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Fulltext Transformation of Industrial Relations in Malaysia: The effectiveness on Management of Occupational Safety and Health

NUR FARHANNA SADON

Trends in Undergraduate Research, 2018;1(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

The occupational safety and health of workers are aimed to protect employees.. Safety at workplace is a crucial aspect in a company’s organization. Safety in workplace is important in guaranteeing the worker’s wellbeing. The Malaysia Government has taken the required steps by introducing the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 on 25th of February 1994. The responsibilities in enforcing Occupational Safety and Health Act is given to the Occupational Safety and Health Department (OSHD) which is under the Ministry of Human Resource.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Biosimilars in Malaysia: Regulatory Framework, Approved Products, and Adverse Effects

Mohd Sani N, Aziz Z, Kamarulzaman A

Ther Innov Regul Sci, 2021 05;55(3):490-502.
PMID: 33231863 DOI: 10.1007/s43441-020-00243-y

INTRODUCTION: Biosimilars are a cost-effective alternative to original biologic medicines that allow patients access to biologic therapies for various chronic diseases. Our paper aims to provide an overview of biosimilars in Malaysia with emphasis on the comparison of Malaysian guidelines with guidelines from well-established regulatory agencies, a review of biosimilars' market approval and their reported adverse effects (AEs) as well as clinical trials conducted in Malaysia.
METHODS: We searched the official websites of the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) Malaysia and three other well-established agencies, online databases of Medline® and EMBASE for guidelines on legislation and regulations of biosimilars. Meanwhile, we extracted the reports of AEs involving biosimilars in Malaysia from the NPRA database and for global AEs from the World Health Organisation VigyLize database. The ClinicalTrials.gov Website by the U.S. National Library of Medicines was the source for data on clinical trials.
RESULTS: Malaysia followed the principles of the European Medicines Agency biosimilar regulations and issued their guideline in 2008. Since then, NPRA has approved 24 biosimilar products and recorded 499 AE reports, of which 43 (8.6%) were serious. NPRA has also approved ten Phase III clinical trials in Malaysia with four trials still ongoing.
CONCLUSION: Malaysia follows a stringent regulatory pathway for the approval of biosimilars enacted by well-established regulatory agencies to maintain the quality, efficacy and safety of biosimilars. Introducing biosimilars to the Malaysian market would improve patients' accessibility to biologic therapies.

Matched MeSH terms: Government Agencies
Fulltext Addressing Gaps for Health Systems Strengthening: A Public Perspective on Health Systems' Response towards COVID-19

Balqis-Ali NZ, Fun WH, Ismail M, Ng RJ, Jaaffar FSA, Low LL

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 08 27;18(17).
PMID: 34501637 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179047

Strengthening the health systems through gaps identification is necessary to ensure sustainable improvements especially in facing a debilitating outbreak such as COVID-19. This study aims to explore public perspective on health systems' response towards COVID-19, and to identify gaps for health systems strengthening by leveraging on WHO health systems' building blocks. A qualitative study was conducted using open-ended questions survey among public followed by in-depth interviews with key informants. Opinions on Malaysia's health systems response towards COVID-19 were gathered. Data were exported to NVIVO version 12 and analysed using content analysis approach. The study identified various issues on health systems' response towards COVID-19, which were then mapped into health systems' building blocks. The study showed the gaps were embedded among complex interactions between the health systems building blocks. The leadership and governance building block had cross-cutting effects, and all building blocks influenced service deliveries. Understanding the complexities in fostering whole-systems strengthening through a holistic measure in facing an outbreak was paramount. Applying systems thinking in addressing gaps could help addressing the complexity at a macro level, including consideration of how an action implicates other building blocks and approaching the governance effort in a more adaptive manner to develop resilient systems.

