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Unmasking Dietary Disclosures: Examining Food Intake Accuracy in Malaysian Primary School Children Aged 7-9 Years

Iqbal AJ, Touheed H, Samiullah FNU

J Nutr, 2024 Apr;154(4):1476-1477.
PMID: 38360115 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.032
Matched MeSH terms: Eating
Clarifying the Scope: Addressing Misinterpretations of Our Study on Self-Reporting Food Intake in Malaysian Primary School Children

Wong JE

J Nutr, 2024 Apr;154(4):1478-1479.
PMID: 38360114 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.02.003
Matched MeSH terms: Eating
Disordered eating and its association with overweight and health-related quality of life among adolescents in selected high schools of Tehran

Jalali-Farahani S, Chin YS, Mohd Nasir MT, Amiri P

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev, 2015 Jun;46(3):485-92.
PMID: 25173517 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-014-0489-8

This study aimed to determine the association between disordered eating and overweight and also health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among adolescents in high schools of Tehran. The participants were 465 adolescents, aged 14-17 years. After anthropometric measurements, body mass index-for-age and body weight status were determined using World Health Organization cut offs. The Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™4.0) were used to assess disordered eating and HRQOL, respectively. Disordered eating was prevalent in 18.9% of adolescents, with higher prevalence in girls (26.4%) compared to boys (11.8%; χ(2):16.29, p < 0.05). Disordered eating was associated with overweight in girls (χ(2) = 11.07, p < 0.05), but not in boys (χ(2) = 2.01, p = 0.16). Disordered eating was associated with poor HRQOL especially in psychosocial domains of HRQOL. Considering the high prevalence of disordered eating and its association with overweight and poor HRQOL, preventive interventions targeting adolescents are recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology*
Contamination of food samples from Malaysia with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and estimation of human intake

Leong YH, Chiang PN, Jaafar HJ, Gan CY, Majid MI

Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 2014 Apr;31(4):711-8.
PMID: 24392728 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.880519

A total of 126 food samples, categorised into three groups (seafood and seafood products, meat and meat products, as well as milk and dairy products) from Malaysia were analysed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The concentration of PCDD/Fs that ranged from 0.16 to 0.25 pg WHO05-TEQ g(-1) fw was found in these samples. According to the food consumption data from the Global Environment Monitoring System (GEMS) of the World Health Organization (WHO), the dietary exposures to PCDD/F from seafood and seafood products, meat and meat products, as well as milk and dairy products for the general population in Malaysia were 0.064, 0.183 and 0.736 pg WHO05-TEQ kg(-1) bw day(-1), respectively. However, the exposure was higher in seafood and seafood products (0.415 pg WHO05-TEQ kg(-1) bw day(-1)) and meat and meat products (0.317 pg WHO05-TEQ kg(-1) bw day(-1)) when the data were estimated using the Malaysian food consumption statistics. The lower exposure was observed in dairy products with an estimation of 0.365 pg WHO05-TEQ kg(-1) bw day(-1). Overall, these dietary exposure estimates were much lower than the tolerable daily intake (TDI) as recommended by WHO. Thus, it is suggested that the dietary exposure to PCDD/F does not represent a risk for human health in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating*
Implementation of herd health program to improve survival of Boer goats in Malaysia

Salisi MS, Saad MZ, Kasim A

Trop Anim Health Prod, 2012 Feb;44(2):207-11.
PMID: 22083271 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-0008-x

A Boer goat breeding farm with 800 heads of breeder females, 50 breeder males, and 400 growing goats of various ages in Sabah, Malaysia was selected to study the effect of implementing herd health program. This included vaccination program against pneumonic mannheimiosis; fecal monitoring for helminthiasis, coccidiosis, and colibacillosis; and introduction of modified feeding regime comprised of day-time grazing and feeding of cut grass and supplemented feed. The herd health program was implemented in September 2007 and the impact was observed on body weight gains, body scoring, and annual mortality among adults and kids. It was found that implementation of herd health program significantly (p < 0.05) increased the average body weight gains in both adults and kids from 1.8 g per kid and 0.6 g per adult in 2006 to 3.7 g per kid and 2.2 g per adult in 2008. The percentage of adults with body scoring of <3 was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced from 82.3% in 2006 to 77.6% in 2007 and 4% in 2008. Similarly, the annual mortality rate was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced from 6.5% among kids and 58.2% among adults in 2006 to 12.1% among kids and 10.4% among adults in 2007, and to 9.1% among kids and 1.1% among adults in 2008. Therefore, it was concluded that implementation of herd health program significantly improved the survival and performance of goats.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating/physiology
Fulltext Is there an influence of dietary habits on breast density as seen on digital mammograms?

