Displaying publications 561 - 580 of 1201 in total

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  1. Fulltext Cytotoxic effect of Alpinia scabra (Blume) Náves extracts on human breast and ovarian cancer cells
    Reddy AS, Abd Malek SN, Ibrahim H, Sim KS
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2013 Nov 12;13:314.
    PMID: 24215354 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-314
    BACKGROUND: Alpinia scabra, locally known as 'Lengkuas raya', is an aromatic, perennial and rhizomatous herb from the family Zingiberaceae. It is a wild species which grows largely on mountains at moderate elevations in Peninsular Malaysia, but it can also survive in the lowlands like in the states of Terengganu and Northern Johor. The present study reports the cytotoxic potential of A. scabra extracts from different parts of the plant.

    METHODS: The experimental approach in the present study was based on a bioassay-guided fractionation. The crude methanol and fractionated extracts (hexane, chloroform and water) from different parts of A. scabra (leaves, rhizomes, roots and pseudo stems) were prepared prior to the cytotoxicity evaluation against human ovarian (SKOV-3) and hormone-dependent breast (MCF7) carcinoma cells. The identified cytotoxic extracts were then subjected to chemical investigations in order to identify the active ingredients. A normal human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5) was used to determine the specificity for cancerous cells. The cytotoxic extracts and fractions were also subjected to morphological assessment, DNA fragmentation analysis and DAPI nuclear staining.

    RESULTS: The leaf (hexane and chloroform) and rhizome (chloroform) extracts showed high inhibitory effect against the tested cells. Ten fractions (LC1-LC10) were yielded after purification of the leaf chloroform extract. Fraction LC4 which showed excellent cytotoxic activity was further purified and resulted in 17 sub-fractions (VLC1-VLC17). Sub-fraction VLC9 showed excellent cytotoxicity against MCF7 and SKOV-3 cells but not toxic against normal MRC-5 cells. Meanwhile, eighteen fractions (RC1-RC18) were obtained after purification of the rhizome chloroform extract, of which fraction RC5 showed cytotoxicity against SKOV-3 cells with high selectivity index. There were marked morphological changes when observed using phase-contrast inverted microscope, DAPI nuclear staining and also DNA fragmentations in MCF7 and SKOV-3 cells after treatment with the cytotoxic extracts and fractions which were indicative of cell apoptosis. Methyl palmitate and methyl stearate were identified in the hexane leaf extract by GC-MS analysis.

    CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained from the current study demonstrated that the cell death induced by cytotoxic extracts and fractions of A. scabra may be due to apoptosis induction which was characterized by apoptotic morphological changes and DNA fragmentation. The active ingredients in the leaf sub-fraction VLC9 and rhizome fraction RC5 may lead to valuable compounds that have the ability to kill cancer cells but not normal cells.

    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/toxicity*
  2. Fulltext Biological activities and phytochemicals of Swietenia macrophylla King
    Moghadamtousi SZ, Goh BH, Chan CK, Shabab T, Kadir HA
    Molecules, 2013 Aug 30;18(9):10465-83.
    PMID: 23999722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180910465
    Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae) is an endangered and medicinally important plant indigenous to tropical and subtropical regions of the World. S. macrophylla has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. The review reveals that limonoids and its derivatives are the major constituents of S. macrophylla. There are several data in the literature indicating a great variety of pharmacological activities of S. macrophylla, which exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, antimutagenic, anticancer, antitumor and antidiabetic activities. Various other activities like anti-nociceptive, hypolipidemic, antidiarrhoeal, anti-infective, antiviral, antimalarial, acaricidal, antifeedant and heavy metal phytoremediation activity have also been reported. In view of the immense medicinal importance of S. macrophylla, this review aimed at compiling all currently available information on its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of S. macrophylla, showing its importance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
  3. Physalin F from Physalis minima L. triggers apoptosis-based cytotoxic mechanism in T-47D cells through the activation caspase-3- and c-myc-dependent pathways
    Ooi KL, Muhammad TS, Sulaiman SF
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2013 Oct 28;150(1):382-8.
