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Fulltext Classification of community-acquired outbreaks for the global transmission of COVID-19: Machine learning and statistical model analysis

Wang WC, Lin TY, Chiu SY, Chen CN, Sarakarn P, Ibrahim M, et al.

J Formos Med Assoc, 2021 Jun;120 Suppl 1:S26-S37.
PMID: 34083090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.05.010

BACKGROUND: As Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to the unprecedent large-scale repeated surges of epidemics worldwide since the end of 2019, data-driven analysis to look into the duration and case load of each episode of outbreak worldwide has been motivated.
METHODS: Using open data repository with daily infected, recovered and death cases in the period between March 2020 and April 2021, a descriptive analysis was performed. The susceptible-exposed-infected-recovery model was used to estimate the effective productive number (Rt). The duration taken from Rt > 1 to Rt
Fulltext Closed tibia fracture. "The effect of an intact fibula and the location of tibia fracture on fracture union"

Ibrahim MM, Mohd R, Ruslan R

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53 Suppl A:27-34.
PMID: 10968180

Tibial fractures are common and complications occur more frequently than any other long bone fractures. The effect of fibula and location of fracture on union of Tibia fracture remain controversial. A retrospective study of unilateral closed tibial shaft fractures without any associated injury was done. From 1988 to 1992, 74 out of 103 patients were available for the study. There were 60 males and 14 females with the age ranges from 3 to 75 years with an average of 29.7 years. The differences of fractures healing were analyses with respect to the status of the fibula and the location of the tibial fracture. This study concludes that the location of the fracture and the status of the fibula have no significant influence on healing (p > 0.05).
Fulltext Collagen Induces a More Proliferative, Migratory and Chemoresistant Phenotype in Head and Neck Cancer via DDR1

Lai SL, Tan ML, Hollows RJ, Robinson M, Ibrahim M, Margielewska S, et al.

Cancers (Basel), 2019 Nov 09;11(11).
PMID: 31717573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111766

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and includes squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx and oral cavity. Patient prognosis has remained poor for decades and molecular targeted therapies are not in routine use. Here we showed that the overall expression of collagen subunit genes was higher in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) than normal fibroblasts. Focusing on collagen8A1 and collagen11A1, we showed that collagen is produced by both CAFs and tumour cells, indicating that HNSCCs are collagen-rich environments. We then focused on discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a collagen-activated receptor tyrosine kinase, and showed that it is over-expressed in HNSCC tissues. Further, we demonstrated that collagen promoted the proliferation and migration of HNSCC cells and attenuated the apoptotic response to cisplatin. Knockdown of DDR1 in HNSCC cells demonstrated that these tumour-promoting effects of collagen are mediated by DDR1. Our data suggest that specific inhibitors of DDR1 might provide novel therapeutic opportunities to treat HNSCC.
Combination of vascularized outer-table calvarial bone graft based on the superficial temporal vessels and allomatrix for the repair of an orbito-frontal blow-out fracture in a child

Ali F, Halim AS, Najihah SZ, Ibrahim M, Abdullah J

J Craniomaxillofac Surg, 2005 Oct;33(5):326-30.
PMID: 16125400

A vascularized outer-table calvarial bone graft was used for repairing a Posnick type 2 traumatic orbito-frontal bone defect supported by the use of a calcium-based putty (Allomatrix) in a 7-year-old girl. Gaps between the donor and recipient sites were filled with Allomatrix containing demineralized bone matrix particles. Four years later there was a good cosmetic result using an artificial left eye.
Comparison of the effects of three different Baccaurea angulata whole fruit juice doses on plasma, aorta and liver MDA levels, antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity

Ibrahim M, Mikail MA, Ahmed IA, Hazali N, Abdul Rasad MSB, Abdul Ghani R, et al.

Eur J Nutr, 2018 Aug;57(5):1817-1828.
PMID: 28516253 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1466-3