Voon NS, Chelliah KK

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(8):1969-72.
PMID: 22292635

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of dietary habit on breast density, which is an important risk factor for breast cancer. This cross-sectional study was performed on 64 Malaysian women of all races between the age of 35 to 70 years. All subjects underwent mammography and the breast density was analyzed from the images using BI-RADS by two independent radiologists. A validated food-frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate the nutrient intake. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test to evaluate the association of dietary habits to breast density. Based on the results, mutton, pork, vegetables, sweets, snacks, soy bean and eggs intake showed associations with increased breast density (p < 0.05) while grains, meat, beverages, oil and fruits, did not show any association (p > 0.05). As a conclusion, this study showed diet may make changes to the breast density as a risk factor for breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating*
Analysis of melamine migration from melamine food contact articles

Chik Z, Haron DE, Ahmad ED, Taha H, Mustafa AM

Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess, 2011;28(7):967-73.
PMID: 21607892 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2011.576401

Migration of melamine has been determined for 41 types of retail melamine-ware products in Malaysia. This study was initiated by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia, in the midst of public anxiety on the possibility of melamine leaching into foods that come into contact with the melamine-ware. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the level of melamine migration in melamine utensils available on the market. Samples of melamine tableware, including cups and plates, forks and spoons, tumblers, bowls, etc., were collected from various retail outlets. Following the test guidelines for melamine migration set by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN 2004) with some modifications, the samples were exposed to two types of food simulants (3% acetic acid and distilled water) at three test conditions (25°C (room temperature), 70 and 100°C) for 30 min. Melamine analysis was carried out using LC-MS/MS with a HILIC column and mobile phase consisting of ammonium acetate/formic acid (0.05%) in water and ammonium acetate/formic acid (0.05%) in acetonitrile (95 : 5, v/v). The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 5 ng/ml. Melamine migration was detected from all samples. For the articles tested with distilled water, melamine migration were [median (interquartile range)] 22.2 (32.6), 49.3 (50.9), 84.9 (89.9) ng/ml at room temperature (25°C), 70 and 100°C, respectively. In 3% acetic acid, melamine migration was 31.5 (35.7), 81.5 (76.2), 122.0 (126.7) ng/ml at room temperature (25°C), 70 and 100°C, respectively. This study suggests that excessive heat and acidity may directly affect melamine migration from melamine-ware products. However the results showed that melamine migration in the tested items were well below the specific migration limit (SML) of 30 mg/kg (30,000 ng/ml) set out in European Commission Directive 2002/72/EC.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooking and Eating Utensils*
Fulltext Dental Implants - Perceiving Patients' Satisfaction in Relation to Clinical and Electromyography Study on Implant Patients

Alam MK, Rahman SA, Rahaman SA, Basri R, Sing Yi TT, Si-Jie JW, et al.

PLoS One, 2015;10(10):e0140438.
PMID: 26465146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140438

The aim of this study is to evaluate the satisfaction of patients with posterior implants in relation to the clinical success criteria and surface electromyography (sEMG) findings of the masseter and temporalis muscles. Total 42 subjects were investigated. Twenty one subjects with posterior dental implants were interviewed using a questionnaire and the clinical success criteria were determined based on The International Congress of Oral Implantologists. The myofunction of the masticatory muscles were assessed using sEMG (21 subjects) and compared to the control group of subjects without implants (21 subjects). Out of 21 subjects, all were satisfied with the aesthetics of their implant. Twenty of them (95.2%) were satisfied with its function and stability. As for clinical criteria, 100% (50) of the implants were successful with no pain, mobility or exudates. sEMG findings showed that patients have significantly lower (p<0.01) basal or resting median power frequency but with muscle burst. During chewing, control subjects showed faster chewing action. There was no difference in reaction and recovery time of clenching for both groups. In conclusion, the satisfaction of implant patients was high, and which was in relation to the successful clinical success criteria and sEMG findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating/physiology
Academic burnout and eating disorder among students in Monash University Malaysia

Kristanto T, Chen WS, Thoo YY

Eat Behav, 2016 08;22:96-100.
PMID: 27131097 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.029

This study examined the prevalence of academic burnout and the relationship between academic burnout and eating disorder among Monash university students for a period of one year. One hundred and thirty-two participants were recruited for the study via advertisement. They were invited to complete three instruments, namely Demographic Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey (MBI-SS) and Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18-item (TFEQ-18). In addition, anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage and waist circumference were taken. All data were collected at baseline and after 6-8weeks. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni pairwise comparison tests were performed using Stata version 13. The prevalence of academic burnout after 6-8weeks was revealed to be 17.4% and 73.5% respectively for moderate and high level of academic burnout respectively. Emotional eating (EEat) scores were significantly different over levels of academic burnout after 6-8weeks (p=0.0103) while no significant differences was observed in other subscales such as cognitive restraint (CR) and uncontrolled eating (UE). These findings evidenced partial associations between academic burnout and eating disorder.

