Displaying publications 681 - 700 of 1776 in total

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  1. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-6 levels reflect endothelial dysfunction in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia treated with atorvastatin
    Nawawi H, Osman NS, Annuar R, Khalid BA, Yusoff K
    Atherosclerosis, 2003 Aug;169(2):283-91.
    PMID: 12921980
    Adhesion molecules and cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of intimal injury in atherosclerosis but their relationship with endothelial function remains unclear. The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of atorvastatin on soluble adhesion molecules, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and brachial artery endothelial-dependent flow mediated dilatation (FMD) in patients with familial (FH) and non-familial hypercholesterolaemia (NFH). A total of 74 patients (27 FH and 47 NFH) were recruited. Fasting lipid profiles, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), E-selectin, IL-6 and FMD were measured at baseline, 2 weeks, 3 and 9 months post-atorvastatin treatment (FH--80 mg/day, NFH--10 mg/day). In both groups, compared to baseline, sICAM-1 levels were significantly reduced at 2 weeks, further reduced at 3 months and maintained at 9 months (P<0.0001). The IL-6 levels were significantly reduced at 3 months and 9 months compared to baseline for FH (P<0.005) and NFH (P<0.0001). In both groups, the FMD at 2 weeks was higher than baseline (P<0.005), with progressive improvement up to 9 months. FMD was negatively correlated with sICAM-1 and IL-6. In conclusion, both low and high doses of atorvastatin lead to early progressive improvement in endothelial function in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia. sICAM-1 and IL-6 levels reflect endothelial dysfunction in these patients.
  2. Characterisation and molecular cloning of an erythromycin resistance plasmid of Lactococcus lactis isolated from chicken cecum
    Raha AR, Ross E, Yusoff K, Manap MY, Ideris A
    J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Biophys., 2002 Feb;6(1):7-11.
    PMID: 12186776
    An erythromycin resistance plasmid, pAJ01 was isolated from Loctococcus lactis isolate C5 that was isolated from a healthy two-week-old chicken cecum. A 4 kb plasmid was transformed into plasmidless L. lactis MG1363 before a restriction endonuclease map was constructed. It was then fused with pUC19 to form pAJ02, which can replicate in Escherichia coli XLI-Blue as well as L. lactis MG1363. The plasmid was stably maintained in Lactococcus for more than 100 generations.
  3. Nucleotide sequence of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene of a Malaysian heat resistant viscerotropic-velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain AF2240
    Tan WS, Lau CH, Ng BK, Ibrahim AL, Yusoff K
    DNA Seq., 1995;6(1):47-50.
    PMID: 8746461
    The nucleotide sequence of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) viscerotropic-velogenic strain AF2240 was determined by direct RNA sequencing and by sequencing RT-PCR products. It encodes a single open reading frame of 581 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 63.8 kDa. The predicted sequence contains five asparagine glycosylation sites. Comparison of the AF2240 HN protein sequence with 13 other previously published sequences showed 88% homology. This HN protein is unique because it lacked the Arg 403 residue which is present in all of the other strains and cannot be grouped under the proposed three size classes of HN proteins in NDV.
  4. Detection of Newcastle disease virus using a SYBR Green I real time polymerase chain reaction
    Tan SW, Omar AR, Aini I, Yusoff K, Tan WS
    Acta Virol., 2004;48(1):23-8.
    PMID: 15230471
    A two-step SYBR Green I real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR, real time PCR) for the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was developed. A melting curve analysis was performed to distinguish specific from non-specific products and primer dimers. Regardless of different virus pathotypes the melting temperature (Tm) ranged from 86 degrees C to 87 degrees C. The sensitivity of the real time PCR was compared with the reverse transcription (RT)-nested PCR enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, RT-nested PCR ELISA). Whereas the detection limit of the real time PCR was 10 pg DNA, the RT-nested PCR ELISA and conventional PCR could only detect up to 1 ng and 10 ng DNA, respectively. Thus the real time PCR offers a sensitive, rapid and convenient method for screening large number of NDV specimens.
  5. Fulltext Measurement of intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries using ultrasound in patients with familial and non-familial hypercholesterolaemia and correlation of intima-media thickness to obesity
    Nafikudin M, Nawawi H, Muid S, Annuar R, Yusoff K, Khalid BAK
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):647-52.
