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  1. Fulltext Comparison of alginate/cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite and alginate/ calcium carbonate bone scaffolds on osteoblast growth
    Hemabarathy Bharatham, Zariyantey Abdul Hamid, Muhammad Fikri Musa, Nurnadiah Ahmad, Enoch Kumar Perimal
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2017;15(2):1-7.
    MyJurnal
    Calcium carbonate (CaCO3
    ) plays a crucial role in influencing the growth of osteoblast. This study was conducted
    to compare the performance of alginate/cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite (nCP) bone scaffold developed from
    naturally occurring CaCO3 with alginate/calcium carbonate (CC) bone scaffold developed using synthetic CaCO3. The
    study compares the performance of the scaffold in supporting the growth of osteoblast through in vitro evaluations as
    well as initial biocompatibility observations through in vivo methods. Both scaffolds were developed using the mixture
    of 40% alginate solution with either 60% of nano cockle shell powder or synthetic CaCO3 to obtain a three dimensional
    scaffold structure. In vitro evaluation on calcium release and ALP enzyme activity was conducted on both scaffolds seeded
    with osteoblast on day’s three, five and seven using commercial kits. In vivo observations using histological methods
    were further conducted by implanting osteoblast seeded scaffold subcutaneously at the dorsum of 8 albino mice for 21
    days. Findings from in vitro studies showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the release of calcium and ALP enzyme
    activity in nCP scaffolds on day seven compared to days three and five of CC scaffold. Histological observations using
    H&E and von Kossa staining showed infiltration and proliferation of osteoblast on both scaffolds as well as early stage
    bone tissue formation. Formation of new blood vessels within the scaffolds was also observed in nCP scaffold. Both the
    developed scaffolds were noted to support osteoblast growth and new tissue formation with better potentials displayed by
    nCP scaffolds comparatively. This study shows that naturally occurring CaCO3 obtained from cockle shells in the form
    of nano powder has good potentials to be used as a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications.
  2. Fulltext Adult attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD): how does cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) help patients?
    Nuur Asyikin Mohd Shukor, Shalisah Sharip, Nurul Azmi Muhammad Rappek, Hatta Sidi, Rosliza Yahya
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2017;18(2):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: ADHD is a complex neurobiological disorder, which required tactful
    intervention. Besides pharmacotherapy, there is still limited information in
    addressing the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for treating this
    developmental disorder.

    Methods: We report a case of late diagnosed of ADHD
    whose facing difficulty to cope with her undergraduate degree. She has to repeat
    her semester examination due to lack of attention. Denial was seen in both
    patient and family in accepting the diagnoses, and posed roadblock for
    successful intervention.

    Results: Six sessions of CBT were conducted, coupled
    with psycho education for both the family and patient. Consultation from the
    university’s management helped her to accept and cope with her ADHD
    symptoms, i.e. attention and impulsivity. The patient showed improvement
    following this intensive bio-psycho-social intervention.

    Conclusion: The short
    duration of CBT was found suitable to be adapted and implemented in young
    adult ADHD.
  3. Fulltext Pyrosequencing-based quantitative evaluation of P16 methylation in diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
    Mohd. Ridah L.J., Ismail A., A. Talib N., Muhammad N., Hussain F.A., Zainuddin N.
    Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2016;1(1):12-17.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Methylation of promoter region of p16 leading to gene silencing has been implicated ina wide range of malignancies including lymphomas. In diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) particularly, a varying percentage of epigenetic inactivation of p16 promoter region was observed ranging from 16 -54%. However, quantitative analysis of p16 promoter methylation in DLBCL has not been extensively studied in Malaysia. Objective: This study aims to quantitatively analyse p16 methylation in DLBCL samples using pyrosequencing technique. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 16 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lymphoma tissue blocks from patients diagnosed with DLBCL. Samples were retrieved from Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Pahang and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan. Primers were designed to amplify bisulfite-treated DNA targeting p16 promoter region. Methylation status of 7 CpG sites was determined by pyrosequencing. Results: All the 16 samples studied showed promoter methylation of p16. The range of mean methylation percentage was between 18 to 81%. Conclusion: The present study has successfully measured the level of methylation of p16 in all 7 CpG sites despite the limitation in sample size. Since p16 methylation is a common event in our series of DLBCL cases, it is worth including a larger sample size in future studies to increase the chance of finding a significant correlation with clinical parameters.
