Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 378 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Combination Therapy of Clinically Approved Antifungal Drugs Is Enhanced by Conjugation with Silver Nanoparticles
    Hussain MA, Ahmed D, Anwar A, Perveen S, Ahmed S, Anis I, et al.
    Int Microbiol, 2019 Jun;22(2):239-246.
    PMID: 30810990 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-018-00043-3
    Silver nanoparticles (SN) have been recently developed as a new class of antimicrobial agents against numerous pathogenic microorganisms. SN have also been used as efficient drug delivery systems and have been linked with increasing drug potency. Here, we demonstrated the enhanced antifungal efficacy of nystatin (NYT) and fluconazole (FLU) after conjugation with SN. The antifungal bioactivity of NYT- and FLU-coated SN was evaluated against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 by the agar tube dilution method. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the antifungal efficacy of NYT and FLU with their SN and, finally, the combination of both nanoparticles as NYT-SN + FLU-SN against pathogenic fungi. The results indicated that all test samples showed a dose-dependent response against tested fungi. SN significantly enhanced the antifungal effects of NYT and FLU as compared to drugs alone. We observed a remarkable increase in the percent inhibition of both fungi (90-100%) when treated with a combination of both nanoparticles NYT-SN + FLU-SN at 200 μg/mL only. Furthermore, the morphological modifications occurred at the surface of fungal species were also analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). While tested against primary human cell line, all SN showed negligible cytotoxicity. Hence, these results suggest that the combination of SN with NYT and FLU may have clinical implications in the treatment of fungal infections. However, in vivo studies are needed before recommending the use of these nanoparticles safely in clinical situations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties/drug effects
  2. Comparative evaluation of effect of different polishing systems on surface roughness of composite resin: An in vitro study
    Chour RG, Moda A, Arora A, Arafath MY, Shetty VK, Rishal Y
    J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2016 Aug;6(Suppl 2):S166-70.
    PMID: 27652251 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.189761
    Satisfactory composite restoration depends upon its smooth finish, quality of polishing agents, type of composite material used, and its composition. The present study evaluated the effect of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of composite resin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  3. Comparative evaluation of the degree of pegylation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles in enhancing central nervous system delivery of loperamide
    Kirby BP, Pabari R, Chen CN, Al Baharna M, Walsh J, Ramtoola Z
    J Pharm Pharmacol, 2013 Oct;65(10):1473-81.
    PMID: 24028614 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12125
    In this study, we examined the relative cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) formulated using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymers with increasing degree of pegylation (PLGA-PEG) and their potential to deliver loperamide to the brain of a mouse.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  4. Fulltext Completed local ternary pattern for rotation invariant texture classification
    Rassem TH, Khoo BE
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:373254.
    PMID: 24977193 DOI: 10.1155/2014/373254
    Despite the fact that the two texture descriptors, the completed modeling of Local Binary Pattern (CLBP) and the Completed Local Binary Count (CLBC), have achieved a remarkable accuracy for invariant rotation texture classification, they inherit some Local Binary Pattern (LBP) drawbacks. The LBP is sensitive to noise, and different patterns of LBP may be classified into the same class that reduces its discriminating property. Although, the Local Ternary Pattern (LTP) is proposed to be more robust to noise than LBP, however, the latter's weakness may appear with the LTP as well as with LBP. In this paper, a novel completed modeling of the Local Ternary Pattern (LTP) operator is proposed to overcome both LBP drawbacks, and an associated completed Local Ternary Pattern (CLTP) scheme is developed for rotation invariant texture classification. The experimental results using four different texture databases show that the proposed CLTP achieved an impressive classification accuracy as compared to the CLBP and CLBC descriptors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  5. Conductive PEDOT:PSS coated polylactide (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) electrospun membranes: Fabrication and characterization
    Chang HC, Sun T, Sultana N, Lim MM, Khan TH, Ismail AF
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2016 Apr 1;61:396-410.
    PMID: 26838866 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.074
    In the current study, electrospinning technique was used to fabricate composite membranes by blending of a synthetic polymer, polylactic acid (PLA) and a natural polymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), PHBV. Conductive membranes were prepared by dipping PLA/PHBV electrospun membranes into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  6. Contour analysis of an implant--soft tissue interface
    Chai WL, Moharamzadeh K, van Noort R, Emanuelsson L, Palmquist A, Brook IM
    J Periodontal Res, 2013 Oct;48(5):663-70.
