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  1. The study of clinical characteristics of gout patients on follow up in Rheumatology Clinic, Hospital Seremban. [Abstract]
    Mohd A, Gun SC, Das Gupta E, De'Souza B
    APLAR Journal of Rheumatology, 2006;9 Suppl 1:A89.
    Objective: To determine the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of the patients with gout, on follow up in Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital Seremban.
    Methods: This was a retrospective study. Case notes of all our existing gout patients were reviewed, and data on demography, clinical features, associated conditions, and laboratory findings were noted.
    Results: 54 patients were studied, 48 (89%) were male and 6 (11%) were female at the ratio of M : F = 8:1, 30 (57%) of them had the onset of symptoms at their 3rd and 4th decades of life. The majority were the Malays 39 (72%), followed by the Indians 11 (20%) and the Chinese 4 (8%). Commonly associated conditions were hypertension in 37 (68.5%), obesity (BMI of 30 and above) in 36 (66.7%) and hyperlipidaemia in 36 (66.7%) of them. Mixed hyperlipidaemia (High TG and LDL cholesterol) were found in 19 (53%). Underlying history of diabetes mellitus 7 (13%), alcohol consumption 8 (15%), smoking habits 22 (40%) and family history of gout 18 (33%). Half of our patients 27 (50%) had at least 2 or more joints involvement. 28 (52%) of them had tophaceous gout. Among those with tophaceous gout, 18 (64%) had renal impairment with serum creatinine of .150mmol/l. 6 (31.5%) of the patients with renal impairment found to have renal calculi on ultrasonography.
    Conclusion: There was male predominance in our group of patients which was consistent with other reported epidemiological studies. Hypertension, mixed hyperlipidaemia and obesity were common associated conditions while diabetes mellitus, smoking and family history of gout were not. The majority of gout patients in our clinic were Malays and due to religious reasons, alcohol was not a common associated factor. Half of our patients had multiple joints involvement and more than half also had tophaceous gout. There was high incidence of renal impairment seen in patients with tophaceous gout. These could be due to delay in seeking medical treatment, present of renal calculi and possibly contributed by associated hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  2. Fulltext Polyphenols as Prebiotics in the Management of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies
    Moorthy M, Sundralingam U, Palanisamy UD
    Foods, 2021 Feb 02;10(2).
    PMID: 33540692 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020299
    Obesity is a disease growing at an alarming rate and numerous preclinical studies have proven the role of polyphenols in managing this disease. This systematic review explores the prebiotic effect of polyphenols in the management of obesity among animals fed on a high-fat diet. A literature search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase databases following the PRISMA guidelines. Forty-four studies reported a significant reduction in obesity-related parameters. Most notably, 83% of the studies showed a decrease in either body weight/visceral adiposity/plasma triacylglyceride. Furthermore, 42 studies reported a significant improvement in gut microbiota (GM), significantly affecting the genera Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Blautia, Roseburia, Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, Alistipes, and Desulfovibrio. Polyphenols' anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory properties were associated with their ability to modulate GM. This review supports the notion of polyphenols as effective prebiotics in ameliorating HFD-induced metabolic derangements in animal models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  3. Fulltext Ultra-processed food consumption in relation to BMI and body fat percentage of adults in Terengganu
    Asma’ Ali, Nurul Atiqah Khasbullah, Fauziah Tufail Ahmad, Hayati Mohd Yusof
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(1):37-43.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: There is an emergent increase of ultra-processed food consumption in developing countries including Malaysia which carries a likelihood towards the increase of obesity. However, few studies have been done in relating between ultra-processed consumption and obesity, especially in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its relationship with BMI and body fat percentage among university committee in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 167 individuals aged 18 to 59 years old in Kuala Nerus. Data were collected using a researcher-administered questionnaire which consisted of three different sections: socio-demographic profile, two days 24-hour dietary recall, and nutritional status assessment on BMI and body fat percentage. Consumption of ultra-processed foods were determined by classifying two days 24-hour dietary recall based on ultra-processed food classification. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 with p
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  4. Fulltext Self-nanoemulsifying Delivery of Andrographolide: Ameliorating Islet Beta Cells and Inhibiting Adipocyte Differentiation
    Syukri Y, Taher M, Martien R, Lukitaningsih E, Nugroho AE, Zakaria ZA
    Adv Pharm Bull, 2021 Jan;11(1):171-180.
