Displaying publications 921 - 940 of 1383 in total

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  1. Colonoscopy in elderly Asians: a prospective evaluation in routine clinical practice
    Ma WT, Mahadeva S, Kunanayagam S, Poi PJ, Goh KL
    J Dig Dis, 2007 May;8(2):77-81.
    PMID: 17532819
    Colonoscopy is believed to be more complicated in elderly patients in Western countries. It is uncertain if the situation holds true among Asians. This study is to determine differences in colonoscopy performance and sedation complications between patients aged<65 years and those>or=65 years of age in an Asian population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  2. Fulltext Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhydrosis in a Malaysian family: a genetic analysis
    Shalimar A, Sharaf I, Farah Wahida I, Ruszymah BH
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2007 Dec;15(3):357-60.
    PMID: 18162686 DOI: 10.1177/230949900701500323
    A Malaysian family with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhydrosis was diagnosed based on clinical symptoms of chronic ulcers, joint deformities, malunited fractures, anhydrosis, and learning disabilities. We detected a compound heterozygous mutation in exon 16: V709L from the mother and G718S from the father. Two novel mutations were identified: at amino acid 709, a change of G to C at nucleotide 2209 (approximately 2209G to C) causing a valine to leucine substitution (V709L), and at amino acid 718, a change of G to A at nucleotide 2236 (approximately 2236G to A) causing a glycine to serine substitution (G718S). Polymorphisms identified were at nucleotides approximately 2113G to C and approximately 2176T to C.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  3. DYT1 mutations amongst adult primary dystonia patients in Singapore with review of literature comparing East and West
    Jamora RD, Tan EK, Liu CP, Kathirvel P, Burgunder JM, Tan LC
    J Neurol Sci, 2006 Aug 15;247(1):35-7.
    PMID: 16631205
    Dystonia is a heterogenous group of movement disorders whose clinical spectrum is very wide. At least 13 different genes and gene loci have been reported. While a 3-bp deletion in the DYT1 gene is the most frequent cause of early limb-onset, generalized dystonia, it has also been found in non-generalized forms of sporadic dystonia. An 18-bp deletion in the DYT1 gene has also been reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  4. Magnetic resonance imaging of Asians with multiple sclerosis was similar to that of the West
    Chong HT, Ramli N, Lee KH, Kim BJ, Ursekar M, Dayananda K, et al.
    Can J Neurol Sci, 2006 Feb;33(1):95-100.
    PMID: 16583730
    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is the most important paraclinical diagnostic test in multiple sclerosis (MS). The appearance of MRI in Asians with MS is not well defined. We retrospectively surveyed the first brain and spinal cord MRI in patients diagnosed to have MS, according to Poser's criteria in seven regions throughout Asia to define the MRI changes among Asians with MS. There were 101 patients with first brain, and 86 with first spinal cord MRI, 66 of whom had both. The brain MRI showed a mean of 17 lesions per patient in T2 weighted images, mostly asymptomatic. Almost all the lesions were in the white matter, particularly in the juxtacortical, deep and periventricular white matter. A third of the lesions were greater than 5 mm, 14% enhanced with gadolinium. There were more supratentorial than infratentorial lesions at a ratio of 7.5: 1. Ninety five percent of the spinal cord lesions were in cervical and thoracic regions, 34% enhanced with gadolinium. The lesions extended over a mean of 3.6 +/- 3.3 vertebral bodies in length. Fifty (50%) of the brain and 54 (63%) of the spinal MRI patients had the optic-spinal form of MS. The MRI of the optic-spinal and classical groups of patients were similar in appearance and distribution, except that the optic-spinal MS patients have fewer brain but longer and more severe spinal cord lesions. In conclusion, the brain and spinal cord MRI of Asian patients with MS was similar to that of the West, although, in this study, Asian MS patients had larger spinal cord lesions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  5. Comparison of patient survival between various subgroups among renal transplant patients: a single center experience
    Go KW, Teo SM
    Transplant Proc, 2004 Sep;36(7):2046-7.
    PMID: 15518740
    To compare patient graft survival between various subgroups among renal transplant patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  6. 3'-UTR variations and G6PD deficiency
    Amini F, Ismail E
    J Hum Genet, 2013 Apr;58(4):189-94.
    PMID: 23389243 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2012.155
    The combination of two silent mutations, c.1311C>T in exon 11 and IVS11 T93C (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) 1311T/93C), with unknown mechanism, have been reported in G6PD-deficient individuals in Asian populations including Malaysian aboriginal group, Negrito. Here, we report the screening of G6PD gene in 103 Negrito volunteers using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (dHPLC) and direct sequencing. A total of 48 individuals (46.6%) were G6PD deficient, 83.3% of these carried G6PD 1311T/93C with enzyme activity ranging from 1.8 to 4.8 U gHb(-1). Three novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs112950723, rs111485003 and rs1050757, were found in the G6PD 3'-untranslated region (UTR). Strong association was observed between haplotype 1311T/93C and rs1050757G, which is located inside the 35 bp AG-rich region. In silico analysis revealed that the transition of A to G at position rs1050757 makes significant changes in the G6PD mRNA secondary structure. Moreover, putative micro (mi)RNA target sites were identified in 3'-UTR of G6PD gene, two of these in the region encompassing rs1050757. It could be speculated that rs1050757 have a potential functional effect on the downregulation of mRNA and consequently G6PD deficiency either by affecting mRNA stability and translation or mirRNA regulation process. This is the first report of biochemical association of an SNP in 3'-UTR of G6PD gene and the possible role of mRNA secondary structure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  7. Paraoxonase 1 status in keratoconus: a preliminary study of activity and polymorphism
