Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 80 in total

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  1. Formation and characterization of pDNA-loaded alginate microspheres for oral administration in mice
    Nograles N, Abdullah S, Shamsudin MN, Billa N, Rosli R
    J Biosci Bioeng, 2012 Feb;113(2):133-40.
    PMID: 22093752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.10.003
    Alginate, a natural polysaccharide, was explored in this study as an oral delivery vehicle of a mammalian expression vector into the murine intestinal mucosa. Alginate microspheres were produced through water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification method. Average diameter sizes of microspheres were 46.88 μm±3.07 μm with significant size reduction upon utilization of 1.0% Span80. Plasmid DNA (pDNA) carrying green fluorescent protein reporter gene (GFP), pVAX-GFP, was encapsulated within microspheres at efficiencies of 72.9 to 74.4%, carrying maximum load of 6 μg pDNA. Alginate microspheres demonstrated shrinkage in pH 1.2 and swelling in pH 9.0 with pDNA release about twice the amount released in acidic environment. Oral delivery of pVAX-GFP loaded-microspheres, at 50 μg, 100 μg and 150 μg dose, was performed on BALB/c mice. Tissue biodistribution, investigated through flow cytometric analysis, demonstrated GFP positive intestinal cells (<1.0%) with 1.3-fold higher levels for the 100 μg dose; therefore suggesting feasibility of the approach for oral gene delivery and vaccination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  2. Comparison of Chlorella vulgaris dressing and sodium alginate dressing: an experimental study in rats
    Zailan N, Abdul Rashid AH, Das S, Abdul Mokti NA, Hassan Basri J, Teoh SL, et al.
    Clin Ter, 2010;161(6):515-21.
    PMID: 21181079
    Chlorella vulgaris (CV) is a green microalgae enriched with nutrients, vitamins, minerals and chlorophyll. The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential wound healing effects of CV as a dressing while comparing it to sodium alginate dressing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/pharmacology
  3. Photocatalytic magnetic separable beads for chromium (VI) reduction
    Idris A, Hassan N, Mohd Ismail NS, Misran E, Yusof NM, Ngomsik AF, et al.
    Water Res, 2010 Mar;44(6):1683-8.
    PMID: 19963234 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.11.026
    Magnetically separable photocatalyst beads containing nano-sized iron oxide in alginate polymer were prepared. This magnetic photocatalyst beads are used in slurry-type reactors. The magnetism of the catalyst arises from the nanostructured particles gamma-Fe(2)O(3), by which the catalyst can be easily recovered by the application of an external magnetic field. These synthesized beads are sunlight-driven photocatalyst. In the system without magnetic photocatalyst beads, no chromium reduction was observed under sunlight irradiation due to the stability of the chromium (VI). Upon the addition of magnetic photocatalyst beads, the photo-reduction of Cr(VI) was completed in just after only 50min under sunlight irradiation due to the photocatalytic activity of the beads. However when placed away from sunlight, the reduction rate of the chromium is just about 10%. These observations were explained in terms of absorption occurrence of chromium (VI) onto the catalyst surface which took place in this reaction. In addition, photo-reduction rate of chromium (VI) was more significant at lower pH. The results suggest that the use of magnetic separable photocatalyst beads is a feasible strategy for eliminating Cr(VI).
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  4. Gelatine enhances drug dispersion in alginate bilayer film via the formation of crystalline microaggregates
    Thu HE, Ng SF
    Int J Pharm, 2013 Sep 15;454(1):99-106.
    PMID: 23856162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.06.082
    In our previous study, a novel alginate-based bilayer film for slow-release wound dressings was successfully developed. We found that alginate alone yielded poor films; however, the addition of gelatine had significantly enhanced the drug dispersion as well as the physical properties. Here, an investigation of the drug-polymer interactions in the bilayer films was carried out. Drug content uniformity test and microscopy observation revealed that the addition of gelatine generated bilayer films with a homogenous drug distribution within the matrix. The FTIR and XRD data showed an increase in film crystallinity which might infer the presence of drug-polymer crystalline microaggregates in the films. DSC confirmed the drug-polymer interaction and indicated that the gelatine has no effect on the thermal behaviour of the microaggregates, suggesting the compatibility of the drug and excipients in the bilayer films. In conclusion, the addition of gelatine can promote homogenous dispersion of hydrophobic drugs in alginate films possibly through the formation of crystalline microaggregates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  5. High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue
    Nasrullah A, Bhat AH, Naeem A, Isa MH, Danish M
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Feb;107(Pt B):1792-1799.
