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Fulltext Legal aspects of articular cartilage tissue engineering experimentation: a review on malaysian acts, regulations and guidelines

Muhammad Aa’zamuddin Ahmad Radzi, Majdah Zawawi, Munirah Sha’ban, Nur Syamimi Mohd. Azharuddin, Azran Azhim, Abdurezak Abdulahi Hashi

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(3):272-284.
MyJurnal

Presently, there is no specific federal legislation governing articular cartilage tissue engineering (ACTE) experimenta- tion practices in Malaysia. However, there are related regulations and guidelines provided by government agencies to oversee and guide such practices. The rules and regulations provided in the documents have the essential aim of safeguarding public health through ensuring that non-clinical studies reach a certain quality, efficient and safe for hu- man use. There are themes identified when scrutinising relevant documents which includes, the need for authorised personnel and the establishment of facilities in conducting such experiments, the aspect of cell-scaffold construct development, the use of human materials, the aspect of biosafety, animal care and use during the experiments, and considerations on the impact on the environment. The individual laboratory or facility shall adopt and adapt these standards as deemed appropriate by the ACTE researchers to ensure that non-clinical studies are conducted in a proper and ethical manner.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Observation of adverse effect on level ammonia through expression of cd8 lymphocyte in mice

Abdul Rohim Tualeka, Juliana Jalaludin

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(102):1-7.
MyJurnal

The production of ammonia has been increasing over the past few years. Unfortunately, the production does not follow the safety control of ammonia on workers. Indonesia still adopts chemical standard from other countries. Therefore, it requires an ammonia standard at the highest dose without effect or no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in the workplace. This research aims to determine standard at the highest dose of without effect through the expression of CD8 cells as well as analysis of histological alteration CD8 lymphocyte between exposed to ammonia group and control. Methods: The study was a laboratory experimental research with a post-test only control group design. The research used Rattus novergicus species as many as 24. NOAEL was determined by middle dose with a location between the smallest and the largest dose. The doses of ammonia were given through inhalation. The histological alteration of CD8 between ammonia in exposed and the control group were analyzed by using the Kruskal Wallis test. Results: NOAEL was found through CD8 located in group 3 with 0.0154 dose mg/kg body weight. There was a differential expression of CD8 lymphocyte cells in the white mice lung between exposed to ammonia group and control (p=0.042). Conclusion: The expression of CD8 lymphocyte cells in the white mice lung exposed to ammonia differs significantly with the number of the expression of CD8 lymphocyte cells in white mice lung at control group. NOAEL was 0.0154 mg/kg body weight of white mice.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic: Pahang experience

Sapian, M., Sahhir, K., Rosnah, I., Ardi, A., Rohida, T., Azura, M, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2010;10(1):62-69.
MyJurnal

On 24th April 2009 the World Health Organisation (WHO) announced Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) alert phase 4 which was later raised to phase 6 on 11th June 2009. By 11th October 2009, 199 countries were affected with 399,232 laboratory confirmed cases resulting in 4735 death. In Pahang, the state and district operation rooms were activated on the 28th April and 5th May 2009 respectively to monitor surveillance, control and preventives measures carried out. This study was done to describe the situation of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Pahang from 28th April 2009 till 10th October 2009 in terms of laboratory confirmed cases and clusters reported, Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) surveillance, Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (sARI) surveillance and health education activities. During the period, 490 laboratory confirmed Influenza A (H1N1) cases were registered with 5 deaths. The age ranges from less than 1 year to 76 years with median of 16 years old. 207 ILI clusters were recorded, 139 (67.5%) were Influenza A (H1N1) clusters. For surveillance activity, 11,570 (2.2%) of outpatient attendances were ILI cases while 966 (2.0 %) of total admissions were sARI cases. There were 14,927 health education activities carried out during the period. The number of people affected by Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Pahang reached its peak in mid August 2009 and later showed a downward trend. ILI surveillance was a useful tool to detect Influenza A (H1N1) activity in Pahang.
Study site: Klinik kesihatan, outpatient clinics, hospitals, Pahang, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Sick building syndrome and mental health among university laboratory staffs

