Displaying publications 861 - 880 of 3311 in total

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  1. Bipleiophylline, an unprecedented cytotoxic bisindole alkaloid constituted from the bridging of two indole moieties by an aromatic spacer unit
    Kam TS, Tan SJ, Ng SW, Komiyama K
    Org. Lett., 2008 Sep 4;10(17):3749-52.
    PMID: 18683934 DOI: 10.1021/ol801354s
    A cytotoxic bisindole alkaloid possessing an unprecedented structure in which two indole moieties are bridged by an aromatic spacer unit has been isolated from Alstonia angustifolia. The structure was established by analysis of the spectroscopic data and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. A possible biogenetic pathway from pyrocatechuic acid and pleiocarpamine is presented.
    Matched MeSH terms: KB Cells; Jurkat Cells
  2. Inducible transgene expression in undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells and embryoid bodies
    Nordin N, Nathan S, Li M, Mason JO
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:59-60.
    PMID: 19024983
    Obtaining pure population of neural cells from embryonic stem (ES) cells remains a challenge as little is known about the genes that govern embryonic stem cell differentiation. Using mouse ES cells, we aim to uncover the mechanisms that regulate neural differentiation of ES cells by focusing on roles played by Wnt family genes. Combining two techniques, Cre/loxP-based genetic recombination and ligand-dependent activation of Cre, we have generated transgenic ES cell lines that allow for the temporal control of expression and activity of Wnt gene (Wnt1-Ha) and Wnt antagonist (Dkk1). The ability of these cell lines in inducing the expression of transgene in undifferentiated ES cells and, more importantly, in differentiated derivatives of ES cells in vitro is evaluated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology*
  3. Process optimization studies of lead (Pb(II)) biosorption onto immobilized cells of Pycnoporus sanguineus using response surface methodology
    Yus Azila Y, Mashitah MD, Bhatia S
    Bioresour Technol, 2008 Dec;99(18):8549-52.
    PMID: 18599293 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.056
    A central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize the biosorption of Pb(II) ions onto immobilized cells of Pycnoporus sanguineus. The independent variables were initial Pb(II) concentration, pH and biomass loading. The combined effects of these variables were analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM) using quadratic model for predicting the optimum point. Under these conditions the model predicted a maximum of 97.7% of Pb(II) ions removal at pH 4, 200mg/L of initial Pb(II) concentration with 10g/L of biosorbent. The experimental values are in good agreement with predicted values within +0.10 to +0.81% error.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cells, Immobilized/metabolism*
  4. Pilomatrixoma as a diagnostic pitfall in fine needle aspiration cytology: a case report
    Sivakumar S
    Acta Cytol., 2007 Jul-Aug;51(4):583-5.
    PMID: 17718128 DOI: 10.1159/000325801
    BACKGROUND: Pilomatrixoma (pilomatrixoma, calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe) is a relatively uncommon, benign neoplasm arising from the skin adnexa. The tumor can cause diagnostic difficulty not only for the clinician but also for the cytologist.

    CASE: A 62-year-old woman presented with a right submandibular swelling of 4 months' duration. The clinical findings were highly suspicious for malignancy. A fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed. Three preliminary differential diagnoses were offered: mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the submandibular salivary gland, squamous cell carcinomatous deposit in a submandibular lymph node and calcifying odontogenic tumor. Computed tomography demonstrated no bony lesion. No primary site of squamous cell carcinoma could be identified. An excisional biopsy of the swelling was performed, and the histologic diagnosis of pilomatrixoma was made.