    Poh R, Tan JA, Deva JP, Poo D, Yong Y, Arjunan S
    West Indian Med J, 2012 Sep;61(6):569-73.
    PMID: 23441349
    To determine the activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in keratoconus in a Malaysian population in comparison with non-keratoconic subjects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  8. The efficacy of timolol in gel-forming solution after morning or evening dosing in Asian glaucomatous patients
    Ong LB, Liza-Sharmini AT, Chieng LL, Cheong MT, Vengadasalam SR, Shin HC, et al.
    J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2005 Oct;21(5):388-94.
    PMID: 16245965
    The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of timolol gel-forming solution as a monotherapy and to compare the efficacy of timolol gel-forming solution morning instillation versus at night application in Asians with newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  9. Comparison of propofol consumption and recovery time in Caucasians from Italy, with Chinese, Malays and Indians from Malaysia
    Ortolani O, Conti A, Chan YK, Sie MY, Ong GS
    Anaesth Intensive Care, 2004 Apr;32(2):250-5.
    PMID: 15957725
    Differences in sensitivity to anaesthetic drugs may exist among different ethnic groups. Allelic variants for drug metabolizing isoenzymes and pharmacokinetic differences may account for a variable response to some anaesthetic drugs. This study was designed to compare propofol consumption and recovery characteristics in four ethnic groups: Chinese, Malays, and Indians in Malaysia and Caucasians in Italy. Patients undergoing total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and fentanyl were evaluated for propofol consumption and recovery time. The Bispectral Index (BIS) was used to maintain the same anaesthesia depth in all patients. The BIS value, the response to verbal stimuli and eye-opening time were used to assess recovery. After propofol discontinuation the BIS values returned to baseline in 11+/-4.2 min for Caucasians, in 12.5+/-5.1 min for Chinese, 15.9+/-6.3 min for Malays and 22.1+/-8.1 for Indians. Time to eye-opening was 11.63+/-4.2 min in Caucasians, 13.23+/-4.9 min in Chinese, 16.97+/-5.2 min in Malays and 22.3+/-6.6 min in Indians. The propofol consumption was significantly lower in Indians compared to the other three groups (P<0.01). The recovery of Indians was much slower compared to Chinese, Malays and Caucasians. The recovery time of Malays is significantly slower compared to Chinese and Caucasians. Differences in propofol consumption and recovery time were not significant between Chinese and Caucasians, but the ratio recovery time/propofol consumption was significantly lower in Caucasians compared to all the other groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  10. The genetic history of Peninsular Malaysia
    Norhalifah HK, Syaza FH, Chambers GK, Edinur HA
    Gene, 2016 Jul 15;586(1):129-35.
    PMID: 27060406 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.04.008
    This article explores the genetic history of the various sub-populations currently living in Peninsular Malaysia. This region has received multiple waves of migrants like the Orang Asli in prehistoric times and the Chinese, Indians, Europeans and Arabs during historic times. There are three highly distinct lineages that make up the Orang Asli; Semang, Senoi and Proto-Malays. The Semang, who have 'Negrito' characteristics, represent the first human settlers in Peninsular Malaysia arriving from about 50,000ya. The Senoi later migrated from Indochina and are a mix between an Asian Neolithic population and the Semang. These Asian genomes probably came in before Austroasiatic languages arrived between 5000 and 4000years ago. Semang and Senoi both now speak Austro-Asiatic languages indicative of cultural diffusion from Senoi to Semang. In contrast, the Proto-Malays who came last to the southern part of this region speak Austronesian language and are Austronesians with some Negrito admixture. It is from this group that the contemporary Malays emerged. Here we provide an overview of the best available genetic evidences (single nucleotide polymorphisms, mitochondrial DNA, Y-chromosome, blood groups, human platelet antigen, human leukocyte antigen, human neutrophil antigen and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor) supporting the complex genetic history of Peninsular Malaysia. Large scale sampling and high throughput genetic screening programmes such as those using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism analyses have provided insights into various ancestral and admixture genetic fractions in this region. Given the now extensive admixture present in the contemporary descendants of ancient sub-populations in Peninsular Malaysia, improved reconstruction of human migration history in this region will require new evidence from ancient DNA in well-preserved skeletons. All other aspects of the highly diverse and complex genetic makeup in Peninsular Malaysia should be considered carefully for genetic mapping of disease loci and policy formation by health authorities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  11. Fulltext Distribution of axial length, anterior chamber depth, and corneal curvature in an aged population in South China
    Chen H, Lin H, Lin Z, Chen J, Chen W
    BMC Ophthalmol, 2016 May 01;16(1):47.
    PMID: 27138378 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0221-5
    BACKGROUND: Ocular biometry is important for preoperative assessment in cataract and anterior segment surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate normative ocular biometric parameters and their associations in an older Chinese population.