    PMID: 15190648
    Ultrasonographic measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid arteries (CCA) were taken in 50 patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and 57 patients with non-familial hypercholesterolemia (NFH). The lipid profile, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) of each patient were recorded. In FH patients, the IMT was significantly higher in overweight and elevated WHR subgroups compared to the normal with significant correlations between BMI and WHR to the IMT. In NFH patients, the IMT was significantly higher in the elevated WHR compared to the normal subgroup but the correlations between either BMI or WHR to IMT were insignificant. These suggest that the environmentally modified anthropometric indices may have an effect on atherosclerosis in genetically determined hypercholesterolaemia in FH patients.
  6. Regions on nucleocapsid protein of Newcastle disease virus that interact with its phosphoprotein
    Kho CL, Tan WS, Tey BT, Yusoff K
    Arch Virol, 2004 May;149(5):997-1005.
    PMID: 15098113 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-003-0273-8
    The nucleocapsid (NP) and phospho-(P) proteins of paramyxoviruses are involved in transcription and replication of the viral genome. An in vitro protein binding assay was used to investigate the regions on NP protein that interact with the P protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Truncated NP mutants were first immobilised on a solid phase and then interacted with radio-labelled [(35)S]-P protein synthesised in rabbit reticulocyte. The interaction affinity was quantitated by measuring the radioactivity that was retained on the solid phase. Using this approach, a highly interactive region was identified to be resided at the first 25 amino acids of NP N-terminus. The interaction between these two proteins remained strong even with the removal of 114 amino acids from the C-terminal end of NP. However, it is possible that the 49 amino acids at the C-terminal end might have another contact region for P protein, which is not as critical as the N-terminal end. The interaction regions mapped in this study are significantly different from the other two paramyxoviruses: Sendai and measles viruses in which the C-termini of their NP proteins play an important role in binding to the P.
  7. Cell surface display system for Lactococcus lactis: a novel development for oral vaccine
    Raha AR, Varma NR, Yusoff K, Ross E, Foo HL
    Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2005 Jul;68(1):75-81.
    PMID: 15635459
    The food-grade Lactococcus lactis is a potential vector to be used as a live vehicle for the delivery of heterologous proteins for vaccine and pharmaceutical purposes. We constructed a plasmid vector pSVac that harbors a 255-bp single-repeat sequence of the cell wall-binding protein region of the AcmA protein. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli and expression of the gene fragment was driven by the T7 promoter of the plasmid. SDS-PAGE showed the presence of the putative AcmA' fragment and this was confirmed by Western blot analysis. The protein was isolated and purified using a His-tag affinity column. When mixed with a culture of L. lactis MG1363, ELISA and immunofluorescence assays showed that the cell wall-binding fragment was anchored onto the outer surface of the bacteria. This indicated that the AcmA' repeat unit retained the active site for binding onto the cell wall surface of the L. lactis cells. Stability assays showed that the fusion proteins (AcmA/A1, AcmA/A3) were stably docked onto the surface for at least 5 days. The AcmA' fragment was also shown to be able to strongly bind onto the cell surface of naturally occurring lactococcal strains and Lactobacillus and, with less strength, the cell surface of Bacillus sphericus. The new system designed for cell surface display of recombinant proteins on L. lactis was evaluated for the expression and display of A1 and A3 regions of the VP1 protein of enterovirus 71 (EV71). The A1 and A3 regions of the VP1 protein of EV71 were cloned upstream to the cell wall-binding domains of AcmA protein and successfully expressed as AcmA/A1 and AcmA/A3. Whole-cell ELISA showed the successful display of VP1 protein epitopes of EV71 on the surface of L. lactis. The success of the anchoring system developed in this study for docking the A1 and A3 epitopes of VP1 onto the surface of L. lactis cells opens up the possibilities of peptide and protein display for not only Lactococcus but also for other gram-positive bacteria. This novel way of displaying epitopes on the cell surface of L. lactis and other related organisms should be very useful in the delivery of vaccines and other useful proteins.
  8. Prevalence of optimal cardiovascular screening activities and associated factors among apparently healthy school teachers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan
    Noraza RA, Norhayati NM, Rosediani M, Harmy YM
    J Taibah Univ Med Sci, 2018 Apr;13(2):188-194.
    PMID: 31435322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.10.005
    Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of optimal cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening activities and the associated factors among apparently healthy school teachers.

