Displaying publications 501 - 520 of 1901 in total

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  1. Ng KT, Ong LY, Takebe Y, Kamarulzaman A, Tee KK
    J Virol, 2012 Oct;86(20):11405-6.
    PMID: 22997423
    We report here the first novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) 54_01B (CRF54_01B) isolated from three epidemiologically unlinked subjects of different risk groups in Malaysia. These recently sampled recombinants showed a complex genome organization composed of parental subtype B' and CRF01_AE, with identical recombination breakpoints observed in the gag, pol, and vif genes. Such a discovery highlights the ongoing active generation and spread of intersubtype recombinants involving the subtype B' and CRF01_AE lineages and indicates the potential of the new CRF in bridging HIV-1 transmission among different risk groups in Southeast Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Viral/analysis; RNA, Viral/genetics; Sequence Analysis, RNA
  2. Ngui R, Angal L, Fakhrurrazi SA, Lian YL, Ling LY, Ibrahim J, et al.
    Parasit Vectors, 2012;5:187.
    PMID: 22947430
    In this study, a total of 426 human faecal samples were examined for the presence of Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba moshkovskii infection via a combination of microscopic examination and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting 16S ribosomal RNA of Entamoeba species.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics; RNA, Protozoan/genetics
  3. Székely C, Shaharom F, Cech G, Mohamed K, Zin NA, Borkhanuddin MH, et al.
    Parasitol Res, 2012 Oct;111(4):1749-56.
    PMID: 22782473
    Tor tambroides, a common and appreciated cyprinid fish of the Tasik Kenyir water reservoir in Malaysia, is one of the species selected for propagation. This fish was first successfully propagated in Malaysia by the Department of Agriculture, Sarawak, Malaysia, and the breeding program continued throughout the country. The gills were frequently infected by a Myxobolus species to be described as Myxobolus tambroides sp. n. The small, 50 to 70 μm, round plasmodia of this species is located intralamellarly. Plasmodia were filled with pyriform myxospores, 9.9 and 7.4 μm wide. In sutural view, the caudal end of the myxospores had a distinctive valvular groove, parallel with the suture. Plasmodia caused deformations on the affected and the neighbouring gill lamellae. The 18S rDNA sequence of M. tambroides sp.n. did not show a close relationship with any other Myxobolus spp., represented in the GenBank. This might be an emerging parasite likely to impact the propagation of this fish.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics; RNA, Protozoan/genetics
  4. Freeman MA, Shinn AP
    Parasit Vectors, 2011;4:220.
    PMID: 22115202 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-4-220
    Myxosporeans are known from aquatic annelids but parasitism of platyhelminths by myxosporeans has not been widely reported. Hyperparasitism of gill monogeneans by Myxidium giardi has been reported from the European eel and Myxidium-like hyperparasites have also been observed during studies of gill monogeneans from Malaysia and Japan.The present study aimed to collect new hyperparasite material from Malaysia for morphological and molecular descriptions. In addition, PCR screening of host fish was undertaken to determine whether they are also hosts for the myxosporean.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics; RNA, Protozoan/genetics
  5. Freeman MA, Eydal M, Yoshimizu M, Watanabe K, Shinn AP, Miura K, et al.
    Parasit Vectors, 2011;4:15.
    PMID: 21299903 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-4-15
    Epidermal pseudotumours from Hippoglossoides dubius and Acanthogobius flavimanus in Japan and gill lesions in Limanda limanda from the UK have been shown to be caused by phylogenetically related protozoan parasites, known collectively as X-cells. However, the phylogenetic position of the X-cell group is not well supported within any of the existing protozoan phyla and they are currently thought to be members of the Alveolata.Ultrastructural features of X-cells in fish pseudotumours are somewhat limited and no typical environmental stages, such as spores or flagellated cells, have been observed. The life cycles for these parasites have not been demonstrated and it remains unknown how transmission to a new host occurs. In the present study, pseudobranchial pseudotumours from Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, in Iceland and epidermal pseudotumours from the northern black flounder, Pseudopleuronectes obscurus, in Japan were used in experimental transmission studies to establish whether direct transmission of the parasite is achievable. In addition, X-cells from Atlantic cod were sequenced to confirm whether they are phylogenetically related to other X-cells and epidermal pseudotumours from the northern black flounder were analysed to establish whether the same parasite is responsible for infecting different flatfish species in Japan.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics; RNA, Protozoan/genetics
  6. Ransangan J, Manin BO
    Vet Microbiol, 2010 Sep 28;145(1-2):153-7.
    PMID: 20427132 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.016
    Culture of Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch) is a popular aquaculture activity in Malaysia. This fish is in high demand and fetches a good price in the local market. The seed for this fish is commercially produced by induced spawning in hatcheries. However, the seed supply is affected by frequent mass mortality of larvae aged between 15 and 60 dph. The clinical signs shown by the affected larvae include lethargy, loss of appetite, uncoordinated swimming, unusual spiral movement pattern and dark coloration. Histological examination of brain and eye of the affected specimens revealed extensive cell vacuolation in larvae aged 15-25 dph. Partial nucleotide sequence of the nervous necrosis virus coat protein gene of the affected larvae showed 94.0-96.1% homology to the nucleotide sequences of coat protein gene from nervous necrosis virus isolated from other countries in the Southeast Asia and Australia. This study provides scientific evidence based on molecular technique that many episodes of mass mortality in seabass larvae in Sabah is associated with the viral nervous necrosis. Because no effective treatment has been reported for this infection, stringent biosecurity measures must be adopted for exclusion of the pathogen from the culture system.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA Virus Infections/pathology; RNA Virus Infections/veterinary*; RNA Virus Infections/virology
