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  1. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Studies for the Inhibition of MAOs
    Ramesh M, Muthuraman A
    Comb Chem High Throughput Screen, 2020;23(9):887-897.
    PMID: 32208114 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200324173231
    Monoamine oxidases are the crucial drug targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders like depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. The enzymes catalyze the oxidative deamination of several monoamine containing neurotransmitters, i.e. serotonin (5-HT), melatonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, phenylethylamine, benzylamine, dopamine, tyramine, etc. The oxidative reaction of monoamine oxidases results in the production of hydrogen peroxide that leads to the neurodegeneration process. Therefore, the inhibition of monoamine oxidases has shown a profound effect against neurodegenerative diseases. At present, the design and development of newer lead molecules for the inhibition of monoamine oxidases are under intensive research in the field of medicinal chemistry. Recently, the advancement in QSAR methodologies has shown considerable interest in the development of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. The present review describes the development of QSAR methodologies, and their role in the design of newer monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It will assist the medicinal chemist in the identification of selective and potent monoamine oxidase inhibitors from various chemical scaffolds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy; Parkinson Disease/drug therapy
  2. Prospective study of brentuximab vedotin in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma patients who are not suitable for stem cell transplant or multi-agent chemotherapy
    Walewski J, Hellmann A, Siritanaratkul N, Ozsan GH, Ozcan M, Chuncharunee S, et al.
    Br J Haematol, 2018 11;183(3):400-410.
    PMID: 30168134 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15539
    Some patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are not considered suitable for stem cell transplant (SCT) and have a poor prognosis. This phase IV study (NCT01990534) evaluated brentuximab vedotin (1·8 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks) in 60 patients (aged ≥18 years) with CD30-positive relapsed/refractory HL, a history of ≥1 prior systemic chemotherapy regimen, who were considered unsuitable for SCT/multi-agent chemotherapy. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) per independent review facility (IRF). Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS) per IRF, overall survival (OS), proportion proceeding to SCT and safety. The ORR was 50%, with 12% CR; 47% proceeded to SCT. Median DOR was 4·6 months and median duration of CR was 6·1 months. After a median follow-up of 6·9 and 16·6 months, median PFS and OS were 4·8 months (95% confidence interval, 3·0-5·3) and not reached, respectively; estimated OS rate was 86% at 12 months. Most common adverse events (≥10%) were peripheral neuropathy (35%), pyrexia (18%), diarrhoea and neutropenia (each 10%). Brentuximab vedotin showed notable activity with a safety profile consistent with known toxicities, and may act as a bridge to SCT, enabling high-risk patients who achieve suboptimal response to frontline/salvage chemotherapy/radiotherapy to receive potentially curative SCT.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy*; Hodgkin Disease/mortality*; Disease-Free Survival
  3. Public Perception About the Zika Virus in Working Professionals: A Qualitative Inquiry
    Choudhry FR, Munawar K, Kassab YW, Bakrin FS, Al-Worafi YM, Khan TM
    Int Q Community Health Educ, 2021 Jan;41(2):199-207.
    PMID: 32249680 DOI: 10.1177/0272684X20916621
    AIMS: The Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network recently warned that the Zika virus-containing mosquitoes are being found in Pakistan and the health sector is on high alert. It is thus significant to understand public beliefs and perceptions of the Zika virus and vaccination in the current scenario of Pakistan.

    METHODS: Twenty semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted and analyzed through an inductive approach to analysis.

    RESULTS: The findings were presented in three main categories which were coded: Reality vs. Conspiracy, Vaccination Concerns, and Public Worries. The majority believed that the Zika virus is a real problem and that authorities might be trying to hide the Zika cases in Pakistan. Moreover, they believed that health organizations are being incompetent by failing to take timely remedial measures to manage the Zika. However, 20% have an opposing view and believed that the Zika virus is a conspiracy against Pakistan from the West.

    CONCLUSION: Overall, most participants were concerned about the lack of treatment and preventive methods and emphasized the need to create awareness among the public. It is observed that the participants' perceptions ranged from perceiving the Zika virus as real to as a conspiracy.

    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  4. Genes associated with amyloid-beta-induced inflammasome-mediated neuronal death identified using functional gene trap mutagenesis approach
    Yap JKY, Pickard BS, Gan SY, Chan EWL
    Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2021 07;136:106014.