Matched MeSH terms: Government Programs
Fulltext Association Between Public Opinion and Malaysian Government Communication Strategies About the COVID-19 Crisis: Content Analysis of Image Repair Strategies in Social Media

Masngut N, Mohamad E

J Med Internet Res, 2021 08 04;23(8):e28074.
PMID: 34156967 DOI: 10.2196/28074

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 health crisis has posed an unprecedented challenge for governments worldwide to manage and communicate about the pandemic effectively, while maintaining public trust. Good leadership image in times of a health emergency is paramount to ensure public confidence in governments' abilities to manage the crisis.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify types of image repair strategies utilized by the Malaysian government in their communication about COVID-19 in the media and analyze public responses to these messages on social media.
METHODS: Content analysis was employed to analyze 120 media statements and 382 comments retrieved from Facebook pages of 2 mainstream newspapers-Berita Harian and The Star. These media statements and comments were collected within a span of 6 weeks prior to and during the first implementation of Movement Control Order by the Malaysian Government. The media statements were analyzed according to Image Repair Theory to categorize strategies employed in government communications related to COVID-19 crisis. Public opinion responses were measured using modified lexicon-based sentiment analysis to categorize positive, negative, and neutral statements.
RESULTS: The Malaysian government employed all 5 Image Repair Theory strategies in their communications in both newspapers. The strategy most utilized was reducing offensiveness (75/120, 62.5%), followed by corrective action (30/120, 25.0%), evading responsibilities (10/120, 8.3%), denial (4/120, 3.3%), and mortification (1/120, 0.8%). This study also found multiple substrategies in government media statements including denial, shifting blame, provocation, defeasibility, accident, good intention, bolstering, minimization, differentiation, transcendence, attacking accuser, resolve problem, prevent recurrence, admit wrongdoing, and apologize. This study also found that 64.7% of public opinion was positive in response to media statements made by the Malaysian government and also revealed a significant positive association (P=.04) between image repair strategies utilized by the Malaysian government and public opinion.
CONCLUSIONS: Communication in the media may assist the government in fostering positive support from the public. Suitable image repair strategies could garner positive public responses and help build trust in times of crisis.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Kinetics study of membrane anaerobic system (MAS) in palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment

Asdarina, Y., Abdurrahman, H.N., Amirah, N.F.S., Natrah, S.A.R., Norasmah, M.M., Zulkafli, H.

Scientific Research Journal, 2015;12(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

Increasing demands in palm oil industry hence resulting the production of palm oil to increase. It is then creating a major problem in disposing the waste to be treat in appropriate ways. The governments are forced to look for alternative technology for the palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment because the demand of oil increases with the awareness on increasing environmental issue. Therefore, a new technology must be found in order to reduce energy consumption, to meet legal requirements on emission and for cost reduction and also increased quality of water treatment. Membrane Anaerobic System (MAS) is a promising alternative way to overcome these issues. In this study, the efficiency of the MAS performance increases to 99.03% in ten days operation. The application of Monod, Contois and Chen & Hashimoto models were used to analyze the performance of MAS for treating POME. The results from the experiment show the substrate removal model is well fits for estimation of kinetics membrane anaerobic system. Amongst them, the Contois and Monod models predicted the bio-kinetic reactions of the MAS very well with coefficient of determination (R2>97%) values. The MAS bioreactor was creating to be an improvement method as well as successful biological treatment since the graph shows linearized which is good agreement with reported in literature.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Our celebration of research

Mak, Joon-Wah

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2008;2(3):-.
MyJurnal

The International Medical University (IMU) has encouraged and facilitated research activities since 2001. Research activities by undergraduates, postgraduates, and faculty members have increased substantially since then. The governance aspects of research activities are closely monitored by the Institutional Review Board which is the IMU-Joint Committee on Research and Ethics. (Copied from article)

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Making the third science policy work

Omar, A.R.

ASM Science Journal, 2011;5(1):71-72.
MyJurnal

The government’s science and technology (S&T) apparatus is now in active consultation to formulate the third national S&T policy (NSTP3) and I have been involved in some of these meetings and have benefitted from them. In an earlier article (New Straits Times, 9 July 2011, p. 18) I had briefly described the two previous policies and given some thought on what the essentials of the NSTP3 should be. I am now offering some further thoughts on the subject. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Elder Abuse: A Silent Cry

Esther, E., Shahrul, K., Low, W.Y.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2006;14(1):29-34.
MyJurnal

\Elderly abuse exists in our society but is hardly ever reported. This problem often remains undetected because of poor public awareness and lack of knowledge among health care personnel. This article addresses the definition of elderly abuse, characteristics of the abused elderly and their abusers as well as strategies to detect and manage it. Collaboration between health care professionals and government bodies is needed to identify and manage elderly abuse. Ultimately, a legislative "Elder Protective Act" should be implemented to safeguard the rights of our vulnerable elderly.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Transmission of tuberculosis (tb) in malaysia: practice of prevention and mechanism control in educational institutions