    PMID: 29032214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.045
    High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution. The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model. The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  6. Fulltext Preparation and characterization of a gastric floating dosage form of capecitabine
    Taghizadeh Davoudi E, Ibrahim Noordin M, Kadivar A, Kamalidehghan B, Farjam AS, Akbari Javar H
    Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:495319.
    PMID: 24288681 DOI: 10.1155/2013/495319
    Gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea and vomiting, are considered amongst the main adverse effects associated with oral anticancer drugs due to their fast release in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Sustained release formulations with proper release profiles can overcome some side effects of conventional formulations. The current study was designed to prepare sustained release tablets of Capecitabine, which is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of advanced breast cancer, using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carbomer934P, sodium alginate, and sodium bicarbonate. Tablets were prepared using the wet granulation method and characterized such that floating lag time, total floating time, hardness, friability, drug content, weight uniformity, and in vitro drug release were investigated. The sustained release tablets showed good hardness and passed the friability test. The tablets' floating lag time was determined to be 30-200 seconds, and it floated more than 24 hours and released the drug for 24 hours. Then, the stability test was done and compared with the initial samples. In conclusion, by adjusting the right ratios of the excipients including release-retarding gel-forming polymers like HPMC K4M, Na alginate, carbomer934P, and sodium bicarbonate, sustained release Capecitabine floating tablet was formulated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/administration & dosage; Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  7. In vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of alginate/eudragit S 100-enclosed chitosan-calcium phosphate-loaded iron saturated bovine lactoferrin nanocapsules (Fe-bLf NCs)
    Leng KM, Vijayarathna S, Jothy SL, Sasidharan S, Kanwar JR
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2018 Jan;97:26-37.
    PMID: 29080455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.121
    Lactoferrin has been known to have antimicrobial properties. This research was conducted to investigate the toxicity of Alginate/EUDRAGIT® S 100-enclosed chitosan-calcium phosphate-loaded Fe-bLf nanocapsules (NCs) by in vitro and in vivo assays. Brine shrimp lethality assay showed that the LC50 value of NCs was more than 1mg/mL which indicated that NCs was not toxic to Brine shrimp. However, the LC50 values for the positive control potassium dichromate at 24h is 64.15μg/mL, which was demostrated the toxic effect against the brine shrimp. MTT cytotoxicity assay also revealed that NCs was not toxic against non-cancerous Vero cell line with IC50 values of 536μg/mL. Genotoxicity studies by comet assay on Vero cells revealed that NCs exerted no significant genotoxic at 100μg/mL without tail or shorter comet tail. Allium cepa root assay carried out at 125, 250, 500 and 1000μg/mL for 24h revealed that the NCs was destitute of significant genotoxic effect under experimental conditions. The results show that there is no significant difference (p>0.05) in mitotic index between the deionized water and NCs treated Allium cepa root tip cells. In conclusion, no toxicity was observed in NCs in this study. Therefore, nontoxic NCs has the good potential to develop as a therapeutic agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/administration & dosage; Glucuronic Acid/toxicity
  8. Microencapsulation of alginate-immobilized bagasse with Lactobacillus rhamnosus NRRL 442: enhancement of survivability and thermotolerance
    Shaharuddin S, Muhamad II
    Carbohydr Polym, 2015 Mar 30;119:173-81.