    PMID: 33747864 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.018
    Purpose:
    Insulin resistance is a characteristic of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with obesity and caused by the failure of pancreatic beta cells to secrete sufficient amount of insulin. Andrographolide (AND) improves beta-cell reconstruction and inhibits fat-cell formation. This research aimed to improve the delivery of water-insoluble AND in self-nanoemulsifying (ASNE) formulation, tested in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells.
    Methods:
    A conventional formulation of AND in suspension was used as a control. The experimental rats were orally administered with self-nanoemulsifying (SNE) and suspension of AND for 8 days. Measurements were performed to evaluate blood glucose levels in preprandial and postprandial conditions. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the process of islet beta cell reconstruction. In vitro study was performed using cell viability and adipocyte differentiation assay to determine the delivery of AND in the formulation.
    Results:
    ASNE lowered blood glucose levels (day 4) faster than AND suspension (day 6). The histological testing showed that ASNE could regenerate pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, ASNE ameliorated pancreatic beta cells. The in vitro evaluation indicated the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation by both AND and ASNE, which occurred in a time-dependent manner. ASNE formulation had better delivery than AND.
    Conclusion:
    ASNE could improve the antidiabetic activity by lowering blood glucose levels, enhancing pancreatic beta cells, and inhibiting lipid formation in adipocyte cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  5. Fulltext Prevalence of obesity and correlated hypertension and hyperglycaemia status among participants of a health screening programme in inanam sub-district, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
    Khairul Anwar Zarkasi, Vennila Gopal, Sadia Choudhury Shimmi, Anne Lolita Miranda, Wan Salman Wan Saudi, Caroline Sunggip, et al.
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;14(1):19-27.
    MyJurnal
    Obesity is a known risk factor for non-communicable diseases, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, with Malaysia having the highest prevalence of obesity among Southeast Asian countries. Additionally, the delivery of medical services to the rural communities remains challenging despite efforts to increase accessibilities to the healthcare facilities. Therefore, regular health screening programmes specifically aiming at these communities are necessary for early diagnosis and intervention to prevent complications while improving the patients’ quality of life. A health screening programme was conducted in a sub-district of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, where 50 participants were examined for general obesity based on body mass index (BMI) together with central obesity according to waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed to estimate body fat percentage (fat%) and body fat mass, along with the measurement of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and capillary blood glucose. The median age of the participants was 39.50 years. The prevalence of general obesity, central obesity based on WC and WHR, hypertension, and hyperglycaemia was 28%, 78%, 74%, 24%, and 20%, respectively. Both fat% and fat mass had positive correlations to the BMI (fat%: r = 0.656, p = 0.001; fat mass: r = 0.868, p = 0.001) and WC (fat%: r = 0.505, p = 0.001; fat mass: r = 0.761, p = 0.001). DBP had positive correlations with the BMI (r = 0.390, p = 0.005), WC (r = 0.467, p = 0.001), and WHR (r = 0.331, p = 0.019), while SBP had a positive correlation only with WC (r = 0.341, p = 0.015). Conversely, capillary blood glucose had no significant correlation with either BMI, WC, or WHR. The higher prevalence of central obesity among participants of the health screening program compared to the national level should raise concern among the healthcare providers regarding the future risk for hypertension and hyperglycaemia in this community
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  6. Fulltext Acute moderate and high-intensity endurance exercise suppresses ad-libitum energy intake in obese males
    Linoby, Adam, Muhammad Alif Nazrin Jumat, Ahmad Safwanudin Nordin, Nur Hidayah Asilah Za’don, Jamiaton Kusrin, Sharifah Maimunah Syed Mud Puad
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2020;28(1):279-292.
