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  1. Risk association, linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses of FASN rs4246445, rs2229425, rs2228305 and rs2229422 polymorphisms in overweight and obesity
    Chong ETJ, Kuok SSE, Lee PC
    Bioimpacts, 2018;8(3):159-165.
    PMID: 30211075 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2018.18
    Introduction:
    Obesity is commonly linked up with several life-threatening diseases. This study aims to investigate the association of fatty acid synthase (FASN) rs4246445, rs2229425, rs2228305, and rs2229422 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of overweight and obesity in the Malaysian population.
    Methods:
    Blood samples were collected from 1030 individuals who were grouped into normal, overweight, and obese categories. Blood biochemistry test and lipid profiling were performed and genomic DNA was extracted. Genotyping was performed using hydrolysis probes and odd ratio with 95% CI was calculated for risk association analysis. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotypes analyses were carried out using SHEsis software.
    Results:
    We found that the hemoglobin and white blood cell counts were significantly high in the obese subjects. There is a lack of evidence to link the FASN SNPs with the risk of overweight and obesity in the population. All 4 SNPs were seemed to be in linkage equilibrium. Five common haplotypes were identified in this study but none of them was significantly associated with overweight and obesity in the population.
    Conclusion:
    Our findings suggest a lack of evidence to associate the FASN rs4246445, rs2229425, rs2228305, and rs2229422 SNPs with the risk of overweight and obesity in the Malaysian population. All 4 SNPs were independent of each other and not all identified haplotypes were significantly associated with overweight and obesity in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  2. Fulltext Risk Factors among Coronary Heart Disease Patients in the National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur
    Malays J Nutr, 1997;3(2):-.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this study was to determine the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices with regards to coronary heart disease (CHD) and its risk factors among CHD patients in the Institut Jantung Negara (National Heart Institute), Kuala Lumpur. All patients admitted for CHD during the study period between 5th May 1997 and 24th May 1997 were included in the study. A total of 105 patients were interviewed by using a pretested questionnaire. Four CHD risk factors were included in the study, namely dietary intake, smoking habit, alcohol intake and physical activity. The majority of the patients (92.4%) were above 45 years old. Most of them (85.7%) had at least one chronic health problem such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension before admission into IJN. Their average total blood cholesterol was 6.1 ± 1.3 mmol/L and 75.2% were hypercholesteromic (≥ 5.2 mmol/L). Mean systolic blood pressure was 151.2 ± 27.5 mmHg. The mean body mass index of the patients was 25.9 ± 3.9 kg/m2 and 58.1% were overweight (BMI ≥ 25.0). Almost half of the patients (49.6%) had smoked before but only 8.6% still smoke. Out of the 56 non-Muslim patients, 9 of them (16.1%) consumed alcoholic drinks on a regular basis. Most of the patients reported walking as the only form of exercise that they do. Most of the patients consume rice, vegetables and fruits almost daily. This study indicated significant relationships between (i) knowledge level and attitude towards CHD risk factors (r = 0.624, p < 0.001), (ii) knowledge level and modifying practices related to CHD risk factors (r = 0.316, p < 0.01) and (iii) attitude and modifying practices (r = 0.234, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  3. Fulltext Retrospective child feeding practices and obesity risk among young adults
    Wan Ling Chew, Kaur Satvinder, Serene En Hui Tung, Ai Ni Teoh, Choon Ming Ng
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(3):106-112.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Early environmental factors play a major role in shaping the health of an individual. Dietary prefer- ence and habits shaped by parental feeding practice during childhood are likely to persist into adulthood which further determines body weights status. This study aimed to determine the retrospective child feeding practices asso- ciated with obesity risk in young adults. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with 176 university students in Kuala Lumpur. Data of maternal age, gestational age and feeding practices were collected retrospectively using Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ). Subject’s current socio-demographic data was collected and anthropo- metric measurements were taken using standard protocol. Results: Around 22% of the subjects were overweight/ obese. No significant association was found between child feeding practices with maternal age. A significant asso- ciation (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  4. Fulltext Reliability and Validity of the Malay Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ-M) among Overweight and Obese Adults
    Abdul Basir SM, Abdul Manaf Z, Ahmad M, Abdul Kadir NB, Ismail WNK, Mat Ludin AF, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 01 24;18(3).
