Displaying publications 461 - 480 of 2202 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Perumal S, Mahmud R
    PMID: 24321370 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-346
    The frequent occurrences of antibiotic-resistant biofilm forming pathogens have become global issue since various measures that had been taken to curb the situation led to failure. Euphorbia hirta, is a well-known ethnomedicinal plant of Malaysia with diverse biological activities. This plant has been used widely in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal, bronchial and respiratory ailments caused by infectious agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
  2. Rahman ZA, Harun A, Hasan H, Mohamed Z, Noor SS, Deris ZZ, et al.
    Eye Contact Lens, 2013 Sep;39(5):355-60.
    PMID: 23982472 DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0b013e3182a3026b
    Ocular surface infections that include infections of conjunctiva, adnexa, and cornea have the potential risk of causing blindness within a given population. Empirical antibiotic therapy is usually initiated based on epidemiological data of common causative agents. Thus, the aims of this study were to determine the bacterial agents and their susceptibility patterns of isolates from ocular surface specimens in our hospital.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
  3. Khoramnia A, Ebrahimpour A, Ghanbari R, Ajdari Z, Lai OM
    Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:954542.
    PMID: 23971051 DOI: 10.1155/2013/954542
    Coconut oil is a rich source of beneficial medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) particularly lauric acid. In this study, the oil was modified into a value-added product using direct modification of substrate through fermentation (DIMOSFER) method. A coconut-based and coconut-oil-added solid-state cultivation using a Malaysian lipolytic Geotrichum candidum was used to convert the coconut oil into MCFAs-rich oil. Chemical characteristics of the modified coconut oils (MCOs) considering total medium chain glyceride esters were compared to those of the normal coconut oil using ELSD-RP-HPLC. Optimum amount of coconut oil hydrolysis was achieved at 29% moisture content and 10.14% oil content after 9 days of incubation, where the quantitative amounts of the modified coconut oil and MCFA were 0.330 mL/g of solid media (76.5% bioconversion) and 0.175 mL/g of solid media (53% of the MCO), respectively. MCOs demonstrated improved antibacterial activity mostly due to the presence of free lauric acid. The highest MCFAs-rich coconut oil revealed as much as 90% and 80% antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. The results of the study showed that DIMOSFER by a local lipolytic G. candidum can be used to produce MCFAs as natural, effective, and safe antimicrobial agent. The produced MCOs and MCFAs could be further applied in food and pharmaceutical industries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
  4. Abosadiya HM, Hasbullah SA, Mackeen MM, Low SC, Ibrahim N, Koketsu M, et al.
    Molecules, 2013;18(11):13369-84.
    PMID: 24172244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181113369
    C-5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenylcalix[4]-2-methylresorcinarene (I) was synthesized by cyclocondensation of 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-methylresorcinol in the presence of concentrated HCl. Compound I was characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. X-ray analysis showed that this compound crystallized in a triclinic system with space group of Pī, a = 15.9592(16)Å, b = 16.9417(17)Å, c = 17.0974(17)Å, α = 68.656(3)°, β = 85.689(3)°, γ = 81.631(3)°, Z = 2 and V = 4258.6(7)Å3. The molecule adopts a chair (C2h) conformation. The thermal properties and antioxidant activity were also investigated. It was strongly antiviral against HSV-1 and weakly antibacterial against Gram-positive bacteria. Cytotoxicity testing on Vero cells showed that it is non-toxic, with a CC50 of more than 0.4 mg/mL.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
  5. Haque RA, Salman AW, Budagumpi S, Abdullah AA, Majid AM
    Metallomics, 2013 Jun;5(6):760-9.