Mohd Faiz bin Mohd Yaakob, Jamal@Nordin bin Yunus

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2017;15(1):131-134.
MyJurnal

Tuberculosis or TB is a major issue in Malaysia as the dramatic emerge of infection. In Mac 2016 (Until 15 April 2016)
3049 cases were reported and total cases were reported 7717 cases which increasing 902 (13.0%) cases at same month
2015 (6815 cases). Meanwhile, prevention and diagnosis should be started from children. Educational planning with
the collaboration from Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Health (MOH) should be intensive to ensure the
prevention and mechanism control of this disease can be cure at the beginning. The focus of the study was given on the
(1) transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in Malaysia (2) practice of prevention of TB (3) mechanism control in educational
institutions and (4) promotion health programmes in schools. The conclusion of this study is drawn on the premise of
providing plausible suggestion that will promote good governance for the Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of
Health (MOH) to strengthening the current policy for a better future implementation.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Organization as a support system among revert clients in Malaysia

Samsiah Jayos, Faizah Abd Ghani, Lokman Mohd Tahir, Kamarul Azmi Jasmi, Nur Fatihah Abdullah Bandar

Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2017;3(1):41-46.
MyJurnal

It is significant for the reverts to have an existing helping organization. Therefore, this study aims to identify organizational issues that are directly and indirectly involved with counsellors at the Council of Islamic Religious Department in Malaysia. This study utilizes a qualitative approach by using the case study method. This study involved five (5) counsellors from Council of Islamic Religious Department in Malaysia. This study used the N'Vivo 10.0 for the data analysis to develop themes and sub-themes that related to this study. The findings showed that there are two (2) sub themes involved both government and non-government. There are six (6) sub-sub themes for the government which are Jabatan Agama Islam, Jabatan Mufti, Pusat Dakwah Islamiah, Pusat Kaunseling MAINS Negeri Sembilan, Jabatan Kehakiman and Baitulmal. While, non-government has ten (10) sub-sub themes; Lembaga Kaunselor Malaysia, Unit Saudara Baru, Unit Ukhuwah, Pusat Saudara Baru Darul Saadah, Darul Ukhuwah Yayasan Kasih Sayang, Volunteer Body, Malaysian Chinese Muslim Association (MACMA), Pertubuhan Kebajikan Islam Malaysia (PERKIM), PERKAMA and Skuad Mubaligh Seremban. In conclusion, this study could be used as a guide for counsellors to provide guidance and counselling services to revert clients.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Interlinked motivation model to use mobile Crowdsourcing platforms among low-income citizens

Mahmod, M., Na’in, N., Ahmad, R., Chit, S.C., Habbal, A.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(110):99-108.
MyJurnal

Crowdsourcing is an initiative implemented by the Malaysian government to support its National Key Result Area (NKRA) agenda to improve the lives of citizens with low household income in the B40 group. Crowdsourcing activities are done on mobile crowdsourcing platforms that enable workers to perform micro tasks at any time for a fixed payment. However, without active and constant participation from the crowd, this initiative might not be successful. This paper describes a preliminary study in identifying motivation factors for participating in mobile crowdsourcing platforms. This study identified intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factors that can attract crowds to participate in mobile crowdsourcing platforms. Technology efficacy factors that interlink with motivation factors were also identified in this study. The preliminary study employed the qualitative method where in-depth interviews were conducted among 30 crowdsourcing participants in Peninsular Malaysia. The findings of this study are the basis for a motivation model that can attract crowdworkers from among the B40 group of household-income earners to participate in crowdsourcing to procure and perform available micro-tasks. The findings will also help improvise mobile platforms for crowdsourcing.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Malay reservation land on the verge of extinction?