Zuliza M, Irniza R, Emilia Z

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2017;17 Special(1):133-139.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sick building syndrome (SBS) and other factors contributing to probable mental health problems among university laboratory staffs. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 264 laboratory staffs in UPM. Data was collected using validated self-administrated questionnaires consists of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and SBS. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. In total, about 28% of the participants reported having probable mental health problems. The prevalence of SBS was 31.4%. After controlling for confounders, the significant factors for probable mental health problems were job insecurity (AOR 2.33, 95% CI 0.212- 0.867), job demand (AOR 1.12, 95% CI 0.445-0.921), fatigue (AOR 0.94, 95% CI 0.162-1.425), drowsiness (AOR 0.75, 95% CI 1.023-4.647) and household income (AOR 0.339, 95% CI0.166-0.995).Results visibly showed that psychosocial factors and symptoms of SBS at their working environment contribute to probable mental health problems among laboratory staffs. The strongest predictors in this study were job insecurity. Hence, further assessment and preventive measures should be carried out to reduce the risk factors of probable mental health problems and to improve working environment among university laboratory staffs.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Evaluation of the Effects of Cement and Lime with Rice Husk Ash as an Additive on Strength Behavior of Coastal Soil

Eliaslankaran Z, Daud NNN, Yusoff ZM, Rostami V

Materials (Basel), 2021 Feb 28;14(5).
PMID: 33670914 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051140

Coastal accretion and erosion are unavoidable processes as some coastal sediments undergo modification and stabilization. This study was conducted to investigate the geotechnical behavior of soil collected from Bagan Lalang coast and treated with lime, cement, and rice husk ash (RHA) to design a low-cost alternative mixture with environmentally friendly characteristics. Laboratory tests were carried out to analyze the physical properties of the soil (Atterberg limits and compaction properties), together with mechanical characteristics (direct shear and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests) to determine the effect of different ratios of stabilizer/pozzolan on the coastal soil and the optimum conditions for each mixture. Part of the purpose of this study was also to analyze the shear behavior of the coastal soil and monitor the maximum axial compressive stress that the treated specimens can bear under zero confining pressure. Compared to the natural soil, the soil treated with lime and rice husk ash (LRHA) in the ratio of 1:2 (8% lime content) showed a tremendous increase in shear stress under the normal stress of 200 kPa. The strength parameters such as the cohesion (c) and internal friction angle (ϕ) values showed a significant increase. Cohesion values increased considerably in samples cured for 90 days compared to specimens cured for 7 days with additional LRHA in the ratio of 1:2 (28%).

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Determination of Non-Recrystallization Temperature for Niobium Microalloyed Steel

Akhtar MN, Khan M, Khan SA, Afzal A, Subbiah R, Ahmad SN, et al.

Materials (Basel), 2021 May 18;14(10).
PMID: 34070060 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102639

In the present investigation, the non-recrystallization temperature (TNR) of niobium-microalloyed steel is determined to plan rolling schedules for obtaining the desired properties of steel. The value of TNR is based on both alloying elements and deformation parameters. In the literature, TNR equations have been developed and utilized. However, each equation has certain limitations which constrain its applicability. This study was completed using laboratory-grade low-carbon Nb-microalloyed steels designed to meet the API X-70 specification. Nb- microalloyed steel is processed by the melting and casting process, and the composition is found by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Multiple-hit deformation tests were carried out on a Gleeble® 3500 system in the standard pocket-jaw configuration to determine TNR. Cuboidal specimens (10 (L) × 20 (W) × 20 (T) mm3) were taken for compression test (multiple-hit deformation tests) in gleeble. Microstructure evolutions were carried out by using OM (optical microscopy) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). The value of TNR determined for 0.1 wt.% niobium bearing microalloyed steel is ~ 951 °C. Nb- microalloyed steel rolled at TNR produce partially recrystallized grain with ferrite nucleation. Hence, to verify the TNR value, a rolling process is applied with the finishing rolling temperature near TNR (~951 °C). The microstructure is also revealed in the pancake shape, which confirms TNR.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Replicating remembering "remembering"

Janssen SMJ, Anthony K, Chang CYM, Choong EL, Neoh JY, Lim A

Memory, 2020 Dec 31.
PMID: 33382346 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2020.1868525