    PMID: 23442017 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12062
    Studies of peri-implant soft tissue on in vivo models are commonly based on histological sections prepared using undecalcified or 'fracture' techniques. These techniques require the cutting or removal of implant during the specimen preparation process. The aim of this study is to explore a new impression technique that does not require any cutting or removal of implant for contour analysis of soft tissue around four types of titanium (Ti) surface roughness using an in vitro three-dimensional oral mucosal model (3D OMM).
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  7. Controlled acid catalyzed sol gel for the synthesis of highly active TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite and its corresponding photocatalytic activity
    Afzal S, Samsudin EM, Julkapli NM, Hamid SB
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2016 Nov;23(22):23158-23168.
    PMID: 27591888
    For the synthesis of a highly active TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite, pH plays a crucial role towards controlling its morphology, size, crystallinity, thermal stability, and surface adsorption properties. The presence of chitosan (CS) biopolymer facilitates greater sustainability to the photoexcited electrons and holes on the catalysts' surface. The variation of synthesis pH from 2 to 5 resulted in different physico-chemical and photocatalytic properties, whereby a pH of 3 resulted in TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite with the highest photocatalytic degradation (above 99 %) of methylene orange (MO) dye. This was attributed to the efficient surface absorption properties, high crystallinity, and the presence of reactive surfaces of -NH2 and -OH groups, which enhances the adsorption-photodegradation effect. The larger surface oxygen vacancies coupled with reduced electron-hole recombination further enhanced the photocatalytic activity. It is undeniable that the pH during synthesis is critical towards the development of the properties of the TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  8. Fulltext Controlled release and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition properties of an antihypertensive drug based on a perindopril erbumine-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite
    Hussein Al Ali SH, Al-Qubaisi M, Hussein MZ, Ismail M, Zainal Z, Hakim MN
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2012;7:2129-41.
    PMID: 22619549 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S30461
    The intercalation of perindopril erbumine into Zn/Al-NO(3)-layered double hydroxide resulted in the formation of a host-guest type of material. By virtue of the ion-exchange properties of layered double hydroxide, perindopril erbumine was released in a sustained manner. Therefore, this intercalated material can be used as a controlled-release formulation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  9. Controlled release compound based on metanilate-layered double hydroxide nanohybrid
    Hussein MZ, Nasir NM, Yahaya AH
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2008 Nov;8(11):5921-8.
    PMID: 19198327
    Metanilate-layered double hydroxide nanohybrid compound was synthesized for controlled release purposes through co-precipitation method of the metal cations and organic anion. The effect of various divalent metal cations (M2+), namely Zn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ on the formation of metanilate-LDH nanohybrids, in which metanilate anion was intercalated into three different layered double hydroxide (LDH) systems; Zn-Al, Mg-Al and Ca-Al were investigated. The syntheses were carried out with M2+ to Al3+ initial molar ratio, R of 4. The pH of the mother liquor was maintained at pH 7.5 and 10 during the synthesis, and the resulting mixture was aged at around 70 degrees C for about 18 h. The intercalation of metanilate anion into the host was found to be strongly influenced by the M2+ that formed the inorganic metal hydroxide layers. Under our experimental condition, the formation of the nanohybrid materials was found to be more feasible for the Zn-Al than for the other two systems, in which the former showed well-ordered layered organic-inorganic nanohybrid structure with good crystallinity. Intercalation is confirmed by the expansion of the interlayer spacing to about 15-17 A when metanilate was introduced into the interlamellae of Zn-Al LDHs. In addition, CHNS and FTIR analyses also support that metanilate anion has been successfully intercalated into the interlamellae of the inorganic LDH. Apart from M2+, this study also shows that the initial pH of the mother liquor plays an important role in determining the physicochemical properties of the resulting nanohybrids, especially the mole fraction of the Zn2+ substituted by the Al3+ ion in the LDH inorganic sheets which in turn controlled the loading percentage of the organic anion, surface properties and the true density. Preliminary study shows that LDH can be used to host beneficial guests, active agent with controlled release capability of the guests. Generally the overall process is governed by pseudo second order kinetic but for the first 180 min, the release process can be slightly better described by parabolic diffusion than the other models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  10. Controlled release formulation of agrochemical pesticide based on 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyrate nanohybrid
    Hussein MZ, Hashim N, Yahaya AH, Zainal Z
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2009 Mar;9(3):2140-7.
