open areas and challenging topics are presented based on the reviewed papers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  18. Fulltext Texture Evolution in AA6082-T6 BFSW Welds: Optical Microscopy and EBSD Characterisation
    Tamadon A, Pons DJ, Clucas D, Sued K
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Oct 01;12(19).
    PMID: 31581446 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193215
    One of the difficulties with bobbin friction stir welding (BFSW) has been the visualisation of microstructure, particularly grain boundaries, and this is especially problematic for materials with fine grain structure, such as AA6082-T6 aluminium as here. Welds of this material were examined using optical microscopy (OM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Results show that the grain structures that form depend on a complex set of factors. The motion of the pin and shoulder features transports material around the weld, which induces shear. The shear deformation around the pin is non-uniform with a thermal and strain gradient across the weld, and hence the dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) processes are also variable, giving a range of observed polycrystalline and grain boundary structures. Partial DRX was observed at both hourglass boundaries, and full DRX at mid-stirring zone. The grain boundary mapping showed the formation of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) at regions of high shear as a consequence of thermomechanical nature of the process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  19. Fulltext Association of anthropometric parameters with amplitude and crosstalk of mechanomyographic signals during forearm flexion, pronation and supination torque tasks
    Talib I, Sundaraj K, Lam CK
    Sci Rep, 2019 11 07;9(1):16166.
    PMID: 31700129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52536-4
    This study aimed to quantify the association of four anthropometric parameters of the human arm, namely, the arm circumference (CA), arm length (LA), skinfold thickness (ST) and inter-sensor distance (ISD), with amplitude (RMS) and crosstalk (CT) of mechanomyography (MMG) signals. Twenty-five young, healthy, male participants were recruited to perform forearm flexion, pronation and supination torque tasks. Three accelerometers were employed to record the MMG signals from the biceps brachii (BB), brachialis (BRA) and brachioradialis (BRD) at 80% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Signal RMS was used to quantify the amplitude of the MMG signals from a muscle, and cross-correlation coefficients were used to quantify the magnitude of the CT among muscle pairs (BB & BRA, BRA & BRD, and BB & BRD). For all investigated muscles and pairs, RMS and CT showed negligible to low negative correlations with CA, LA and ISD (r = -0.0001--0.4611), and negligible to moderate positive correlations with ST (r = 0.004-0.511). However, almost all of these correlations were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that RMS and CT values for the elbow flexor muscles recorded and quantified using accelerometers appear invariant to anthropometric parameters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
  20. Fulltext Five Year Follow-up of One Stage Bilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty
    Tai, C.C., Abbas, A.A., Varaprasad, M., Choon, S.K.
    Malays Orthop J, 2007;1(1):22-25.
    MyJurnal
    We report on the medium term outcome of five patients (ten hips) who underwent one stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty. Both Harris Hip Scores and Oxford Hip Scores improved postoperatively as did range of motion. There was no radiographic evidence of loosening in any hip arthroplasty involved in this study, however one revision surgery was needed due to periprosthetic fracture. There were no increased medical complications. Based on our limited experience, we believe that one stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty is safe in selected patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
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