  4. Fulltext Microstructure, microhardness and density of shot blasting and paste boronizing on 316L stainless steel
    Muhamad Hafizuddin Mohamad Basir, Mohd Faizul Idham, Bulan Abdullah, Muhammad Hussain Ismail
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(103):83-90.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this study is to examine the effect of surface treatments involving shot blasting and paste boronizing on the microstructure, microhardness and density of 316L stainless steel. Shot blasting using glass beads was carried out prior to paste boronizing at fix boronizing temperature and soaking time of 850°C and 8 hours respectively. The results show paste boronizing produces boride layers that consist of FeB and Fe2B on the surface of 316L stainless steel with high hardness. Shot blasting on the other hand creates grain refinement on the metal’s surface which increases boron diffusion into the surface and improves the case depth of boride layers formed and also its hardness. Higher shot diameter used in shot blasting also influence in improving the case depth of boride layers produced and hardness of 316L stainless steel. The effect of shot blasting using a higher shot diameter and paste boronizing reduces the density of 316L stainless steel very slightly.
  5. Fulltext Wind characteristics and outdoor thermal comfort assessment in East Malaysia
    Hanipah, M.H., Abdullah, A.H., Che Sidek, N.A., Yunus, R., Nagapan, S., Yassin, M.N., et al.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(105):63-72.
    MyJurnal
    Rapid urbanisation and industrialisation have had an adverse and deep impact on the environment contributing to global warming and climate change. These thermal environmental problems can be even more challenging to people living in regions with warm and humid climatic conditions throughout the year, such as Malaysia. This paper analyses wind characteristics and outdoor thermal comfort index at the hottest temperatures based on data recorded hourly between 2012 and 2014 for two cities in East Malaysia, namely Kuching (Sarawak) and Kota Kinabalu (Sabah). Wind characteristics were analysed using only wind velocity and direction, while the level of outdoor thermal comfort was measured using Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). The results showed that hourly average wind velocities for Kuching and Kota Kinabalu were 1.84 m/s and 2.15 m/s respectively while the highest average wind velocities was 10.1 m/s and 12.4 m/s respectively. No wind movement (i.e. 0 m/s) was recorded for both locations. The prevailing annual wind flow is generally from South-Southeast (150°) in Sarawak and from East-Southeast (110°) in Sabah. It was also found that both Kuching and Kota Kinabalu experienced strong and extreme heat stress conditions with UTCI levels of 44.8°C and 49.8°C respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that, East Malaysia faces strong and extreme heat stress conditions. This study is an original contribution on the subject of outdoor thermal environment in Malaysia, Further research to better understand outdoor thermal environmental problems is recommended.
  6. Fulltext Retinal redetachment after pneumatic retinopexy – the importance of case selection
    Muhammad Najmi, K., Aida Zairani, M.Z., Mushawiahti, M., Bastion, M.L.C., Amin, A.
    Journal of Surgical Academia, 2017;7(2):18-20.
    MyJurnal
    Pneumatic retinopexy is known as one of the treatment options for a specific type of retinal detachment. It is done in
    an office setting and may be the most cost-effective means of retinal reattachment surgery. Location and size of the
    retinal break remain as the major criteria for a successful outcome. We describe a case that fulfilled all except one
    major criteria for pneumatic retinopexy and underwent multiple procedures but failed. Fluctuation in the resolution
    of the retinal detachment such as in this particular case suggested possibility of early treatment failure.