    MyJurnal
    High-intensity exercise acutely improves suppression of appetite in populations with normal body mass index (BMI). However, whether moderate intensity exercise (MIE) and high-intensity exercise (HIE) can elicit similar (or greater) appetite suppression effects for obese populations are still relatively unknown. The main aim is to investigate the acute effects of MIE and HIE on the appetite score, eating behaviour and blood glucose regulation among the obese population. Twelve obese participants (age: 20.8 ± 1 yr, BMI: 34.1 ± 3 kg·m-2, V̇o2max: 30.7 ± 3 ml·kg·min-1) were randomly allocated, in a crossover manner, with a 7-day interval in between (1) MIE (cycling at 60-75% HRmax), (2) HIE (cycling at 80-95% HRmax, 8-sec sprint x 12 sec rest) and (3) control (CON) condition after a 10-hr overnight fast. Physiological (fasting blood [glucose] and 24-hr calorie intake) and psychological responses (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18, TFEQ-R18, and appetite score using Visual Analog Scale, VAS) were recorded prior to and after exercise interventions. Both MIE and HIE significantly reduced the calorie intake compared to CON (P0.05). A difference was found in fasting blood [glucose] level between trials in MIE (P0.05). In response to acute intervention, both MIE and HIE improved some psychological appetite score and attenuated daily energy consumption; these positive effects could benefit obese and diabetic populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  7. Fulltext Food label reading and understanding among obese adults: a population study in Malaysia
    Rashidah Ambak, Balkish Mahadir Naidu, Mohd Azahadi Omar, Nor Azian Mohd Zaki, Syafinaz Mohd Sallehuddin, Tahir Aris
    Int J Public Health Res, 2014;4(2):449-456.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction Food labeling regulation has been implemented to enable consumers, including those with chronic diseases to make healthy informed choices before purchasing pre-packaged foods. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of obese adults in Malaysia who practice reading food labels. It explored types of labels read and understanding of the information.
    Methods Findings presented in this study were captured from the secondary analysis of National Health and Morbidity Survey’s (NHMS, 2006) food label study which focused only on obese adults (BMI > 30 kg/m2) aged 18 and above. This nation-wide cross sectional study was conducted from April to August 2006 using an interview-based questionnaire. Complex data analysis was done using Stata version 12.0.
    Results There were 4565 obese respondents with the mean age of 33 ± 9.7 (18-60 years old). About 54.7% completed high-school and 9.9% were higher degree
    holders. Prevalence of obese adults who claimed to read label was 80.5% (95%CI: 79.3, 81.6). Findings showed significant results in reading and understanding labels among all age group categories, Malay, Indian and other Bumiputras, all education categories and married respondents. Expiry date was the highest percentage being read (74.5%), followed by fat content (15.3%), vitamin (11.8%) and carbohydrate (10.9%).
    Conclusions The obese population in Malaysia claimed to read and understand the food label but did not focus on specific macronutrients related to their health
    condition. Findings can be used to implement effective education programmes targeting the relevant groups to instill an awareness to read, understand and use the label information as one of the means in combating obesity.
    Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-2006)
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  8. Fulltext Determination of Cutoff Values for the Screening of Osteosarcopenia in Obese Postmenopausal Women
    Abidin NZ, Mitra SR
    Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res, 2021;2021:6634474.