    PMID: 19435093
    Hybridization of beneficial organic guest with inorganic host affords scientists an opportunity to synthesize various combinations of new organic-inorganic nanohybrids with various potential applications, especially for controlled delivery of beneficial agent and storage. A new layered organic-inorganic nanohybrid material containing an agrochemical, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyrate (DPBA) in Zn-Al-layered double hydroxide inorganic interlayer was synthesised by direct and indirect methods. Both methods yielded mesoporous-type, phase pure, well-ordered layered nanohybrids with similar basal spacing of 28.5-28.7 angstroms and organic loading of around 54.3%. Compared to the material prepared by direct method, the ion exchanged product inherited more of the host's properties especially the pore structure and the organic moiety is also more easily released. This shows that the method of preparation plays an important role in determining the resulting physicochemical properties, in particular the release property and therefore can be used as a means to tune up the release property of the beneficial agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  11. Fulltext Controlled-release formulation of antihistamine based on cetirizine zinc-layered hydroxide nanocomposites and its effect on histamine release from basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells
    Hasan S, Al Ali H, Al-Qubaisi M, Zobir Hussein M, Ismail M, Zainal Z, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2012;7:3351-63.
    PMID: 22848164 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S30809
    A controlled-release formulation of an antihistamine, cetirizine, was synthesized using zinc-layered hydroxide as the host and cetirizine as the guest. The resulting well-ordered nanolayered structure, a cetirizine nanocomposite "CETN," had a basal spacing of 33.9 Å, averaged from six harmonics observed from X-ray diffraction. The guest, cetirizine, was arranged in a horizontal bilayer between the zinc-layered hydroxide (ZLH) inorganic interlayers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies indicated that the intercalation takes place without major change in the structure of the guest and that the thermal stability of the guest in the nanocomposites is markedly enhanced. The loading of the guest in the nanocomposites was estimated to be about 49.4% (w/w). The release study showed that about 96% of the guest could be released in 80 hours by phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 compared with about 97% in 73 hours at pH 4.8. It was found that release was governed by pseudo-second order kinetics. Release of histamine from rat basophilic leukemia cells was found to be more sensitive to the intercalated cetirizine in the CETN compared with its free counterpart, with inhibition of 56% and 29%, respectively, at 62.5 ng/mL. The cytotoxicity assay toward Chang liver cells line show the IC₅₀ for CETN and ZLH are 617 and 670 μg/mL, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  12. Coral--polyhydroxybutrate composite scaffold for tissue engineering: prefabrication properties
    Al-Salihi KA, Samsudin AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:202-3.
    PMID: 15468888
    In this study the surface properties of two particulate coral and polyhydroxybutrate (PHB) were studied in order to characterize them prior to use in composite production. Coral powder and PHB particle were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, to measure surface porosity and pores size. The results showed that coral powder has multiple pleomorphic micropores cross each others give appearance of micro-interconnectivity. Some pore reached to 18 microm with an average porosity of 70%. PHB revealed multiple different size pores extended to the depth, with an average some times reach 25 microm and porosity 45%. These findings demonstrate that both coral and PHB have excellent pores size and porosity that facilitate bone in growth, vascular invasion and bone development. We believe that incorporation of coral powder into PHB will make an excellent composite scaffold for tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  13. Correlating gastric emptying of amphotericin B and paracetamol solid lipid nanoparticles with changes in particle surface chemistry
    Amekyeh H, Billa N, Roberts C
    Int J Pharm, 2017 Jan 30;517(1-2):42-49.
    PMID: 27923696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.12.001
    Oral delivery of pharmaceuticals requires that they retain their physical and chemical attributes during transit within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, for the manifestation of desired therapeutic profiles. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are used as carriers to improve the absorption of hydrophobic drugs. In this study, we examine the stability of amphotericin B (AmB) and paracetamol (PAR) SLNs in simulated GI fluids during gastric emptying. On contact with the simulated fluids, the particles increased in size due to ingress of the dissolution media into the particles. Simulated gastric emptying revealed that the formulations had mean sizes <350nm and neutral surface charges, both of which are optimal for intestinal absorption of SLNs. There was ingress of the fluids into the SLNs, followed by diffusion of the dissolved drug, whose rate depended on the solubility of the loaded-drug in the particular medium. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses indicated that drug loading followed the core-shell model and that the AmB SLNs have a more drug-enriched core than the PAR SLNs do. The AmB SLNs are therefore a very suitable carrier of AmB for oral delivery. The stability of the SLNs in the simulated GI media indicates their suitability for oral delivery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  14. Corrosion and surface modification on biocompatible metals: A review
    Asri RIM, Harun WSW, Samykano M, Lah NAC, Ghani SAC, Tarlochan F, et al.