    CONCLUSION: The cytologic presentation of pilomatrixoma of the right submandibular region can masquerade as that of a malignant tumor, in this case mucoepidermoid carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or odontogenic tumor. This case delineates the cytomorphologic features of pilomatrixoma that may mimic carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epithelial Cells/pathology
  5. A lectin histochemical study on the testis of the babirusa, Babyroussa babyrussa (Suidae)
    Agungpriyono S, Kurohmaru M, Prasetyaningtyas WE, Kaspe L, Leus KY, Sasaki M, et al.
    Anat Histol Embryol, 2007 Oct;36(5):343-8.
    PMID: 17845223
    The distribution of lectin bindings in the testis of babirusa, Babyrousa babyrussa (Suidae) was studied histochemically using 10 biotinylated lectins, Peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA I), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA), Soybean agglutinin (SBA), Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA), Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA), Concanavalin A(Con A) and Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA I). Nine of 10 lectins showed a variety of staining patterns in the seminiferous epithelium and interstitial cells. The acrosome of Golgi-, cap- and acrosome-phase spermatids displayed various PNA, RCA I, VVA, SBA and WGA bindings, indicating the presence of glycoconjugates with D-galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine sugar residues respectively. No affinity was detected in the acrosome of late spermatids. LCA, PSA and Con A which have affinity for D-mannose and D-glucose sugar residues were positive in the cytoplasm of spermatids and spermatocytes. DBA was positive only in spermatogonia. In addition to DBA, positive binding in spermatogonia was found for VVA, WGA and Con A, suggesting the distribution of glycoconjugates with N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-mannose and D-glucose sugar residues. Sertoli cells were stained intensely with RCA I, WGA and Con A. In Leydig cells, RCA I and Con A were strongly positive, while WGA, LCA and PSA reactions were weak to moderate. The present findings showed that the distribution pattern of lectin binding in the testis of babirusa is somewhat different from that of pig or other mammals reported previously.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sertoli Cells/metabolism
  6. Adenoid mast cells and their role in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion
    Abdullah B, Hassan S, Sidek D, Jaafar H
    J Laryngol Otol, 2006 Jul;120(7):556-60.
    PMID: 16834804 DOI: 10.1017/S002221510
    INTRODUCTION: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is an inflammation of the middle ear in which a collection of liquid is present in the middle-ear space while the tympanic membrane is intact. The association between adenoid inflammation and OME has long been noted but the exact mechanism is still much debated. We studied the role of adenoid mast cells in the causation of OME.
    OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution and role of adenoid mast cells in the causation of OME.
    METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, prospective study was carried out in the otorhinolaryngologic clinic, department of otorhinolaryngology (ORL), Science University of Malaysia, from June 1999 to September 2001. A total number of 50 cases were studied. Twenty-five of these patients underwent adenoidectomy, while another 25 patients underwent adenoidectomy and myringotomy with ventilation tube insertion. The adenoid specimens from all patients were examined for the number of adenoid mast cells present, using light microscopy and toluidine blue as the staining agent. The results were analysed using SPSS version 10.0 computer software.
    RESULT: The population of adenoid mast cells in children with OME was significantly greater than that in children without OME (p=0.000).
    CONCLUSION: The increased number of adenoid mast cells in patients with OME suggests that inflammation may play a role in this condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mast Cells/pathology*
  7. Effect of differences in physical and chemical properties of chitosan on endothelial cell adhesion and growth
    Mai-Ngam K, Seetapan N, Sagnella S
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:172-3.
    PMID: 15468873
    Matched MeSH terms: Endothelial Cells/drug effects*
  8. Endothelialisation of poly (carbonate-siloxane-urea) urethane
    Kannan RY, Sales KM, Salacinski HJ, Butler PE, Seifalian AM
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:107-8.
    PMID: 15468841
    Matched MeSH terms: Endothelial Cells/cytology*
  9. The use of bone marrow stem cells for bone tissue engineering
    Ng MH, Aminuddin BS, Tan KK, Tan GH, Sabarul Afian M, Ruszymah BH
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:41-2.
    PMID: 15468809
    Bone marrow stem cells (BMSC), known for its multipotency to differentiate into various mesenchymal cells such as chodrocyte, osteoblasts, adipocytes, etc, have been actively applied in tissue engineering. BMSC have been successfully isolated from bone marrow aspirate and bone marrow scraping from patients of various ages (13-56 years) with as little as 2ml to 5ml aspirate. BMSC isolated from our laboratory showed the presence of a heterogenous population that showed varying prevalence of surface antigens and the presence of telomerase activity albeit weak. Upon osteogenic induction, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization activity were observed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Marrow Cells/cytology
  10. Tissue engineered trachea using sheep nasal septum
    Kojima K
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:32-3.
    PMID: 15468805
    Matched MeSH terms: Epithelial Cells/cytology
  11. Fulltext Identification of QTLs associated with callogenesis and embryogenesis in oil palm using genetic linkage maps improved with SSR markers
    Ting NC, Jansen J, Nagappan J, Ishak Z, Chin CW, Tan SG, et al.
    PLoS One, 2013;8(1):e53076.
    PMID: 23382832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053076
    Clonal reproduction of oil palm by means of tissue culture is a very inefficient process. Tissue culturability is known to be genotype dependent with some genotypes being more amenable to tissue culture than others. In this study, genetic linkage maps enriched with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed for dura (ENL48) and pisifera (ML161), the two fruit forms of oil palm, Elaeis guineensis. The SSR markers were mapped onto earlier reported parental maps based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. The new linkage map of ENL48 contains 148 markers (33 AFLPs, 38 RFLPs and 77 SSRs) in 23 linkage groups (LGs), covering a total map length of 798.0 cM. The ML161 map contains 240 markers (50 AFLPs, 71 RFLPs and 119 SSRs) in 24 LGs covering a total of 1,328.1 cM. Using the improved maps, two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with tissue culturability were identified each for callusing rate and embryogenesis rate. A QTL for callogenesis was identified in LGD4b of ENL48 and explained 17.5% of the phenotypic variation. For embryogenesis rate, a QTL was detected on LGP16b in ML161 and explained 20.1% of the variation. This study is the first attempt to identify QTL associated with tissue culture amenity in oil palm which is an important step towards understanding the molecular processes underlying clonal regeneration of oil palm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plant Cells/physiology