    PMID: 33790963 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6634474
    Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) describes the concurrent presence of obesity, low bone mass, and low muscle mass in an individual. Currently, no established criteria exist to diagnose OSO. We hypothesized that obese individuals require different cut-points from standard cut-points to define low bone mass and low muscle mass due to their higher weight load. In this study, we determined cutoff values for the screening of osteosarcopenia (OS) in obese postmenopausal Malaysian women based on the measurements of quantitative ultrasound (QUS), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and functional performance test. Then, we compared the cutoff values derived by 3 different statistical modeling methods, (1) receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, (2) lowest quintile of the study population, and (3) 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean value of a young reference group, and discussed the most suitable method to screen for the presence of OS in obese population. One hundred and forty-one (n = 141) postmenopausal Malaysian women participated in the study. Bone density was assessed using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Handgrip strength was assessed using a handgrip dynamometer, and physical performance was assessed using a modified Short Physical Performance Battery test. ROC curve was determined to be the most suitable statistical modeling method to derive the cutoffs for the presence of OS in obese population. From the ROC curve method, the final model to estimate the probability of OS in obese postmenopausal women is comprised of five variables: handgrip strength (HGS, with area under the curve (AUC) = 0.698 and threshold ≤ 16.5 kg), skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI, AUC = 0.966 and threshold ≤ 8.2 kg/m2), fat-free mass index (FFMI, AUC = 0.946 and threshold ≤ 15.2 kg/m2), broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA, AUC = 0.987 and threshold ≤ 52.85 dB/MHz), and speed of sound (SOS, AUC = 0.991 and threshold ≤ 1492.15 m/s). Portable equipment may be used to screen for OS in obese women. Early identification of OS can help lower the risk of advanced functional impairment that can lead to physical disability in obese postmenopausal women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  9. Fulltext Traditional and Novel Adiposity Indicators and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: Findings from the UK Women's Cohort Study
    Shyam S, Greenwood D, Mai CW, Tan SS, Mohd Yusof BN, Moy FM, et al.
    Cancers (Basel), 2021 Mar 02;13(5).
    PMID: 33801191 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051036
    (1) Background: We studied the association of both conventional (BMI, waist and hip circumference and waist-hip ratio) and novel (UK clothing sizes) obesity indices with pancreatic cancer risk in the UK women's cohort study (UKWCS). (2) Methods: The UKWCS recruited 35,792 women from England, Wales and Scotland from 1995 to 1998. Cancer diagnosis and death information were obtained from the National Health Service (NHS) Central Register. Cox's proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the association between baseline obesity indicators and pancreatic cancer risk. (3) Results: This analysis included 35,364 participants with a median follow-up of 19.3 years. During the 654,566 person-years follow up, there were 136 incident pancreatic cancer cases. After adjustments for age, smoking, education and physical activity, each centimetre increase in hip circumference (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05, p = 0.009) and each size increase in skirt size (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.23, p = 0.041) at baseline increased pancreatic cancer risk. Baseline BMI became a significant predictor of pancreatic cancer risk (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08, p = 0.050) when latent pancreatic cancer cases were removed. Only baseline hip circumference was associated with pancreatic cancer risk (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.05, p = 0.017) when participants with diabetes at baseline were excluded to control for reverse causality. (4) Conclusion: Hip circumference and skirt size were significant predictors of pancreatic cancer risk in the primary analysis. Thus, hip circumference is useful to assess body shape relationships. Additionally, standard skirt sizes offer an economical and objective alternative to conventional obesity indices for evaluating pancreatic cancer risk in women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  10. Fulltext Obesity and weight reduction: a review on the latest weight reduction strategies
    Abraham Chin Zefong, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Mohd Yusof Ibrahim
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):77-77.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction:Obesity prevalence in Malaysian adults aged 18 and above has more than tripled over the past 20 years with 4.5% in 1996 to 17.7% in 2015. The alarming trend of the obesity epidemic in Malaysia requires im-mediate revision of public health policies. Thus this review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of latest weight reduction strategies. Methods: Literature search was conducted as guided by PICO Framework and using online databases PubMed on 22 June 2018. A total of 2,203 articles were found and screened. A total of 26 articles were reviewed. Results: Most weight loss achieved is through surgical intervention with weight reduction of 20.8 kg compared to 8.5 kg reduction in control group (95% CI, p < 0.001). Non-invasive procedures that produced greatest weight reduction include diet modification strategy consisting of isocaloric diet with large breakfast (700 kcal) which produced weight reduction of 8.7 ± 1.4 kg compared to large dinner (700 kcal) 3.6 ± 1.5 kg (95% CI, p < 0.0001, and special diet of adding 3g/day cumin supplementation into normal diet which produced weight reduction of 6.2 kg compared to 4.19 kg reduction in control group (95% CI, p < 0.05. Conclusion: In this review, most weight loss is achieved through surgical intervention. All patients should receive lifestyle therapy and additional consideration should be given for pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery when indicated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  11. Fulltext A case report: Community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa necrotizing fasciitis in a morbidly obese diabetic young man can be fatal
    Mazlan MZ, Zainal Abidin H, Wan Hassan WMN, Nik Mohamad NA, Salmuna ZN, Ibrahim K, et al.