  7. Fulltext Tracking-learning-detection using extreme learning machine with Haar-like features
    Melisa Anak Adeh, Mohd Ibrahim Shapiai, Ayman Maliha, Muhammad Hafiz Md Zaini
    Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2016;5(2):1-11.
    MyJurnal
    Nowadays, the applications of tracking moving object are commonly used in various
    areas especially in computer vision applications. There are many tracking algorithms
    have been introduced and they are divided into three groups which are generative
    trackers, discriminative trackers and hybrid trackers. One of the methods is TrackingLearning-Detection
    (TLD) framework which is an example of the hybrid trackers where
    combination between the generative trackers and the discriminative trackers occur. In
    TLD, the detector consists of three stages which are patch variance, ensemble classifier
    and KNearest Neighbor classifier. In the second stage, the ensemble classifier depends
    on simple pixel comparison hence, it is likely fail to offer a better generalization of the
    appearances of the target object in the detection process. In this paper, OnlineSequential
    Extreme Learning Machine (OS-ELM) was used to replace the ensemble
    classifier in the TLD framework. Besides that, different types of Haar-like features were
    used for the feature extraction process instead of using raw pixel value as the features.
    The objectives of this study are to improve the classifier in the second stage of detector
    in TLD framework by using Haar-like features as an input to the classifier and to get a
    more generalized detector in TLD framework by using OS-ELM based detector. The
    results showed that the proposed method performs better in Pedestrian 1 in terms of
    F-measure and also offers good performance in terms of Precision in four out of six
    videos.
  8. Fulltext Isolation of peripheral blood nucleated red blood cells from β-Thalassaemia patients using CD71 magnetic activated cell sorting
    Haiyuni Mohd Yassim, Ali, Heba, Rosline Hassan, Wan Zaidah Abdullah, Muhammad Farid Johan
    Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2017;2(202):14-16.
    MyJurnal
    The molecular biology knowledge in β-thalassaemia is limited due to the involvement of various erythropoeitic processes where the genetic information is lack due to nucleus ejection throughout the maturation of red blood cell activities concurrence with the accumulation of haemoglobin. Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) are typically found in peripheral blood (PB) of β-thalassaemia transfusion dependent patients and abundant in post splenectomy (Fig. 1A) [1]. The presence of NRBCs will provide further understanding on the molecular aspect of ineffective erythropoiesis in β-thalassaemia patients. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to isolate the NRBCs using CD71 magnetic beads from PB of β-thalassaemia patients and to compare the quantity of NRBCs enriched between non-splenectomised transfusion dependent and post-splenectomised transfusion dependent β-thalassaemia patients.
  9. Fulltext Renoprotective role of Tualang honey against high cholestrol diet induced acute kidney diseases in an animal model
    Zenab B. Hamad Mohamed, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi, Nor Zamzila Abdullah, Naznin Muhammad, Roslan Abdul Rahim
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):26-26.
    MyJurnal
    Although there is a growing insight into the causes and mechanisms of
    kidney diseases, preventive and therapeutic measures are still few. The aim of this study
    was therefore to determine the renoprotective effect of tualang honey against high
    cholesterol diet induced acute kidney disease in an animal model. (Copied from article).
  10. Fulltext Parallelogram linkage leg structure for stabilized walking gaits in humanoid robot
    Firdaus Sukarman, Mohd Ghazali Mohd Hamami, Mazleenda Mazni, Muhammad Amir Mat Shah, Ahmad Faidzal Khodori
    Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2017;9(1):22-31.