    PMID: 24051023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.014
    Physalin F (a secosteroid derivative), is well recognized as a potent anticancer compound from Physalis minima L., a plant that is traditionally used to treat cancer. However, the exact molecular anticancer mechanism remains to be elucidated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*
  4. Fulltext Cytotoxicity of nickel zinc ferrite nanoparticles on cancer cells of epithelial origin
    Al-Qubaisi MS, Rasedee A, Flaifel MH, Ahmad SH, Hussein-Al-Ali S, Hussein MZ, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2013;8:2497-508.
    PMID: 23885175 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S42367
    In this study, in vitro cytotoxicity of nickel zinc (NiZn) ferrite nanoparticles against human colon cancer HT29, breast cancer MCF7, and liver cancer HepG2 cells was examined. The morphology, homogeneity, and elemental composition of NiZn ferrite nanoparticles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. The exposure of cancer cells to NiZn ferrite nanoparticles (15.6-1,000 μg/mL; 72 hours) has resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The quantification of caspase-3 and -9 activities and DNA fragmentation to assess the cell death pathway of the treated cells showed that both were stimulated when exposed to NiZn ferrite nanoparticles. Light microscopy examination of the cells exposed to NiZn ferrite nanoparticles demonstrated significant changes in cellular morphology. The HepG2 cells were most prone to apoptosis among the three cells lines examined, as the result of treatment with NiZn nanoparticles. In conclusion, NiZn ferrite nanoparticles are suggested to have potential cytotoxicity against cancer cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology*; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
  5. Induction of apoptosis against cancer cell lines by four ascomycetes (endophytes) from Malaysian rainforest
    Hazalin NA, Ramasamy K, Lim SM, Cole AL, Majeed AB
    Phytomedicine, 2012 May 15;19(7):609-17.
    PMID: 22397996 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.01.007
    Endophytic fungi have been shown to be a promising source of biologically active natural products. In the present study, extracts of four endophytic fungi isolated from plants of the National Park, Pahang were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity and the nature of their active compounds determined. Those extracts exhibiting activity with IC(50) values less than 17 μg/ml against HCT116, MCF-7 and K562 cell lines were shown to induce apoptosis in these cell lines. Molecular analysis, based on sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS4, revealed all four endophytic fungi to be ascomycetes: three sordariomycetes and a dothideomycete. Six known compounds, cytochalasin J, dechlorogriseofulvin, demethylharzianic-acid, griseofulvin, harzianic acid and 2-hexylidene-3-methyl-succinic acid were identified from a rapid dereplication technique for fungal metabolites using an in-house UV library. The results from the present study suggest the potential of endophytic fungi as cytotoxic agents, and there is an indication that the isolates contain bioactive compounds that mainly kill cancer cells by apoptosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use*
  6. Biological and cytoselective anticancer properties of copper(II)-polypyridyl complexes modulated by auxiliary methylated glycine ligand
    Seng HL, Wang WS, Kong SM, Alan Ong HK, Win YF, Raja Abd Rahman RN, et al.
    Biometals, 2012 Oct;25(5):1061-81.
    PMID: 22836829 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-012-9572-4
    A series of ternary copper(II)-1,10-phenanthroline complexes with glycine and methylated glycine derivatives, [Cu(phen)(aa)(H(2)O)]NO(3)·xH(2)O 1-4 (amino acid (aa): glycine (gly), 1; DL: -alanine (DL: -ala), 2; 2,2-dimethylglycine (C-dmg), 3; sarcosine (sar), 4), were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, elemental analysis, electrospray ionization-mass spectra (ESI-MS), UV-visible spectroscopy and molar conductivity measurement. The determined X-ray crystallographic structures of 2 and 3 show each to consist of distorted square pyramidal [Cu(phen)(aa)(H(2)O)](+) cation, a nitrate counter anion, and with or without lattice water, similar to previously reported structure of [Cu(phen)(gly)(H(2)O)]NO(3)·1½H(2)O. It is found that 1-4 exist as 1:1 electrolytes in aqueous solution, and the cationic copper(II) complexes are at least stable up to 24 h. Positive-ion ESI-MS spectra show existence of only undissociated [Cu(phen)(aa)](+) species. Electron paramagnetic resonance, gel electrophoresis, fluorescence quenching, and restriction enzyme inhibition assay were used to study the binding interaction, binding affinity and selectivity of these complexes for various types of B-form DNA duplexes and G-quadruplex. All complexes can bind selectively to DNA by intercalation and electrostatic forces, and inhibit topoisomerase I. The effect of the methyl substituents of the coordinated amino acid in the above complexes on these biological properties are presented and discussed. The IC(50) values (24 h) of 1-4 for nasopharyngeal cancer cell line HK1 are in the range 2.2-5.2 μM while the corresponding values for normal cell line NP69 are greater than 13.0 μM. All complexes, at 5 μM, induced 41-60 % apoptotic cell death in HK1 cells but no significant cell death in NP69 cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology*; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
  7. In vitro anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of boesenbergin A, a chalcone isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) (fingerroot)
    Isa NM, Abdelwahab SI, Mohan S, Abdul AB, Sukari MA, Taha MM, et al.
    Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res., 2012 Jun;45(6):524-30.
    PMID: 22358425
    The current in vitro study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of boesenbergin A (BA), a chalcone derivative of known structure isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), non-small cell lung cancer (A549), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3), and normal hepatic cells (WRL-68) were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of BA using the MTT assay. The antioxidant activity of BA was assessed by the ORAC assay and compared to quercetin as a standard reference antioxidant. ORAC results are reported as the equivalent concentration of Trolox that produces the same level of antioxidant activity as the sample tested at 20 µg/mL. The toxic effect of BA on different cell types, reported as IC50, yielded 20.22 ± 3.15, 10.69 ± 2.64, 20.31 ± 1.34, 94.10 ± 1.19, and 9.324 ± 0.24 µg/mL for A549, PC3, HepG2, HT-29, and WRL-68, respectively. BA displayed considerable antioxidant activity, when the results of ORAC assay were reported as Trolox equivalents. BA (20 µg/mL) and quercetin (5 µg/mL) were equivalent to a Trolox concentration of 11.91 ± 0.23 and 160.32 ± 2.75 µM, respectively. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory activity of BA was significant at 12.5 to 50 µM and without any significant cytotoxicity for the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 at 50 µM. The significant biological activities observed in this study indicated that BA may be one of the agents responsible for the reported biological activities of B. rotunda crude extract.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
  8. Fulltext Preparation of hippurate-zinc layered hydroxide nanohybrid and its synergistic effect with tamoxifen on HepG2 cell lines
    Hussein Al Ali SH, Al-Qubaisi M, Hussein MZ, Zainal Z, Hakim MN
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2011;6:3099-111.
    PMID: 22163163 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S24510
    A new simple preparation method for a hippurate-intercalated zinc-layered hydroxide (ZLH) nanohybrid has been established, which does not need an anion-exchange procedure to intercalate the hippurate anion into ZLH interlayers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology*; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/chemistry
  9. Fulltext The apoptotic effect of 1's-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate from Alpinia conchigera on human cancer cells
    Awang K, Azmi MN, Aun LI, Aziz AN, Ibrahim H, Nagoor NH
    Molecules, 2010 Nov;15(11):8048-59.
    PMID: 21063268 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15118048
    1'-(S)-1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) isolated from the Malaysian ethno-medicinal plant Alpinia conchigera Griff. was investigated for its potential as an anticancer drug. In this communication, we describe the cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of ACA on five human tumour cell lines. Data from MTT cell viability assays indicated that ACA induced both time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity on all tumour cell lines tested and had no adverse cytotoxic effects on normal cells. Total mortality of the entire tumour cell population was achieved within 30 hrs when treated with ACA at 40.0 µM concentration. Flow cytometric analysis for annexin-V and PI dual staining demonstrated that cell death occurred via apoptosis, followed by secondary necrosis. The apoptotic effects of ACA were confirmed via the DNA fragmentation assay, in which consistent laddering of genomic DNA was observed for all tumour cell lines after a 24 hrs post-treatment period at the IC(50) concentration of ACA. A cell cycle analysis using PI staining also demonstrated that ACA induced cell cycle arrest at the G(0)/G(1) phase, corresponding to oral tumour cell lines. In conclusion, ACA exhibits enormous potential for future development as a chemotherapeutic drug against various malignancies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology*
  10. Typhonium flagelliforme inhibits the proliferation of murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro and induces apoptosis in vivo
    Mohan S, Abdul AB, Abdelwahab SI, Al-Zubairi AS, Aspollah Sukari M, Abdullah R, et al.