  12. Infections in patient with decompensated cirrhosis
    Suresh RL
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:16.
    PMID: 16108167
    Matched MeSH terms: Kupffer Cells/immunology
  13. Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Ethical Views of Buddhist, Hindu and Catholic Leaders in Malaysia
    Sivaraman MA, Noor SN
    Sci Eng Ethics, 2016 Apr;22(2):467-85.
    PMID: 26049934 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-015-9666-9
    Embryonic Stem Cell Research (ESCR) raises ethical issues. In the process of research, embryos may be destroyed and, to some, such an act entails the 'killing of human life'. Past studies have sought the views of scientists and the general public on the ethics of ESCR. This study, however, explores multi-faith ethical viewpoints, in particular, those of Buddhists, Hindus and Catholics in Malaysia, on ESCR. Responses were gathered via semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. Three main ethical quandaries emerged from the data: (1) sanctity of life, (2) do no harm, and (3) 'intention' of the research. Concerns regarding the sanctity of life are directed at particular research protocols which interfere with religious notions of human ensoulment and early consciousness. The principle of 'do no harm' which is closely related to ahimsa prohibits all acts of violence. Responses obtained indicate that respondents either discourage research that inflicts harm on living entities or allow ESCR with reservations. 'Intention' of the research seems to be an interesting and viable rationale that would permit ESCR for the Buddhists and Hindus. Research that is intended for the purpose of alleviating human suffering is seen as being ethical. This study also notes that Catholics oppose ESCR on the basis of the inviolability of human life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Embryonic Stem Cells*
  14. Fulltext Benchtop technologies for circulating tumor cells separation based on biophysical properties
    Low WS, Wan Abas WA
    Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:239362.
    PMID: 25977918 DOI: 10.1155/2015/239362
    Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that have detached from primary tumor site and are transported via the circulation system. The importance of CTCs as prognostic biomarker is leveraged when multiple studies found that patient with cutoff of 5 CTCs per 7.5 mL blood has poor survival rate. Despite its clinical relevance, the isolation and characterization of CTCs can be quite challenging due to their large morphological variability and the rare presence of CTCs within the blood. Numerous methods have been employed and discussed in the literature for CTCs separation. In this paper, we will focus on label free CTCs isolation methods, in which the biophysical and biomechanical properties of cells (e.g., size, deformability, and electricity) are exploited for CTCs detection. To assess the present state of various isolation methods, key performance metrics such as capture efficiency, cell viability, and throughput will be reported. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of CTC isolation technologies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology*
  15. Asiaticoside Inhibits TNF-α-Induced Endothelial Hyperpermeability of Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
    Fong LY, Ng CT, Zakaria ZA, Baharuldin MT, Arifah AK, Hakim MN, et al.
    Phytother Res, 2015 Oct;29(10):1501-8.
    PMID: 26171791 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5404
    The increase in endothelial permeability often promotes edema formation in various pathological conditions. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro-atherogenic cytokine, impairs endothelial barrier function and causes endothelial dysfunction in early stage of atherosclerosis. Asiaticoside, one of the triterpenoids derived from Centella asiatica, is known to possess antiinflammatory activity. In order to examine the role of asiaticoside in preserving the endothelial barrier, we assessed its effects on endothelial hyperpermeability and disruption of actin filaments evoked by TNF-α in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). TNF-α caused an increase in endothelial permeability to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran. Asiaticoside pretreatment significantly suppressed TNF-α-induced increased permeability. Asiaticoside also prevented TNF-α-induced actin redistribution by suppressing stress fiber formation. However, the increased F to G actin ratio stimulated by TNF-α was not changed by asiaticoside. Cytochalasin D, an actin depolymerizing agent, was used to correlate the anti-hyperpermeability effect of asiaticoside with actin cytoskeleton. Surprisingly, asiaticoside failed to prevent cytochalasin D-induced increased permeability. These results suggest that asiaticoside protects against the disruption of endothelial barrier and actin rearrangement triggered by TNF-α without a significant change in total actin pool. However, asiaticoside seems to work by other mechanisms to maintain the integrity of endothelial barrier rather than stabilizing the F-actin organization.
    Matched MeSH terms: Endothelial Cells/drug effects
  16. Cryopreservation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Clinical Applications: Current Methods and Challenges
    Yong KW, Wan Safwani WK, Xu F, Wan Abas WA, Choi JR, Pingguan-Murphy B
    Biopreserv Biobank, 2015 Aug;13(4):231-9.
    PMID: 26280501 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2014.0104
    Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold many advantages over embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and other somatic cells in clinical applications. MSCs are multipotent cells with strong immunosuppressive properties. They can be harvested from various locations in the human body (e.g., bone marrow and adipose tissues). Cryopreservation represents an efficient method for the preservation and pooling of MSCs, to obtain the cell counts required for clinical applications, such as cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine. Upon cryopreservation, it is important to preserve MSCs functional properties including immunomodulatory properties and multilineage differentiation ability. Further, a biosafety evaluation of cryopreserved MSCs is essential prior to their clinical applications. However, the existing cryopreservation methods for MSCs are associated with notable limitations, leading to a need for new or improved methods to be established for a more efficient application of cryopreserved MSCs in stem cell-based therapies. We review the important parameters for cryopreservation of MSCs and the existing cryopreservation methods for MSCs. Further, we also discuss the challenges to be addressed in order to preserve MSCs effectively for clinical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology*
  17. Immortalization of epithelial cells in oral carcinogenesis as revealed by genome-wide array comparative genomic hybridization: A meta-analysis
    Vincent-Chong VK, Salahshourifar I, Razali R, Anwar A, Zain RB
    Head Neck, 2016 04;38 Suppl 1:E783-97.
    PMID: 25914319 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24102
    BACKGROUND: This purpose of this meta-analysis study was to identify the most frequent and potentially significant copy number alteration (CNA) in oral carcinogenesis.