    IDCases, 2020;22:e01001.
    PMID: 33204633 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e01001
    We present a case study of a 26-year-old morbidly obese man with a three-day history of right leg pain and swelling. The swelling was associated with low grade fever. He was alert and conscious upon presentation to the hospital. His physical examination showed gross swelling of the entire right lower limb with no systemic manifestations. There was no discharge and bullae from the swelling area of the leg. He had high blood sugar and was newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. He was diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis. An intravenous imipenem-cilastatin 500 mg every 6 h together with clindamycin 900 mg every 8 h was started empirically. Extensive wound debridement was performed. The swab culture obtained intraoperatively grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. He required an above knee amputation due to worsening infection despite wound debridement. Post-operatively, he developed acute kidney injury with severe metabolic acidosis, which required daily hemodialysis. However, the patient deteriorated due to septic shock with multi-organ failure, resulting in his death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity, Morbid
  12. Bodyweight status misperception among reproductive-aged women in primary care settings
    Sahiran MF, Lee PY, Mawardi M, Mohd Azizi F
    Malays Fam Physician, 2020;15(3):62-73.
    PMID: 33329864
    Introduction: It is common, and many international and local studies confirm this, that women of reproductive age misperceive their body-weight status. This phenomenon can lead to their being less likely to adopt a healthy lifestyle which later exposes them to increased health problems and risks including those of a gynecological and obstetric nature. Generally, there have been inconsistent findings concerning the association between the self-perceived weight status and sociodemographic factors, physical activities, and previous weight loss attempts of women of reproductive age in an Asian population like Malaysia.

    Objective: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with body weight status misperception among reproductive-aged women at a primary care setting in Malaysia.

    Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Klinik Kesihatan Durian Tunggal in 2016-2017. The questionnaire included questions on the perception of weight status, sociodemographic factors, smoking status, level of physical activity, and weight loss attempts. Logistic regressions were used for statistical analysis to examine the association between body weight status misperception and related factors.

    Results: The study recruited 630 reproductive-aged women. The mean age and SD of the respondents was 32.7 + 8.9 years, and 84% of the respondents were Malays. More than three-quarters of the respondents (75.5%, n = 476) had received up to a secondary level of education. The majority of the respondents were in the overweight/obese group (59.4%, n = 374). The mean BMI of the respondents was 27.1 kg/m2 + 6.61. Approximately 65.4% (n = 412) of the respondents had an inactive lifestyle. However, 60% (n = 378) of the respondents reported that they had attempted to reduce their weight in the last year. A total of 141 respondents (22.4%) misperceived their weight status with 113 (80.1% ) of them underestimating their weight status. Women with primary-level education (OR: 3.545, 95% CI: 1.530-8.215, p = 0.003) and secondary-level education (OR: 1.933, 95% CI: 1.065-3.510, p = 0.030) had a greater likelihood of misperceiving their body weight status as compared to those who have a tertiary level of education. Women with no weight loss attempts were also at risk of body weight status misperception (OR: 1.850, 95% CI: 1.195, 2.865, p = 0.006).