  7. Lim YA, Ramasame SD, Mahdy MA, Sulaiman WY, Smith HV
    Parasitol Res, 2009 Dec;106(1):289-91.
    PMID: 19705155 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1602-y
    Nine 50-l surface water samples from a Malaysian recreational lake were examined microscopically using an immunomagnetisable separation-immunofluorescent method. No Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected, but 77.8% of samples contained low numbers of Giardia cysts (range, 0.17-1.1 cysts/l), which were genetically characterised by SSU rRNA gene sequencing. Genotype analyses indicated the presence of Giardia duodenalis assemblage A suggesting potential risk to public health. The present study represents the first contribution to our knowledge of G. duodenalis assemblages in Malaysian recreational water.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics; RNA, Protozoan/genetics
  8. Liew PW, Jong BC
    J Microbiol Biotechnol, 2008 May;18(5):815-20.
    PMID: 18633276
    Two culture-independent methods, namely ribosomal DNA libraries and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), were adopted to examine the microbial community of a Malaysian light crude oil. In this study, both 16S and 18S rDNAs were PCR-amplified from bulk DNA of crude oil samples, cloned, and sequenced. Analyses of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and phylogenetics clustered the 16S and 18S rDNA sequences into seven and six groups, respectively. The ribosomal DNA sequences obtained showed sequence similarity between 90 to 100% to those available in the GenBank database. The closest relatives documented for the 16S rDNAs include member species of Thermoincola and Rhodopseudomonas, whereas the closest fungal relatives include Acremonium, Ceriporiopsis, Xeromyces, Lecythophora, and Candida. Others were affiliated to uncultured bacteria and uncultured ascomycete. The 16S rDNA library demonstrated predomination by a single uncultured bacterial type by >80% relative abundance. The predomination was confirmed by DGGE analysis.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics
  9. Pritchard LI, Daniels PW, Melville LF, Kirkland PD, Johnson SJ, Lunt R, et al.
    Vet. Ital., 2004 Oct-Dec;40(4):438-45.
    PMID: 20422566
    The authors have characterised the genetic diversity of the bluetongue virus (BTV) RNA segments 3 and 10 from Indonesia, Malaysia and Australia. Analysis of RNA segment 3, which codes for the core protein VP3, showed conserved sequences in the previously defined Australasian topotype, but which further divided into four distinct clades or genotypes. Certain genotypes appeared to be geographically restricted while others were distributed widely throughout South-East Asia. Ongoing surveillance programmes in Australia have identified the movement of Indonesian genotypes into northern Australia and possible reassortment among them. Similarly, analysis of RNA segment 10, which codes for the non-structural protein NS3/3A, showed they were also conserved and grouped into five clades or genotypes, three Asian and two North American/South African.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA
  10. Karim N, Pallesen G
    Malays J Pathol, 2003 Jun;25(1):45-7.
    PMID: 16196377
    Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has consistently been detected in the tumour cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphoepithelial-like carcinoma of the salivary glands, and have occasionally been found in similar tumours at other sites. Moreover, recent studies from various parts of the world including the Orient have shown about 10% of gastric carcinomas to be EBV-associated. We studied 50 gastric carcinomas from Malaysia to investigate its association with EBV in the Malaysian population. They comprised 37 intestinal and 13 diffuse type carcinomas from 32 male and 18 female patients, age range from 29 to 86 years with an ethnic distribution of Malay: Chinese: Indian with the ratio of 4: 27: 19. EBV gene and gene-expression were examined in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue using commercially available probes for detecting EBV encoded RNAs (EBERs) by in situ hybridization and monoclonal antibodies to EBV latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) by standard immunohistochemistry. Five of 50 gastric carcinomas showed EBER intranuclear positivity in all tumour cells but no cases expressed LMP-1. The EBV-associated cases were classified as intestinal type in 4 and diffuse type in one case and all were histologically unremarkable. EBV-positive tumours were found in 3 Chinese and 2 Indian patients with none in the small Malay group. Four EBV-positive tumours were in male patients, with age-range of 65 to 86 years. We conclude that our findings of about 10% of Malaysian gastric carcinomas being EBV-associated is in line with the results from other parts of the world and from other ethnic groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/analysis; RNA, Viral/analysis
  11. Trivedi K, Bhaskar V, Ganesh M, Venkataraghavan K, Choudhary P, Shah S, et al.
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2015 Aug;7(Suppl 2):S474-80.
    PMID: 26538901 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.163508
    AIM: This study evaluates erosive potential of commonly used beverages, medicated syrup, and their effects on dental enamel with and without restoration in vitro.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Test medias used in this study included carbonated beverage, noncarbonated beverage, high-energy sports drink medicated cough syrup, distilled water as the control. A total of 110 previously extracted human premolar teeth were selected for the study. Teeth were randomly divided into two groups. Test specimens were randomly distributed to five beverages groups and comprised 12 specimens per group. Surface roughness (profilometer) readings were performed at baseline and again, following immersion for 14 days (24 h/day). Microleakage was evaluated. The results obtained were analyzed for statistical significance using SPSS-PC package using the multiple factor ANOVA at a significance level of P < 0.05. Paired t-test, Friedman test ranks, and Wilcoxon signed ranks test.