    PMID: 33498903 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031021
    The Mindful Eating Questionnaire is a reliable tool for the assessment of mindful eating behavior among the general population. This study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of The Malay Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ-M) in a sample of overweight and obese adults. This is a cross-sectional survey which involved 144 overweight and obese adults in a selected public university. After linguistic validation of the Malay version of the MEQ, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with varimax rotation was performed on the scale constructs. The psychometric properties of the MEQ were assessed through Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis. The EFA of the MEQ produced a seven-dimensional model (58.8% of overall variances). The concurrent validity analysis between total MEQ scores and total Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) scores indicated a weak non-significant correlation (p = 0.679). The internal consistency reliability of the MEQ was reasonable (Cronbach's α = 0.64). The agreement stability of the MEQ over eight weeks was poor (ICC = 0.10). In conclusion, the psychometric properties of the Malay-translated MEQ are acceptable through construct validity and internal consistency reliability tests. This instrument may be used for assessing mindful eating habits in the Malaysian population, especially among overweight and obese adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  5. Fulltext Relationship of Depressive Symptoms to Hypertension in a Household Survey
    Lam, H.H., Ng, E.K., Ooi, A.L., Ooi, P.Y., Sellymiah, A., Siti Fareeda, A., et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2011;20(1):1-12.
    MyJurnal
    Objectives: To study relationship of depressive symptoms to hypertension. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on respondents from Kampung Awal. Hypertension was defined as self-reported or by measurement using a mercury sphymomanometer and depressive symptoms were evaluated by CES-D scale. Results: A total 103 respondents were studied. The male:female ratio was 1:1.5 with mean age of 41.8 years. Majority had formal education up to secondary school. 45% were government servant and over 95% subjects had income of RM1000 or less per each family member per month. 21.4% (n=22) self-reported to have hypertension and 7.8%(n=91) met the criteria for incident hypertension. 7.8% met the criteria for both. Mean score based on CES-D was 13.08. 32.0% subjects had depression. 54 subjects reported never experienced any strain for past 6 months and 24 reported to have 2 or more .61 subjects were overweight with mean value of BMI=26.19 kg/m2. Self-reported hypertension and incident hypertension were strongly associated with age but only selfreported hypertension was strongly associated with overweight. However, there was no significant association between hypertension with chronic strains and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Depressive symptomatology was not associated with hypertension in this survey. Women had a significant risk in having depressive symptoms. Age =45 years & overweight were significant risks for hypertension. A prospective study will be more useful in the future to find out the association between depression and hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  6. Fulltext Relationship of Calcium Intake and Lifestyle Factors to Bone Health Status among Postmenopausal Women
    Malays J Nutr, 2000;6(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    This study aims to determine the relationship between calcium intake and lifestyle factors with bone health status among 56 postmenopausal women in the Evergreen Senior Citizens Club, Petaling Jaya. Purposive sampling technique was used for sample selection. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur proximal and lumbar L2-L4 was measured based on the Dual Energy X-ray Absorptionmetry (DEXA) technique at KVOTC Clinic, Subang Jaya. The interview sessions were conducted using a questionnaire followed by anthropometric measurements. The results revealed that the average age of the respondents was 64.0 years old. The average weight and height of the respondents were 53.68 kg and 1.55 meters, respectively. Overall, the average body mass index (BMI) of the respondents was quite satisfactory (22.4 kg/m²) with only 17.9% of them categorized as overweight (>25 kg/m²). The average total calcium intake was 807.31 mg and about 76.2% was contributed by food intake. About 83.9% of the respondents met the recommended calcium intake according to the Malaysian RDA. The average BMD of the lumbar, neck, wards and trochanter was 9.983 ± 0.178 g/cm², 0.745 ± 0.126 g/cm², 0.604 ± 0.150 g/cm² and 0.674 ± 0.127 g/cm², respectively. About 32.1% of the respondents were categorized as osteoporotic at the femoral wards, while 10.7% respectively was at the lumbar L2-L4 and femoral neck. Half of the respondents had osteopenia at the femoral neck (53.6%) and wards (50.0%) and at the lumbar L2-L4 (53.6%). Pearson correlation test showed significant negative correlations between age and BMD in the neck (r = -0.419, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  7. Relationship between work-family conflict and unhealthy eating: Does eating style matter?