    PMID: 23645390 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00051f
    Unsymmetrically substituted sterically tuned Pd(II)–NHC complexes of the general formula [PdCl2(NHC)2] (NHC = 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolin-2-ylidene, 7; 1-allyl-3-butylimidazol-2-ylidene, 8; 1-benzyl-3-butyl imidazolin-2-ylidene, 9) were prepared through transmetallation from their corresponding Ag(I)–NHC complexes. The Pd complexes were structurally characterized by different spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods. Complexes 7 and 9 adopted a trans–anti arrangement of the NHC ligands, whereas complex 8 adopted a cis–syn arrangement. Preliminary antibiogram studies using Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria showed that Ag(I)–NHC complexes demonstrate higher activity compared with Pd(I)–NHC complexes. Furthermore, Pd(II)–NHC complexes were evaluated for their anticancer potential using the human colorectal cancer cell line. A higher anticancer activity was observed for complexes 8 and 9, with 26.5 and 6.6 mM IC50 values, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry*
  6. Zainol MI, Mohd Yusoff K, Mohd Yusof MY
    PMID: 23758747 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-129
    Antibacterial activity of honey is mainly dependent on a combination of its peroxide activity and non-peroxide components. This study aims to investigate antibacterial activity of five varieties of Malaysian honey (three monofloral; acacia, gelam and pineapple, and two polyfloral; kelulut and tualang) against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*
  7. Sheshala R, Ying LT, Hui LS, Barua A, Dua K
    PMID: 23746224
    In order to achieve better treatment for local wounds and bacterial infections, topical formulations containing Cocos nucifera Linn. were developed. These formulations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties and antimicrobial efficacy against various strains of microorganisms. Semisolid formulations containing 5% w/w of Cocos nucifera Linn. were prepared by employing different dermatological bases and were evaluated for their physical appearance, pH, rheological properties, FTIR-spectroscopic analysis, thermodynamic stability and stability studies. The antimicrobial activity of each prepared formulation was determined using disk-diffusion method against various strains of microorganisms. All the prepared formulations were found to be stable and exhibited suitable physicochemical characteristics including pH, viscosity and spreadability which are necessary for an ideal topical preparation, in addition to strong antimicrobial activity. Carbopol gel base was found to be the most suitable dermatological base for Cocos nucifera Linn. in comparsion to other bases. Cocos nucifera Linn. formulations showed great potential for wounds and local bacterial infections. Moreover, carbopol gel base with its aesthetic appeal was found to be a suitable dermatological base for Cocos nucifera Linn. semisolid formulation as it had demonstrated significant physicochemical properties and greater diffusion when assessed using disk- diffusion method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*
  8. Sofian ZM, Abdullah JM, Rahim AA, Shafee SS, Mustafa Z, Razak SA
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2012 Oct;25(4):831-7.
    PMID: 23010001
    The possible cytotoxic effects of vancomycin and its complex with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on human glial cell line (CRL 8621) were studied accordingly by means of MTS assay. The cultured cells were incubated with various concentrations of vancomycin, β-CD as well as β-CD/vancomycin complex ranging from 4.69 to 300 ug/ml. A linear dose-dependency cytotoxicity followed by hermetic-like biphasic dose-dependence was observed after incubation period of 72 hours. In general, significant increase (p<0.001) of cell proliferation was observed at lower concentrations: <18.75 μg/ml for cells treated with β-CD and their complex while < 9.38 μg/ml for cells treated with vancomycin. In contrary, regardless of the treatments given, significant (p<0.001) reduce in cell survival was found at higher concentrations >150 μg/ml. In particular, 50 % inhibitory in vitro was achieved at the concentrations of 115.95 μg/ml (for β-CD), 116.48 μg/ml (for vancomycin) and 115.44 μg/ml (for β-CD/vancomycin complex).
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/toxicity*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
  9. Vairappan CS, Nagappan T, Palaniveloo K
    Nat Prod Commun, 2012 Feb;7(2):239-42.
    PMID: 22474969
    Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the rhizomes of Etlingera pyramidosphaera (K. Schum.) R. M. Sm, E. megalocheilos (Griff.) A.D. Poulsen, comb. nov., E. coccinea (Blume) S. Sakai & Nagam, E. elatior (Jack) R. M. Sm, and E. brevilabrum (Valeton) R. M. Sm were analyzed by GCMS. The highest oil yield was obtained from E. pyramidosphaera (0.45%), followed by E. elatior (0.38%), E. coccinea (0.30%), E. brevilabrum (0.28%) and E. megalocheilos (0.25%). The major constituents of the essential oils were oxygenated monoterpenes, followed by sesquiterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, oxygenated diterpenes and diterpenes. The essential oils from E. pyramidosphaera and E. brevilabrum exhibited the best cytotoxicity against MCF 7 (LC50: 7.5 +/- 0.5 mg mL(-1)) and HL 60 (LC50: 5.0 mg mL(-1)), respectively. Strong inhibition was also observed for the essential oils of E. coccinea and E. megalocheilos against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 8.0 +/- 0.5 mg mL(-1), and 5.0 +/- 0.5 mg mL(-1)) and Streptococcus pyrogenes (MIC: 6.0 +/- 0.5 mg mL(-1) and 8.0 +/- 0.5 mg mL(-1)).
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry*
  10. Ho YB, Zakaria MP, Latif PA, Saari N
    J Chromatogr A, 2012 Nov 2;1262:160-8.