Mohamed Khairi Termizi, Mazlan Ismail

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018;3(4):93-108.
MyJurnal

Various claims have been made about the extinction of Malay Reservation Land in the country. Before
independence, the land depreciation was due to the acquisition of land by the British colonial
government for mining, opening of new villages during the communist threat and the mortgage and
sale activities by the Malay landowners to non-Malays. After independence, land depreciation linked
with the acquisition of land by the government through the Land Acquisition Act, 1960. This study is a
content analysis study involving material derived from the secondary source text and earlier research
findings. Emphasis is given to analyze the statistical size of Malay Reservation Land in the country.
Results show that the allegations regarding the depreciation trend of the Malay Reservation Land is
inaccurate and misleading. While the analysis of the size of the Malay Reservation Land found that the
actual percentage of Malay Reservation Land in 2009 was 30.13 percent instead of 11.83 percent as
claimed. The percentage grew steadily in 2013 to 31.85 percent. The analysis also found that there was
confusion about the actual size of Malay Reservation Land in the country.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Malaysian government initiative of information communication technology to disabled people

Nur Ajrun Khalid, Rohana Yusof

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2017;2(3):9-15.
MyJurnal

Information Communication Technology (ICT) is important to measure the development of the nation
and the people. Malaysia as a democratic nation has to deliver equal services to the people without any
boundaries and discrimination. Nowadays, knowledge of Information Communication Technology is
crucial and become one of the measurement tools to maximize work and task. Failure to catch up ICT
movement will cause digital divide, which is the phenomenon of gap exists between people who have
access to ICT and who did not have access. This paper aims to determine the government initiative in
terms of policy, law and regulations, infrastructure, support organization and training, whether it is
appropriate or inappropriate with the needs of disabled people.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Comparison analysis on scaling the vertical and lateral NMOSFET in nanometer regime

Ismail Saad, Razali Ismail, Ima Sulaiman

Sains Malaysiana, 2008;37:233-237.

Conventional lateral and vertical n-channel MOS transistors with channel length in the range of 100nm to 50nm have been systematically investigated by means of device simulation. The comparison analysis includes critical parameters that govern device performance. Threshold voltage VT roll-off, leakage current Ioff, drain saturation current IDsat and sub-threshold swing S were analyze and compared between the device. Due to double gate (DG) structure over the side of silicon pillar a better electrostatics potential control of channel is obtained in vertical device shown by an analysis on VT roll-off. A two decade higher of Ioff in planar device is observed with Lg=50nm. A factor of three times larger IDsat is observed for vertical MOSFETs compared to planar device. The sub-threshold swing S remains almost the same when the Lg larger than 80 nm. It increased rapidly when the Lg is scaled down to 50 nm due to the short channel effect SCE. However, the vertical device has a steady increase whereas the planar device has suffered immediate enhance of SCE. The analysis results confirmed that vertical MOSFET with double-gate structure is a potential solution to overcome SCE when scaled the channel length to 50nm and beyond.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Growth of curved crystals: competition between topological defect nucleation and boundary branching

Ma L, Liu X, Soh AK, He L, Wu C, Ni Y

Soft Matter, 2019 May 15.
PMID: 31090782 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00507b

Topological defect nucleation and boundary branching in crystal growth on a curved surface are two typical elastic instabilities driven by curvature induced stress, and have usually been discussed separately in the past. In this work they are simultaneously considered during crystal growth on a sphere. Phase diagrams with respect to sphere radius, size, edge energy and stiffness of the crystal for the equilibrium crystal morphologies are achieved by theoretical analysis and validated by Brownian dynamics simulations. The simulation results further demonstrate the detail of morphological evolution governed by these two different stress relaxation modes. Topological defect nucleation and boundary branching not only compete with each other but also coexist in a range of combinations of factors. Clarification of the interaction mechanism provides a better understanding of various curved crystal morphologies for their potential applications.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext [Current status and problem of occupational health and safety of occupational diving workers in Malaysia]

Morimatsu Y, Nishikiori H, Okahara Y, Kojima Y, Kinoshita S, Mori M, et al.

Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi, 2020 07 25;62(4):165-167.
PMID: 31983700 DOI: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.2019-021-W
Matched MeSH terms: Government Agencies
Fulltext Datasets for corporate governance index of Jordanian non-financial sector firms

Mansour M, Hashim HA, Salleh Z

Data Brief, 2020 Jun;30:105603.
PMID: 32382612 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105603