    PMID: 25563958 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.045
    The aim of this research was to enhance the survivability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus NRRL 442 against heat exposure via a combination of immobilization and microencapsulation processes using sugarcane bagasse (SB) and sodium alginate (NaA), respectively. The microcapsules were synthesized using different alginate concentration of 1, 2 and 3% and NaA:SB ratio of 1:0, 1:1 and 1:1.5. This beneficial step of probiotic immobilization before microencapsulation significantly enhanced microencapsulation efficiency and cell survivability after heat exposure of 90°C for 30s. Interestingly, the microcapsule of SB-immobilized probiotic could obtain protection from heat using microencapsulation of NaA concentration as low as 1%. SEM images illustrated the incorporation of immobilized L. rhamnosus within alginate matrices and its changes after heat exposure. FTIR spectra confirmed the change in functional bonding in the presence of sugarcane bagasse, probiotic and alginate. The results demonstrated a great potential in the synthesis of heat resistant microcapsules for probiotic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/pharmacology
  9. Chitosan coated alginate-xanthan gum bead enhanced pH and thermotolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum LAB12
    Fareez IM, Lim SM, Mishra RK, Ramasamy K
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2015 Jan;72:1419-28.
    PMID: 25450046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.10.054
    The vulnerability of probiotics at low pH and high temperature has limited their optimal use as nutraceuticals. This study addressed these issues by adopting a physicochemical driven approach of incorporating Lactobacillus plantarum LAB12 into chitosan (Ch) coated alginate-xanthan gum (Alg-XG) beads. Characterisation of Alg-XG-Ch, which elicited little effect on bead size and polydispersity, demonstrated good miscibility with improved bead surface smoothness and L. plantarum LAB12 entrapment when compared to Alg, Alg-Ch and Alg-XG. Sequential incubation of Alg-XG-Ch in simulated gastric juice and intestinal fluid yielded high survival rate of L. plantarum LAB12 (95%) at pH 1.8 which in turn facilitated sufficient release of probiotics (>7 log CFU/g) at pH 6.8 in both time- and pH-dependent manner. Whilst minimising viability loss at 75 and 90 °C, Alg-XG-Ch improved storage durability of L. plantarum LAB12 at 4 °C. The present results implied the possible use of L. plantarum LAB12 incorporated in Alg-XG-Ch as new functional food ingredient with health claims.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/pharmacology
  10. Development and physical characterization of polymer-fish oil bigel (hydrogel/oleogel) system as a transdermal drug delivery vehicle
    Rehman K, Mohd Amin MC, Zulfakar MH
    J Oleo Sci, 2014;63(10):961-70.
    PMID: 25252741
    Polymer-Fish oil bigel (hydrogel/oleogel colloidal mixture) was developed by using fish oil and natural (sodium alginate) and synthetic (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) polymer for pharmaceutical purposes. The bigels were closely monitored and thermal, rheological and mechanical properties were compared with the conventional hydrogels for their potential use as an effective transdermal drug delivery vehicle. Stability of the fish oil fatty acids (especially eicosapentanoic acid, EPA and docosahexanoic acid, DHA) was determined by gas chromatography and the drug content (imiquimod) was assessed with liquid chromatography. Furthermore, in vitro permeation study was conducted to determine the capability of the fish oil-bigels as transdermal drug delivery vehicle. The bigels showed pseudoplastic rheological features, with excellent mechanical properties (adhesiveness, peak stress and hardness), which indicated their excellent spreadability for application on the skin. Bigels prepared with mixture of sodium alginate and fish oil (SB1 and SB2), and the bigels prepared with the mixture of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and fish oil (HB1-HB3) showed high cumulative permeation and drug flux compared to hydrogels. Addition of fish oil proved to be beneficial in increasing the drug permeation and the results were statistically significant (p < 0.05, one-way Anova, SPSS 20.0). Thus, it can be concluded that bigel formulations could be used as an effective topical and transdermal drug delivery vehicle for pharmaceutical purposes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  11. Carboxymethyl cellulose wafers containing antimicrobials: a modern drug delivery system for wound infections
    Ng SF, Jumaat N
    Eur J Pharm Sci, 2014 Jan 23;51:173-9.