    PMID: 34022435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106014
    Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease, which accounts for most dementia cases. Neuroinflammation is increasingly recognised for its roles in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis which, in part, links amyloid-beta to neuronal death. Neuroinflammatory signalling can be exhibited by neurons themselves, potentially leading to widespread neuronal cell death, although neuroinflammation is commonly associated with glial cells. The presence of the inflammasomes such as nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors protein 1 in neurons accelerates amyloid-beta -induced neuroinflammation and has been shown to trigger neuronal pyroptosis in murine Alzheimer's disease models. However, the pathways involved in amyloid-beta activation of inflammasomes have yet to be elucidated. In this study, a gene trap mutagenesis approach was utilised to resolve the genes functionally involved in inflammasome signalling within neurons, and the mechanism behind amyloid-beta-induced neuronal death. The results indicate that amyloid-beta significantly accelerated neuroinflammatory cell death in the presence of a primed inflammasome (the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 1). The mutagenesis screen discovered the atypical mitochondrial Ras homolog family member T1 as a significant contributor to amyloid-beta-induced inflammasome -mediated neuronal death. The mutagenesis screen also identified two genes involved in transforming growth factor beta signalling, namely Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 1 and SNW domain containing 1. Additionally, a gene associated with cytoskeletal reorganisation, SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase Activating Protein 3 was found to be neuroprotective. In conclusion, these genes could play important roles in inflammasome signalling in neurons, which makes them promising therapeutic targets for future drug development against neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease/etiology; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism; Alzheimer Disease/pathology*
  5. Fulltext Animal models of metabolic syndrome: a review
    Wong SK, Chin KY, Suhaimi FH, Fairus A, Ima-Nirwana S
    Nutr Metab (Lond), 2016;13:65.
    PMID: 27708685 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0123-9
    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) consists of several medical conditions that collectively predict the risk for cardiovascular disease better than the sum of individual conditions. The risk of developing MetS in human depends on synergy of both genetic and environmental factors. Being a multifactorial condition with alarming rate of prevalence nowadays, establishment of appropriate experimental animal models mimicking the disease state in humans is crucial in order to solve the difficulties in evaluating the pathophysiology of MetS in human. This review aims to summarize the underlying mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of dietary, genetic, and pharmacological models of MetS. Furthermore, we will discuss the usefulness, suitability, pros and cons of these animal models. Even though numerous animal models of MetS have been established, further investigations on the invention of new animal model and clarification of plausible mechanisms are still necessary to confer a better understanding to researchers on the selection of animal models for their studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Models, Animal
  6. Fulltext Outbreak of pneumonia in an army recruit training centre, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, July-August, 2000
    Mohamed Paid, Y., Muhammad Amir, K., Mustafa Bakri, A., Low, S.H.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2004;4(1):35-0.
    MyJurnal
    An outbreak of pneumonia occurred among 1,491 recruits undergoing training at the Army Recruit Training Center, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembihxn, between july to August 2000. They had reported for training 2 weeks before and were placed in new modern concrete 4 floors buiMing with well ventilated dorm. A total of 70 recruits were ajjfected and one died. The attack rate was 4.7% and the case fatality rate was 1.4%. The outbreak ajfected recruits from all the jive companies; J (21/299,
    30.0%) , G (19/298, 27.1 %), I (14/298, 20.0%), H (13/298, 18.6%) and F (3/298, 4.3%) . The main presenting symptoms were fever (68/70, 97.1%), cough (62/70, 88.6%), and chest pain (35/70, 50 .0%) . This was a common site outbreak with the mode of spread from person to person through infected droplet. The outbreak has three peaks, which was at lst, 4th and 6th week respectively and lasted for eight weeks. The organisms isobted through blood culture were Streptococcal pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. All the cases were managed and treated as in-patients at four dijjferent hospitals depending on the severity of the illness. The main control activities carried out were separation of ill recruits from the healthy, reducing the number of recruits in the dormitories and encourage recruits to drink a lot of water while in training.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  7. Fulltext Amyand’s Hernia: A Diagnostic Dilemma
    Vairavan, N., Rohaizak, M., Hairol, O.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2006;5(1):1-4.