    Shukri M, Jones F, Conner M
    Appetite, 2018 04 01;123:225-232.
    PMID: 29294321 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.12.027
    There is increasing evidence to suggest that work-family conflict is implicated in poor eating patterns. Yet, the underlying mechanism remains unexplored. The objectives of the present study were to demonstrate the interplay between work-family conflict, eating style, and unhealthy eating, and to test whether body mass index (BMI) and its interactions further explicate the relationships. In this study, 586 Malaysian adults (normal weight n = 437, overweight n = 149) completed a questionnaire, which included demographic variables, work-family scales, eating style measures, namely, restrained, emotional or external eating and reported food intake. As hypothesized, results showed that family-to-work conflict (FWC), emotional eating and external eating were positively related to unhealthy food consumption. In addition, emotional eating was found to moderate the impact of FCW on eating. These findings are consistent with research that has revealed emotional eating can indeed increase the positive association between stress such as conflict and unhealthy food choices. However, we found no clear support for the interactive effects of BMI. Our research builds on the findings of existing research as it demonstrates the role of eating style in explaining the association between work-family conflict and unhealthy eating. This conclusion has potential implications for appropriate interventions and calls for the enhancement of various policies to tackle obesity and other health problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/epidemiology*
  8. Fulltext Relationship between family meals away from home and nutritional status of adolescents
    Cynthia J, Zalilah MS, Lim MY
    Malays J Nutr, 2013 Apr;19(1):25-35.
    PMID: 24800382 MyJurnal
    Despite the many benefits of family meals, data on association between family meals away from home (FMAFH) and nutritional status of adolescents is limited. This study determined the association between FMAFH with dietary intake and body mass index of adolescents (N = 408).
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/epidemiology
  9. Fulltext Relationship between Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study among Low-Income Housewives in Kuala Lumpur
    Mohd Saat NZ, Hanawi SA, M F Farah N, Mohd Amin H, Hanafiah H, Shamsulkamar NS
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 06 04;18(11).
    PMID: 34200066 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116090
    Cardiovascular disease is a significant public health concern worldwide, including in Malaysia. Various attempts have been made to resolve this issue. One of the most important methods of controlling cardiovascular risk factors is physical exercise. However, today's women, especially housewives, are often identified by a lack of physical activity. This is alarming to society, as cardiovascular disease can affect the quality of their life. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors among low-income housewives in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 63 housewives participated in this cross-sectional study. All participating housewives were asked to fill out a sociodemographic questionnaire and the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). To evaluate cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric measurements and blood samples were taken. Findings showed that an average of 70.5 ± 232.4 min/week was spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), which indicated a low level of physical activity. Data showed that 90.5% of the subjects had low physical activity, 6.3% were moderate, and 3.2% were considered as having a high level of physical activity. For body mass index (BMI), 58.7% of the respondents were obese, 28.6% were overweight (29.10 ± 5.67 kg m-2), and 81.0% of subjects had a waist circumference (WC) value above the normal range (92.74 ± 16.40 cm). A two-way ANOVA test revealed significant mean differences between systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) and age groups (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, there was a significant association between MVPA and cardiovascular risk factors using negative binomial regression (p < 0.01). The findings of this study highlight the need for health promotional programs to raise awareness, educate, and engage low-income housewives in lifestyle-enhancing behaviors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight*
  10. Fulltext Rate of gestational weight gain trajectory is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes
    Yong HY, Mohd Shariff Z, Appannah G, Rejali Z, Mohd Yusof BN, Bindels J, et al.