    Conclusion: Bodyweight status misperception among reproductive-aged women was associated with a low level of education and with those who had made no weight loss attempts. Identifying women who are at risk of misperceiving their weight status would enable early counseling on weight management.

    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  13. Fulltext The association between body weight status, sodium intake and blood pressure with intraocular pressure among orang asli adolescents in Semenyih, Selangor
    Nurulain Asri, Tasneem Shaari, Mohd Zaki Awg Isa
    Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2020;2(1):48-56.
    MyJurnal
    Abnormal intraocular pressure (IOP) if left untreated it can lead to glaucoma and permanent vision loss. However, the correlation between IOP and body weight status, sodium intake, and blood pressure (BP) are unclear among adolescents. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between body weight status, sodium intake, and BP with IOP among orang Asli adolescents. A total sample of 50 adolescents of Orang Asli aged 13 to 17 participated in this study. Three days' dietary intake was recorded through 24-hour diet recall to determine the sodium intake. The questionnaire was administered to acquire socio-demographic information, and measurements Body Mass Index (BMI) and BP were done according to standard protocols, and IOP was measured using Tonopen. Data obtained involving 40% boys and 60% girls. Two boys (4%) were underweight, 13 boys (26%) and 17 (34%) girls were normal weight, 4 (8%) boys and 11 (22%) girls were overweight, 1 (2%) boy and 2 (4%) girls were obese. Sixty percent of subjects have exceeded the Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (LOAEL) of 2300 mg of sodium intake. Hypertension stage 1 was found higher than hypertension stage 2 in male and female subjects, with 38% of the female have stage 1 hypertension compared to only 14% in male subjects. 98% of subjects have normal IOP and only 2% of subjects have high IOP. There was a significant association between BMI and IOP (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  14. Fulltext Prevalence of obesity with the basic health consequences among the preclinical medical students in Universiti Malaysia Sabah
    Shaila Kabir, Sadia Choudhury Shimm, M. Tanveer Hossain Parash, Mya Sanda Khaing, A. B. M. Tofazzal Hossain
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):69-69.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction:Obesity or overweight and its consequences are important public health problems globally resulting in a significant cause of morbidity such as hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, hypercholesterolaemia, coronary artery disease, stroke, sleep apnoea, cancers and mortality which also render distressing financial burden on everyone. It is imperative to intervene in momentous strategies for early detection to prevent the weight-related epidemic. Methods:It was a health survey conducted in June 2019 to detect the prevalence of obesity and overweight problems and the resultant detrimental health conditions among the year 1 and year 2 medical students of the University Malaysia Sa-bah. The survey was done on 145 students aged between 19-23 years. The height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure and capillary random blood glucose were measured. Pearson correlation and Chi-square tests were done to find an association between BMI and probable factors using SPSS. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 8.2%. High blood pressure was recorded in 23.45% participants where both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was high in 18.6%, only systolic blood pressure was high in 37.2% and only diastolic blood pressure was high in 28.3% among 145 students. There was no impaired glucose tolerance among the participants. There was a positive correlation between BMI and systolic (r=0.518, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  15. Fulltext Obesity intervention among community in Taman Impian Ehsan, Hulu Langat, Selangor
    Zailiza Suli, Nur Zawani Jalaluddin, Hazariah Abdul Halim
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(104):95-95.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Obesity is a major public health concern worldwide. The increasing prevalence of obesity in all ages can cause chronic illnesses, such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is generally used to classify an adult population as underweight (BMI =25.0 kgm-2) or obese (BMI >=30.0 kgm-2). The normal BMI range lies between 18.5 and 24.99 kgm-2. Physical activity is an important component of lifestyle interventions for weight loss and the prevention of weight regain. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of physical activity in reducing the obesity among the selected participants in Taman Impian Ehsan, Hulu Langat. Methods: This study was a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The physical activity program took place three times a week for six months started from June to December 2018 which is a part of KOSPEN activity. Results: Thirty participants were recruited in the program. For pre- intervention study, 4 participants have normal body weight (BMI 18.5-24.99), 12 participants were overweight (BMI 26.0 to 30.0kgm-2) and 14 participants were obese (BMI > =30.0 kgm-2). Twenty six of participants were retained in the program while the rest quitted. Post-intervention study shows that seven participants have normal BMI, 10 partici-pants were still overweight and nine participants still categorized as obese. Post-intervention study showed that 17 participants managed to lose weight with minimum of 1.2 kg and maximum of 22.6 kg. The average reduction of the body weight was 5%. Conclusion: Physical activity is one of most feasible approach that can assist communities in developing healthy behaviours that promote weight loss and maintain ideal body weight.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  16. Fulltext Nutritional management of the critically ill obese patient
    Mohd Basri Mat-Nor, Noor Airini Ibrahim, Fa’iza Abdullah
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(2):143-148.