This article covers comprehensive data on firm-level corporate governance practices as imposed by the Jordan Securities Commission (JSC). The study includes panel data for 95 non-financial Jordanian listed firms (industrial and service sector) in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). The time frame used for this study is from 2012 to 2017. Data presented were extracted from the annual reports of each firm. The annual reports had been downloaded from the official website of the ASE. The data can be used easily by the researcher to develop and calculate a corporate governance index that involves thirty-two internal governance attributes and is comprised of three equally weighted sub-indices. The first sub-index which is "Disclosure and Transparency" consists of 15 unique attributes. While the second sub-index, "Board Effectiveness and Composition" consists of 9 unique attributes. The last sub-index which is "Shareholders Rights" consists of 8 unique attributes. Thus, the un-weighted corporate governance index has an important feature that is easily replicated and modified, enabling the researcher to rate firms based on an aggregate index score or by using the sub-indices score also.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Fulltext Evaluation of the Policy Effect of China's Environmental Interview System for Effective Air Quality Governance

Jin X, Sumaila UR, Yin K, Qi Z

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 08 26;18(17).
PMID: 34501589 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179006

The Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China formally proposed an environmental interview system in May 2014, which applies pressure on local governments to fulfill their responsibility toward environmental protection by conducting face-to-face public interviews with their officials. In this paper, 48 cities that were publicly interviewed from 2014-2020 were considered the experimental group and 48 cities surrounding them were the control group. First, the dynamic panel model is applied to initially determine the effect of the policy. Then, a regression discontinuity method (Sharp RD) is used to analyze the short-term and long-term effects and compare the reasons for the differences observed among the estimates of various types of samples. Finally, a series of robustness tests were also conducted. The results show that the environmental interview system can improve air quality. However, because an emergency short-term local governance system exists at present, the governance effect is not long-term and, therefore, not sustainable. Therefore, it suggests that the government should continue to improve the environmental interview system, establish an optimal environmental protection incentive mechanism, and encourage local governments to implement environmental protection policies effectively in the long term. The results of the research are of great significance to the environmental impact assessment system of the world, especially in countries with similar economic systems, which are facing a trade-off between economic growth and environmental sustainability.

Matched MeSH terms: Local Government
Nexus between corporate social responsibility and financial and non-financial sectors' performance: a non-linear and disaggregated approach

Shabbir MS, Aslam E, Irshad A, Bilal K, Aziz S, Abbasi BA, et al.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Nov;27(31):39164-39179.
PMID: 32642899 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09972-x

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) as proxy of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate firm's performance (CFP) in the context of Pakistani financial and non-financial firms sectors. This study comprises two main firm's performance indicators such as market base (excess stock returns) and accounting base (returns on assets and returns on capital). The data set starts from 2011 to 2017 and consists of three hundred and fifty (350) firms on equal numbers of financial and non-financial firms. This study uses a non-linear and disaggregated approach for data analysis. The results of the linear model indicate that CSP and returns on capital have a negative relationship, while the non-linear model of CSP and accounting base performance as CFP have positive association in the domain of long run. There is a significant relationship that exist among environmental social governance (ESG) disclosure score, government sub-components score, and social performance. However, a U-shaped association found between CFP and government sub-components, which further suggest that governance has a vital role toward CSP and CFP components.

Matched MeSH terms: Government
Understanding the behavioural intention to dispose of unused medicines: an extension of the theory of planned behaviour

Foon PY, Ganesan Y, Iranmanesh M, Foroughi B

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Aug;27(22):28030-28041.
PMID: 32405948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09125-0

This study examined behavioural intention to dispose of unused medicines using a comprehensive model integrating the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), with knowledge as a driver of personal norms; attitudes, personal norms, and perceived busyness as additional drivers of behavioural intention; and perceived convenience as a moderator. The model was tested with data collected from 204 respondents using the partial least squares technique. Knowledge about the proper disposal of unused medicines was recognized as a strong predictor of personal norms and attitudes towards proper disposal of waste medications. The results showed that attitudes, personal norms, perceived busyness, and perceived behavioural control have significant effects on intention to dispose of unused medicines. Furthermore, perceived convenience moderates the impacts of attitude, personal norms, and perceived behavioural control on intention to dispose of unused medicines. The extended TPB explained 55.7% of the variance of intention to dispose of unused medicines properly. Our results indicate the importance of integrating additional variables into the TPB to enhance its explanatory power in predicting behavioural intention. The results suggest to governments that in order to implement planned programs for proper collection and destruction of waste medication, a plan is needed to enhance public knowledge on the impacts of improper medication waste disposal on the environment, and also that collection points should become accessible for anyone.

Matched MeSH terms: Government

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