    PMID: 23026257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.024
    A multi-residue analytical method was developed to quantify nine antibiotics and one hormone in soil, broiler manure and manure compost. The developed method was based on ultrasonic extraction with MeOH:ACN:EDTA:McIlvaine buffer, solid phase extraction (SPE) using HLB (3 cc/60 mg) cartridge, followed by instrumental analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with 25 min total run time. It was validated and tested on soil, broiler manure and manure compost samples and showed that the method is able to simultaneously detect and quantify the target analytes with good selectivity and sensitivity. The developed method was linear in a concentration range from its instrumental quantification limit (IQL) to 500 ng/mL, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.999. The overall method performance was good for the majority of the analytes, with recoveries range from 63% to 121% in all the sample matrices. The method quantification limit (MQL) for the 10 target analytes in the soil, broiler manure and manure compost samples were 2-10, 3-16 and 5-15 μg/kg dry weight (DW), respectively. The method has also included tilmicosin, an antibiotic known to be reported in the environment for the first time. The developed method was then applied on broiler manure samples and its relative manure amended agricultural soil samples to identify and quantify veterinary antibiotic and hormone residues in the environment. These analytes were detected in broiler manure and soil samples, with maximum concentrations reaching up to 78516.1 μg/kg DW (doxycycline) and 1331.4 μg/kg DW (flumequine), respectively. The results showed that the method can potentially be adopted for the analysis of veterinary antibiotic and hormone wastes in solid environmental matrices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification
  11. Naing C, Kassim AI
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012 Jun;106(6):331-2.
    PMID: 22541873 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.03.003
    Studies have reported that only a small fraction of fever cases in malaria-endemic areas are actually caused by malaria. Much greater emphasis is now needed to step up attention to the appropriate management of nonmalarial acute undifferentiated febrile illness. There is an overlap at the start of clinical manifestations of different febrile illnesses which makes it difficult to adhere to the clinical guidelines. The development of rigorous guidelines based on high quality research and a consensus from the core group of content experts are needed. An innovative financing mechanism for universal access to such appropriate management should also be considered.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/economics; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use*
  12. Wong KC, Hamid A, Eldeen IM, Asmawi MZ, Baharuddin S, Abdillahi HS, et al.
    Nat Prod Res, 2012;26(9):850-8.
    PMID: 21999629 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.551770
    A new sesquiterpenoid, 1α,4β,7β-eudesmanetriol (1), was isolated together with the known compounds 1β,4β,7β-eudesmanetriol (2) and oplopanone (3) from the rhizomes of Homalomena sagittifolia. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectral analyses. The compounds 1 and 2 inhibited growth of Pseudomonas stutzeri with a MIC value of 117 µM when evaluated for antibacterial activity using the minimum concentration assay. Both these compounds showed remarkable activities against acetylcholinesterase enzyme with IC(50) values ranging between 25 and 26 µM. The isolation of these sesquiterpenoids and their biological activities observed in this study support the reported traditional uses of H. sagittifolia for the treatment of microbial related diseases and central nervous system disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
  13. Lim PP, Chong CP, Aziz NA
    Int J Clin Pharm, 2011 Dec;33(6):902-4.
    PMID: 21986835 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-011-9571-5
    CASE: Cefepime-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare adverse event (incidence <1.0%), based on data from clinical trials. However, there is limited post-marketing surveillance documentation on thrombocytopenia associated with cefepime. We describe a 45-year-old male who was admitted to the intensive care unit after allegedly being hit by a large metal bar in the right upper chest and shoulder. Rhabdomyolysis secondary to the trauma, pneumothorax, acute renal failure, and nosocomial sepsis were subsequently diagnosed. Four days after intravenous cefepime initiation, the patient developed thrombocytopenia with platelet count dropping from 102 × 10(3)/μL to 15 × 10(3)/μL. Cefepime was discontinued and the platelet count normalized to 140 × 10(3)/μL after 6 days. Use of the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a possible relationship between the patient's thrombocytopenia and cefepime therapy.

    CONCLUSION: Although cefepime-induced thrombocytopenia is rare, clinicians should be alert to this potential adverse effect among critically ill patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
  14. Chew YL, Chan EW, Tan PL, Lim YY, Stanslas J, Goh JK
    PMID: 21306653 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-12
    Many medicinal plants from Leguminosae family can be found easily in Malaysia. These plants have been used as traditional medicines by local ethnic groups, where they are prepared as decoction, pastes for wound infections, and some have been eaten as salad. This paper focused on the assessment of antioxidant potential, antibacterial activity and classes of phytochemicals of nine plants from the Leguminosae family.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*
  15. Ong MP, Sam IC, Azwa H, Mohd Zakaria IE, Kamarulzaman A, Wong MH, et al.
    J Infect, 2010 Nov;61(5):440-2.
