Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 415 in total

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  1. Using D-optimal experimental design to optimise remazol black B mineralisation by Fenton-like peroxidation
    Hasan DB, Abdul Aziz AR, Daud WM
    Environ Technol, 2012 Jun;33(10-12):1111-21.
    PMID: 22856280
    The mineralisation of remazol black B (RBB) was studied at concentrations ranging from 20-1000 mgL(-1). The work was aimed at investigating the Fenton-like peroxidation of RBB at a concentration typically obtained in Batik cottage industries. Other response parameters were degradation and colour removal efficiencies. The parameters that were measured included total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD) as well as absorbance for mineralisation, degradation and colour. To optimise the process, the interaction effects of several controlling variables on the treatment process were examined using dispersion matrix-optimal design and response surface analysis. Four specific variables: initial dye concentration (Dye)o; the molar ratio of oxidant to dye organic strength (H2O2):(COD); the mass ratio of the oxidant to the catalyst (H2O2):(Fe3+) and reaction time (t(r)), were observed. Three reduced empirical models, one for each response, were developed for describing the treatment process. For 20, 510 and 1000 mgL(-1), the optimum %TOC reduction and oxidation times were 44% for 95 min, 52% for 52.5 min and 68% for 10 min corresponding to 67, 81 and 75% COD reduction, respectively. The optimum COD reduction and oxidation times were 89% for 95 min, 91% for 10 min and 84% for 95 min for concentrations of 20, 510 and 1000 mg L(-1), respectively. For all concentrations, total colour removal was achieved. A comparison of the results obtained in this study with literature values for traditional Fenton, photo-Fenton and photo-Fenton-like oxidation indicated that the TOC reduction obtained using the Fenton-like process was satisfactory.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/chemistry*
  2. Influence of Fenton reagent oxidation on mineralization and decolorization of municipal landfill leachate
    Mohajeri S, Aziz HA, Isa MH, Bashir MJ, Mohajeri L, Adlan MN
    J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng, 2010;45(6):692-8.
    PMID: 20390917 DOI: 10.1080/10934521003648883
    This study evaluated the effectiveness of Fenton's technique for the treatment of semi-aerobic landfill leachate collected from Pulau Burung Landfill Site (PBLS), Penang, Malaysia. The Fe2+ or Fe3+ as catalyst and H2O2 as oxidizing agent are commonly used for the classical Fenton's reaction. In present study, the effect of operating conditions such as pH, reaction time, molar ratio, agitation rate, feeding mode and Fenton reagent concentrations which are important parameters that affect the removal efficiencies of Fenton method were investigated. Under the most favorable conditions, the highest removals of 58.1 and 78.3% were observed for COD and color, respectively. In general, the best operating conditions were pH = 3, Fe = 560 mg L(-1), H2O2 = 1020 mg L(-1), H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio = 3, agitation rate = 400 rpm and reaction time = 120 minutes. The results highlighted that stepwise addition of Fenton's reagent was more effective than adding the entire volume in a single step. Excessive hydrogen peroxide and iron have shown scavenging effects on hydroxyl radicals and reduced degradation of refractory organics in the landfill leachate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/chemistry*
  3. Degradation of malachite green in aqueous solution by Fenton process
    Hameed BH, Lee TW
    J Hazard Mater, 2009 May 30;164(2-3):468-72.
    PMID: 18804913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.018
    In this study, advanced oxidation process utilizing Fenton's reagent was investigated for degradation of malachite green (MG). The effects of different reaction parameters such as the initial MG concentration, initial pH, the initial hydrogen peroxide concentration, the initial ferrous concentration and the reaction temperature on the oxidative degradation of MG have been investigated. The optimal reacting conditions were experimentally found to be pH 3.40, initial hydrogen peroxide concentration=0.50mM and initial ferrous concentration=0.10mM for initial MG concentration of 20mg/L at 30 degrees C. Under optimal conditions, 99.25% degradation efficiency of dye in aqueous solution was achieved after 60 min of reaction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/chemistry*
  4. Redox equilibria of iron oxides in aqueous-based magnetite dispersions: effect of pH and redox potential
    Pang SC, Chin SF, Anderson MA
    J Colloid Interface Sci, 2007 Jul 1;311(1):94-101.
    PMID: 17395194
    The effect of pH and redox potential on the redox equilibria of iron oxides in aqueous-based magnetite dispersions was investigated. The ionic activities of each dissolved iron species in equilibrium with magnetite nanoparticles were determined and contoured within the Eh-pH framework of a composite stability diagram. Both standard redox potentials and equilibrium constants for all major iron oxide redox equilibria in magnetite dispersions were found to differ from values reported for noncolloidal systems. The "triple point" position of redox equilibrium among Fe(II) ions, magnetite, and hematite shifted to a higher standard redox potential and an equilibrium constant which was several orders of magnitude higher. The predominant area of magnetite stability was enlarged to cover a wider range of both pH and redox potentials as compared to that of a noncolloidal magnetite system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/chemistry
  5. Malaysian siblings with friedreich ataxia and chorea: a novel deletion in the frataxin gene
    Spacey SD, Szczygielski BI, Young SP, Hukin J, Selby K, Snutch TP
    Can J Neurol Sci, 2004 Aug;31(3):383-6.
    PMID: 15376485
    BACKGROUND: Friedrich ataxia (FRDA1) is most often the result of a homozygous GAA repeat expansion in the first intron of the frataxin gene (FRDA gene). This condition is seen in individuals of European, North African, Middle Eastern and Indian descent and has not been reported in Southeast Asian populations. Approximately 4% of FRDA1 patients are compound heterozygotes. These patients have a GAA expansion on one allele and a point mutation on the other and have been reported to have an atypical phenotype.

    OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel dinucleotide deletion in the FRDA gene in two Malaysian siblings with FRDA1.

    SETTING: Tertiary referral university hospital setting.

    PATIENTS AND METHODS: A previously healthy 10-year-old Malaysian boy, presented with fever, lethargy, headaches, dysarthria, dysphagia, vertigo and ataxia which developed over a one week period. His neurological exam revealed evidence of dysarthria and ataxia, mild generalized weakness and choreoform movements of the tongue and hands. His reflexes were absent and Babinski sign was present bilaterally. A nine-year-old sister was found to have mild ataxia but was otherwise neurologically intact.

    RESULTS: Molecular genetic studies demonstrated that both siblings were compound heterozygotes with a GAA expansion on one allele and a novel dinucleotide deletion on the other allele.

    CONCLUSIONS: We describe a novel dinucleotide deletion in the first exon of the FRDA gene in two siblings with FRDA1. Additionally this is the first report of FRDA1 occurring in a family of southeast Asian descent, it demonstrates intrafamilial phenotypic variability, and confirms that atypical phenotypes are associated with compound heterozygosity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Iron-Binding Proteins/genetics*
  6. Determinants of iron status in Malaysian adolescents from a rural community
    Foo LH, Khor GL, Tee ES, Dhanaraj P
    Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2004 Sep;55(6):517-25.
    PMID: 15762316
    Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. The prevalence of anaemia in the developing countries is three to four times higher than that in the developed countries. The iron status was assessed in 199 apparently healthy male and female adolescents aged 12-19 years living in a fishing community in Sabah, Malaysia. Data on socio-economic characteristics, lifestyles, anthropometry measurements, iron status, and dietary intake were gathered. Dietary intake of energy, iron, and most nutrients (with the exception of protein and vitamin C) were below the recommended levels for Malaysian adolescents. Three-quarters of the iron was derived from plant foods. The mean haemoglobin value for the male was 13.9 +/- 1.3 g/dl with 9.5% having less than 12 g/dl, while the respective figures for the female were 12.4 +/- 1.6 g/dl and 28.6%. The mean serum ferritin concentrations for male and female adolescents were 21.5 and 15.4 microg/l, respectively; with 25.7% of the males and 49.5% of the females having deficient levels of ferritin. Dietary intake of total energy and iron, and gender were found to be independent determinants of serum ferritin and haemoglobin levels, accounting for over 40% of the variations for each of these iron indicators. In males, but not in females, the intake of dietary protein and iron, and physical activity were also found to be significant determinants of serum ferritin. The age of subjects and household size were significant determinants of haemoglobin levels for male subjects, but not for female subjects. The findings indicate the importance of adequate intake of energy and dietary iron for improving the iron status of adolescents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/blood; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/etiology; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology*; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/prevention & control; Iron, Dietary/administration & dosage*
  7. Removal of iron and manganese by artificial destratification in a tropical climate (Upper Layang Reservoir, Malaysia)
    Ismail R, Kassim MA, Inman M, Baharim NH, Azman S
    Water Sci Technol, 2002;46(9):179-83.
    PMID: 12448467
    Environmental monitoring was carried out at Upper Layang Reservoir situated in Masai, Johor, Malaysia. The study shows that thermal stratification and natural mixing of the water column do exist in the reservoir and the level of stratification varies at different times of the year. Artificial destratification via diffused air aeration techniques was employed at the reservoir for two months. The results show that thermal stratification was eliminated after a week of continuous aeration. The concentrations of iron and to a lesser extent manganese in the water column was also reduced during the aeration period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/isolation & purification*
  8. Fulltext Correlation between Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infection and Serum Iron Level among Primary School Children in Medan
    Arrasyid NK, Sinambela MN, Tala ZZ, Darlan DM, Warli SM
    Open Access Maced J Med Sci, 2017 Apr 15;5(2):117-120.
    PMID: 28507613 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2017.016
    BACKGROUND: The latest estimates indicate that more than 2 billion people worldwide are infected by Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH). The burden of STH infection is mainly attributed to the chronic effect on health and quality of life of those infected. It is also contributed to micronutrient deficiencies such as iron-deficiency anaemia. The prevalence of worm infection in Public Primary School students in Medan was quite high (40.3%), and 33.3% was anaemic in the latest study.