    MyJurnal
    Appendicitis within an Amyand's hernia is rare; when it occurs it is often misdiagnosed as a strangulated inguinal hernia. Management of these cases needs to be individualized according to the presentation. In uncomplicated cases, we recommend concurrent appendectomy and darning repair of the hernia. We present such a case and review the related literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  8. Fulltext Transient abnormal myelopoiesis with life-threatening complications
    Abdul-Wahab, J., Naznin, M, Norlelawati, A.T., Amir Hamzah, A.R.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2006;5(2):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) occurs in approximately 10% of neonates with Down syndrome. In most cases it resolves spontaneously. Life threatening complications such as cardiopulmonary and liver diseases have been described. We present here two cases which suggest that management of TAM in selected cases will have to be more aggressive.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  9. Fulltext Life events and parasuicides in Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Hamidin, A., Maniam, T.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2011;7(2):45-52.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of life events among parasuicide patients
    with the prevalence of similar life events among age, sex and race matched patients with non-chronic
    medical illness. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study using convenience sampling method
    was conducted in Hospital Kuala Lumpur for a period of three and a half months. A total of 50 patients
    admitted consecutively after an episode of parasuicide and who fulfilled criteria for entry into the study
    agreed to participate. For each case one age-, sex- and race-matched control was selected from the list of patients who were admitted to the same hospital for non-chronic medical illness. Result: Statistical analysis showed that compared with medically ill patients, parasuicide patients had significantly higher prevalence of threatening life events six months (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  10. Fulltext The Role of Nerve Exploration in Supracondylar Humerus Fracture in Children with Nerve Injury
    Anuar R, Gooi SG, Zulkiflee O
    Malays Orthop J, 2015 Nov;9(3):71-74.
    PMID: 28611917 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1511.019
    The supracondylar humerus fracture (SCHF) in children is common and can be complicated with nerve injury either primarily immediate post-trauma or secondarily posttreatment. The concept of neurapraxic nerve injury makes most surgeons choose to 'watch and see' the nerve recovery before deciding second surgery if the nerve does not recover. We report three cases of nerve injury in SCHF, all of which underwent nerve exploration for different reasons. Early reduction in the Casualty is important to release the nerve tension before transferring the patient to the operation room. If close reduction fails, we proceed to explore the nerve together with open reduction of the fracture. In iatrogenic nerve injury, we recommend nerve exploration to determine the surgical procedure that is causing the injury. Primary nerve exploration will allow early assessment of the injured nerve and minimize subsequent surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iatrogenic Disease
  11. Fulltext Intestinal obstruction: etiology, correlation between pre-operative and operative diagnosis
    Kadhim Jawad Obaid
    Int J Public Health Res, 2011;1(2):41-49.
    MyJurnal
    A prospective study done In al Zaafaranya General Hospital in Baghdad/Iraq In the period between April 2003 and February 2007. Ninety two patients admitted to the surgical wards diagnosed as Intestinal obstruction. The aim is to find out the possible common conditions resulting in causing this common surgical emergency. Also to compare the provisional clinical diagnosis about ischemic obstruction and the definitive post operative diagnosis. To encourage post graduate students to use their clinical abilities with the few laboratory and radiological facilities available needed to decide about the management of those patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  12. Fulltext Roles of primary care physicians in managing bipolar disorders in adults
    Awaluddin A, Jali N, Bahari R, Jamil Z, Haron N
    Malays Fam Physician, 2015;10(3):27-31.
    PMID: 27570605 MyJurnal
    Management of bipolar disorder (BD) is challenging due to its multiple and complex facets of presentations as well as various levels of interventions. There is also limitation of treatment accessibility especially at the primary care level. Local evidence-based clinical practice guidelines address the importance of integrated care of BD at various levels. Primary care physicians hold pertinent role in maintaining remission and preventing relapse by providing systematic monitoring of people with BD. Pharmacological treatment in particular mood stabilisers remain the most effective management with psychosocial interventions as adjunct. This paper highlights the role of primary care physicians in the management of BD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  13. Malrotated Subhepatic Caecum with Subhepatic Appendicitis: Diagnosis and Management
    Chong HC, Chai FY, Balakrishnan D, Asilah SM, Adila IN, Syibrah KZ
    Case Rep Surg, 2016;2016:6067374.
    PMID: 27648337
    Subhepatically located caecum and appendix is a very rare entity. It occurs due to the anomaly in fetal gut rotation that results in an incomplete rotation and fixation of the intestine. Appendicitis, which is a common surgical emergency, in combination with the abnormal subhepatic location, presents a great challenge in its diagnosis and management. Here, we describe a 42-year-old male with chronic dyspepsia who presented with sepsis and severe pain at his right hypochondriac and epigastric region. The final diagnosis was acute appendicitis of the subhepatic appendix. Our discussion focuses on the diagnostic approach and clinical and surgical management. We hope that our report will increase the awareness among the clinicians and hasten the management of such rare condition to avoid complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Acute Disease
  14. Fulltext Integrated Care Pathway (ICP) on management of Occupational Related Chronic Low Back Pain (OCLBP) in Malaysia: a critical review
    Shahruz Idzwan Azmi, Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh, Noor Hassim Ismail
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2015;15(2):60-68.