    METHODS: This was a cross-sectional observational study. From 2013 to 2014, we recruited inhabitants aged 50 years or older in Guangzhou, China. Among 1,117 participants in the study, data from 1,015 phakic right eyes were used for analyses. Ocular parameters including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and corneal curvature (K) were measured using an IOL Master.

    RESULTS: The mean AL, ACD, and K were 23.48 mm [95 % confidence interval (CI), 23.40-23.55], 3.03 mm (CI, 3.01-3.05), and 44.20 mm (CI, 44.11-44.29), respectively. A mean reduction in ACD with age was observed (P = 0.002) in male subjects but not in female subjects (P = 0.558). Male subjects had significantly longer ALs (23.68 mm versus 23.23 mm, P groups. Age and sex were the most consistent predictors of ocular biometry in the older population from South China.

    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  12. Distribution of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 alleles in the Kensiu and Semai Orang Asli sub-groups in Peninsular Malaysia
    Tasnim AR, Allia S, Edinur HA, Panneerchelvam S, Zafarina Z, Norazmi MN
    Hum Immunol, 2016 Aug;77(8):618-619.
    PMID: 27296326 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.06.009
    The earliest settlers in Peninsular Malaysia are the Orang Asli population, namely Semang, Senoi and Proto Malays. In the present study, we typed the HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci of the Kensiu and Semai Orang Asli sub-groups. Sequence-based HLA typing was performed on 59 individuals from two Orang Asli sub-groups. A total of 11, 18 and 14 HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 alleles were identified, respectively. These data are available in the Allele Frequencies Net Database under the population name "Malaysia Kedah Kensiu" and "Malaysia Pahang Semai".
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  13. Validity and Reliability of the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction in Couples with Incontinent Partners
    Lim R, Liong ML, Khan NA, Yuen KH
    J Sex Marital Ther, 2017 Feb 17;43(2):142-146.
    PMID: 26836418 DOI: 10.1080/0092623X.2016.1141817
    There is currently no published information on the validity and reliability of the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction in the Asian population, specifically in patients with stress urinary incontinence, which limits its use in this region. Our study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of this questionnaire in the Malaysian population. Ten couples were recruited for the pilot testing. The agreement between the English and Chinese or Malay versions were tested using the intraclass correlation coefficients, with results of more than 0.80 for all subscales and overall scores indicating good agreement. Sixty-six couples were included in the subsequent phase. The following data are presented in the order of English, Chinese, and Malay. Cronbach's alphas for the male total score were 0.82, 0.88, and 0.95. For the female total score, Cronbach's alphas were 0.76, 0.78, and 0.88. Intraclass correlation coefficients for the male total score were 0.93, 0.94, and 0.99, while intraclass correlation coefficients for the female total score were 0.89, 0.86, and 0.88. In conclusion, the English, Chinese, and Malay versions each proved to be valid and reliable in our Malaysian population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  14. Effects of demographic and physical factors on nerve conduction study values of healthy subjects in a multi-ethnic Asian population
    Fong SY, Goh KJ, Shahrizaila N, Wong KT, Tan CT
    Muscle Nerve, 2016 08;54(2):244-8.
    PMID: 26790132 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25029
    INTRODUCTION: We investigated the effects of demographic and physical factors on nerve conduction studies (NCS) in a multi-ethnic Asian population.