    Leuk. Res., 2010 Nov;34(11):1483-92.
    PMID: 20569984 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.04.023
    Typhonium flagelliforme (TF) is a tropical plant, traditionally used by the ethnic population of Malaysia for the cure of various cancers. This plant had shown to induce antiproliferative effect as well as apoptosis in cancer cells. However, there is no available information to address that TF affects murine leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigated in vitro and in vivo effects of TF on murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells. It was found that the growth of leukemia cells in vitro was inhibited by the various extracts of TF. Among these fractions, the dichloromethane (DCM) tuber extracts of TF showed the lowest IC(50) (24.0 ± 5.2 μg/ml) and had demonstrated apoptogenic effect when observed under fluorescent microscope. We investigated the in vivo effects of DCM tuber extracts of TF on murine leukemia cells, and the results showed that the counts of immature granulocytes and monocytes were significantly decreased in peripheral blood of BALB/c leukemia mice after the oral administration of DCM tuber extracts of TF for 28 days with three doses (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg). These results were confirmed by observing the spleen histopathology and morphology of enlarged spleen and liver in leukemia mice when compared with the control. Furthermore, the cell death mechanism in the spleen tissue of treated mice was found via apoptosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification*; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
  11. Cytotoxicity of Vibrio cholerae on Madin Darby Bovine Kidney cells
    Haque QM, Mohamad NF, Helaluddin AB, Saeed M
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2010 Oct;23(4):393-7.
    PMID: 20884452
    The cytotoxicity of cell-free culture filtrates of 31 isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139, 5 reference strains and 26 clinical isolates, was tested on Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells and Vero cells. The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used to detect the effect of the filtrates on the proliferation and viability of cultured cell populations. The filtrates were prepared from serial ten-fold dilutions of inoculated AKI and APW broth media with and without the addition of polymyxin B. The APW culture filtrates of both V. cholerae O1 and O139 with and without added polymyxin B showed greater toxicity to MDBK cells as compared to AKI filtrates. The cytotoxicity of AKI-grown V. cholerae O139 to MDBK cells was greater than that of V. cholerae O1 grown in the same medium. The cytotoxicity of APW filtrates on Vero cells was low and only noted when polymyxin was added to the medium.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology*; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry*
  12. Fulltext Anticancer activity of a sub-fraction of dichloromethane extract of Strobilanthes crispus on human breast and prostate cancer cells in vitro
    Yaacob NS, Hamzah N, Nik Mohamed Kamal NN, Zainal Abidin SA, Lai CS, Navaratnam V, et al.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2010;10:42.
    PMID: 20684795 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-42
    The leaves of Strobilanthes crispus (S. crispus) which is native to the regions of Madagascar to the Malay Archipelago, are used in folk medicine for their antidiabetic, diuretic, anticancer and blood pressure lowering properties. Crude extracts of this plant have been found to be cytotoxic to human cancer cell lines and protective against chemically-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. In this study, the cytotoxicity of various sub-fractions of dichloromethane extract isolated from the leaves of S. crispus was determined and the anticancer activity of one of the bioactive sub-fractions, SC/D-F9, was further analysed in breast and prostate cancer cell lines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use*
  13. Fulltext Imatinib mesylate in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia: a local experience
    Bee PC, Gan GG, Teh A, Haris AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):547-52.