    MyJurnal
    Over the last decade, Malaysia has witnessed a steady rise in obesity rate. The overweight and obese now comprise of half its 30 million population. This figure is broken down into 30 percent in the overweight category and 17.7 percent in the obese category, according to the 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey.1 This is an increase of four times from what was reported in 1996, at 4.4 percent.2 World Health Organization (WHO) definition of obesity is body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared.3 As the general population get heavier, the average BMI of ICU admissions have also increased. From the International Nutrition Survey (INS) 2014, the average BMI of critically ill patients admitted to Serdang Hospital was 26 kg/m2 higher than the Asian average at 23.6 kg/m2 . 4 Being obese puts the patients at a greater risk of heart disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, sleep apnoea, fatty liver disease, osteoarthritis, and many other serious medical conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  17. Fulltext Determinants of metabolic syndrome among Malaysian government employees
    Chee, Huei Phing, Hazizi Abu Saad, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof, Mohd Nasir Mohd Taib
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(1):87-92.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The metabolic syndrome comprises a collection of cardiovascular disease risks, which has been demonstrated to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome is a crucial health concern in Malaysia, with a prevalence of about 42.5% in the general population based on the ‘Harmonized’ definition. The aim of this study was to ascertain the association between socioeconomic status among Malaysian government employees with metabolic syndrome, compared with those without metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, this study also aimed to ascertain the associated obesity indicators for metabolic syndrome among employees—explicitly body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, fat mass index, and waist-to-height ratio. Methods: This cross-sectional study was
    undertaken at government agencies in Putrajaya, Malaysia, via multi-stage random sampling. A total of 675 government employees were randomly sampled from a list of 3,173 government employees working in five government agencies under five geographical areas. Data on socioeconomic status, anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical assessments were collected. Results: Employees who were males had higher metabolic syndrome prevalence compared to their counterparts (p=0.019). In addition, employees aged between 20 to younger than 30 years had lowest metabolic syndrome prevalence (p=0.002). The risk of having metabolic syndrome was almost 10 times more likely in men with a waist-to-hip ratio of ≥0.90 compared to men with a waist-to-hip ratio of
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  18. Fulltext Prevalence and modifiable risk factors of noncommunicable diseases among Jakun orang asli at Tasik Chini, Pekan, Pahang
    Wong, C.M., Faiz D., Diana Safraa S., Raja Mohd Azim R.H., Siti Zubaidah A.R.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(3):3-16.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Non-communicable disease accounted for 73% of premature death in year 2015 Malaysian national survey. The orang asli population may be affected similarly. The prevention of non-communicable diseases should start as early as modifiable risk factors prevention, as proposed by STEPWISE approach of WHO. This study aims to identify the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia among Jakun orang asli population and examine the association with risk factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study analysing 72 case reports of General health screening done in year 2015. The study population was adult Jakun orang asli Tasik Chini using cluster sampling followed by simple random sampling methods. Chi Square test was used for bivariate analysis of relationship each variable has with the diseases, and binary logistic regression was used to analyse association of covariates with each disease. Results: The prevalence was 41.7% for hypertension, 25% for Diabetes mellitus, 6.9% for dyslipidaemia. Education level was significantly related to hypertension, X2 = 11.565 (1), p =0.001; obesity was significantly related to diabetes, X 2 = 8.333 (1), p=0.004. After adjusted for covariates, low education level has 13.379 odds of getting hypertension. Obesity has 7.384 odds of getting diabetes mellitus; female gender has higher odds of getting dyslipidaemia while younger age, physically active and not smoking are protective factors. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus was found among Tasik Chini orang asli population. Lower sociodemographic characteristics and unhealthy lifestyle factors are associated with the diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  19. Fulltext Efficacy of choline and DHA supplements or enriched environment exposure during early adult obesity in mitigating its adverse impact through aging in rats
    Prabhu GS, Prasad K, K G MR, Rai KS
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2021 Apr;28(4):2396-2407.