    MyJurnal
    Occupational Related Chronic Low Back Pain (OCLBP) is a globally recognized illness that causes reduction in productivity and substantial economic burden to the countries. It requires a multidisclipinary approach involving employer, healthcare provider, compensatory and enforcement agencies. However there is no specific guideline or pathway that has integrated the roles of each responsible agency. The objective of this article is to highlight the need and to propose a coordinated approach through the concept of Integrated Care Pathway (ICP). Therefore, we reviewed international and local guidelines as well as published articles on chronic low back pain and care pathway. We believed that development of a pathway will be able to organize the role of management at every level, reducing the variations in the management, addressing issues of communicating the findings between the responsible stakeholders, fulfilling the requirements as the laws, allows effective and feasible approaches to take place in terms of cost and practicality, and increase the awareness on occupational diseases. Expected challenges such as limitation of resources, unawareness and lack of understanding on OCLBP from every level are issue that we agreed can be bridged through ICP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  15. Fulltext Folie a deux complicate management of a childhood onset schizophrenia
    Seen, Heng Yeoh, Kok, Wei Wee, Maryam Amaran, Hazura Hamzah
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;13(2):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: This case report highlights folie a duex of a caregiver that complicate the management of a case of childhood onset schizophrenia.
    Methods: We report a case of a young Malay girl with symptoms of schizophrenia and her caregiver who share her delusion.
    Result: Folie a duex in the caregiver caused difficulty in the initiation and maintenance of treatment of a child with schizophrenia.
    Conclusion: Treating children with schizophrenia is not easy and could be complicated by the folie a duex in caregiver. Although Child Act 2001 can be applied in order to deliver appropriate treatment to this group of patients, one must be cautious about the implication in therapeutic alliance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  16. Fulltext Burden of Respiratory Disease in Korea: An Observational Study on Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma, COPD, and Rhinosinusitis
    Yoo KH, Ahn HR, Park JK, Kim JW, Nam GH, Hong SK, et al.
    Allergy Asthma Immunol Res, 2016 Nov;8(6):527-34.
    PMID: 27582404 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2016.8.6.527
    PURPOSE: The Asia-Pacific Burden of Respiratory Diseases (APBORD) study is a cross-sectional, observational one which has used a standard protocol to examine the disease and economic burden of allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), and rhinosinusitis across the Asia-Pacific region. Here, we report on symptoms, healthcare resource use, work impairment, and associated costs in Korea.
    METHODS: Consecutive participants aged ≥18 years with a primary diagnosis of asthma, AR, COPD, or rhinosinusitis were enrolled. Participants and their treating physician completed a survey detailing respiratory symptoms, healthcare resource use, and work productivity and activity impairment. Costs included direct medical cost and indirect cost associated with lost work productivity.
    RESULTS: The study enrolled 999 patients. Patients were often diagnosed with multiple respiratory disorders (42.8%), with asthma/AR and AR/rhinosinusitis the most frequently diagnosed combinations. Cough or coughing up phlegm was the primary reason for the medical visit in patients with a primary diagnosis of asthma and COPD, whereas nasal symptoms (watery runny nose, blocked nose, and congestion) were the main reasons in those with AR and rhinosinusitis. The mean annual cost for patients with a respiratory disease was US$8,853 (SD 11,245) per patient. Lost productivity due to presenteeism was the biggest contributor to costs.
    CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory disease has a significant impact on disease burden in Korea. Treatment strategies for preventing lost work productivity could greatly reduce the economic burden of respiratory disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
  17. Natural Polyphenols in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
    Syarifah-Noratiqah SB, Naina-Mohamed I, Zulfarina MS, Qodriyah HMS
    Curr Drug Targets, 2018;19(8):927-937.
    PMID: 28356027 DOI: 10.2174/1389450118666170328122527
    Neurodegenerative disease is an incurable disease which involves the degeneration or death of the nerve cells. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease discovered in 1906 by Alois Alzheimer, a German clinical psychiatrist and neuroanatomist. The main pathological hallmarks of this disease are the formation of extracellular amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangle (NFT). The accumulation of the amyloid protein aggregates in the brain of AD patients leads to oxidative stress and inflammation. Other postulated reasons for the development of this disease are cholinergic depletion and excessive glutamatergic neurotransmission. The current drugs approved and marketed for the treatment of AD are cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. The function of ChEIs is to avoid cholinergic depletion; whereas the function of NMDA receptor antagonist is to block excessive glutamatergic neurotransmission. Unfortunately, the current drugs prescribed for AD show only modest improvement in terms of symptomatic relief and delay the progression of the disease. This review will discuss about several polyphenolic compounds as potential natural treatment options for AD. Three compounds are highlighted in this review - Curcumin (Cur), Resveratrol (Rsv) and Epigallocatechin-3- gallate (EGCG). These compounds have huge potential for AD treatment, especially due to their low frequency of adverse events. However, the current conventional pharmaceutical drugs remain as the mainstay of treatment for AD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy*; Alzheimer Disease/physiopathology; Disease Progression
  18. Fulltext Rivastigmine: the advantages of dual inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase and its role in subcortical vascular dementia and Parkinson's disease dementia
    Kandiah N, Pai MC, Senanarong V, Looi I, Ampil E, Park KW, et al.