    Methods: A cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted among 380 secondary school teachers in Kelantan, Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data and factors influencing CVD screening activities was administered. Descriptive analysis, simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.

    Results: A total of 348 teachers responded to the questionnaire, with a response rate of 91.6%. The prevalence of optimal CVD screening activities was 29.3% (95% CI: 24.52, 34.08). Age, knowledge of CVD screening, family history of CVD and availability of health facilities were significantly linked to CVD screening.

    Conclusion: The prevalence of optimal screening activities was low. A great majority of the factors contributing to optimal screening were modifiable. Health care providers should widely implement global health-oriented rather than disease-orientated assessment in their daily practice.

  9. Genetic characterization of Perna viridis L. in peninsular Malaysia using microsatellite markers
    Ong CC, Yusoff K, Yap CK, Tan SG
    J Genet, 2009 Aug;88(2):153-63.
    PMID: 19700853
    A total of 19 polymorphic microsatellite loci were used to analyse levels of genetic variation for 10 populations of Perna viridis L. collected from all over peninsular Malaysia. The populations involved in this study included Pulau Aman in Penang, Tanjung Rhu in Kedah, Bagan Tiang in Perak, Pulau Ketam in Selangor, Muar, Parit Jawa, Pantai Lido and Kampung Pasir Puteh in Johore, and Kuala Pontian and Nenasi in Pahang state. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to seven, with an average of 3.1. Heterozygote deficiencies were observed across all the 10 populations. Characterization of the populations revealed that local populations of P. viridis in peninsular Malaysia were genetically similar enough to be used as a biomonitoring agent for heavy metal contamination in the Straits of Malacca. Cluster analysis grouped the P. viridis populations according to their geographical distributions with the exception of Parit Jawa. The analysis also revealed that P. viridis from the northern parts of peninsular Malaysia were found to be the most distant populations among the populations of mussels investigated and P. viridis from the eastern part of peninsular Malaysia were closer to the central and southern populations than to the northern populations.
  10. Sequence of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of the Newcastle disease virus oral vaccine strain V4(UPM)
    Yusoff K, Tan WS, Lau CH, Ng BK, Ibrahim AL
    Avian Pathol, 1996 Dec;25(4):837-44.
    PMID: 18645902
    The nucleotide sequence of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein gene of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) variant strain V4(UPM) was determined by direct genomic RNA sequencing and confirmed by cycle sequencing. The gene comprises 1996 nucleotides encoding a 615 amino acid protein of size 67.4 kDa. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of this strain were compared with those of the parent strain V4(QUE). There are 16 nucleotide substitutions on V4(UPM), eight of which are silent mutations and another eliminated a potential Asn-linked glycosylation site in V4(UPM). In addition, an Arg (403) residue was shown to be absent in the variant strain. This deletion is thought to be significant because of its location in a highly conserved region of the HN protein.
  11. Expression of a thermostable xylanase gene from Bacillus coagulans ST-6 in Lactococcus lactis
    Raha AR, Chang LY, Sipat A, Yusoff K, Haryanti T
    Lett Appl Microbiol, 2006 Mar;42(3):210-4.
    PMID: 16478506
    The aim of the study is to evaluate whether xylanase can be used as a potential reporter gene for cloning and expression studies in Lactococcus.
  12. Fulltext Surface display of respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins in Lactococcus lactis NZ9000
    Lim SH, Jahanshiri F, Rahim RA, Sekawi Z, Yusoff K
    Lett Appl Microbiol, 2010 Dec;51(6):658-64.
    PMID: 20973806 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2010.02950.x
    A system for displaying heterologous respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) glycoproteins on the surface of Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 was developed.
  13. The genetic structure of Oreochromis spp. (Tilapia) populations in Malaysia as revealed by microsatellite DNA analysis
    Bhassu S, Yusoff K, Panandam JM, Embong WK, Oyyan S, Tan SG
    Biochem Genet, 2004 Aug;42(7-8):217-29.
    PMID: 15487586
    The genetic make-up of five populations of Oreochromis spp. was examined by microsatellite analysis. Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci showed significant departures from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The mean heterozygosity ranged from 0.6280 to 0.7040 for each population. The genetic distance values showed a clear separation between O. niloticus and O. mossambicus. The differentiation of the O. niloticus populations was then tested with various genetic measures, which are based on both the Infinite Allele and the Stepwise Mutation models. All these measures grouped the populations similarly.