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2017 Aug 01;77:1261-1274.
    PMID: 28532004 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.102
    Corrosion prevention in biomaterials has become crucial particularly to overcome inflammation and allergic reactions caused by the biomaterials' implants towards the human body. When these metal implants contacted with fluidic environments such as bloodstream and tissue of the body, most of them became mutually highly antagonistic and subsequently promotes corrosion. Biocompatible implants are typically made up of metallic, ceramic, composite and polymers. The present paper specifically focuses on biocompatible metals which favorably used as implants such as 316L stainless steel, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, pure titanium and titanium-based alloys. This article also takes a close look at the effect of corrosion towards the implant and human body and the mechanism to improve it. Due to this corrosion delinquent, several surface modification techniques have been used to improve the corrosion behavior of biocompatible metals such as deposition of the coating, development of passivation oxide layer and ion beam surface modification. Apart from that, surface texturing methods such as plasma spraying, chemical etching, blasting, electropolishing, and laser treatment which used to improve corrosion behavior are also discussed in detail. Introduction of surface modifications to biocompatible metals is considered as a "best solution" so far to enhanced corrosion resistance performance; besides achieving superior biocompatibility and promoting osseointegration of biocompatible metals and alloys.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  15. Cost-effective, expedient, and time-saving surface texturing technique for facial prostheses
    Aggarwal H, Kumar P, Eachempati P, Krishanappa SK
    J Prosthet Dent, 2015 Sep;114(3):456-7.
    PMID: 26047802 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.04.010
    This article describes a cost-effective, expedient, and time-saving technique for surface texturing a facial prosthesis with fine sand mixed in resin adhesive glue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  16. DNA-RNA complementation on silicon wafer for thyroid cancer determination
    Gopinath SCB, Xuan S
    Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2021 Jun;68(3):554-559.
    PMID: 32460382 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1961
    One of the current issues with thyroid tumor is early diagnosis as it makes the higher possibility of curing. This research was focused to detect and quantify the level of specific target sequence complementation of miR-222 with capture DNA sequence on interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensor. The aluminum electrode with the gap and finger sizes of 10 µm was fabricated on silicon wafer, further the surface was amine-functionalized for accommodating carboxylated-DNA probe. With DNA-target RNA complementation, the detection limit was attained to be 1 fM as estimated by a linear regression analysis [y = 1.5325x - 2.1171 R² = 0.9065] and the sensitivity was at the similar level. Current responses were higher by increasing the target RNA sequence concentrations. Control experiments with mismatched/noncomplementary sequences were failed to complement the capture DNA sequence immobilized on IDE, indicating the specific target validation. This research helps diagnosing and identifying the progression with thyroid tumor and miRNA being a potential "marker" in atypia diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  17. Decontamination of textile wastewater via TiO2/activated carbon composite materials
    Foo KY, Hameed BH
    Adv Colloid Interface Sci, 2010 Sep 15;159(2):130-43.
    PMID: 20673570 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2010.06.002
    Water scarcity and pollution rank equal to climate change as the most urgent environmental turmoil for the 21st century. To date, the percolation of textile effluents into the waterways and aquifer systems, remain an intricate conundrum abroad the nations. With the renaissance of activated carbon, there has been a steadily growing interest in the research field. Recently, the adoption of titanium dioxide, a prestigious advanced photo-catalyst which formulates the new growing branch of activated carbon composites for enhancement of adsorption rate and discoloration capacity, has attracted stern consideration and supports worldwide. Confirming the assertion, this paper presents a state of art review of titanium dioxide/activated carbon composites technology, its fundamental background studies, and environmental implications. Moreover, its major challenges together with the future expectation are summarized and discussed. Conclusively, the expanding of activated carbons composites material represents a potentially viable and powerful tool, leading to the plausible improvement of environmental conservation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  18. Degradation behavior of biodegradable Fe35Mn alloy stents
    Sing NB, Mostavan A, Hamzah E, Mantovani D, Hermawan H
    J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 2015 Apr;103(3):572-7.