    RESULTS: For surface roughness high-energy sports drink and noncarbonated beverage showed the highly significant difference with P values of 0.000 and 0.000, respectively compared to other test media. For microleakage high-energy sports drink had significant difference in comparison to noncarbonated beverage (P = 0.002), medicated syrup (P = 0.000), and distilled water (P = 0.000).

    CONCLUSION: High-energy sports drink showed highest surface roughness value and microleakage score among all test media and thus greater erosive potential to enamel while medicated syrup showed least surface roughness value and microleakage among all test media.

    Matched MeSH terms: RNA-Binding Proteins
  12. Ong-Abdullah M, Ordway JM, Jiang N, Ooi SE, Kok SY, Sarpan N, et al.
    Nature, 2015 Sep 24;525(7570):533-7.
    PMID: 26352475 DOI: 10.1038/nature15365
    Somaclonal variation arises in plants and animals when differentiated somatic cells are induced into a pluripotent state, but the resulting clones differ from each other and from their parents. In agriculture, somaclonal variation has hindered the micropropagation of elite hybrids and genetically modified crops, but the mechanism responsible remains unknown. The oil palm fruit 'mantled' abnormality is a somaclonal variant arising from tissue culture that drastically reduces yield, and has largely halted efforts to clone elite hybrids for oil production. Widely regarded as an epigenetic phenomenon, 'mantling' has defied explanation, but here we identify the MANTLED locus using epigenome-wide association studies of the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis. DNA hypomethylation of a LINE retrotransposon related to rice Karma, in the intron of the homeotic gene DEFICIENS, is common to all mantled clones and is associated with alternative splicing and premature termination. Dense methylation near the Karma splice site (termed the Good Karma epiallele) predicts normal fruit set, whereas hypomethylation (the Bad Karma epiallele) predicts homeotic transformation, parthenocarpy and marked loss of yield. Loss of Karma methylation and of small RNA in tissue culture contributes to the origin of mantled, while restoration in spontaneous revertants accounts for non-Mendelian inheritance. The ability to predict and cull mantling at the plantlet stage will facilitate the introduction of higher performing clones and optimize environmentally sensitive land resources.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA Splice Sites/genetics; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
  13. Cheong HT, Ng KT, Ong LY, Takebe Y, Chan KG, Koh C, et al.
    Genome Announc, 2015;3(6).
    PMID: 26543107 DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01220-15
    Three strains of HIV-1 unique recombinant forms (URFs) descended from subtypes B, B', and CRF01_AE were identified among people who inject drugs in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. These three URFs shared a common recombination breakpoint in the reverse transcriptase region, indicating frequent linkage within the drug-injecting networks in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
  14. Shahid F, Alam MK, Khamis MF
    Eur J Dent, 2016 4 21;10(2):176-182.
    PMID: 27095892 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.178299
    OBJECTIVE: Comprehensive diagnosis and treatment planning are essential in a successful orthodontic practice. The purpose of this study is to determine and compare intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy (IMTSD) using traditional digital caliper (DC) measurement on plaster dental models and stereomicroscopic digital dental models (SM).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The samples were randomly selected from different states of Pakistan. Total 7168 variables were measured on plaster dental casts (128) and SM digital dental models (128) according to the selection criteria. For IMTSD, the 6 variable measured as for anterior tooth size (maxilla, mandibular), overall tooth size (maxilla, mandibular), Bolton's anterior ratios (BAR), and Bolton's overall ratios (BOR). The independent t-test and ANOVA were used for statistical analyses.