    PMID: 24076463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.09.015
    Lyophilised wafers have been shown to have potential as a modern dressing for mucosal wound healing. The wafer absorbs wound exudates and transforms into a gel, thus providing a moist environment which is essential for wound healing. The objective of this study was to develop a carboxymethyl cellulose wafer containing antimicrobials to promote wound healing and treat wound infection. The pre-formulation studies began with four polymers, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC), methylcellulose (MC), sodium alginate and xanthan gum, but only NaCMC and MC were chosen for further investigation. The wafers were characterised by physical assessments, solvent loss, microscopic examination, swelling and hydration properties, drug content uniformity, drug release and efficacy of antimicrobials. Three of the antimicrobials, neomycin trisulphate salt hydrate, sulphacetamide sodium and silver nitrate, were selected as model drugs. Among the formulations, NaCMC wafer containing neomycin trisulphate exhibited the most desirable wound dressing characteristics (i.e., flexibility, sponginess, uniform wafer texture, high content drug uniformity) with the highest in vitro drug release and the greatest inhibition against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In conclusion, we successfully developed a NaCMC lyophilised wafer containing antimicrobials, and this formulation has potential for use in mucosal wounds infected with bacteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  12. Efficacy and reusability of alginate-immobilized live and heat-inactivated Trichoderma asperellum cells for Cu (II) removal from aqueous solution
    Tan WS, Ting AS
    Bioresour Technol, 2012 Nov;123:290-5.
    PMID: 22940332 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.082
    Cu(II) removal efficacies of alginate-immobilized Trichoderma asperellum using viable and non-viable forms were investigated with respect to time, pH, and initial Cu(II) concentrations. The reusability potential of the biomass was determined based on sorption/desorption tests. Cu(II) biosorption by immobilized heat-inactivated T. asperellum cells was the most efficient, with 134.22mg Cu(II) removed g(-1) adsorbent, compared to immobilized viable cells and plain alginate beads (control) with 105.96 and 94.04mg Cu(II) adsorbed g(-1) adsorbent, respectively. Immobilized non-viable cells achieved equilibrium more rapidly within 4h. For all biosorbents, optimum pH for Cu(II) removal was between pH 4 and 5. Reusability of all biosorbents were similar, with more than 90% Cu(II) desorbed with HCl. These alginate-immobilized cells can be applied to reduce clogging and post-separation process incurred from use of suspended biomass.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  13. Preparation and in vitro evaluation of mebeverine HCl colon-targeted drug delivery system
    Abdullah GZ, Abdulkarim MF, Chitneni M, Mutee AF, Ameer OZ, Salman IM, et al.
    Pharm Dev Technol, 2011 Aug;16(4):331-42.
    PMID: 20429815 DOI: 10.3109/10837451003739255
    Mebeverine HCl is a water soluble drug commonly used to treat irritable bowel syndrome by acting directly on the smooth muscles of the colon. This work was aimed at the formulation and in vitro evaluation of a colon-targeted drug delivery system containing mebeverine HCl. Matrix tablets were prepared using ethyl cellulose (EC), Eudragit RL 100 either solely or in combination by wet granulation technique. Dissolution was carried out in 0.1 N HCl for 2?h followed by pH 6.8 phosphate buffer for eight hours. Uncoated forms released more than 5% drug in 0.1 N HCl therefore, Eudragit L100 was used as a coat. The results indicated very slow release profile. As a result, single retardant was used to prepare the matrix and coated by Eudragit L 100. The matrix containing 7% Eudragit RL 100 and 6% of binder was subjected to further studies to assess the effect of different coats (Eudragit L 100-55 and cellulose acetate phthalate) and different binders (pectin and sodium alginate) on the release profile. Eudragit L 100 and pectin were the best coating agent and binder, respectively. The final formula was stable and it can be concluded that the prepared system has the potential to deliver mebeverine HCl in vivo to the colon.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  14. Fulltext Formulation and in vitro, in vivo evaluation of effervescent floating sustained-release imatinib mesylate tablet
    Kadivar A, Kamalidehghan B, Javar HA, Davoudi ET, Zaharuddin ND, Sabeti B, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(6):e0126874.