When examining spontaneously recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse, victims report that there had been periods in which they had forgotten the abuse. However, there are sometimes people with whom the victim had spoken about the abuse during the period in which the victim had supposedly forgotten the abuse, suggesting the victim had not forgotten the abuse but the prior recall of the abuse. The underestimation of previous knowledge is termed the forgot-it-all-along effect. The goal of the present study was replicating the results of a laboratory study that had provided a theoretical understanding for the forgot-it-all-along effect by showing that people have difficulties remembering "remembering" when the memory had previously been recalled in a different context. The effect was replicated by using the same neutral context sentences, suggesting the finding was robust. We also extended the experimental design by using positive and negative context sentences, but it did not become smaller when the positive sentences provided the different context or larger when the negative sentences provided the different context. Although the sample sizes were sufficiently large to provide statistical power for the forgot-it-all-along effect, they may not have been sufficiently large to observe the moderation effects of emotional context.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
How to build a lab in East Asia's science hot spots

Gewin V

Nature, 2018 06;558(7711):625-627.
PMID: 29950636 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-018-05513-2
Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories/economics; Laboratories/manpower; Laboratories/organization & administration*
Fulltext Prevalence of Near-miss Events of Transfusion Practice and Its Associated Factors amongst House Officers in a Teaching Hospital

Noor NHM, Joibe KF, Hasan MN

Oman Med J, 2021 Mar;36(2):e249.
PMID: 33898061 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2021.55

Objectives: A near miss in transfusion practice is defined as a deviation from standard procedures discovered before transfusion and can lead to a transfusion error. Information on near-miss events provides pivotal data on areas of improvement to prevent actual errors in the future. Our study sought to determine the prevalence and rate of near-miss events and their associated factors amongst house officers (HO) in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Methods: The initial part of this study is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving data collection from all requests sent for group, screen, and hold (GSH) and group and cross match (GXM) tests from 2011 to 2017. The association between sociodemographic, workplace, and experience factors with near-miss events amongst HO was analyzed with a case-control study using logistic regression.
Results: We reported 83 near-miss events with a prevalence of 0.034% (95% confidence interval 0.027-0.042). The rate of near-miss events was one in every 2916 requests. The mean reporting rate was 11.9 events per year. Clinical near miss predominated at 89.2% compared to 10.8% laboratory near miss. Mislabeled events (33.7%) were more than miscollected events (10.8%). HO were implicated with most events (83.1%). Most events were predominantly in the medical and obstetrics and gynecology wards amounting to 31.3% each. We found a significant association between the ages of HO with near-miss events.
Conclusions: The prevalence of near-miss events in our hospital was relatively low. Our study has shown areas for improvement include improving sampling practices in clinical areas, adequate training of laboratory technicians, and providing proper transfusion education. Interventions such as encouraging compliance to guidelines and training in clinical and laboratory areas to minimize the risk of mistransfusion should be considered.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Hemolyzed Specimens: Major Challenge for Identifying and Rejecting Specimens in Clinical Laboratories

Wan Azman WN, Omar J, Koon TS, Tuan Ismail TS

Oman Med J, 2019 Mar;34(2):94-98.
PMID: 30918601 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.19

Pre-analytical quality in clinical chemistry testing is as important as analytical and post-analytical quality. The most prevalent pre-analytical interference and a major source of error producing unreliable laboratory test results is hemolysis of blood samples. In vitro hemolysis may be due to the blood withdrawal technique or sample handling whereas in vivo hemolysis can originate from acquired, hereditary, or iatrogenic conditions and is not technique dependent. Interpreting in vivo or in vitro hemolysis requires clinicians to supply reliable clinical history and findings. Even then, to reject or release the result with interpretation is still under debate. Thus, hemolyzed specimens are a serious pre-analytical problem calling for well-designed and strictly implemented laboratory guidelines. The aim of this non-systematic review (addressed to healthcare professionals) was to highlight the challenges in identifying and rejecting hemolysis specimens.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Genomic and RT-qPCR analysis of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and meropenem resistance in Burkholderia pseudomallei clinical isolates

Schnetterle M, Gorgé O, Nolent F, Boughammoura A, Sarilar V, Vigier C, et al.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2021 Feb;15(2):e0008913.
PMID: 33592059 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008913