    MyJurnal
    The utilization of parallelogram structure in a small-sized humanoid robot consists of two parallel platforms that are linked serially in each leg. The thigh and shank of each leg consists of two servomotors as actuator and linked in parallel platform. By using parallel mechanism in leg structure, foot sole surface is always parallel to the walking surface at any point. Even it looks unnatural to human-like walking motion, the expected result is the robot can maintain it posture while walking and at the point foot sole touch the walking surface, unnecessary vibrates can be modulated at the certain level to remain its balance. The effectiveness and the performance of the proposed parallel platforms are experimented by using zero moment point (ZMP) method by taking various scenario data from pressure sensors attached at the footsole. Planned walking gait is introduced to be identical in terms of foot steps length and width of each leg swing. As the results, in terms of load in each actuator, required torque at servomotors can be reduced because two servomotors are used simultaneously in one parallel system. Stable walking gait can be predicted as the quantity of error falls within the error ranges from the published walking gait patterns.
  11. Fulltext Investigation of the injection moulding plastic flows behaviour of PETCylindrical containers with multiple-cavity mould
    Najiy Rizal Suriani Rizal, Muhammad Ameer Rosman, Aidah Jumahat, Noriah Yusoff
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(107):239-250.
    MyJurnal
    The study aims to investigate the effect of injection moulding parameters on plastic flows behaviour of the multiple-cavity polyethylene terephthalate (PET) cylindrical containers via injection moulding process. The motivation of this study is to present an alternative manufacturing solution to make cylindrical type containers that are commonly used in packaging beverages, such as the 330 ml standard size for packaging carbonated soft drink. The PET cylindrical container was modelled using CATIA drawing software and the injection moulding simulation process was done via Moldflow software. The investigation was done by varying two significant moulding parameters; the material melt temperature and the mould temperature. The effects of these two parameters on the PET plastic flow behaviour were studied. In particular, the simulations of the model were analysed and focused on the mould filling time as well as the moulded PET cylindrical container’s shrinkage occurrence. Three types of mould cavities structure were understudied; single-cavity, four-cavity and eight-cavity. Results show that the eight-cavity mould yielded higher production rate. The simulation results indicated that the production rate of 4-cavity and 8-cavity mould increased by 258.5% and 578.8% respectively. It was observed by increasing the melting temperature, the mould filling time is shorter and as a result, the production rate has increased by 7.75% per °C. But with this Mouldflow setting, the volumetric shrinkage and the maximum deflection have been significantly affected; increased by 23.15% and 29.26% respectively. The mould filling time and maximum deflection did not show a steady trend line however, the volumetric shrinkage increased by 7.28% per °C.
  12. Fulltext The experience of Malaysian occupational therapists in conducting home assessments and home visits with older clients
    Muhammad Hibatullah Romli, Mackenzie, Lynette, Tan, Maw Pin, Lovarini, Meryl, Clemson, Lindy
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2017;13(1):17-25.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Home visits are complex processes for clients and occupational therapists. Despite the benefits of home
    visits, the numbers of home visits being conducted are decreasing in international settings due to service constraints
    or client reluctance. Published international studies may not be applicable to Malaysia due to cultural and geodemographic
    differences relating to the home context. This study aimed to explore the experience of occupational
    therapists in Malaysia in conducting home visits. Materials and Methods: A focus group discussion was conducted
    with seven occupational therapists in one teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur. The group session was audio-recorded,
    transcribed, summarised and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Themes developed were: i) client factors
    inhibiting effective service provision, ii) uninformed policies and guidelines, and iii) professional identity and
    growth. Conclusions: Our study has revealed major challenges for Malaysian occupational therapists with regards
    to conducting home visits. Future studies should now evaluate factors underlying reluctance to participate in home
    visits and effective strategies to overcome these difficulties.
  13. Synthesis of some new 2-[4-(2-furoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-N-aryl/aralkyl acetamides as potent antibacterial agents
    Hussain G, Abbasi MA, Rehman A, Siddiqui SZ, Shah SAA, Ahmad I, et al.
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2018 May;31(3):857-866.