    PMID: 26035710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126874
    Imatinib mesylate is an antineoplastic agent which has high absorption in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Conventional imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) tablets produce rapid and relatively high peak blood levels and requires frequent administration to keep the plasma drug level at an effective range. This might cause side effects, reduced effectiveness and poor therapeutic management. Therefore, floating sustained-release Imatinib tablets were developed to allow the tablets to be released in the upper part of the GIT and overcome the inadequacy of conventional tablets.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  15. Alginate based bilayer hydrocolloid films as potential slow-release modern wound dressing
    Thu HE, Zulfakar MH, Ng SF
    Int J Pharm, 2012 Sep 15;434(1-2):375-83.
    PMID: 22643226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.05.044
    The aims of this research were to develop a novel bilayer hydrocolloid film based on alginate and to investigate its potential as slow-release wound healing vehicle. The bilayer is composed of an upper layer impregnated with model drug (ibuprofen) and a drug-free lower layer, which acted as a rate-controlling membrane. The thickness uniformity, solvent loss, moisture vapour transmission rate (MVTR), hydration rate, morphology, rheology, mechanical properties, in vitro drug release and in vivo wound healing profiles were investigated. A smooth bilayer film with two homogenous distinct layers was produced. The characterisation results showed that bilayer has superior mechanical and rheological properties than the single layer films. The bilayers also showed low MVTR, slower hydration rate and lower drug flux in vitro compared to single layer inferring that bilayer may be useful for treating low suppurating wounds and suitable for slow release application on wound surfaces. The bilayers also provided a significant higher healing rate in vivo, with well-formed epidermis with faster granulation tissue formation when compared to the controls. In conclusions, a novel alginate-based bilayer hydrocolloid film was developed and results suggested that they can be exploited as slow-release wound dressings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  16. Optimization, characterization, and in vitro assessment of alginate-pectin ionic cross-linked hydrogel film for wound dressing applications
    Rezvanian M, Ahmad N, Mohd Amin MC, Ng SF
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2017 Apr;97:131-140.
    PMID: 28064048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.079
    Natural polymer-based hydrogel films have great potential for biomedical applications and are good candidates for wound dressings. In this study, we aimed to develop simvastatin-loaded crosslinked alginate-pectin hydrogel films by ionic crosslinking to improve the mechanical characteristics, wound fluid uptake and drug release behavior. Alginate-pectin hydrocolloid films were chemically crosslinked by immersing in different concentrations of CaCl2 (0.5-3% w/v) for 2-20min. The degree of crosslinking was influenced by both contact time and CaCl2 concentration. The optimized conditions for crosslinking were 0.5% and 1% (CaCl2) for 2min. The optimized hydrogel films were then characterized for their physical, mechanical, morphological, thermal, in vitro drug release, and cytocompatibility profiles. Crosslinking improved the mechanical profile and wound fluid uptake capacity of dressings. The hydrogel films were able to maintain their physical integrity during use, and the best results were obtained with the film in which the extent of crosslinking was low (0.5%). Thermal analysis confirmed that the crosslinking process enhanced the thermal stability of hydrogel films. Sustained, slow release of simvastatin was obtained from the crosslinked films and in vitro cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the hydrogel films were non-toxic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  17. Calcium Alginate-Caged Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Dispersive Microsolid Phase Extraction Combined With Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection for the Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Samples
    Abboud AS, Sanagi MM, Ibrahim WAW, Keyon ASA, Aboul-Enein HY
    J Chromatogr Sci, 2018 Feb 01;56(2):177-186.