    PMID: 17623954 MyJurnal
    This study was done to assess the overall response rate of imatinib mesylate in local patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. A total of 69 patients were recruited with male/female ratio of 7:3. Of the 69 patients; 35% were in the chronic phase, 41% were in the accelerated phase, 17% were in blast crisis and the remaining 7% were after stem cell transplantation. Complete haematological response rates of patients in chronic phase, accelerated phase and blast crisis were 95.8%, 96.4% and 41.7% respectively. Thirty-eight percent of patients achieved complete cytogenetic response and 10% achieved partial cytogenetic response. The cytogenetic response rates were 80%, 41.7% and 18.2% in chronic, accelerated and blast crisis phase respectively (p < 0.005). Twenty-six percent of patients developed anaemia, 13% had neutropenia and 12% had thrombocytopenia after starting on treatment. In addition, 14% of patients developed peripheral oedema, 13% complained of musculoskeletal pain, 12% had gastrointestinal side effects which include nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, 9% had grade 1 hepatotoxicity, 7% developed skin rashes and one patient had an abnormal renal function test. Patients taking 600mg or higher dosage of imatinib had more gastrointestinal side effects. Patients who weighed less than 60kg had a much higher risk of developing anaemia. Anaemia was a negative predictor of cytogenetic response. Presenting high white blood cell counts and absence of cytogenetic response were also negative predictors of survival. Overall survival was 87%. This was affected by the different phases of disease (chronic phase was better than accelerated and blast crisis) (p < 0.001). In conclusion, our local CML patients did well on treatment with imatinib.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use*
  14. Epidermal growth factor receptor targeted therapy with gefitinib in locally advanced and metastatic primary lung adenocarcinoma
    Liam CK, Pang YK, Leow CH
    Respirology, 2006 May;11(3):287-91.
    PMID: 16635086
    To describe the efficacy of monotherapy with the epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib in patients with locally advanced and metastatic primary lung adenocarcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use*
  15. Paronychia induced by the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor cetuximab
    Lee SL, Tan BS, Chan LC
    J Oncol Pharm Pract, 2013 Sep;19(3):273-8.
    PMID: 23161875 DOI: 10.1177/1078155212461289
    While the development of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors has been hailed as a remarkable triumph in the field of oncology, it has inherited with it a host of cutaneous side-effects that have been increasingly observed in a substantial number of patients in the recent years. One cutaneous manifestation that may inflict significant pain and affect activities of daily living among some of the patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors is paronychia. A case of paronychia associated with the use of cetuximab in the management of KRAS wild-type midrectal adenocarcinoma along with its management has been described.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects*; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
  16. Growth arrest and non-apoptotic programmed cell death associated with the up-regulation of c-myc mRNA expression in T-47D breast tumor cells following exposure to Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. hexane extract
    Tan ML, Muhammad TS, Najimudin N, Sulaiman SF
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2005 Jan 15;96(3):375-83.
    PMID: 15619555
    Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. hexane extract produced a significant growth inhibition against T-47D breast carcinoma cells and analysis of cell death mechanisms indicated that the extract elicited a non-apoptotic programmed cell death. T-47D cells exposed to the extract at EC(50) concentration (72 h) for 24 h failed to demonstrate typical DNA fragmentation associated with apoptosis, as carried out using a modified TUNEL assay. In addition, acute exposure to the extract produced an insignificant regulation of caspase-3 and p53 mRNA expression but increased in the c-myc mRNA expression. Ultrastructural analysis using transmission electron microscope demonstrated distinct vacuolated cells, which strongly indicated a Type II non-apoptotic cell death although the changes in chromatin were also detected. The presence of non-apoptotic programmed cell death was then reconfirmed with annexin-V and propidium iodide staining. These findings suggested that up-regulation of c-myc mRNA expression may have contributed to the growth arrest and Type II non-apoptotic programmed cell death in the Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. hexane extract-treated T-47D cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
  17. Fulltext Hippuric acid nanocomposite enhances doxorubicin and oxaliplatin-induced cytotoxicity in MDA-MB231, MCF-7 and Caco2 cell lines
    Hussein Al Ali SH, Al-Qubaisi M, Hussein MZ, Ismail M, Bullo S
    Drug Des Devel Ther, 2013;7:25-31.