    METHODS: One hundred sixty-six healthy Malaysians of different ethnicities (51.2% women, aged 21-77 years) underwent NCS using a standard protocol. Correlations of various factors to NCS were determined, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to develop predictive equations for each parameter.

    RESULTS: Age and ethnicity were the commonest independent factors influencing NCS followed by gender, height, weight, and body mass index. Increasing age predicted a reduction in lower limb motor and all sensory nerve action potential amplitudes and decrease in motor and sensory (except sural) conduction velocities. Ethnic Indians had slower motor and sensory conduction velocities in several nerves and also had differences in action potential amplitudes.

    CONCLUSIONS: NCS parameters in multi-ethnic Malaysians were influenced independently by various demographic and physical factors, including ethnicity. Muscle Nerve 54: 244-248, 2016.

    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  15. Application of third molar development and eruption models in estimating dental age in Malay sub-adults
    Mohd Yusof MY, Cauwels R, Deschepper E, Martens L
    J Forensic Leg Med, 2015 Aug;34:40-4.
    PMID: 26165657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2015.05.004
    The third molar development (TMD) has been widely utilized as one of the radiographic method for dental age estimation. By using the same radiograph of the same individual, third molar eruption (TME) information can be incorporated to the TMD regression model. This study aims to evaluate the performance of dental age estimation in individual method models and the combined model (TMD and TME) based on the classic regressions of multiple linear and principal component analysis. A sample of 705 digital panoramic radiographs of Malay sub-adults aged between 14.1 and 23.8 years was collected. The techniques described by Gleiser and Hunt (modified by Kohler) and Olze were employed to stage the TMD and TME, respectively. The data was divided to develop three respective models based on the two regressions of multiple linear and principal component analysis. The trained models were then validated on the test sample and the accuracy of age prediction was compared between each model. The coefficient of determination (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE) were calculated. In both genders, adjusted R² yielded an increment in the linear regressions of combined model as compared to the individual models. The overall decrease in RMSE was detected in combined model as compared to TMD (0.03-0.06) and TME (0.2-0.8). In principal component regression, low value of adjusted R(2) and high RMSE except in male were exhibited in combined model. Dental age estimation is better predicted using combined model in multiple linear regression models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  16. Vitamin D is significantly associated with total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin in Malaysian men
    Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S, Wan Ngah WZ
    Aging Male, 2015;18(3):175-9.
    PMID: 26004987 DOI: 10.3109/13685538.2015.1034686
    OBJECTIVE: Cross-sectional studies in the Caucasian population have shown a significant relationship between vitamin D and testosterone levels, but data in the Asian population are limited. This study aimed to determine the association between vitamin D and testosterone levels in Malaysian men.

    METHODS: Chinese and Malay men (n = 382) aged 20 years or above residing in the Klang Valley, Malaysia were recruited. Their fasting blood was collected for serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) assays. Relationship between 25(OH)D and testosterone levels was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Testosterone and SHBG levels among subjects with different vitamin D status were compared using univariate analysis. Confounders such as age, ethnicity and body mass index (BMI) were adjusted.

    RESULTS: 25(OH)D was significantly and positively associated with total testosterone and SHBG levels before and after adjustment for age and ethnicity (p  0.05).

    CONCLUSION: 25(OH)D is significantly associated with total testosterone and SHBG in Malaysian men but this association is BMI-dependent.