    PMID: 20708031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2010.08.001
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/economics; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
  16. Tan HT, Rahman RA, Gan SH, Halim AS, Hassan SA, Sulaiman SA, et al.
    PMID: 19754926 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-9-34
    Antibiotic resistance of bacteria is on the rise, thus the discovery of alternative therapeutic agents is urgently needed. Honey possesses therapeutic potential, including wound healing properties and antimicrobial activity. Although the antimicrobial activity of honey has been effectively established against an extensive spectrum of microorganisms, it differs depending on the type of honey. To date, no extensive studies of the antibacterial properties of tualang (Koompassia excelsa) honey on wound and enteric microorganisms have been conducted. The objectives of this study were to conduct such studies and to compare the antibacterial activity of tualang honey with that of manuka honey.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
  17. Hoidy WH, Ahmad MB, Al-Mulla EA, Yunus WM, Ibrahim Na
    J Oleo Sci, 2010;59(1):15-9.
    PMID: 20032595
    In this study, fatty haydroxamic acids (FHAs), which have biological activities as antibiotics and antifungal, have been synthesized via refluxing of triacylglycrides, palm olein, palm stearin or corn oil with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The products were characterized using the complex formation test of hydroxamic acid group with zinc(I), copper(II) and iron(III), various technique methods including nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Parameters that may affect the conversion of oils to FHAs including the effect of reaction time, effect of organic solvent and effect of hydro/oil molar issue were also investigated in this study. Results of characterization indicate that FHAs were successfully produced from triacylglycrides. The conversion percentages of palm stearin, palm olein and corn oil into their fatty hydroxamic acids are 82, 81 and 78, respectively. Results also showed that hexane is the best organic solvent to produce the FHAs from the three oils used in this study. The optimum reaction time to achieve the maximum conversion percentage of the oils to FHAs was found to be 10 hours for all the three oils, while the optimum molar ration of hydro/to oil was found to be 7:1 for all the different three oils.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
  18. Yam WK, Wahab HA
    J Chem Inf Model, 2009 Jun;49(6):1558-67.
    PMID: 19469526 DOI: 10.1021/ci8003495
    Erythromycin A and roxithromycin are clinically important macrolide antibiotics that selectively act on the bacterial 50S large ribosomal subunit to inhibit bacteria's protein elongation process by blocking the exit tunnel for the nascent peptide away from ribosome. The detailed molecular mechanism of macrolide binding is yet to be elucidated as it is currently known to the most general idea only. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed to study their interaction at the molecular level, and the binding free energies for both systems were calculated using the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method. The calculated binding free energies for both systems were slightly overestimated compared to the experimental values, but individual energy terms enabled better understanding in the binding for both systems. Decomposition of results into residue basis was able to show the contribution of each residue at the binding pocket toward the binding affinity of macrolides and hence identified several key interacting residues that were in agreement with previous experimental and computational data. Results also indicated the contributions from van der Waals are more important and significant than electrostatic contribution in the binding of macrolides to the binding pocket. The findings from this study are expected to contribute to the understanding of a detailed mechanism of action in a quantitative matter and thus assisting in the development of a safer macrolide antibiotic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism*; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry*
  19. Nurliza I, Saim L
    Med J Malaysia, 2007 Aug;62(3):245-6.
    PMID: 18246917 MyJurnal
    We describe four cases of lateral sinus thrombosis secondary to otitis media. They presented with low-grade fever, headache, nausea, vomiting and ear discharge. One patient had facial nerve palsy. CT scan was helpful in managing these patients. They were treated with antibiotics followed by surgery. Two patients had intracranial abscesses and were treated accordingly.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
  20. Wahab HA, Yam WK, Samian MR, Najimudin N
    J Biomol Struct Dyn, 2008 Aug;26(1):131-46.
    PMID: 18533733
    Macrolides are a group of diverse class of naturally occurring and synthetic antibiotics made of macrocyclic-lactone ring carrying one or more sugar moieties linked to various atoms of the lactone ring. These macrolides selectively bind to a single high affinity site on the prokaryotic 50S ribosomal subunit, making them highly effective towards a wide range of bacterial pathogens. The understanding of binding between macrolides and ribosome serves a good basis in elucidating how they work at the molecular level and these findings would be important in rational drug design. Here, we report refinement of reconstructed PDB structure of erythromycin-ribosome system using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Interesting findings were observed in this refinement stage that could improve the understanding of the binding of erythromycin A (ERYA) onto the 50S subunit. The results showed ERYA was highly hydrated and water molecules were found to be important in bridging hydrogen bond at the binding pocket during the simulation time. ERYA binding to ribosome was also strengthened by hydrogen bond network and hydrophobic interactions between the antibiotic and the ribosome. Our MD simulation also demonstrated direct interaction of ERYA with Domains II, V and with C1773 (U1782EC), a residue in Domain IV that has yet been described of its role in ERYA binding. It is hoped that this refinement will serve as a starting model for a further enhancement of our understanding towards the binding of ERYA to ribosome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links