    Public Health Nutr, 2020 Dec;23(18):3304-3314.
    PMID: 32814606 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020002372
    OBJECTIVE: To examine the gestational weight gain (GWG) trajectory and its possible association with pregnancy outcomes.

    DESIGN: GWG trajectories were identified using the latent class growth model. Binary logistic regression was performed to examine the associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and these trajectories.

    SETTING: Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

    PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand one hundred ninety-three pregnant women.

    RESULTS: Three GWG trajectories were identified: 'Group 1 - slow initial GWG but followed by drastic GWG', 'Group 2 - maintaining rate of GWG at 0·58 kg/week' and 'Group 3 - maintaining rate of GWG at 0·38 kg/week'. Group 1 had higher risk of postpartum weight retention (PWR) (adjusted OR (AOR) 1·02, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·04), caesarean delivery (AOR 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·04) and having low birth weight (AOR 1·04, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·05) compared with group 3. Group 2 was at higher risk of PWR (AOR 1·18, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·21), preterm delivery (AOR 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·05) and caesarean delivery (AOR 1·02, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·03), but at lower risk of having small-for-gestational-age infants (AOR 0·97, 95 % CI 0·96, 0·99) compared with group 3. The significant associations between group 1 and PWR were observed among non-overweight/obese women; between group 1 and caesarean delivery among overweight/obese women; group 2 with preterm delivery and caesarean delivery were only found among overweight/obese women.

    CONCLUSIONS: Higher GWG as well as increasing GWG trajectories was associated with higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Promoting GWG within the recommended range should be emphasised in antenatal care to prevent the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/epidemiology
  11. Fulltext Quality of life among women with breast cancer from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
    Redhwan, A.A., Md Idris, M.N., Zaleha, M.I., Robert, C., Fuad, I., Sami, R.A.
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2008;14(2):46-55.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction : The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of life (QOL) of breast cancer survivors based on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.
    Methods : A cross-sectional study was performed on 125 breast cancer survivors from the outpatient clinics. FACT-B (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast) questionnaire was used to assess survivors’ QOL.
    Results : Survivors with low body mass index (BMI) (underweight) were found to have the lowest overall QOL. Those who were overweight had a higher overall QOL, and those who were normal-weight had the highest QOL. Low educational level, being underweight and low monthly household income were significantly associated with lower overall QOL Tamoxifen use and employment status were significantly associated with QOL in some domains. Time since diagnosis to QOL interview was significantly associated with greater scores in emotional well-being (EWB). Multiple linear regression indicated that age, marital status, monthly household income, surgery and histological grade were indicative of the patients QOL.
    Conclusion : The four primary factors related to better QOL were high educational level, high income, normal body weight and greater duration from the time of diagnosis to the time of interview. Age, marital status, income, lumpectomy and histological grade were indicative of the patient QOL.
    Study site: Oncology and Surgical clinics; Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  12. Fulltext Psychometric evaluation of the malay version of the impact of weight on quality of life-lite (IWQOL-LITE) questionnaire
    Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf, Ahmad Fareed Abdul Rahman Aniza Ismail, Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh, Azimatunnoor Aizuddin
    Int J Public Health Res, 2018;8(1):950-955.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction The availability of obesity specific quality of life measurement tool is limited. The Malay version of Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite is an obesity specific quality of life questionnaire which has been translated for use in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of this questionnaire to measure quality of life among different body mass index (BMI) groups.
    Methods One hundred and twenty subjects with different BMI categories who attended an outpatient government clinic were recruited for this study. The translated Malay version of IWQOL-Lite was used to assess the impact of weight on quality of life of respondents. Content validity, criterion validity and construct validity were used to assess the questionnaire validity while internal consistencies and test-retest reliability were used to assess the questionnaire reliability.