    AIM: To determine the correlation between STH infection with serum iron (SI) level on primary school children, as well as to determine the prevalence of SI level and worm infection, and the type of worm that infects the most of them.

    METHODS: This study was conducted in the cross-sectional method. Consecutive sampling technique was used and a total of 132 students age 8-12 years old were included. The study took places in Public Primary School 060925 Amplas, Medan and 101747 Hamparan Perak, Deli Serdang throughout May-October 2016. Fisher Exact test was used to analyse the correlation between STH infection and SI level.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of STH infection was 7.6%, and low SI was 11.4%.

    CONCLUSION: There was no significant correlation between STH infection and SI level (P = 0.317). The prevalence of low SI level was not significantly dependent on STH infection (RP = 1.877, 95% CI = 0.481-7.181).

    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
  9. Studies of oxygen binding energy to hemoglobin molecule
    Chow YW, Pietranico R, Mukerji A
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1975 Oct 27;66(4):1424-31.
    PMID: 6
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/blood
  10. Partially degradable friction-welded pure iron-stainless steel 316L bone pin
    Nasution AK, Murni NS, Sing NB, Idris MH, Hermawan H
    J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 2015 Jan;103(1):31-8.
    PMID: 24757071 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33174
    This article describes the development of a partially degradable metal bone pin, proposed to minimize the occurrence of bone refracture by avoiding the creation of holes in the bone after pin removal procedure. The pin was made by friction welding and composed of two parts: the degradable part that remains in the bone and the nondegradable part that will be removed as usual. Rods of stainless steel 316L (nondegradable) and pure iron (degradable) were friction welded at the optimum parameters: forging pressure = 33.2 kPa, friction time = 25 s, burn-off length = 15 mm, and heat input = 4.58 J/s. The optimum tensile strength and elongation was registered at 666 MPa and 13%, respectively. A spiral defect formation was identified as the cause for the ductile fracture of the weld joint. A 40-µm wide intermetallic zone was identified along the fusion line having a distinct composition of Cr, Ni, and Mo. The corrosion rate of the pin gradually decreased from the undeformed zone of pure iron to the undeformed zone of stainless steel 316L. All metallurgical zones of the pin showed no toxic effect toward normal human osteoblast cells, confirming the ppb level of released Cr and Ni detected in the cell media were tolerable.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron*
  11. Morphology and magnetic characterisation of aluminium substituted yttrium-iron garnet nanoparticles prepared using sol gel technique
    Yahya N, Al Habashi RM, Koziol K, Borkowski RD, Akhtar MN, Kashif M, et al.
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2011 Mar;11(3):2652-6.
    PMID: 21449447
    Aluminum substituted yttrium iron garnet nano particles with compositional variation of Y(3.0-x) A1(x)Fe5O12, where x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 were prepared using sol gel technique. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the best garnet phase appeared when the sintering temperature was 800 degrees C. Nano-crystalline particles with high purity and sizes ranging from 20 to 100 nm were obtained. It was found that the aluminum substitution had resulted in a sharp fall of the d-spacing when x = 2, which we speculated is due to the preference of the aluminum atoms to the smaller tetrahedron and octahedron sites instead of the much larger dodecahedron site. High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and electron diffraction (ED) patterns showed single crystal nanoparticles were obtained from this method. The magnetic measurement gave moderate values of initial permeability; the highest value of 5.3 was shown by sample Y3Fe5O12 at more than 100 MHz which was attributed to the morphology of the microstructure which appeared to be homogeneous. This had resulted in an easy movement of domain walls. The substitution of aluminum for yttrium is speculated to cause a cubic to rhombodedral structural change and had weakened the super-exchange interactions thus a fall of real permeability was observed. This might have created a strain in the sub-lattices and had subsequently caused a shift of resonance frequencies to more than 1.8 GHz when x > 0.5.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/chemistry*
  12. Influence of iron, growth temperature and plasmids on siderophore production in Aeromonas hydrophila
    Naidu AJ, Yadav M
    J Med Microbiol, 1997 Oct;46(10):833-8.
    PMID: 9364139