Matched MeSH terms: Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology*
Food intake, nutrient utilization and water turnover in the lesser mouse-deer (Tragulus javanicus) given lundai (Sapium baccatum)

Nolan JV, Liang JB, Abdullah N, Kudo H, Ismail H, Ho YW, et al.

Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Physiol., 1995 May;111(1):177-82.
PMID: 7735907

Voluntary food intake, digestibility and water turnover were determined in adult Malaysian lesser mouse-deer (Tragulus javanicus) given unlimited access to lundai foliage (Sapium baccatum). Daily dry matter (DM) intake was 42.4 g/kg metabolic live mass (M0.73) or 3.7% M. Digestible energy intake was 853 kJ/day (571 kJ metabolisable energy per M0.73), calculated to be used with 79% efficiency. Apparent digestibility (%) of organic matter was 83.8, crude fibre 63.7, acid detergent fibre 60.5, neutral detergent fibre 72.1 and crude protein 65.0. Urinary excretion of the purine derivative, allantoin, was 0.05 mg/g digestible DM intake suggesting rumen microbial yield efficiency may be lower than in other ruminant species. Total water intake was 182 ml/M0.82. The body-water content of the fed mouse-deer, from tritiated water dilution, was 77% M, consistent with a very lean carcass. Turnover of body water was 17% per day. The mouse-deer produced relatively dry, well-defined faecal pellets.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating/physiology*
Helicobacter pylori in Melbourne Chinese immigrants: evidence for oral-oral transmission via chopsticks

Chow TK, Lambert JR, Wahlqvist ML, Hsu-Hage BH

J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1995 9 1;10(5):562-9.
PMID: 8963032

The Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in a representative population of 328 Melbourne Chinese immigrants (162 men and 166 women) aged 25 years and older were studied. The population consisted of Chinese people born in China/Hong Kong (n = 110, 33.5%), Vietnam (n = 79, 24.1%), Malaysia/Singapore (n = 102, 31.1%), and elsewhere (n = 37, 11.3%). The overall seroprevalence of H. pylori was 59.5%; 60.5% in men and 58.4% in women. Gender specific analysis showed associations between higher seroprevalence and several socio-demographic factors; in men, age (P < 0.0001), lower education level (P < 0.002), cigarette smoking (P < 0.042), the use of antibiotics (P < 0.015) and chopsticks (P < 0.047), and in women, lower socioeconomical status [education level (P < 0.030), gross household income (P < 0.0001) and occupational status (P < 0.0001)] and use of chopsticks (P < 0.002). Seroprevalence differed between immigrants of various birthplaces (P < 0.001); those born in Malaysia/Singapore (43.1%) were lower than those born in China/Hong Kong (68.2%), Vietnam (68.4%), and elsewhere (59.5%). Immigrants of various birthplaces also differed in their pattern of socio-demographics. Multivariate analyses showed that risk factors for H. pylori infection within the Melbourne Chinese immigrants were, in men, age (B = 1.081) and birthplace (B = 1.769) and, in women, household income (B = 0.541) and use of chopsticks (B = 1.654). This study suggests person-to-person transmission of H. pylori via the oral-oral route with ethno-specific food practices an important risk factor.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating*
Fulltext Transverse myelopathy and hyperphagia in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report

Chong YH, Cheong I

Med J Malaysia, 1985 Dec;40(4):333-4.
PMID: 3870350

We report a case of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by transverse myelopathy and hyperphagia. To our knowledge the latter has not been reported before.

Matched MeSH terms: Feeding and Eating Disorders/etiology*
Fulltext Swallow syncope: a case report and review of literature

Siew KSW, Tan MP, Hilmi IN, Loch A

BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 2019 08 07;19(1):191.
PMID: 31391000 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1174-4