    Results The Malay version of IWQOL-Lite showed good psychometric properties. The content validity was agreed upon by expert panels. The mean score of all IWQOL-Lite domains were able to discriminate between different BMI groups. Good internal consistency was demonstrated by Cronbach alpha of 0.936. Test-retest reliability ranged from 0.828 to 0.932. The physical function score (IWQOL-Lite) correlated positively with Physical Component Summary of Short Form-36 questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis found that the questions loaded on their respective five domains.
    Conclusions The results suggested that the Malay version of IWQOL-Lite is a valid and reliable tool to measure quality of life among obese and overweight subjects in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  13. Fulltext Psychiatric Morbidity, Personality Profile and Saliva Cortisol Levels in Overweight and Obese Patients Referred to Dietician Clinics in UKMMC
    Loo, T.H., Maniam, T., Ainsah, O.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2011;20(1):1-12.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: To assess psychiatric morbidity, personality profiles and saliva cortisol levels in overweight and obese individuals at dietician clinic. Method: This cross-sectional study is based on individuals who attended dietician clinic between June to November 2008. They had completed questionnaires that included General Health Questionnaire 30-items, assessment for psychiatric illness using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and personality profiles using Personality Assessment Schedule. Saliva and body mass index were taken. Results: Of the 102 patients, 16 (15.7%) were diagnosed to have psychiatric illness. There were no differences between obese and overweight patients in terms of personality traits and psychological problem. Presence of psychiatric illness was associated with higher mean body mass index. Saliva cortisol levels were not elevated in patients who had psychiatric illness. Conclusions: Psychiatric illnesses are common in individuals who seek weight treatment. Careful psychological evaluation is important at (or before) commencement of a diet program.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  14. Fulltext Profile of breast cancer among women in Kelantan
    Norsa’adah, B.B., Rusli, B.N., lmran, B.A.K., Naing, L.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2004;4(2):24-29.
    MyJurnal
    Breast cancer is the commonest female cancer in Malaysia with a prevalence of 86.2 cases per 100,000 women in 1996. Pronling breast cancer patients is important for better planning of preventive and screening strategies for Malaysian women. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to identify histological presentation, socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics and prevalence of risk or protective factors of breast cancer among women with breast cancer in Kelantan. A total of 175 female breast cancer patients who were diagnosed in 1991 to 2000, were interviewed using standardized questionnaires. The mean (sd) age was 47.0 (9.6) years with 77.7% Malay, 20.6% Chinese and 1.7% others. About half (52.6%) had 9 years or less of formal education, while 59.4% were housewives/unemployed and 60.6% had a monthly family income of less than RM1 ,000. The commonest histological type was innltrative ductal carcinoma (73 .7%) . Presentation of breast cancer with the stage lll or Vl was 59.4%. The prevalence of nulliparity · 13.1%, breastfeeding longer than two years - 58.9%, premenstrual period - 72.0%, menarche at 11 years old or less - 5 .7%, positive family history - 14.4%, overweight/obesity - 48.0%, oral contraceptives use 30.3%, hormone replacement therapy » 1.1%, cigarette smoking - 4.6%, consuming akohol - 3.4%, previous benign breast disease - 6.3%, previous breast biopsy - 2.9% and previous oophorectomy - 4.6%. The patients were younger compared to other studies. The ethnic distribution did not represent the population distribution of Kelantan. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and smoking were higher than the national prevalence among women, thus they should be included in the prevention strategies for breast cancer. Further studies are recommended to investigate why many of breast cancer patients in Kelantan presented at a younger age and at advanced stages of cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  15. Fulltext Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its influencing factors among adolescent girls in Mashhad, Iran
    Mirhosseini NZ, Yusoff NA, Shahar S, Parizadeh SM, Mobarhen MG, Shakery MT
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 2009;18(1):131-6.
    PMID: 19329406
    Introduction: This study sought to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, one of the major public-health challenges worldwide, and its influencing factors among 15 to 17 years old adolescent girls in Mashhad, Iran.
    Methods: A total of 622 high school adolescents participated in a cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic characteristics and dietary habits. Anthropometric assessments, blood pressure measurement and biochemical assessment were done.