    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  17. Fulltext Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Ethnicity Are Independent Factors Associated with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
    Lim J, Bhoo-Pathy N, Sothilingam S, Malek R, Sundram M, Tan GH, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(6):e0130820.
    PMID: 26098884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130820
    To determine the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) profile and factors affecting its degree of severity including cardiovascular risk profile, age, ethnicity, education level and prostate volume in a multiethnic Asian setting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  18. Fulltext Validity and reliability of the Malay version of the Structured Migraine Interview (SMI) Questionnaire
    Shaik MM, Hassan NB, Tan HL, Bhaskar S, Gan SH
    J Headache Pain, 2015 Mar 14;16:22.
    PMID: 25903056 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-015-0509-5
    BACKGROUND: The Structured Migraine Interview (SMI) is a valid and reliable instrument for migraine diagnosis. However, a Malay version of the SMI is not available to be applied to the local Malaysian population. This study was designed to access the validity and reliability of a new Malay version of the SMI questionnaire.
    METHODS: Patients with headache attending the Neurology Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, were screened against the inclusion/exclusion criteria before recruitment. A standard translation procedure was used to translate and adapt the questionnaire into the Malay language. The translated version was tested for face, content and construct validities. Subsequently, validity and reliability studies were conducted (1(st) compilation), followed by retesting seven days later (2(nd) compilation).
    RESULTS: A total of 157 patients between 15 and 60 years of age were enrolled in this study. The kappa value was 0.70 (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  19. Fulltext Temporal trends and ethnic variations in asthma mortality in Singapore, 1976-1995
    Ng TP, Tan WC
    Thorax, 1999 Nov;54(11):990-4.
    PMID: 10525557
    BACKGROUND: A study was undertaken to examine temporal trends and ethnic differences in the asthma mortality rate in Singapore.
    METHODS: Asthma mortality rates in Singapore were estimated from vital data for the years from 1976 to 1995. Trends in sex and age specific (5-14, 15-34, 35-59, 60+ years) rates were obtained for four periods (1976-80, 1981-85, 1986-90, 1991-95) and for Chinese, Malay, and Indian subjects for the years when these data were available (1989-95).
    RESULTS: An increase in asthma mortality was observed in children aged 5-14 years from 0.21 per 100,000 person years in 1976-80 to 0.72 per 100,000 person years in 1991-95. No increases were noted in the other age groups but a small decrease was observed in the 1991-95 period for the 35-59 year age group. Marked ethnic differences in mortality rates were observed. In the group aged 5-34 years the asthma mortality rates were 0.5 per 100,000 in Chinese subjects, 1.3 per 100,000 in Indians, and 2.5 per 100,000 in Malay subjects. Similar 2-4 fold differences were observed in all other age groups.
    CONCLUSIONS: Apart from genetic factors, environmental exposures and medical care factors which influence asthma prevalence and severity are most likely to be the causes of the observed temporal trends and ethnic differences in the asthma mortality rate in Singapore, but further studies are needed to elucidate these more fully.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
  20. A nonsense mutation in exon 8 of the APC gene (Arg283Ter) causes clinically variable FAP in a Malaysian Chinese family
    Mohamed Z, Ahmad R, Yoke NS, Zakaria Z, Ahmad H, Yew TH
    Cancer Sci, 2003 Aug;94(8):725-8.
    PMID: 12901799 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2003.tb01509.x
    The present study was carried out to characterize the causative genetic mutation in a medium-sized Malaysian Chinese pedigree of three generations affected with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Clinical data and genetic studies revealed considerable phenotypic variability in affected individuals in this family. Blood was obtained from members of the FAP-01 family and genomic DNA was extracted. Mutation screening of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene was carried out using the single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique. The possibility of exon skipping was predicted by splicing motif recognition software (ESEfinder release2.0). SSCP results showed mobility shifts in exon 8 of the APC gene which segregated with affected members of the family. Sequence analysis revealed that the affected individuals are heterozygous for a C847T transition, whilst all the unaffected family members and control individuals are homozygous C at the same position. This nucleotide substitution generates a stop codon at amino acid position 283, in place of the usual arginine (Arg283Ter). We conclude that an Arg283Ter mutation in the APC gene is causative of the FAP phenotype in this family, although there is considerable variation in the presentation of this disease among affected individuals. Computational analysis predicts that this mutation occurs within sequences that may function as splicing signals, so that the sequence change may affect normal splicing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asian Continental Ancestry Group
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