PURPOSE: Baccaurea angulata (common names: belimbing dayak or belimbing hutan) is a Malaysian underutilized fruit. The preliminary work on B. angulata fruit juice showed that it possesses antioxidant properties. Therefore, further work is needed to confirm the efficacy and proper dosage of B. angulata as a potential natural antioxidant. The present study was thus carried out to compare the effects of three different B. angulata whole fruit (WF) juice doses administered at nutritional doses of 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50 ml/kg/day on plasma, aorta and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) as well as total antioxidant capacity in rabbits fed high-cholesterol diet.
METHODS: Thirty-five male rabbits of New Zealand strain were randomly assigned to seven groups. For 12 weeks, group CH was fed 1% cholesterol diet only; group C1 was fed 1% cholesterol diet and 0.50 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice; group C2 was fed 1% cholesterol diet and 1.00 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice; group C3 was fed 1% cholesterol diet and 1.50 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice; group N was fed standard pellet only; group N1 was fed standard pellet and 0.50 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice; and group N2 was fed standard pellet and 1.00 ml/kg/day B. angulata WF juice.
RESULTS: The three doses reduced the formation of MDA and enhanced the expression of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. The highest dose used (1.50 ml/kg/day) was, however, seen as the most potent.
CONCLUSION: Higher doses of B. angulata juice exerted better antioxidant activity.
Fulltext Correction: Aljabali, A.A.A.; et al. Albumin Nano-Encapsulation of Piceatannol Enhances Its Anticancer Potential in Colon Cancer via down Regulation of Nuclear p65 and HIF-1α. Cancers 2020, 12, 113

Aljabali AAA, Bakshi HA, Hakkim FL, Haggag YA, Al-Batanyeh KM, Zoubi MSA, et al.

Cancers (Basel), 2020 Nov 30;12(12).
PMID: 33266353 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123587

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...].
Correction: S1PR1 drives a feedforward signalling loop to regulate BATF3 and the transcriptional programme of Hodgkin lymphoma cells

Vrzalikova K, Ibrahim M, Vockerodt M, Perry T, Margielewska S, Lupino L, et al.

Leukemia, 2019 Aug;33(8):2126.
PMID: 31239494 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0511-z

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Fulltext Correlation of the anterior ocular segment biometry with HbA1c level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Suraida AR, Ibrahim M, Zunaina E

PLoS One, 2018;13(1):e0191134.
PMID: 29324896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191134

OBJECTIVES: To compare the anterior ocular segment biometry among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with no diabetic retinopathy (DR) and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and to evaluate the correlation of anterior ocular segment biometry with HbA1c level.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan from November 2013 till May 2016 among Type 2 DM patients (DM with no DR and DM with NPDR). The patients were evaluated for anterior ocular segment biometry [central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber width (ACW), angle opening distance (AOD) and anterior chamber angle (ACA)] by using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT). Three ml venous blood was taken for the measurement of HbA1c.
RESULTS: A total of 150 patients were included in this study (DM with no DR: 50 patients, DM with NPDR: 50 patients, non DM: 50 patients as a control group). The mean CCT and ACW showed significant difference among the three groups (p < 0.001 and p = 0.015 respectively). Based on post hoc result, there were significant mean difference of CCT between non DM and DM with NPDR (mean difference 36.14 μm, p < 0.001) and also between non DM and DM with no DR (mean difference 31.48 μm, p = 0.003). The ACW was significantly narrower in DM with NPDR (11.39 mm SD 0.62) compared to DM with no DR (11.76 mm SD 0.53) (p = 0.012). There were no significant correlation between HbA1c and all the anterior ocular segment biometry.
CONCLUSION: Diabetic patients have significantly thicker CCT regardless of retinopathy status whereas ACW was significantly narrower in DM with NPDR group compared to DM with no DR. There was no significant correlations between HbA1c and all anterior ocular segment biometry in diabetic patients regardless of DR status.
Fulltext Costs associated with tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in Yemen for patients and public health services

Othman GQ, Ibrahim MI, Raja'a YA

East Mediterr Health J, 2012 Apr;18(4):393-8.
PMID: 22768704

This study determined the costs associated with tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment for the public health services and patients in Sana'a, Yemen. Data were collected prospectively from 320 pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB patients (160 each) who were followed until completion of treatment. Direct medical and nonmedical costs and indirect costs were calculated. The proportionate cost to the patients for pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB was 76.1% arid 89.4% respectively of the total for treatment. The mean cost to patients for pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB treatment was US$ 108.4 and US$ 328.0 respectively. The mean cost per patient to the health services for pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB treatment was US$ 34.0 and US$ 38.8 respectively. For pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB, drug treatment represented 59.3% and 77.9% respectively of the total cost to the health services. The greatest proportionate cost to patients for pulmonary TB treatment was time away from work (67.5% of the total cost), and for extrapulmonary TB was laboratory and X-ray costs (55.5%) followed by transportation (28.6%).
Crude cellulase from oil palm empty fruit bunch by Trichoderma asperellum UPM1 and Aspergillus fumigatus UPM2 for fermentable sugars production