BACKGROUND: Melioidosis is an endemic disease in southeast Asia and northern Australia caused by the saprophytic bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei, with a high mortality rate. The clinical presentation is multifaceted, with symptoms ranging from acute septicemia to multiple chronic abscesses. Here, we report a chronic case of melioidosis in a patient who lived in Malaysia in the 70s and was suspected of contracting tuberculosis. Approximately 40 years later, in 2014, he was diagnosed with pauci-symptomatic melioidosis during a routine examination. Four strains were isolated from a single sample. They showed divergent morphotypes and divergent antibiotic susceptibility, with some strains showing resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones. In 2016, clinical samples were still positive for B. pseudomallei, and only one type of strain, showing atypical resistance to meropenem, was isolated.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We performed whole genome sequencing and RT-qPCR analysis on the strains isolated during this study to gain further insights into their differences. We thus identified two types of resistance mechanisms in these clinical strains. The first one was an adaptive and transient mechanism that disappeared during the course of laboratory sub-cultures; the second was a mutation in the efflux pump regulator amrR, associated with the overexpression of the related transporter.
CONCLUSION: The development of such mechanisms may have a clinical impact on antibiotic treatment. Indeed, their transient nature could lead to an undiagnosed resistance. Efflux overexpression due to mutation leads to an important multiple resistance, reducing the effectiveness of antibiotics during treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Whipworms of south-east Asian rodents are distinct from Trichuris muris

Ribas A, Wells K, Morand S, Chaisiri K, Agatsuma T, Lakim MB, et al.

Parasitol Int, 2020 Aug;77:102128.
PMID: 32330535 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102128

The whipworm Trichuris muris is known to be associated with various rodent species in the northern hemisphere, but the species identity of whipworm infecting rodents in the Oriental region remains largely unknown. We collected Trichuris of Muridae rodents in mainland and insular Southeast Asia between 2008 and 2015 and used molecular and morphological approaches to identify the systematic position of new specimens. We discovered two new species that were clearly distinct from T. muris, both in terms of molecular phylogenetic clustering and morphological features, with one species found in Thailand and another one in Borneo. We named the new species from Thailand as Trichuris cossoni and the species from Borneo as Trichuris arrizabalagai. Molecular phylogeny using internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) showed a divergence between T. arrizabalagai n. sp., T. cossoni n. sp. and T. muris. Our findings of phylogeographically distinct Trichuris species despite some globally distributed host species requires further research into the distribution of different species, previously assumed to belong to T. muris, which has particular relevance for using these species as laboratory model organisms.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Analysis of stone mastic asphalt (sma) slab dimensions for evaluation of the newly developed roller compactor (Turamesin)

Jakarni, F.M., Muniandy, R., Hassim, S., Mahmud, A.R.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2010;18(1):-.
MyJurnal

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is one type of asphalt mixture which is highly dependent on the method
of compaction as compared to conventional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixture. A suitable laboratory compaction method which can closely simulate field compaction is evidently needed as future trend
in asphalt pavement industry all over the world is gradually changing over to the SMA due to its excellent performance characteristics. This study was conducted to evaluate the SMA slab mixtures compacted using a newly developed Turamesin roller compactor, designed to cater for laboratory compaction in field simulation conditions. As the newly developed compaction device, there is a need for evaluating the compacted slab dimensions (which include length, width, and thickness), analyzing the consistency of the measured parameters to verify the homogeneity of the compacted slabs and determining the reliability of Turamesin. A total of 15 slabs from three different types of asphalt mixtures were compacted, measured, and analyzed for their consistencies in terms of length, width, and thickness. Based on study the conducted, the compacted slabs were found to have problems in terms of the improperly compacted section of about 30 mm length at both ends of the slabs and the differences in the thickness between left- and right-side of the slab which were due to unequal load distribution from the roller compactor. The results obtained from this study have led to the development of Turamesin as an improved laboratory compaction device.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Correlation of electrical resistivity with some soil parameters for the development of possible prediction of slope stability and bearing capacity of soil using electrical parameters

Syed Baharom Syed Osman, Mohammad Nabil Fikri, Fahad Irfan Siddique

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2014;22(1):139-152.
MyJurnal