BACKGROUND: Swallow or deglutition syncope is an unusual type of neurally-mediated syncope associated with life-threatening bradyarrhythmia and hypotension. It is a difficult condition to diagnose with commonly delayed diagnosis and management. There is lack of review articles that elucidate the basic demographics, clinical characteristics and management of this rare condition. This publication systematically reviews the 101 case reports published since 1793 on swallow syncope.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old man presented with the complaint of recurrent dizziness associated with meals. A 24-h ambulatory ECG recording confirmed an episode of p-wave asystole at the time of food intake. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy with balloon inflation in the mid to lower oesophagus resulted in a 5.6 s sinus pause. The patient's symptoms resolved completely following insertion of a permanent dual chamber pacemaker.
CONCLUSIONS: Swallow syncope is extremely rare, but still needs to be considered during diagnostic workup. It is commonly associated with gastro-intestinal disease. Permanent pacemaker implantation is the first line treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating*
The longitudinal relationship between dietary intake, physical activity and muscle strength among adolescents

Ng AK, Hairi NN, Dahlui M, Su TT, Jalaludin MY, Abdul Majid H

Br J Nutr, 2020 12 14;124(11):1207-1218.
PMID: 32624008 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520002202

The longitudinal relationship between muscle strength, dietary intake and physical activity among adolescents is not well understood. We investigated the trend and longitudinal effects of dietary intakes and physical activity scores on muscle strength in adolescents. This prospective cohort study consisted of 436 adolescents (134 males; 302 females) aged 13 years at baseline (2012) who were followed up at the ages of 15 (2014) and 17 (2016) years, respectively. We measured muscle strength using a calibrated hand dynamometer, estimated dietary intake with a 7-d dietary history and physical activity scores with a validated physical activity questionnaire for older children. A generalised estimating equation was used to examine the effect of dietary intakes and physical activity on muscle strength changes. The analysis was performed separately by sex. The muscle strength for males and females had increased within the 5-year period. The dietary intakes (energy and macronutrients) also increased initially but plateaued after the age of 15 years for both sexes. Females recorded a significant declining trend in physical activity scores compared with males as they grew older. A significant positive longitudinal relationship was found between protein (β = 0·035; P = 0·016), carbohydrate intake (β = 0·002; P = 0·013) and muscle strength among males. However, no longitudinal relationship was found between dietary intake, physical activity and muscle strength among females. Higher protein and carbohydrate intake among males was associated with higher muscle strength but was not observed in females. Nutrition and physical activity focusing on strength building are required in early adolescence and need to be tailored to males and females accordingly.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating/physiology*
Diel osmorespiration rhythms of juvenile marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata)

Lim LS, Tan SY, Tuzan AD, Kawamura G, Mustafa S, Rahmah S, et al.

Fish Physiol Biochem, 2020 Aug;46(4):1621-1629.
PMID: 32430644 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00817-5

Oxyeleotris marmorata is an ambush predator. It is known for slow growth rate and high market demand. Farming of O. marmorata still remains a challenge. In order to establish a proper feeding practice to stimulate growth, knowledge of its metabolic processes and cost should be examined. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the diel osmorespiration rhythms of O. marmorata in response to feeding challenge by using an osmorespirometry assay. The results have shown that oxygen consumption rate of the fed fish was approximately 3 times higher than that of the unfed fish in early evening to support specific dynamic action. Digestion and ingestion processes were likely to be completed within 18-20 h in parallel with the ammonia excretion noticeable in early morning. Under resting metabolism, metabolic oxygen consumption was influenced by diel phase, but no effect was noted in ammonia excretion. As a nocturnal species, O. marmorata exhibited standard aerobic metabolic mode under dark phase followed by light phase, with high oxygen consumption rate found in either fed or unfed fish. It can be confirmed that both the diel phase and feeding have a significant interactive impact on oxygen consumption rate, whereas ammonia metabolism is impacted by feeding state. High metabolic rate of O. marmorata supports the nocturnal foraging activity in this fish. This finding suggested that feeding of O. marmorata should be performed during nighttime and water renewal should be conducted during daytime.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating/physiology
Fulltext Parental concern of feeding difficulty predicts poor growth status in their child

Lee WS, Tee CW, Tan AG, Wong SY, Chew KS, Cheang HK, et al.

Pediatr Neonatol, 2019 12;60(6):676-683.
PMID: 31056340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2019.04.004

BACKGROUND: Parents often express concerns about feeding difficulties in their child. We hypothesized that these parental concerns were associated with adverse growth status in early childhood. We aimed to determine the prevalence of such concerns and whether these concerns were associated with adverse growth status in early childhood.
METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study among healthy children aged 12-36 months attending three well-baby clinics in three urban areas in Malaysia and Singapore between December 2016 and February 2017. Parents were interviewed for concerns about their child's feeding and presence of behavioral and organic red flags for feeding difficulties. We defined growth faltering as weight-for-age < 3rd centile and short stature as height-for-age < 3rd centile according to World Health Organization Growth Standards.
RESULTS: Of the 303 children studied (boys = 160, 52.8%; mean [± SD] chronological age at interview 21.3 [± 4.0] months), 13% (n = 38/292) had growth faltering and 19.5% (n = 50/256) had short stature. Overall, 36.3% (n = 110) of parents expressed concerns about their child's feeding behavior. Sixty-eight percent (n = 206) of parents reported presence of at least one behavioral and 18.5% (n = 56) had at least one organic red flag for feeding difficulties, respectively. 9.9% (n = 30) had both behavioral and organic red flags for feeding difficulties. Growth faltering was significantly associated with parental concern about feeding (odds ratio [OR] 3.049, p