Ibrahim MF, Razak MN, Phang LY, Hassan MA, Abd-Aziz S

Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2013 Jul;170(6):1320-35.
PMID: 23666614 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0275-2

Cellulase is an enzyme that converts the polymer structure of polysaccharides into fermentable sugars. The high market demand for this enzyme together with the variety of applications in the industry has brought the research on cellulase into focus. In this study, crude cellulase was produced from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) pretreated with 2% NaOH with autoclave, which was composed of 59.7% cellulose, 21.6% hemicellulose, and 12.3% lignin using Trichoderma asperellum UPM1 and Aspergillus fumigatus UPM2. Approximately 0.8 U/ml of FPase, 24.7 U/ml of CMCase and 5.0 U/ml of β-glucosidase were produced by T. asperellum UPM1 at a temperature of 35 °C and at an initial pH of 7.0. A 1.7 U/ml of FPase, 24.2 U/ml of CMCase, and 1.1 U/ml of β-glucosidase were produced by A. fumigatus UPM2 at a temperature of 45 °C and at initial pH of 6.0. The crude cellulase was best produced at 1% of substrate concentration for both T. asperellum UPM1 and A. fumigatus UPM2. The hydrolysis percentage of pretreated OPEFB using 5% of crude cellulase concentration from T. asperellum UPM1 and A. fumigatus UPM2 were 3.33% and 19.11%, with the reducing sugars concentration of 1.47 and 8.63 g/l, respectively.
Fulltext Crystal structure of benzyl (E)-2-(3,4-di-meth-oxy-benzyl-idene)hydrazine-1-carbodi-thio-ate

Tan YF, Break MK, Tahir MI, Khoo TJ

Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Feb 1;71(Pt 2):238-40.
PMID: 25878829 DOI: 10.1107/S205698901500095X

The title compound, C17H18N2O2S2, synthesized via a condensation reaction between S-benzyl di-thio-carbazate and 3,4-di-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde, crystallized with two independent mol-ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. Both mol-ecules have an L-shape but differ in the orientation of the benzyl ring with respect to the 3,4-di-meth-oxy-benzyl-idine ring, this dihedral angle is 65.59 (8)° in mol-ecule A and 73.10 (8)° in mol-ecule B. In the crystal, the A and B mol-ecules are linked via pairs of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming dimers with an R 2 (2)(8) ring motif. The dimers are linked via pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, giving inversion dimers of dimers. These units are linked by C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming ribbons propagating in the [100] direction.
Fulltext Current Status and Future Challenges of Biobank Research in Malaysia

Amin L, Olesen A, Mahadi Z, Ibrahim M

Asian Bioeth Rev, 2021 Sep;13(3):297-315.
PMID: 34295385 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-021-00171-5

The establishment of MyCohort in 2005 showed that there is a growing interest on the part of the Malaysian government in the creation of biobanks in the country. This project can be considered as the biggest and most comprehensive cohort study in Malaysia, where hundreds of thousands of human samples are stored for epidemiological and biomedical research. However, little is known about the current issues or the situation related to biobank research in Malaysia. There are pressing issues that need answers such as the governance of the national biobank as well as other privately owned biobanks in the nation, the public perspectives and perceptions regarding biobanks, and other matters such as the ethical, legal, and social issues related to biobank research. This article will highlight the status and issues related to biobank research in Malaysia and provide suggestions on future research practices that we feel need to be seriously considered. These suggestions are designed to advance and enlighten researchers' knowledge, as well as provide the public with information on issues associated to biobanking. Good governance increases public knowledge and trust, and religious acceptance of biobank research and accountability can lead to increased participation in biobank research. The direct implications of the discussion about the ethical, legal, and social issues of biobanks are pertinent for the foundation of knowledge relating to biobanks, as well as the forward gestures for future medicine for mankind.
Fulltext Design, fabrication and testing of shea nut shelling machine

Ibrahim, M. G., Ahmad, D., Shehu, A. A., Dauda, S.M.