  14. Identification and characterization of Malaysian river catfish, Mystus nemurus (C&V): RAPD and AFLP analysis
    Chong LK, Tan SG, Yusoff K, Siraj SS
    Biochem Genet, 2000 Apr;38(3-4):63-76.
    PMID: 11100266
    This work represents the first application of the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique and the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique in the study of genetic variation within and among five geographical populations of M. nemurus. Four AFLP primer combinations and nine RAPD primers detected a total of 158 and 42 polymorphic markers, respectively. The results of AFLP and RAPD analysis provide similar conclusions as far as the population clustering analysis is concerned. The Sarawak population, which is located on Borneo Island, clustered by itself and was thus isolated from the rest of the populations located in Peninsular Malaysia. Both marker systems revealed high genetic variability within the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and Sarawak populations. Three subgroups each from the Kedah, Perak, and Sarawak populations were detected by AFLP but not by RAPD. Unique AFLP fingerprints were also observed in some unusual genotypes sampled in Sarawak. This indicates that AFLP may be a more efficient marker system than RAPD for identifying genotypes within populations.
  15. Cardiogenic shock with complete heart block secondary to dengue myocarditis requiring temporary pacing
    Mohd Ramdzan MY, Mohd Khalid KF, Che Mood M
    Cardiol Young, 2021 Aug 02.
    PMID: 34334145 DOI: 10.1017/S1047951121003152
    This case illustrates acute myocarditis with complete heart block in a 13-year-old teenager as a rare complication of acute dengue illness. He required urgent temporary pacing with inotropic support and antifailure medications. Complete heart block in dengue myocarditis is an acute but reversible condition. A similar presentation in a dengue-endemic country or with a history of travelling to tropical countries warrants a suspicion of dengue infection.
  16. The influence of intranasal peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccine administration alone or with phytogenic mucoadhesive delivery system on PPR outbreak outcomes in goats
    Ezeasor CK, Emikpe BO, Shoyinka SV, Sabri MY
    J Immunoassay Immunochem, 2021 Jul 04;42(4):424-443.
    PMID: 33724901 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2021.1895216
    This study reports the influence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccination on the clinico-pathological outcomes of PPR in the face of an outbreak. Twenty-two West African dwarf goats procured for a different study started showing early signs of PPR during acclimatization. In response, PPR vaccine was administered either intranasally with phytogenic mucoadhesive gum (Group A; n = 6) or without gum (Group B; n = 6); subcutaneously (Group C; n = 6) or not vaccinated (Group D; n = 4) and studied for 21 days. The clinical scores, hematology, serology and pathology scores were evaluated. Clinical signs of PPR were present in all groups, presenting a percentage mortality of 33%; 33%; 64% and 100% for Groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. Polycythemia and mild leukopenia were observed in all groups, and all animals were seropositive by day 7 post-vaccination. The lung consolidation scores were low in Groups A and B, compared to Group C. Histopathological lesions consistent with PPR was observed in the lymphoid organs, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs with the presence of PPR antigen as detected by immunohistochemistry. The findings suggest that intranasal vaccination with or without mucoadhesive gum may influence the outcome of PPR infection more than the subcutaneous route in the face of an outbreak.
  17. Fulltext Quantification and Radiological Risk Estimation Due to the Presence of Natural Radionuclides in Maiganga Coal, Nigeria
    Kolo MT, Khandaker MU, Amin YM, Abdullah WH
    PLoS One, 2016;11(6):e0158100.
    PMID: 27348624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158100
    Following the increasing demand of coal for power generation, activity concentrations of primordial radionuclides were determined in Nigerian coal using the gamma spectrometric technique with the aim of evaluating the radiological implications of coal utilization and exploitation in the country. Mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were 8.18±0.3, 6.97±0.3, and 27.38±0.8 Bq kg-1, respectively. These values were compared with those of similar studies reported in literature. The mean estimated radium equivalent activity was 20.26 Bq kg-1 with corresponding average external hazard index of 0.05. Internal hazard index and representative gamma index recorded mean values of 0.08 and 0.14, respectively. These values were lower than their respective precautionary limits set by UNSCEAR. Average excess lifetime cancer risk was calculated to be 0.04×10-3, which was insignificant compared with 0.05 prescribed by ICRP for low level radiation. Pearson correlation matrix showed significant positive relationship between 226Ra and 232Th, and with other estimated hazard parameters. Cumulative mean occupational dose received by coal workers via the three exposure routes was 7.69 ×10-3 mSv y-1, with inhalation pathway accounting for about 98%. All radiological hazard indices evaluated showed values within limits of safety. There is, therefore, no likelihood of any immediate radiological health hazards to coal workers, final users, and the environment from the exploitation and utilization of Maiganga coal.