Matched MeSH terms: Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood/complications*
Eating Disorder Among Malaysian University Students and Its Associated Factors

Chan YL, Samy AL, Tong WT, Islam MA, Low WY

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2020 08 13;32(6-7):334-339.
PMID: 32787612 DOI: 10.1177/1010539520947879

Eating disorder is highly prevalent among university students worldwide. However, in Malaysia, studies on eating disorder is scanty and were mostly conducted among medical students. A stratified cluster sampling was used to recruit participants in a university based in Kuala Lumpur. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1017/1132 students (response rate: 89.8%). The questionnaires administered was a combination of the Eating Attitude Test-26 and items related to perceived body weight, body mass index, trying to weight loss, tobacco use, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression. Descriptive analyses were performed to provide background information of at-risk students by gender. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors of eating disorder. The results showed that 13.9% of the university students were at risk of eating disorder. Students who were trying to lose weight and had posttraumatic stress disorder predicted eating disorder. Hence, eating disorder among university students merits attention and requires implementations of public health policies.

Matched MeSH terms: Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology*
Fulltext Transfer of Campylobacter jejuni from raw to cooked chicken via wood and plastic cutting boards

Tang JY, Nishibuchi M, Nakaguchi Y, Ghazali FM, Saleha AA, Son R

Lett Appl Microbiol, 2011 Jun;52(6):581-8.
PMID: 21375548 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2011.03039.x

We quantified Campylobacter jejuni transferred from naturally contaminated raw chicken fillets and skins to similar cooked chicken parts via standard rubberwood (RW) and polyethylene cutting boards (PE).

Matched MeSH terms: Cooking and Eating Utensils*
Effects of termiticide exposure on mutual interactions between the treated and untreated workers of the Asian subterranean termite Coptotermes gestroi

Neoh KB, Lee CC, Lee CY

Pest Manag Sci, 2014 Feb;70(2):240-4.
PMID: 23554339 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3544

Mutual interactions, including reciprocal food sharing and grooming between chlorantraniliprole- and fipronil-treated, and untreated Asian subterranean termites, Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann), were examined using rubidium as a tracer. Two questions were addressed in this study: (1) After insecticide treatment, does the mutual interaction between termiticide-treated termites and untreated nestmates increase? (2) Does the nutritional status of both termiticide-treated termites and untreated nestmates affect the mutual interaction?

Matched MeSH terms: Eating/drug effects
Fulltext Differences in eating behaviours, dietary intake and body weight status between male and female Malaysian University students

Gan WY, Mohd NM, Zalilah MS, Hazizi AS

Malays J Nutr, 2011 Aug;17(2):213-28.
PMID: 22303575 MyJurnal

INTRODUCTION: University students are potentially important targets for the promotion of healthy lifestyles as this may reduce the risks of lifestyle-related disorders later in life. This cross-sectional study examined differences in eating behaviours, dietary intake, weight status, and body composition between male and female university students.
METHODOLOGY: A total of 584 students (59.4% females and 40.6% males) aged 20.6 +/- 1.4 years from four Malaysian universities in the Klang Valley participated in this study. Participants completed the Eating Behaviours Questionnaire and two-day 24-hour dietary recall. Body weight, height, waist circumference and percentage of body fat were measured.
RESULTS: About 14.3% of males and 22.4% of females were underweight, while 14.0% of males and 12.3% of females were overweight and obese. A majority of the participants (73.8% males and 74.6% females) skipped at least one meal daily in the past seven days. Breakfast was the most frequently skipped meal. Both males and females frequently snacked during morning tea time. Fruits and biscuits were the most frequently consumed snack items. More than half of the participants did not meet the Malaysian Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) for energy, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, iron (females only), and calcium. Significantly more males than females achieved the RNI levels for energy, protein and iron intakes.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights the presence of unhealthy eating behaviours, inadequate nutrient intake, and a high prevalence of underweight among university students. Energy and nutrient intakes differed between the sexes. Therefore, promoting healthy eating among young adults is crucial to achieve a healthy nutritional status.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating*

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