International Food Research Journal, 2016;23(101):71-79.
MyJurnal

Sheanut (Butyrospernum paradoxum) is an oil rich tropical tree crop, which is indigenous to
the West African savannah zone. In Nigeria, most of the sheanuts shelling are done manually
by rural women and children, which is labour demanding and tedious. This research work
was carried out to determine some physical and mechanical properties of sheanut in order
to minimize economic losses associated with its processing. The mean values recorded
for the physical properties at 25% moisture content (wb) are; major diameter (29.20 mm),
intermediate diameter (21.90 mm), minor diameter (15.00 mm), geometric mean diameter
(21.90 mm), arithmetic mean diameter (21.20 mm), angle of repose (30.280). The mean
values for the mechanical properties are; linear limit force (0.80 kN), linear limit deformation
(4.60 mm), bioyield point force (1.40 kN), bioyield point deformation (6.50 mm), rupture
point force (2.10 kN) and rupture point deformation (9.60 mm). Based on the physical and
mechanical properties, a sheanut shelling machine was developed that is capable of addressing
the aforementioned problems. Putting into consideration better shelling and efficient separation
of shea nuts so as to encourage more utilization and processing of shea nuts and its products.
The machine was designed to be powered by 5 hp electric motor. It was tested to shell, separate
and clean sheanuts. The result of the performance evaluation showed that the machine had
shelling efficiency of 96%; cleaning efficiency of the machine was 69.56% while the recovery
efficiency was 82.7%. The successful development of this machine will reduce drudgery and
time taken associated with the traditional method of sheanut shelling and therefore will increase
productivity and utilization.
Fulltext Detection of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine enzyme in recurrent pterygium raising a question on its role on recurrence

Ismaeel OM, Jaafar H, Ibrahim M

Int J Ophthalmol, 2010;3(3):245-8.
PMID: 22553564 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2010.03.15

To detect the presence of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine enzyme (8-OHdG) in recurrent pterygium and its role on recurrence.
Fulltext Determinants of stakeholders' attitudes and intentions toward supporting the use of Wolbachia-infected Aedes mosquitoes for dengue control

Arham AF, Amin L, Mustapa MAC, Mahadi Z, Yaacob M, Ibrahim M

BMC Public Health, 2021 Dec 23;21(1):2314.
PMID: 34949167 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12166-w

BACKGROUND: A recent approach in controlling dengue is by using the Wolbachia-infected Aedes mosquito (WiAM). The approach has been reported to be more effective than traditional methods, such as fogging. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the factors predicting its acceptance among stakeholders before implementing this technology more widely in Malaysia.
METHODS: The survey data were collected from two primary stakeholder groups using a stratified random sampling technique. The two primary stakeholder groups were scientists (n = 202) and the public (n = 197) in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia, a hot spot area known for the high rate of dengue cases. The respondents answered questions on a seven-point Likert scale survey regarding trust in key players, attitudes toward nature versus materialism, religiosity, perceived benefits, perceived risks, attitudes, and intentions. The data were analyzed using Smart Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) software (version 3.2.6) to determine the predictors influencing attitudes and intentions to support the use of WiAM technology.
RESULTS: The results indicated a strong positive relationship between attitudes and intentions to support the use of WiAM (β = 0.676, p
Fulltext Determinants of stakeholders' attitudes towards biodiesel

Amin L, Hashim H, Mahadi Z, Ibrahim M, Ismail K

Biotechnol Biofuels, 2017;10:219.
PMID: 28932261 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0908-8

BACKGROUND: Concern about the inevitable depletion of global energy resources is rising and many countries are shifting their focus to renewable energy. Biodiesel is one promising energy source that has garnered much public attention in recent years. Many believe that this alternative source of energy will be able to sustain the need for increased energy security while at the same time being friendly to the environment. Public opinion, as well as proactive measures by key players in industry, may play a decisive role in steering the direction of biodiesel development throughout the world. Past studies have suggested that public acceptance of biofuels could be shaped by critical consideration of the risk-benefit perceptions of the product, in addition to the impact on the economy and environment.
RESULTS: The purpose of this study was to identify the relevant factors influencing stakeholders' attitudes towards biodiesel derived from crops such as palm oil for vehicle use, as well as to analyse the interrelationships of these factors in an attitude model. A survey of 509 respondents, consisting of various stakeholder groups in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia, was undertaken. The results of the study have substantiated the premise that the most important direct predictor of attitude to biodiesel is the perceived benefits (β = 0.80, p
Development and Standardization of Moringa oleifera Leaves as a Natural Dietary Supplement

Ali MA, Yusof YA, Chin NL, Ibrahim MN, Muneer S

J Diet Suppl, 2019;16(1):66-85.
PMID: 29469600 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1429517