The long term objective of this research is to look into the possibility of replacing soil strength parameters such as cohesion and angle of friction with electrical resistivity value for the purpose of computing among others, factor of safety in slopes or bearing capacity of soil. This paper however is limited to the investigation of correlation between electrical resistivity with some selected soil parameters. Electrical resistivity tests, using a basic multi meter, steel moulds and other related equipment, were conducted in the laboratory on soil samples with variations in soil type, compaction energy and moisture content. The samples consisted of predominantly clay, silt and sandy size particles and were compacted in a 100 x 100 mm square mould, while the corresponding electrical resistivity tests were carried out using the disc electrode method in accordance to BS 1377. The values of the electrical parameters such as voltage, current and resistance, with the corresponding value of soil parameters such as cohesion, angle of friction and moisture content, were measured and recorded. The results of the tests produced some initial crude relationships between electrical resistivity and the selected soil parameters. The strongest correlation between electrical resistivity and angle of internal friction, φ, was obtained from the clay size samples with R2 of 0.824, while the maximum correlation between electrical resistivity and moisture content again was obtained through the clay samples with R2 of 0.818. From the other results and graphs analyzed, some consistencies and specific trends of behaviour observed gave some early indications that a more detail and precise correlation between electrical resistivity and soil strength parameters could be very well possible in future.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Fuzzy-controlled humidity variation by Silica gel and Nitrogen gas in an atmospheric chamber

Ali Ghahraei, Nurul Amziah Md Yunus, Izhal Abdul Halin, Nasri Sulaiman

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(102):133-142.
MyJurnal

Controlled humidity environment is of significance in many scientific researches and experiments. In most laboratory-scale atmospheric chambers, an electrical temperature-based control system is used to adjust humidity. Since these chambers are not affordable in every laboratory, other low cost chambers using nitrogen gas or silica gel are used to adjust humidity. In this paper, a mechanism was developed to control the relative humidity in closed lab-scale chambers. Humidification is done by spraying water through a blower fan while de-humidification is by pumping air through silica gel as well as nitrogen gas injection. A Mamdani type fuzzy controller was designed to control the components and relative humidity. The results show the proposed system and controller can adjust and maintain relative humidity from 41% to 100% with maximum overshoot of 1% and the maximum range of error of steady state of 1.2 %.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Novel impedance measurement technique for soluble solid content determination of banana

Ibrahim, N.U.A., Abd Aziz, S., Nawi, N.M.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(2):519-526.
MyJurnal

Soluble solid content (SSC) is one of the important traits that indicate the ripeness of banana fruits.
Determination of SSC for banana often requires destructive laboratory analysis on the fruit. An impedance measurement technique was investigated as a non-destructive approach for SSC determination of bananas. A pair of electrocardiogram (ECG) electrode connected to an impedance analyser board was used to measure the impedance value of bananas over the frequency of 19.5 to 20.5 KHz. The SSC measurement was conducted using a pocket refractometer and data was analysed to correlate SSC with impedance values. It was found that the mean of impedance, Z decreased from 10.01 to 99.93 KΩ at the frequency of 20 KHz, while the mean value of SSC increased from 0.58 to 4.93 % Brix from day 1 to day 8. The best correlation between impedance and SSC was found at 20 KHz, with the coefficient of determination, R2 of 0.87. This result indicates the potential of impedance measurement in predicting SSC of banana fruits.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Virtual reality based support system for layout planning and programming of an industrial robotic work cell

Yap HJ, Taha Z, Dawal SZ, Chang SW

PLoS One, 2014;9(10):e109692.
PMID: 25360663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109692

Traditional robotic work cell design and programming are considered inefficient and outdated in current industrial and market demands. In this research, virtual reality (VR) technology is used to improve human-robot interface, whereby complicated commands or programming knowledge is not required. The proposed solution, known as VR-based Programming of a Robotic Work Cell (VR-Rocell), consists of two sub-programmes, which are VR-Robotic Work Cell Layout (VR-RoWL) and VR-based Robot Teaching System (VR-RoT). VR-RoWL is developed to assign the layout design for an industrial robotic work cell, whereby VR-RoT is developed to overcome safety issues and lack of trained personnel in robot programming. Simple and user-friendly interfaces are designed for inexperienced users to generate robot commands without damaging the robot or interrupting the production line. The user is able to attempt numerous times to attain an optimum solution. A case study is conducted in the Robotics Laboratory to assemble an electronics casing and it is found that the output models are compatible with commercial software without loss of information. Furthermore, the generated KUKA commands are workable when loaded into a commercial simulator. The operation of the actual robotic work cell shows that the errors may be due to the dynamics of the KUKA robot rather than the accuracy of the generated programme. Therefore, it is concluded that the virtual reality based solution approach can be implemented in an industrial robotic work cell.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Phylogenetic relationships of Pseudo-nitzschia subpacifica (Bacillariophyceae) from the Mexican Pacific, and its production of domoic acid in culture

Quijano-Scheggia SI, Olivos-Ortiz A, Garcia-Mendoza E, Sánchez-Bravo Y, Sosa-Avalos R, Salas Marias N, et al.