    PMID: 33911955 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.037
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of choline and DHA or exposure to environmental enrichment in obese adult and aging rats on alterations in body mass index, serum lipid profile and arterial wall changes, despite stopping high fat diet consumption and interventions during adulthood.

    Methods: 21 day old male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned as Experiment-1 & 2 - PND rats were divided into 4 groups with interventions for 7 months (n = 8/group). NC- Normal control fed normal chow diet; OB- Obese group, fed high fat diet; OB + CHO + DHA- fed high fat diet and oral supplementation of choline, DHA. OB + EE- fed high fat diet along with exposure to enriched environment .Experiment-2 had similar groups and interventions as experiment 1 but for next 5 months were fed normal chow diet without any interventions. Body mass index was assessed and blood was analyzed for serum lipid profile. Common Carotid Artery (CCA) was processed for Haematoxylin and eosin, Verhoff Vangeison stains. Images of tissue sections were analyzed and quantified using image J and tissue quant software.

    Results: In experiment.1, mean body mass index (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
  20. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP): Its relationship with metabolic syndrome and Framingham Risk Score
    Zahari Sham SY, Hanif E, Thambiah SC, Samsudin IN, Mohd Noor S, Osman M, et al.
    Malays J Pathol, 2021 04;43(1):33-40.
    PMID: 33903303
    INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in Malaysia. Identification of asymptomatic at-risk individuals is often achieved by means of a risk prediction algorithm. Traditional CVD risk factors and their associated algorithms are, however, limited by residual CVD risk. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has emerged as a novel CVD risk factor. This study aimed to evaluate hsCRP as an adjunct CVD risk marker among the adult Malaysian population by determining its correlation with the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Comparison analyses were done according to sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory factors and between subjects with and without Metabolic Syndrome (MetS).

    METHOD: This cross-sectional study involved eighty-three (n=83) adults attending a health screening program at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Demographic data, anthropometric measurements and blood samples for fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting lipid profile (FSL), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and hsCRP were taken. Respondents were grouped according to FRS and the Joint Interim Statement into 10-year CVD risk categories (low, intermediate and high) and MetS, respectively.

    RESULTS: hsCRP was significantly increased in patients with high body mass index (BMI) (p=0.001), at-risk waist circumference (WC) (p=0.001) and MetS (p=0.009). Spearman's correlation coefficient showed a significant positive correlation between hsCRP level and total FRS score (r=0.26, p<0.05) and HDL-C score (r=0.22, p<0.05).

    CONCLUSION: The significant difference of hsCRP levels across obesity levels and MetS with its modest correlation with FRS scores supported the adjunctive role of hsCRP in CVD risk prediction, most likely capturing the inflammatory pathological aspect and thus partly accounting for the residual CVD risk.

    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity
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