    Aeromonas hydrophila strains obtained from diarrhoeal samples of human patients (19 isolates) and freshwater ponds (11 isolates) were analysed for siderophore production. Both clinical and environmental isolates showed significantly increased siderophore production under iron-limiting conditions both at 28 degrees C and at 37 degrees C. Clinical isolates consistently produced higher levels of siderophores than did the environmental isolates. The role of plasmids in moderating siderophore production was studied after curing with acridine orange. Treatment with acridine orange for 24 h removed the larger plasmids but the smaller plasmids (< 5 MDa), more common in the environmental isolates, were resistant to curing. As found in the untreated isolates, the cured clinical isolates produced higher mean levels of siderophores than the cured environmental isolates. Siderophore production in A. hydrophila was significantly influenced by iron-limiting cultural conditions and the source of isolates, but plasmid content and growth temperature at 28 degrees C or 37 degrees C had little effect on production. The basis for the greater production of siderophores in clinical isolates than in environmental isolates needs further study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/deficiency*
  13. Fulltext Nutritional profile and antioxidative properties of selected tropical wild vegetables
    Ng, X.N., Chye, F.Y., Mohd Ismail, A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(4):1487-1496.
    MyJurnal
    Five underutilized wild vegetables namely Limnophila aromaticoides, Ceratopetris thalictroides, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Etlingera elatoir and Monochoria vaginalis were analyzed for nutritional values, phenolic components and antioxidant activities. These wild greens were found to have high fibre (11.3-19.8 g/100g) and ash (13.0-17.6 g/100g) contents as compared to commercialized species, Brassica juncea. The iron content of Monochoria vaginalis is four times higher than Brassica juncea (33.1 mg/g dry weight). Crassocephalum crepidioides demonstrated remarkable lipid peroxidation inhibition (90.4%). The phenolic content of Etlingera elatoir is two times higher than Brassica juncea. Thus, it is of both great free radical scavenger and iron chelators with the lowest EC50 values of 1.8 mg/ml and 2.3 mg/ml respectively. As a conclusion, these wild vegetables could be potentially used in alleviating micronutrients deficiency especially for the rural populace and as a potent source of natural antioxidants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Iron Chelating Agents
  14. Fulltext Hepatitis C and iron over load
    Poddar, Sandeep
    Malaysian Journal of Medical Research, 2017;1(1):25-30.
    MyJurnal
    Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus: the virus can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis infection. Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection appear to have an excellent chance of responding to 6 months of standard therapy with interferon (IFN) and frequently develop systemic iron overload, which exacerbates morbidity. The iron excess in hepatitis C may be due to hereditary hemochromatosis, hematologic diseases, multiple transfusions, porphyria cutanea tarda and chronic alcohol abuse. Different mechanisms proposed to explain the relation between HCV infection and hepatic iron overload. Some revealed that hepatic iron accumulation results from release of iron from damaged liver cells. Consumption of coffee, tea also reduces iron absorption and thereby decrease iron overload in Liver and thereby reduces the oxidative stress of iron overload in liver. The global scenario of this problem has been discussed in the article.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Iron Overload
  15. Fulltext Iron intake and iron deficiency anaemia among young women in Kuala Lumpur
    Loh, S. P., Khor, G. L.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2010;6(1):63-70.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: To assess the prevalence of iron deficiency, anaemia and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in women aged 20-40 years and its association with iron intake. Methods: A total of 388 women were recruited from universities and work sites in Kuala Lumpur and its suburbs. The subjects comprised 135 Malays, 130 Chinese and 123 Indians. Dietary intake was estimated using a single 24-hour food recall and a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and serum ferritin were determined. Results: The prevalence of anaemia (Hb
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
  16. Severe iron deficiency anaemia in prolonged exclusively breast and cow's milk-fed infants
    Haifa Abdul Latiff, Mohd Nasir Hassan, Mohd Sham Kasim
    Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1994;6(1):49-51.
    MyJurnal
    We report here a case of severe iron deficiency anaemia resulting from prolonged exclusive milk diet without any iron supplementation. The patient was a 1112 year old boy, the only child of a factory worker, who was breasffed until 4 months of age followed by exclusive feeding by non-fortifiedformula. He presented with severe iron deficiency anaemia with haemoglobin of4 .0g% and required blood trans-fusion. Iron and.vitamin supplements were given and cereals were slowly introduced. He responded very well to the treatment with satis-factory weight gain and improvement of anaemia. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
  17. The use of imferon (iron dextran) as a total dose infusion
    Tharmaratnam A, Vikraman P, Kanagalingam N