    Results: Applying BMI Z-score for age and gender (WHO 2007), 14.6 % and 3.4 % of subjects were classified as overweight and obese, respectively. Enlarged WC (> 80 cm) was seen in 9.5% of subjects. The prevalence of combined hypertension was 6.1% which was increased by the severity of obesity. A total of 24.5% of subjects had hypertriglyceridemia and 57% of them had low level of HDL-cholesterol. Hyperglycemia was present in 16.7% of subjects. Based on the NCEP ATP III (2001) criteria, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 6.5% and increased to 45.1% in obese subjects. Increasing BMI or WC, led to significant increment in the number of metabolic syndrome features (p < 0.001). High socioeconomic status of family, medical history of parents and dietary habits especially high consumption of carbohydrates were influencing factors in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.
    Conclusion: Approximately 6.5% of all and 45% of obese subjects met the criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Dietary habits especially carbohydrate consumption, socioeconomic status of family and medical history of parents can be influential factors in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/complications; Overweight/epidemiology*
  16. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among secondary school students in semi urban area in Malaysia
    Alagappan M, Rampal L, Zalilah MS
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 12;74(6):513-520.
    PMID: 31929478
    INTRODUCTION: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and factors associated among secondary school students in Batang Padang District, Perak, Malaysia.

    METHODS: Out of the 7247 students in the ten selected schools studied, a total of 6248 students (2928 males, 3320 females) took part. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the adjusted odd ratio.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 16.0% and 11.5% respectively. Obesity/overweight was significantly (p<0.05) associated with gender, age, ethnicity, education level of father, education level of mother, physical activity, disordered eating, smoking status, body size perception and body part satisfaction. The multivariable analysis results showed that the odds of being overweight/obesity were higher in males compared to females (OR 1.56, 95%CI: 1.37, 1.77). The results also showed that the odds of being overweight/obesity were highest among those in age group 12 and 13 years and among Malay ethnicity. The odds of overweight/obesity were higher in those who was dissatisfied with their body parts, (OR 1.96, 95%CI: 1.71, 2.25), dissatisfied with their body size (OR: 4.25, 95%CI: 3.60, 5.02), low physical activity (OR 1.23, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.44), current smokers (OR 1.38, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.78) and at risk of having eating disorder (OR: 1.39, 95%CI 1.22, 1.59).

    CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity is high. The findings from this study can be used by policy makers to plan an integrated intervention program in schools.

    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/epidemiology*
  17. Fulltext Prevalence of overweight/obesity among the medical students, Malaysia
    Gopalakrishnan S, Ganeshkumar P, Prakash MVS, Christopher, Amalraj V
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Aug;67(4):442-4.
    PMID: 23082463
    BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. Body mass index is a simple index of weight-for-height that is commonly used in classifying overweight and obesity in adult populations and individuals.
    OBJECTIVES: A study was conducted to screen the medical students of AIMST University for overweight/obesity using Body Mass Index(BMI) and to determine the prevalence among them.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 290 medical students using a pre-tested questionnaire and measured their Body Mass Index (BMI). Data obtained was analyzed statistically by calculating proportions.
    RESULTS: Out of 290 students who participated in the study, 45.2% were males. In the study, 14.8% were found to be overweight (BMI 23-24.9 kg/m2); 13.7% of males and 15.7% of females. Pre-obese students (BMI 25-29kg/m2) accounted for 15.9% of the total (males 18.3% and females 13.8%). 5.2% were found to be obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2): males 9.2% and females 1.9%. Also 14.8% were found to be underweight (males 12.2% and females 17.0%). The study group consisted of 63.8% Indian, 32.4% Chinese and 3.8% Malay students.
    CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the medical students of AIMST University is on the high, which is comparable to the findings of earlier studies conducted in Malaysia, reinforcing the need to encourage healthy lifestyle, healthy food habits and a physically active daily routine, among the adolescents and youth of this country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/epidemiology
  18. Prevalence of overweight and self-reported chronic diseases among residents in Pulau Kundur, Kelantan, Malaysia
    Nazri SM, Imran MK, Ismail IM, Faris AA
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2008 Jan;39(1):162-7.