  18. Fulltext Cadmium-109 Radioisotope Adsorption onto Polypyrrole Coated Sawdust of Dryobalanops aromatic: Kinetics and Adsorption Isotherms Modelling
    Olatunji MA, Khandaker MU, Amin YM, Mahmud HN
    PLoS One, 2016;11(10):e0164119.
    PMID: 27706232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164119
    A radiotracer study was conducted to investigate the removal characteristics of cadmium (109Cd) from aqueous solution by polypyrrole/ sawdust composite. Several factors such as solution pH, sorbent dosage, initial concentration, contact time, temperature and interfering metal ions were found to have influence on the adsorption process. The kinetics of adsorption was relatively fast, reaching equilibrium within 3 hours. A lowering of the solution pH reduced the removal efficiency from 99.3 to ~ 46.7% and an ambient temperature of 25°C was found to be optimum for maximum adsorption. The presence of sodium and potassium ions inhibited 109Cd removal from its aqueous solution. The experimental data for 109Cd adsorption showed a very good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-first order kinetic model. The surface condition of the adsorbent before and after cadmium loading was investigated using BET, FESEM and FTIR. Considering the low cost of the precursor's materials and the toxicity of 109Cd radioactive metal, polypyrrole synthesized on the sawdust of Dryobalanops aromatic could be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of 109Cd radioisotope from radionuclide-containing effluents.
  19. Fulltext Simultaneous use of adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) flour as meat extender and fat replacer in reduced-fat beef meatballs (bebola daging)
    Aslinah LNF, Mat Yusoff M, Ismail-Fitry MR
    J Food Sci Technol, 2018 Aug;55(8):3241-3248.
    PMID: 30065435 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3256-1
    Adzuki bean is high in protein and fiber with a potential to be used as meat extender and fat replacer in the meat product. Replacement of both the corn flour and fat with different percentages of adzuki beans flour (ABF) has successfully produced acceptable reduced fat meatballs. Meatballs with 100% (w/w) ABF replacement exhibited highest cooking yield and higher moisture content compared to meatballs without the flour, which indicates its ability to bind water. Increasing the ABF content also increased the hardness and chewiness of the meatballs, whilst decreasing their lightness and yellowness. Replacing the corn flour and fat contents with ABF has obviously decreased the fat and calorie contents of the meatballs, yet their protein and carbohydrate contents remained the same compared to control. The sensory test revealed that meatball samples with 25% (w/w) and 50% (w/w) ABF showed no significant difference compared to control but received highest overall acceptability among the panelists. This indicates that replacement of corn flour and fat with ABF especially at 50% (w/w) in the production of reduced fat meatballs resulted with better physicochemical properties and acceptable sensory compared to original meatballs.
  20. Oxidizing Effect of Ozonated-Water on Microbial Balance in the Oral Ecosystem
    Razak FA, Musa MY, Abusin HAM, Salleh NM
    J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2019 Apr;29(4):387-389.
    PMID: 30925969 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2019.04.387
    Application of ozone is recommended for sterilisation in dental procedures. This study explored the antimicrobial effect of 0.1 ppm ozonated-water on selected common oral commensals. Based on deviation of their growth curves pattern upon ozone treatment, the inhibitory effect of ozone was determined. SEM examination of the ozone-treated microbes recorded its possible morphological effect. Findings suggested a bacteriostatic action of ozone when microbes were treated at the early phase, while, it was bactericidal when treated during the active phase of the growth cycle. Hence, suggesting rinsing the oral cavity with ozonated-water at 0.1 ppm immediately after tooth brushing may suppress microbial growth and slow biofilm formation. While, rinsing on already developed biofilm may result in microbial cell lysis that halted microbial growth and reduce microbial population in the biofilm. Both justify the great potential of ozone (0.1 ppm) for use as antimicrobial agent for the control of biofilm development in the oral cavity.
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