    Med J Malaya, 1967 Jun;21(4):319-21.
    PMID: 4230498
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron-Dextran Complex/therapeutic use*
  18. Fulltext Potential Point-of-Care Microfluidic Devices to Diagnose Iron Deficiency Anemia
    Yap BK, M Soair SN, Talik NA, Lim WF, Mei I L
    Sensors (Basel), 2018 Aug 10;18(8).
    PMID: 30103424 DOI: 10.3390/s18082625
    Over the past 20 years, rapid technological advancement in the field of microfluidics has produced a wide array of microfluidic point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices for the healthcare industry. However, potential microfluidic applications in the field of nutrition, specifically to diagnose iron deficiency anemia (IDA) detection, remain scarce. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia, which affects billions of people globally, especially the elderly, women, and children. This review comprehensively analyzes the current diagnosis technologies that address anemia-related IDA-POC microfluidic devices in the future. This review briefly highlights various microfluidics devices that have the potential to detect IDA and discusses some commercially available devices for blood plasma separation mechanisms. Reagent deposition and integration into microfluidic devices are also explored. Finally, we discuss the challenges of insights into potential portable microfluidic systems, especially for remote IDA detection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diagnosis*
  19. Improvement in the diagnostics of iron deficiency anemia using multiple marker combinations
    Yang ES, Kim YS, Park CY, Kim JD, Song HJ
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1653-1659.
    Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) frequently occurred in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases and can be treated
    by treating the underlying disease. On the other hand, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA), the most common type of anemia,
    occurred with iron loss or when the iron requirement of the body was increased. Since the treatment methods for ACD
    and IDA differ, it is important to clinically distinguish between the two types of anemia. In this study, we investigated and
    evaluated the performance of a number of biomarkers, including ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), hepcidin,
    C-reactive protein (CRP) and combination markers containing ferritin for the diagnosis of IDA using serum samples from
    Korean patients (80 ACD and 48 IDA Korean patients). Among the single markers, ferritin exhibited the best performance
    with 98.58% AUC and 97.50% sensitivity. In this study, a combination of two biomarkers was used to differentially
    diagnose IDA and ACD. Among the combination markers, ferritin + sTfR showed the best performance with 99.51% AUC
    and 98.75% sensitivity. We found that the ferritin + sTfR combination showed the best diagnostic performance with
    1.25% higher SN than ferritin alone. Moreover, it also showed 10% better diagnostic performance than the single ferritin
    marker within the data range where the distinction between ACD and IDA is unclear. We propose that using combination
    markers containing ferritin may diagnose IDA more accurately and facilitate the determination of the appropriate anemia
    treatment to expedite patient recovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
  20. Iron nanoflorets on 3D-graphene-nickel: A 'Dandelion' nanostructure for selective deoxynivalenol detection
    Ong CC, Siva Sangu S, Illias NM, Chandra Bose Gopinath S, Saheed MSM
    Biosens Bioelectron, 2020 Apr 15;154:112088.
    PMID: 32056954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112088
    Deoxynivalenol (DON), a cosmopolitan mycotoxin found in agricultural commodities causes serious health maladies to human and animals when accidently consumed even at a low quantity. It necessitates selective and sensitive devices to analyse DON as the conventional methods are complex and time-consuming. This study is focused on developing a selective biosensing system using iron nanoflorets graphene nickel (INFGN) as the transducer and a specific aptamer as the biorecognition element. 3D-graphene is incorporated using a low-pressure chemical vapour deposition followed by the decoration of iron nanoflorets using electrochemical deposition. INFGN enables a feasible bio-capturing due to its large surface area. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirms the presence of the hydroxyl groups on the INFGN surface, which acts as the linker. Clear Fourier-transform infrared peak shifts affirm the changes with surface chemical modification and biomolecular assembly. The limit of detection attained is 2.11 pg mL-1 and displays high stability whereby it retains 30.65% of activity after 48 h. The designed INFGN demonstrates remarkable discrimination of DON against similar mycotoxins (zearalenone and ochratoxin A). Overall, the high-performance biosensor shown here is an excellent, simple and cost-effective alternative for detecting DON in food and feed samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iron/chemistry*
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