PLoS One, 2020;15(4):e0231902.
PMID: 32330168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231902

Pseudo-nitzschia is a cosmopolitan genus, some species of which can produce domoic acid (DA), a neurotoxin responsible for the Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP). In this study, we identified P. subpacifica for the first time in Todos Santos Bay and Manzanillo Bay, in the Mexican Pacific using SEM and molecular methods. Isolates from Todos Santos Bay were cultivated under conditions of phosphate sufficiency and deficiency at 16°C and 22°C to evaluate the production of DA. This toxin was detected in the particulate (DAp) and dissolved (DAd) fractions of the cultures during the exponential and stationary phases of growth of the cultures. The highest DA concentration was detected during the exponential phase grown in cells maintained in P-deficient medium at 16°C (1.14 ± 0.08 ng mL-1 DAd and 4.71 ± 1.11 × 10-5 ng cell-1 of DAp). In P-sufficient cultures DA was higher in cells maintained at 16°C (0.25 ± 0.05 ng mL-1 DAd and 9.41 ± 1.23 × 10-7 ng cell-1 of DAp) than in cells cultured at 22°C. Therefore, we confirm that P. subpacifica can produce DA, especially under P-limited conditions that could be associated with extraordinary oceanographic events such as the 2013-2016 "Blob" in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. This event altered local oceanographic conditions and possibly generated the presence of potential harmful species in areas with economic importance on the Mexican Pacific coast.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Defining acute kidney injury in dengue viral infection by conventional and novel classification systems (AKIN and RIFLE): a comparative analysis

Mallhi TH, Khan AH, Sarriff A, Adnan AS, Khan YH, Jummaat F

Postgrad Med J, 2016 Feb;92(1084):78-86.
PMID: 26729887 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133582

Several criteria have been used to stratify acute kidney injury (AKI) in dengue infection and have resulted in variations in its incidence as well as clinic-laboratory characteristics. The current study was aimed to compare three commonly used criteria of AKI among patients with dengue.

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories
Fulltext Increasing the percentage of appropriate tests conducted in the serology laboratory, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah

Azlina Yahya, Osama Abdul Nasir

Q Bulletin, 2019;1(28):36-44.
MyJurnal

Wastage due to unnecessary laboratory test requests is a major problem in government hospitals because they have cost implications. Although screening of infectious marker tests such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B antibody (AHBS) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)) before testing have been put in place, inappropriate tests were still being carried out in the Serology laboratory, which resulted in wasted human resources and reagents, increased workload and increased maintenance costs. Based on the verification studies using the Laboratory Information System (LIS), we observed only 70% of the tests followed the ordering guidelines or test specifications. Thus, we aim to increase the standard to more than 95% of the infectious marker test requests which were appropriate according to a few guidelines.
A cross-sectional study was conducted for all infectious marker tests received at Serology Laboratory from January 2015 to June 2016 to verify the problem. A workplace audit and questionnaire survey on the staff were carried out to gain more information. Low level of knowledge, unavailability of standardised guidelines for quick and easy reference, lack of staff and inefficient work processes were among the main contributing factors. Empowering new staff to screen specimens, developing simple and informative screening guidelines, providing adequate trays and refrigerators for screening purposes and strengthening and developing a more effective process of care were the strategies taken during this study.
The appropriate tests carried out from July to September 2015, October to December 2015, January to March 2016 and April to June 2016 were 99%, 98.80%, 99.50%, 98.90% respectively. During the same period, 711, 411, 710 and 768 tests were rejected. We monitored the performance and managed to achieve 100% appropriate testing for the period of July 2016 to June 2018 and an estimation of MYR 73,437.50 cost saving was achieve

Matched MeSH terms: Laboratories

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