    PMID: 18567457
    This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the socio-demographic characteristics and prevalence of overweight/obesity and self-reported diabetes mellitus, hypertension and heart disease among the population in Pulau Kundur, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. This study was conducted in September 2005. We randomly selected 120 of 240 households in Pulau Kundur, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Fifteen interviewers were trained to use a structured questionnaire to interview 348 adult respondents age 18 years and older in the selected houses. The mean age was 40.7 years; 52.7% were females and 99.4% were Malay. Sixty-two point seven percent were married and 50.9% of them had Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) or less education. The mean head of family income was RM 532.4. The mean body mass index was 25.3. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity, known hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart disease were 49.1, 12.6, 7.8 and 2.0% respectively. Adults in this village had a high prevalence of overweight and obesity and self-reported chronic diseases. Health education and lifestyle modification are needed for those adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/epidemiology*
  19. Fulltext Prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary healthcare workers in Perak, Malaysia
    Low, Pei Kit, Hazizi Abu Saad, Rosita Jamaluddin, Chee, Huei Phing
    IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2020;19(1):23-30.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Overweight and obesity has been emerging as one of the most common and preventable
    nutritional problems worldwide. In 2016, 39% and 13% of the adult population worldwide was classified as
    overweight and obese, respectively. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at 12
    selected health clinics in Perak, Malaysia, and we used multi-stage cluster random sampling to determine the
    prevalence of overweight and obesity among the primary healthcare workers and the associate factors of
    obesity indices. Each respondent was required to complete a self-administered questionnaire on their sociodemographic characteristics. In addition, we took anthropometric measurements, including height, weight,
    BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage, of the participants. Results: We recruited 261 primary
    healthcare workers. Overall, 49.9% of the healthcare workers were overweight or obese, 51.0% were at risk
    of having abdominal obesity, and 79.6% had a high body fat percentages. Age and self-reported health status
    were significantly associated with all the obesity indices. Educational level showed significant association
    with BMI and waist circumference, while occupational status showed an association only with BMI. Older age
    and professionals were predictors for high obesity indices. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity among the
    primary healthcare workers was higher than among the general population. An immediate intervention
    programme is needed to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary healthcare
    workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight
  20. Fulltext Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult Malaysians: an update
    Wan Nazaimoon WM, Musa KI, Md Khir AS, Ismail AA, Ismail IS, Khalid BAK, et al.
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 2011;20(1):35-41.
    PMID: 21393108
    A total of 4428 adults (>18 years old) from 5 different selected regions in Peninsular and East Malaysia participated in this health survey. Using World Health Organization recommendations for body mass index (BMI), the prevalence of overweight and obesity were found to be 33.6% (95% CI= 32.2, 35.0) and 19.5% (95% CI= 18.3, 20.7) respectively. There were more females who were obese (22.5%, 95% CI=20.9, 24.0) compared to males (14.1%, 95% CI=12.3, 15.9). Highest prevalence of obesity were among the Indians (24.6%, 95% CI=20.3, 29.3), followed closely by the Malays (23.2%, 95% CI=21.6, 24.8%) and lowest prevalence was among the Chinese subjects (8.2%, 95% CI=6.2, 10.6). More than 43% of the 531 younger subjects (<30 years old) were either overweight (20%, 95% CI=16.6, 23.6) or obese (13.9%, 95% CI=11.1, 17.2%). All subjects who claimed to be non-diabetes were required to undergo 75 g glucose tolerance test. Compared to subjects with normal BMI (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), there was a 3- and 2-folds increase in the prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance respectively, among obese subjects (BMI>30 kg/m2) who initially claimed to have no diabetes. This study highlights a need for more active, inter-sectoral participation advocating a health-promoting environment in order to combat obesity in this country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Overweight/ethnology; Overweight/epidemiology*
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