    METHODS: Seven oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)-related publications, corresponding to 312 samples, were identified for this meta-analysis. The data were analyzed in a 4-step process that included the genome assembly coordination of multiple platforms, assignment of chromosomal position anchors, calling gains and losses, and functional annotation analysis.

    RESULTS: Gains were more frequent than losses in the entire dataset. High-frequency gains were identified in chromosomes 5p, 14q, 11q, 7p, 17q, 20q, 8q, and 3q, whereas high-frequency losses were identified in chromosomes 3p, 8p, 6p, 18q, and 4q. Ingenuity pathway analysis showed that the top biological function was associated with immortalization of the epithelial cells (p = 1.93E-04).

    CONCLUSION: This study has identified multiple recurrent CNAs that are involved in various biological annotations associated with oral carcinogenesis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E783-E797, 2016.

    Matched MeSH terms: Epithelial Cells/pathology*
  18. Rheological and fractal hydrodynamics of aerobic granules
    Tijani HI, Abdullah N, Yuzir A, Ujang Z
    Bioresour Technol, 2015 Jun;186:276-85.
    PMID: 25836036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.107
    The structural and hydrodynamic features for granules were characterized using settling experiments, predefined mathematical simulations and ImageJ-particle analyses. This study describes the rheological characterization of these biologically immobilized aggregates under non-Newtonian flows. The second order dimensional analysis defined as D2=1.795 for native clusters and D2=1.099 for dewatered clusters and a characteristic three-dimensional fractal dimension of 2.46 depicts that these relatively porous and differentially permeable fractals had a structural configuration in close proximity with that described for a compact sphere formed via cluster-cluster aggregation. The three-dimensional fractal dimension calculated via settling-fractal correlation, U∝l(D) to characterize immobilized granules validates the quantitative measurements used for describing its structural integrity and aggregate complexity. These results suggest that scaling relationships based on fractal geometry are vital for quantifying the effects of different laminar conditions on the aggregates' morphology and characteristics such as density, porosity, and projected surface area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cells, Immobilized/metabolism*
  19. Fulltext The pale and limping child
    S Fadilah SAW, Cheong SK, Shahdan S
    Postgrad Med J, 2000 Nov;76(901):717, 725-6.
    PMID: 11060153 DOI: 10.1136/pmj.76.901.717
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
  20. Fulltext Serum ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase in a case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
    Leong CF, Cheong SK, Hamidah NH, Ainoon O, Kannaheswary Y
    Malays J Pathol, 1998 Dec;20(2):103-8.
    PMID: 10879271
    A 40-day-old baby girl presented with intermittent fever, lymphadenopathy, massive hepatosplenomegaly, progressive pancytopenia and features of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. A bone marrow aspiration was performed and showed florid histiocytic proliferation with marked hemophagocytosis. Based on the diagnostic guideline for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis proposed by the Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Study Group of Histiocyte Society, this patient has fulfilled most of the criteria. We have also found that serum ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase to be very high in this patient. It remains uncertain whether the disorder is reactive or neoplastic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
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