    PMID: 29716866
    In this work, a new series of 2-[4-(2-furoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-N-aryl/aralkyl acetamides has been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial potential. The synthesis was initiated by the reaction of different aryl/aralkyl amines (1a-u) with 2-bromoacetylbromide (2) to obtain N-aryl/aralkyl-2-bromoacetamides (3a-u). Equimolar quantities of different N-aryl/aralkyl-2-bromoacetamides (3a-u) and 2-furoyl-1-piperazine (4) was allowed to react in acetonitrile and in the presence of K2CO3, to form 2-[4-(2-furoyl)-1-piperazinyl]-N-aryl/aralkyl acetamides (5a-u). The structural elucidation was done by EI-MS, IR and 1H-NMR techniques of all the synthesized compounds. All of the synthesized molecules were active against various Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains. Among them 5o and 5c showed very excellent MIC values. The cytotoxicity of the molecules was also checked to find their utility as possible therapeutic agents, where 5c (0.51%) and 5g (1.32%) are found to be least toxic in the series.
  14. Fulltext Haemolytic Disease of Foetus and Newborn and Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction Due to Kidd antibody in Hospital Umum Sarawak, Malaysia
    Irni Mohd Yasin, Narazah Mohd Yusoff, Afifah Hassan, Muhammad Masrin Md. Zahrin
    Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2017;2(202):26-27.
    MyJurnal
    Haemolytic Disease of Foetus and Newborn (HDFN) and Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction (HTR) may occur due to antibodies against Kidd antigen. In Malaysia, the prevalence of RBC alloimmunization due to Kidd antibody for cases of HDFN and HTR have been reported [1-2] however there is insufficient data in Hospital Umum Sarawak (HUS).The aim of this study is to determine whether Kidd alloimmunization causes HDFN and HTR. Indirectly categorize Kidd phenotype blood in regular blood donors.
  15. Fulltext Mechanical behaviour and microstructure Aluminium Foam Tube Produce (AFTP) using infiltration method with vacuum-gas
    Ismail Lias, Muhammad Hussain Ismail, Iskandar Dzulkernain Md Raffee, Mohd Aman Ihsan Mamat
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(103):223-232.
    MyJurnal
    Aluminium foam tube is a metal that consists of porous medium with special characteristics such as good energy absorption, good heat transfer and high thermal conductivity. These make it suitable to be used in a wide range of applications such as in heat exchangers. The aim of this project is to identify and analyse mechanical behaviour and microstructure aluminium foam tube produced and fabricated with infiltration method with vacuum-gas. The density of aluminium foam tube was also determined and an average aluminium foam tube with porosity 50% - 80% with the average NaCl particle size 2mm, 3mm and 4mm was produced. Foams with porosity 60%-75% NaCl has higher energy absorption. These was based on foam structure, density and maximum compressive load test result.
  16. Fulltext The effect of Saccharin concentration on the electrochemical behaviour of electrodeposited Nanocrystalline Cobalt-Iron coating
    Nik Rozlin Nik Masdek, Wan Muhammad Aniq Aiman, Mardziah Che Murad, Zuraidah Salleh, Koay Mei Hyie
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(103):191-200.
    MyJurnal
    In the electrodeposition system, adding saccharin alters the properties of the metal deposits by changing the electrode kinetics of the deposited surface. In this study, nanocrystalline cobalt-iron (CoFe) coating was synthesised using the electrodeposition technique with different saccharin concentrations. The results obtained showed that the coating thickness increased while the grain size decreased from 51 nm to 40 nm when the saccharin concentration increased from 0 to 2 g/L. The nanocrystalline CoFe coating produced with 2 g/L of saccharin concentration resulted in the smallest particle size of 71.22 nm and the highest microhardness of 251.86 HV. From the salt spray test (24 and 48 hours) it was found that the use of saccharin at higher concentration of 2 g/L improves the corrosion resistance of the nanocrystalline CoFe coating significantly due to the change of surface morphology as well as the decrease in grain size.