    RESULTS: Significant sexual disparities in the sum of anterior tooth size and overall tooth size via DC and SM methods. No significant sexual disparities for BAR and BOR. No statistically significant differences were found in BAR and BOR between DC and SM. No significant differences were found on IMTSD ratio among different arch length and arch perimeters groups.

    CONCLUSIONS: Norms were developed based on DC and SM for IMTSD. Sexual disparities were observed in the sum of teeth size. However, no significant differences in BAR and BOR for IMTSD between the two methods.

    Matched MeSH terms: RNA-Binding Proteins
  15. Fulazzaky MA, Abdullah S, Salim MR
    Data Brief, 2016 Jun;7:834-8.
    PMID: 27077083 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.058
    The goal of this study was to identify the biosurfactant-producing bacteria isolated from agro-food industrial effluet. The identification of the potential bacterial strain using a polymerase chain reaction of the 16S rRNA gene analysis was closely related to Serratia marcescens with its recorded strain of SA30 "Fundamentals of mass transfer and kinetics for biosorption of oil and grease from agro-food industrial effluent by Serratia marcescens SA30" (Fulazzaky et al., 2015) [1]; however, many biochemical tests have not been published yet. The biochemical tests of biosurfactant production, haemolytic assay and cell surface hydrophobicity were performed to investigate the beneficial strain of biosurfactant-producing bacteria. Here we do share data collected from the biochemical tests to get a better understanding of the use of Serratia marcescens SA30 to degrade oil, which contributes the technical features of strengthening the biological treatment of oil-contaminated wastewater in tropical environments.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
  16. Wacharapluesadee S, Samseeneam P, Phermpool M, Kaewpom T, Rodpan A, Maneeorn P, et al.
    Virol J, 2016;13(1):53.
    PMID: 27016237 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0510-x
    Nipah virus (NiV) first emerged in Malaysia in 1998, with two bat species (Pteropus hypomelanus and P. vampyrus) as the putative natural reservoirs. In 2002, NiV IgG antibodies were detected in these species from Thailand, but viral RNA could not be detected for strain characterization. Two strains of NiV (Malaysia and Bangladesh) have been found in P. lylei in central Thailand, although Bangladesh strain, the causative strain for the outbreak in Bangladesh since 2001, was dominant. To understand the diversity of NiV in Thailand, this study identified NiV strain, using molecular characterizations, from P. hypomelanus in southern Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Viral
  17. Nithya R, Ahmed SA, Hoe CH, Gopinath SC, Citartan M, Chinni SV, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(3):e0118668.
    PMID: 25774907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118668
    Salmonellosis, a communicable disease caused by members of the Salmonella species, transmitted to humans through contaminated food or water. It is of paramount importance, to generate accurate detection methods for discriminating the various Salmonella species that cause severe infection in humans, including S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A. Here, we formulated a strategy of detection and differentiation of salmonellosis by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay using S. Typhi non-protein coding RNA (sRNA) genes. With the designed sequences that specifically detect sRNA genes from S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A, a detection limit of up to 10 pg was achieved. Moreover, in a stool-seeding experiment with S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A, we have attained a respective detection limit of 15 and 1.5 CFU/mL. The designed strategy using sRNA genes shown here is comparatively sensitive and specific, suitable for clinical diagnosis and disease surveillance, and sRNAs represent an excellent molecular target for infectious disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Untranslated/genetics*; RNA, Untranslated/isolation & purification; RNA, Untranslated/chemistry
  18. Shirako Y, Yamaguchi Y
    J Gen Virol, 2000 May;81(Pt 5):1353-60.
    PMID: 10769079
    Sagiyama virus (SAG) is a member of the genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae, isolated in Japan from mosquitoes in 1956. We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the SAG genomic RNA from the original stock virus which formed a mixture of plaques with different sizes, and that from a full-length cDNA clone, pSAG2, infectious RNA transcripts from which formed uniform large plaques on BHK-21 cells. The SAG genome was 11698 nt in length exclusive of the 3' poly(A) tail. Between the complete nucleotide sequences of the full-length cDNA clone, pSAG2, and the consensus sequence from the original stock virus, there were nine amino acid differences; two each in nsP1, nsP2 and E1, and three in E2, some of which may be responsible for plaque phenotypic variants in the original virus stock. SAG was most closely related to Ross River virus among other alphaviruses fully sequenced, with amino acid sequence identities of 86% in the nonstructural proteins and of 83% in the structural proteins. The 3' terminal 280 nt region of SAG was 82% identical to that of Barmah Forest virus, which was otherwise not closely related to SAG. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence of SAG with partial nucleotide sequences of Getah virus (GET), which was originally isolated in Malaysia in 1955 and is closely related to SAG in serology and in biology, showed near identity between the two viruses, suggesting that SAG is a strain of GET.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases*; RNA, Viral/genetics
  19. Mohamed NA, Rashid ZZ, Wong KK
    J Clin Lab Anal, 2014 May;28(3):224-8.
    PMID: 24478138 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21670
    BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping is important for treatment and epidemiological purposes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of AmpliSens(®) HCV-1/2/3-FRT kit in comparison to sequencing method for genotyping.