Moringa oleifera leaves were selected as a model due to their hundreds of health benefits. On the other hand, the powder of these leaves has exhibited poor flowability, low tensile strength, bitter taste, poor dissolution rate, and lack of information regarding dosage. These are the common hurdles and limitations in the adaptation of herbal-based medications. Therefore, a comprehensive study was planned to introduce herbal-based medicines into mainstream medicines by standardization according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and international pharmaceutical standards. A Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) of Design Expert 8.0 software was used to formulate different concentrations of superdisintegrant, binder/diluent, and sweeteners. An Instron Universal Testing machine coupled with a 13 mm stainless cylindrical die was used to manufacture tablets by means of direct compression method at 20 kN applied force. Therefore, selection of excipients was made on the basis of their tensile strength, flowability, and taste-masking properties. Optimum formulation was tested on rabbits for toxicity and growth rate. All formulated tablets were evaluated on standard parameters for orally disintegrating tablets described by the Food and Drug Authority (U.S.). The optimum formulation fulfills all standard parameters such as hardness, disintegration time, friability, and dissolution rate. The present formulation showed no toxicity when tested on rabbits. The present study provides a fundamental understanding of the tableting characteristics of natural medicines. The present study provides information that will help to overcome the challenges.
Fulltext Diagnostic Performance and Eye Movement Parameters during Radiographic Image Interpretation among Radiographers

Ibrahim, M. I., Mohd Norsuddin, N., Che Isa, I. N., Azman, N. F., Mohamad Shahimin, M.

Physics and Technology in Medicine, 2020;1(2):12-19.
MyJurnal

The radiographer's role in the imaging field is producing the best image to diagnose. Hence, this study is conducted to justify the ability of radiographers in terms of diagnostic performance and visual search patterns during radiographic image interpretation based on their experience. The musculoskeletal radiographic images were chosen as radiographers are expected to perform image interpretation in the red dot system as one of the expanded and extended roles of the radiographer. Sensitivity and specificity in the detection of abnormality are measured. The gaze plot, fixation count and duration are compared between groups of radiographers by using an eye tracker. 19 radiographic images consist of upper and lower extremities are used as stimuli in this study. The result from this study shows no significant difference in terms of sensitivity and specificity with a p-value of 0.818 and 0.146 respectively. For visual search pattern, two images have significant different in term of fixation count (Image 1, p = 0.017; Image 2, p = 0.042) and two images in fixation duration (Image 1, p = 0.001; Image 15, p = 0.021). The gaze plot is not different from an unstructured pattern and less coverage. In conclusion, the experience did not give an influence on the radiographic image interpretation. This may suggest that specific training in areas appropriate to the development of the radiographer could improve the image interpretation.
Fulltext Dietary Crocin is Protective in Pancreatic Cancer while Reducing Radiation-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Damage

Bakshi HA, Zoubi MSA, Hakkim FL, Aljabali AAA, Rabi FA, Hafiz AA, et al.

Nutrients, 2020 06 26;12(6).
PMID: 32604971 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061901

Pancreatic cancer is one of the fatal causes of global cancer-related deaths. Although surgery and chemotherapy are standard treatment options, post-treatment outcomes often end in a poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated anti-pancreatic cancer and amelioration of radiation-induced oxidative damage by crocin. Crocin is a carotenoid isolated from the dietary herb saffron, a prospect for novel leads as an anti-cancer agent. Crocin significantly reduced cell viability of BXPC3 and Capan-2 by triggering caspase signaling via the downregulation of Bcl-2. It modulated the expression of cell cycle signaling proteins P53, P21, P27, CDK2, c-MYC, Cyt-c and P38. Concomitantly, crocin treatment-induced apoptosis by inducing the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol. Microarray analysis of the expression signature of genes induced by crocin showed a substantial number of genes involved in cell signaling pathways and checkpoints (723) are significantly affected by crocin. In mice bearing pancreatic tumors, crocin significantly reduced tumor burden without a change in body weight. Additionally, it showed significant protection against radiation-induced hepatic oxidative damage, reduced the levels of hepatic toxicity and preserved liver morphology. These findings indicate that crocin has a potential role in the treatment, prevention and management of pancreatic cancer.
Effect of L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine, an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on murine immune response induced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide

Sosroseno W, Musa M, Ravichandran M, Fikri Ibrahim M, Bird PS, Seymour GJ

J Periodontal Res, 2007 Apr;42(2):124-30.
PMID: 17305870

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity is known to regulate the immune response. The present study was carried out to determine the effect of L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine (L-NIL), an iNOS inhibitor, on the induction of immune response to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide in mice.

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