  17. Fulltext Adaptive particle swarm optimisation for solving non-convex economic dispatch problems
    Nurhafizah Jamain, Ismail Musirin, Mohd Helmi Mansor, Muhammad Murtadha Othman, Siti Aliyah Mohd Salleh
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(103):275-286.
    MyJurnal
    This paper presents adaptive particle swarm optimization for solving non-convex economic dispatch problems. In this study, a new technique was developed known as adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO), to alleviate the problems experienced in the traditional particle swarm optimisation (PSO). The traditional PSO was reported that this technique always stuck at local minima. In APSO, economic dispatch problem are considered with valve point effects. The search efficiency was improved when a new parameter was inserted into the velocity term. This has achieved local minima. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique, this study examined two case studies, with and without contingency.
  18. Fulltext Radiological findings of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in patients with and without HIV infections
    Radhiana Hassan, Haziq Hussaini Fauzi, Kamil Irsyad Yusoff, Muhammad Faizol Mohd Satar, Hafizah Pasi
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):49-49.
    MyJurnal
    Radiological manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV positive
    patients is different with HIV negative patients. We aim to determine the differences in
    chest radiological findings of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among HIV and non-HIV infected
    patients in HTAA. (Copied from article).
  19. Fulltext Baccaurea angulata fruit juice reduces atherosclerotic lesions in diet-induced Hypercholesterolemic rabbits
    Ibrahim M, Ahmed IA, Mikail MA, Ishola AA, Draman S, Isa MLM, et al.
    Lipids Health Dis, 2017 Jul 07;16(1):134.
    PMID: 28687076 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0526-2
    BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is the most common disease of large and medium-sized arteries linked to oxidative stress, dyslipidemia as well as chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential health benefits of Baccaurea angulata (BA) fruit juice on the aorta of diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rabbits, to detect an accumulation of fatty streak and evaluate the percentage of atherosclerotic lesion accrued.

    METHODS: Thirty-five healthy male adults New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to seven different groups. Four groups were fed 1% cholesterol diet and 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mL of BA fruit juice per kg of rabbit daily (atherogenic groups), while the other three groups were fed commercial rabbit pellet and 0, 0.5, and 1.0 mL of juice per kg of rabbit daily (normocholesterolemic groups) for 90 days. The thoracic and abdominal aorta between the heart origin and bifurcation into iliac arteries of all the rabbits were carefully removed and analyzed accordingly.

    RESULTS: The supplementation of the high-cholesterol diet of hypercholesterolemic rabbits with only 0.5 mL BA/kg rabbit per day significantly (p 

  20. Fulltext Iso-Seq analysis of Nepenthes ampullaria, Nepenthes rafflesiana and Nepenthes × hookeriana for hybridisation study in pitcher plants
    Zulkapli MM, Rosli MAF, Salleh FIM, Mohd Noor N, Aizat WM, Goh HH
    Genom Data, 2017 Jun;12:130-131.
    PMID: 28529881 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2017.05.003
    Tropical pitcher plants in the species-rich Nepenthaceae family of carnivorous plants possess unique pitcher organs. Hybridisation, natural or artificial, in this family is extensive resulting in pitchers with diverse features. The pitcher functions as a passive insect trap with digestive fluid for nutrient acquisition in nitrogen-poor habitats. This organ shows specialisation according to the dietary habit of different Nepenthes species. In this study, we performed the first single-molecule real-time isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) analysis of full-length cDNA from Nepenthes ampullaria which can feed on leaf litter, compared to carnivorous Nepenthes rafflesiana, and their carnivorous hybrid Nepenthes × hookeriana. This allows the comparison of pitcher transcriptomes from the parents and the hybrid to understand how hybridisation could shape the evolution of dietary habit in Nepenthes. Raw reads have been deposited to SRA database with the accession numbers SRX2692198 (N. ampullaria), SRX2692197 (N. rafflesiana), and SRX2692196 (N. × hookeriana).
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