    PMID: 29186451 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx095
    In this study, caged calcium alginate-caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersive microsolid phase extraction was described for the first time for the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from water samples prior to gas chromatographic analysis. Fluorene, phenanthrene and fluoranthene were selected as model compounds. The caged calcium alginate-caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermal gravimetry analyses. The effective parameters namely desorption solvent, solvent volume, extraction time, desorption time, the mass of adsorbent and sample volume were optimized. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the developed method showed good linearity in the range of 0.5-50 ng mL-1 (R2 ≥ 0.996), low limits of detection and quantification (0.42-0.22 ng mL-1) (0.73-1.38 ng mL-1) respectively, good relative recoveries (71.2-104.2%) and reproducibility (RSD 1.8-12.4%, n = 3) for the studied PAHs in water sample. With high enrichment factor (1,000), short extraction time (<30 min), low amounts of adsorbent (100 mg) and low amounts of solvent (0.1 mol) have proven that the microsolid phase extraction method based on calcium alginate-caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes are environmentally friendly and convenient extraction method to use as an alternative adsorbent in the simultaneous preconcentration of PAHs from environmental water samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/chemistry
  18. PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel versus alginate beads as a potential mesenchymal stem cell carrier for the treatment of focal cartilage defects
    Dashtdar H, Murali MR, Abbas AA, Suhaeb AM, Selvaratnam L, Tay LX, et al.
    Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2015 May;23(5):1368-1377.
    PMID: 24146054 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-013-2723-5
    PURPOSE: To investigate whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded in novel polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-chitosan composite hydrogel can provide comparable or even further improve cartilage repair outcomes as compared to previously established alginate-transplanted models.

    METHODS: Medial femoral condyle defect was created in both knees of twenty-four mature New Zealand white rabbits, and the animals were divided into four groups containing six animals each. After 3 weeks, the right knees were transplanted with PVA-chitosan-MSC, PVA-chitosan scaffold alone, alginate-MSC construct or alginate alone. The left knee was kept as untreated control. Animals were killed at the end of 6 months after transplantation, and the cartilage repair was assessed through Brittberg morphological score, histological grading by O'Driscoll score and quantitative glycosaminoglycan analysis.

    RESULTS: Morphological and histological analyses showed significant (p < 0.05) tissue repair when treated with PVA-chitosan-MSC or alginate MSC as compared to the scaffold only and untreated control. In addition, safranin O staining and the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in MSC treatment groups than in scaffold-only or untreated control group. No significant difference was observed between the PVA-chitosan-MSC- and alginate-MSC-treated groups.

    CONCLUSION: PVA-chitosan hydrogel seeded with mesenchymal stem cells provides comparable treatment outcomes to that of previously established alginate-MSC construct implantation. This study supports the potential use of PVA-chitosan hydrogel seeded with MSCs for clinical use in cartilage repair such as traumatic injuries.

    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid/pharmacology
  19. Fulltext Pulsed low-intensity ultrasound increases proliferation and extracelluar matrix production by human dermal fibroblasts in three-dimensional culture
    Bohari SP, Grover LM, Hukins DW
    J Tissue Eng, 2015 Nov 19;6:2041731415615777.
    PMID: 26668710 DOI: 10.1177/2041731415615777
    This study evaluated the effect of pulsed low-intensity ultrasound on cell proliferation, collagen production and glycosaminoglycan deposition by human dermal fibroblasts encapsulated in alginate. Hoechst 33258 assay for cell number, hydroxyproline assay for collagen content, dimethylmethylene blue assay for glycosaminoglycan content and scanning electron microscopy were performed on the encapsulated cells treated with pulsed low-intensity ultrasound and a control group that remained untreated. Pulsed low-intensity ultrasound showed a significant effect on cell proliferation and collagen deposition but no consistent pattern for glycosaminoglycan content. Alcian blue staining showed that glycosaminoglycans were deposited around the cells in both treated and control groups. These results suggest that pulsed low-intensity ultrasound alone shows a positive effect on cell proliferation and collagen deposition even without growth factor supplements.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid
  20. Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum 15HN using alginate-psyllium-fenugreek polymeric blends
    Haghshenas B, Abdullah N, Nami Y, Radiah D, Rosli R, Yari Khosroushahi A
    J Appl Microbiol, 2015 Apr;118(4):1048-57.
    PMID: 25619628 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12762
    Investigation on the use of herbal-based biopolymers for probiotic-Lactobacillus plantarum 15HN-encapsulation is presented. The objectives are to enhance its oral delivery, colonic release and survival rate of these probiotic cultures in gastrointestinal environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glucuronic Acid
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