    METHODS: A total of 17 samples collected from December 2009 to January 2011 were analyzed. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed, followed by sequencing technique. Results were analyzed based on sequence information in GenBank. A second genotyping method (AmpliSens(®) HCV-1/2/3-FRT) was done, which differentiates HCV genotypes by means of real-time hybridization-fluorescence detection.

    RESULTS: From 17 samples, four were untypeable by AmpliSens(®) HCV-1/2/3-FRT. Eleven of 13 (84.6%) results showed concordant genotypes. A specimen that was determined as genotype 3a by sequencing was genotype 1 by the AmpliSens(®) HCV-1/2/3-FRT. Another specimen that was genotype 1 by sequencing was identified as genotype 3 by AmpliSens(®) HCV-1/2/3-FRT.

    CONCLUSION: HCV genotyping with AmpliSens(®) HCV-1/2/3-FRT using real-time PCR method provides a much simpler and more feasible workflow with shorter time compared to sequencing method. There was good concordance compared to sequencing method. However, more evaluation studies would be required to show statistical significance, and to troubleshoot discordant results. AmpliSens(®) HCV-1/2/3-FRT does differentiate between genotype but not until subtype level.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, RNA
  20. Rupert R, Lie GJCW, John DV, Annammala KV, Jani J, Rodrigues KF
    Data Brief, 2020 Dec;33:106351.
    PMID: 33072827 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106351
    The data provided in the article includes the sequence of bacterial 16S rRNA gene from a high conservation value forest, logged forest, rubber plantation and oil palm plantation collected at Kelantan river basin. The logged forest area was previously notified as a flooding region. The total gDNA of bacterial community was amplified via polymerase chain reaction at V3-V4 regions using a pair of specific universal primer. Amplicons were sequenced on Illumina HiSeq paired-end platform to generate 250 bp paired-end raw reads. Several bioinformatics tools such as FLASH, QIIME and UPARSE were used to process the reads generated for OTU analysis. Meanwhile, R&D software was used to construct the taxonomy tree for all samples. Raw data files are available at the Sequence Read Archive (SRA), NCBI and data information can be found at the BioProject and BioSample, NCBI. The data shows the comparison of bacterial community between the natural forest and different land uses.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
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