    Clin Interv Aging, 2017;12:697-707.
    PMID: 28458525 DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S129145
    Several studies have demonstrated clinical benefits of sustained cholinesterase inhibition with rivastigmine in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). Unlike donepezil and galantamine that selectively inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7), rivastigmine is a unique cholinesterase inhibitor with both AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; EC 3.1.1.8) inhibitory activity. Rivastigmine is also available as transdermal patch that has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of mild, moderate, and severe AD as well as mild-to-moderate PDD. In this review, we explore the role of BuChE inhibition in addition to AChE inhibition with rivastigmine in the outcomes of cognition, global function, behavioral symptoms, and activities of daily living. Additionally, we review the evidence supporting the use of dual AChE-BuChE inhibitory activity of rivastigmine as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of neurological disorders, with a focus on the role of rivastigmine in subcortical dementias such as vascular dementia (VaD) and PDD. Toward this objective, we performed a literature search in PubMed and Ovid with limits to articles published in the English language before June 2016. The available evidence from the literature suggests that the dual inhibition of AChE and BuChE may afford additional therapeutic potential of rivastigmine in subcortical dementias (subcortical VaD and PDD) with benefits on cognition and behavioral symptoms. Rivastigmine was found to specifically benefit executive dysfunction frequently observed in subcortical dementias; however, large randomized clinical studies are warranted to support these observations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy; Parkinson Disease/drug therapy
  19. Fulltext Extrapelvic Endometriosis: A report of two cases
    Nor Azlin, M.I., Amelia, A.Z., Zainul Rashid, M.R.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2006;5(1):1-4.
    MyJurnal
    Extrapelvic endometriosis is fairly rare and may occur in numerous sites throughout the body. Unnecessary investigation may be performed before the diagnosis could be made. Here we present two cases where endometriotic nodules occurred on a caesarean section scar and in the vagina. Further management is discussed in the report.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  20. Fulltext Hospital-based pulmonary rehabilitation program is more effective than home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in improving the quality of life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. [Program rehabilitasi pulmonari di hospital lebih berkesan daripada program rehabilitasi pulmonari di rumah dalam meningkatkan kualiti hidup pesakit obstruksi pulmonari kronik (COPD)]
    Ayiesah Ramli, Nor Azlin Mohd Nordin, Asfarina Zanudin, Wong, Judy
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2009;7(2):47-58.
    MyJurnal
    This study identified the effectiveness between home-based and hospital-based pulmonary rehabilitation program on the quality of life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Thirty five patients who met the inclusion criteria were referred by physicians and randomized to either hospital-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PRPH) or home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PRPR). The PRPH program was scheduled twice a week for eight weeks at the Physiotherapy Department, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). Whilst, the PRPR group was required to attend sessions at the Physiotherapy Department twice to learn the exercise regimens before carrying out the exercises themselves at home. Subjects were asked to record activitites in a diary and a telephone call was made once every two weeks to ensure compliance towards the exercise regimens. The SF-36 questionnaire and Geriatric Depression Scale were outcome measures used in assessing status of patients prior to treatment and after intervention at the 8th week Seventeen (48.6%) subjects completed the PRPH and 15 (43%), the PRPR. Results indicated that in the PRPH group there were significant improvements in some of the domains of SF-36, i.e., role physical (p = 0.012) body pain (p = 0.040), general health (p = 0.008) and role emotional (p = 0.012). In the PRPR group, the Geriatric Depression Scale mean score was 1.8 ± 0.41 at baseline compared to 1.69 ± 0.48 following intervention (p > 0.05). Whilst, among the PRPH group, the mean was 1.87 ± 0.35 at baseline and 1.53 ± 0.52 after eight week (p < 0.05). In conclusion, hospital-based pulmonary rehabilitation is more effective than the home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in improving the quality of life and reducing depression among patients with COPD.
    Keywords: Home Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program (PRPR); Hospital based Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program (PRPH); COPD; Quality of life (QOL).
    Matched MeSH terms: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
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