    PMID: 24954069 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33242
    This article reports a degradation study that was done on stent prototypes made of biodegradable Fe35Mn alloy in a simulated human coronary arterial condition. The stent degradation was observed for a short-term period from 0.5 to 168 h, which simulates the early period of stenting procedure. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to quantify degradation rate and surface property of the stents. Results showed that signs of degradation were visible on both crimped and expanded stents after 1 h of test, mostly located on the stent's curvatures. The degradation rate of stent was higher compared to that of the original alloy, indicating the surface altering effect of stent fabrication processing to degradation. A single oxide layer was formed and detected as a porous structure with capacitive behavior. Expanded stents exhibited lower polarization resistance compared to the nonexpanded ones, indicating the cold work effect of expansion procedure to degradation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  19. Fulltext Degradation effects of dietary solvents on microhardness and inorganic elements of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing dental composites
    Munusamy SM, Helen-Ng LC, Farook MS
    BMC Oral Health, 2024 Feb 01;24(1):162.
    PMID: 38302972 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03905-7
    BACKGROUND: Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) dental composites were introduced with superior mechanical properties than conventional dental composites. However, little is known on effects of dietary solvents on microhardness or inorganic elemental composition of CAD/CAM composites.

    OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the degradation effects of each dietary solvent on the microhardness of the different CAD/CAM dental composites and to observe the degradation effects of dietary solvent on the inorganic elements of the dental composites investigated.

    METHODS: Fifty specimens with dimensions 12 mm x 14 mm x 1.5 mm were prepared for direct composite (Filtek Z350 XT [FZ]), indirect composite (Shofu Ceramage [CM]), and three CAD/CAM composites (Lava Ultimate [LU], Cerasmart [CS], and Vita Enamic [VE]). The specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10) and conditioned for 1-week at 37°C in the following: air (control), distilled water, 0.02 N citric acid, 0.02 N lactic acid and 50% ethanol-water solution. Subsequently, the specimens were subjected to microhardness test (KHN) using Knoop hardness indenter. Air (control) and representative postconditioning specimens with the lowest mean KHN value for each material were analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test at a significance level of p = 0.05.

    RESULTS: Mean KHN values ranged from 39.7 ± 2.7 kg/mm2 for FZ conditioned in 50% ethanol-water solution to 79.2 ± 3.4 kg/mm2 for VE conditioned in air (control). With exception to LU, significant differences were observed between materials and dietary solvents for other dental composites investigated. EDX showed stable peaks of the inorganic elements between air (control) and representative postconditioning specimens.

    CONCLUSIONS: The microhardness of dental composites was significantly affected by dietary solvents, except for one CAD/CAM composite [LU]. However, no changes were observed in the inorganic elemental composition of dental composites between air (control) and 1-week postconditioning.

    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
  20. Delamination-fretting wear failure evaluation at HAp-Ti-6Al-4V interface of uncemented artificial hip implant
    Nagentrau M, Mohd Tobi AL, Jamian S, Otsuka Y, Hussin R
    J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2021 10;122:104657.
    PMID: 34246851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104657
    Present research aims to develop a finite element computational model to examine delamination-fretting wear behaviour that can suitably mimic actual loading conditions at HAp-Ti-6Al-4V interface of uncemented hip implant femoral stem component. A simple finite element contact configuration model based on fretting fatigue experimental arrangement subjected to different mechanical and tribological properties consist of contact pad (bone), HAp coating and Ti-6Al-4V substrate are developed using adaptive wear modelling approach adopting modified Archard wear equation to be examined under static simulation. The developed finite element model is validated and verified with reported literatures. The findings revealed that significant delamination-fretting wear is recorded at contact edge (leading edge) as a result of substantial contact pressure and contact slip driven by stress singularity effect. The delamination-fretting wear behaviour is promoted under higher delamination length, lower normal loading with higher fatigue loading, increased porous (cancellous) and cortical bone elastic modulus with higher cycle number due to significant relative slip amplitude as the result of reduced interface rigidity. Tensile-compressive condition (R=-1) experiences most significant delamination-fretting wear behaviour (8 times higher) compared to stress ratio R=0.1 and R=10.
    Matched MeSH terms: Surface Properties
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links