    PMID: 23345969 DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S37070
    The aim of the current study is to design a new nanocomposite for inducing cytotoxicity of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin toward MDA-MB231, MCF-7, and Caco2 cell lines. A hippuric acid (HA) zinc layered hydroxide (ZLH) nanocomposite was synthesized under an aqueous environment using HA and zinc oxide (ZnO) as the precursors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology*
  18. Fulltext Antifungal, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity activities of three varieties of labisia pumila benth: from microwave obtained extracts
    Karimi E, Jaafar HZ, Ahmad S
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2013;13:20.
    PMID: 23347830 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-20
    Labisia pumila, locally known as Kacip Fatimah, is a forest-floor plant that has tremendous potential in the herbal industry. It is one of the five herbal plants identified by the government as one of the national key economic areas to be developed for commercial purposes. There are three varieties of L. pumila namely, L. pumila var. pumila, L. pumila var. alata and L. pumila var. lanceolata and each has its own use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use*
  19. Eldecalcitol (ED-71), an analog of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as a potential anti-cancer agent for oral squamous cell carcinomas
    Shintani T, Rosli SNZ, Takatsu F, Choon YF, Hayashido Y, Toratani S, et al.
    J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2016 11;164:79-84.
    PMID: 26444325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.043
    We have previously reported that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits NF-κB activity and thus inhibits growth of OSCC cells in serum-free culture and down-regulates HBp17/FGFBP-1 expression, which is important for cancer cell growth and angiogenesis. Here, we have investigated the effects of ED-71, an analog of vitamin D3 (VD) on OSCC cell lines in serum-free culture. It is known that ED-71 has a stronger inhibitory effect on bone resorption compared to VD and other VD analogs. To the best of our knowledge, there was no report examining the potential of ED-71 as an anti-cancer agent for OSCC. We found that ED-71 is able to inhibit the growth of cancer cell lines at a concentration of hundred times lower than calcitriol. As Cyp24A1 was reportedly induced in cancer cells, we measured the expression of CYP24A1 in OSCC cell lines (NA and UE), A431 epidermoid carcinoma and normal fibroblast cell (gfi) in serum-free culture. As a result, CYP24A1 mRNA and the protein expression in the OSCC cells treated with ED-71 increased in a dose-dependent manner. However, in vivo experiment, in which the A431 cells were implanted in mice, tumor formation was reduced by the ED-71 treatment with no significant difference between Cyp24A1 expression in the tumors of ED-71-treated and control group, as analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. These results suggest that ED-71 is a potential anti-cancer agent for OSCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry*
  20. Fulltext Cycloart-24-ene-26-ol-3-one, a New Cycloartane Isolated from Leaves of Aglaia exima Triggers Tumour Necrosis Factor-Receptor 1-Mediated Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cell Line
    Leong KH, Looi CY, Loong XM, Cheah FK, Supratman U, Litaudon M, et al.
    PLoS One, 2016;11(4):e0152652.
    PMID: 27070314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152652
    Plants in the Meliaceae family are known to possess interesting biological activities, such as antimalaral, antihypertensive and antitumour activities. Previously, our group reported the plant-derived compound cycloart-24-ene-26-ol-3-one isolated from the hexane extracts of Aglaia exima leaves, which shows cytotoxicity towards various cancer cell lines, in particular, colon cancer cell lines. In this report, we further demonstrate that cycloart-24-ene-26-ol-3-one, from here forth known as cycloartane, reduces the viability of the colon cancer cell lines HT-29 and CaCO-2 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Further elucidation of the compound's mechanism showed that it binds to tumour necrosis factor-receptor 1 (TNF-R1) leading to the initiation of caspase-8 and, through the activation of Bid, in the activation of caspase-9. This activity causes a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the release of cytochrome-C. The activation of caspase-8 and -9 both act to commit the cancer cells to apoptosis through downstream caspase-3/7 activation, PARP cleavage and the lack of NFkB translocation into the nucleus. A molecular docking study showed that the cycloartane binds to the receptor through a hydrophobic interaction with cysteine-96 and hydrogen bonds with lysine-75 and -132. The results show that further development of the cycloartane as an anti-cancer drug is worthwhile.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
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