MATERIALS AND METHODS: The overjet (measured clinically) and electromyographical activity (rest, chew, post chew rest, clench and post clench rest) of the masseter and temporalis muscle of class II malocclusion patient were assessed in 18 patients (3 males and 15 females) from the School of Dental Science, Hospital University Sains Malaysia.
RESULTS: The results were compared by simple linear regression test to evaluate the association between overjet and muscle activity in different genders. Class II malocclusion patients with increased overjet group showed significant association with masseter muscle activity on chewing stage (P = 0.005, F = 6.081 and adj-R2 = 0.473). Left temporalis muscle in class II malocclusion showed a significant linear association (P = 0.014, F = 0.812 and adj-R2= -0.034) with gender during clench.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, class II malocclusion patient with increased overjet can affect masticatory muscle function and as well as clench force may differ in gender.
RESULTS: Of the 368 cats that were evaluated in this study, 12.2% (45/368; 95% CI = 8.88 - 15.58) were positive for FeLV p27 antigen, 31.3%, (115/368; 95% CI = 26.51 - 35.99) were seropositive to FIV antibodies, and 4.3% (16/368; 95% CI = 2.27 - 6.43) had evidence of both viruses. Factors found to significantly increase the risk for FeLV seropositivity include sex, age, behaviour, sickness, and living in a multi-cat household. Seropositive response to FIV was significantly associated with sex, neuter status, age, behaviour, and health status.
CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that FeLV and FIV are common among domestic cats in peninsular Malaysia, and that factors related to cat demographics and health such as age, sex, behaviour, health status and type of household are important predictors for seropositive status to FeLV or FIV in peninsular Malaysia. High prevalence of FeLV or FIV observed in our study is of concern, in view of the immunosuppressive potentials of the two pathogens. Specific measures for control and prevention such as screening and routine vaccination are needed to ensure that FeLV and FIV are controlled in the cat population of peninsular Malaysia.
METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. All patients with TBI requiring urgent craniotomy were identified from the operating theatre registry, and the required data were extracted from their clinical notes, including the Glasgow Outcome Score (GCS) at discharge and 6 months later. Logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with poor outcomes.
RESULTS: A total of 154 patients were included in this study. The median door-to-skin time was 605 (interquartile range = 494-766) min. At discharge, 105 patients (68.2%) had poor outcomes. At the 6-month follow-up, only 58 patients (37.7%) remained to have poor outcomes. Simple logistic regression showed that polytrauma, hypotensive episode, ventilation, severe TBI, and the door-to-skin time were significantly associated with poor outcomes. After adjustments for the clinical characteristics in the analysis, the likelihood of having poor outcomes for every minute delay in the door-to-skin time increased at discharge (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.005; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.002-1.008) and the 6-month follow-up (AOR = 1.008; 95% CI = 1.005-1.011).
CONCLUSION: The door-to-skin time is directly proportional to poor outcomes in patients with TBI. Concerted efforts from all parties involved in trauma care are essential in eliminating delays in surgical interventions and improving outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out in two local neurosurgical centres. The SPD group was performed in Hospital Umum Sarawak (HUS) and the SDD group was performed in Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru (HSAJB), from 1 January 2012 till 30 January 2014 with a total of 30 patients in both treatment groups.
RESULTS: Overall, there were no statistically significant difference in terms of patient general characteristics, pre-operative and post-operative symptoms, Markwalder grades, post-operative hematoma volume and recurrence, mortality and functional outcome at discharge and at three month follow-up between both groups. Albeit not achieving statistical significance, we observed a lower rate of surgical complication especially for post-operative intracranial hematoma with placement of the SPD system.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study concludes that both treatment methods proved to be highly effective in the treatment of CSDH. However, with a lower overall surgical complication rate, treatment with single burr-hole craniostomy, irrigation and placement of the SPD system can be considered a treatment of choice for the management of symptomatic CSDH.
METHODS: Patients were selected randomly by convenience sampling. One hundred and twenty-four patients were included in the study. The mean age was 40.3 ± 18.5 years (95% CI: 37.2 to 43.8).
RESULTS: Among the common clinical problems were abdominal discomfort (23%), diarrhoea and vomiting (13%) and fever (13%). Reasons for OW admission included diagnostic uncertainty (63%) and short course of treatment (33%). The mean length of stay was 4.1 ± 1.8 hours (95% CI=3.8 to 4.4 hours). Most of the patients (85%) were discharged.
CONCLUSIONS: The OW of HUSM is effective in managing adult patients as determined by the hospitalisation rate and the length of stay.
METHODS: This current study involved two steps, where forward translation, backward translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and test of a pre-final version of the ROF scale were conducted in the first step. Content validity, face validity, and construct validity of the ROF scale were performed in five stages. This study enlisted the help of eight experts to create the ROF scale in the Kannada language. Moreover, 50 patients participated by responding to a variety of Likert scale and numeric scale questionnaires that surveyed the intention of measuring the ROF scale. The content validity and face validity were assessed by using the index prepared for the content validity and face validity, respectively, along with mean and standard deviation (SD). The correlation between the Kannada version of the ROF measure and a numerical rating scale-facial rating scale (NRS-FRS) was assessed by the Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC). Moreover, a comparison of the mean value of ROF and NRS-FRS was performed by the paired t-test.
RESULTS: The Kannada version of the ROF scale was prepared after getting consensus from all the experts. The fatigue questionnaire met a high level of expert content validity (0.93) and showed that most experts opined high relevance (1.00) for measuring dental fatigue. The fatigue questionnaire meets a high level of response in face validity (0.92) based on the face validity indices. PCC showed a high level of construct validity (r = 0.819) of the ROF scale. No significant difference (P = 0.858) was observed between ROF and NRS-FRS by the paired t-test.
CONCLUSION: The Kannada version of the ROF scale is a valid tool to assess dental fatigue.
METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL, following the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Data extraction and analysis were performed using JBI SUMARI software, focusing on peer-reviewed published literature reporting the use of TDR and participatory approaches in NTDs, with an emphasis on individual and community perspectives.
RESULTS: The review examined seventeen articles from Africa, Asia, South America, and Australia, highlighting the increasing use of TDR and participatory approaches to address common NTDs such as leprosy, schistosomiasis, rabies, Buruli ulcer, and trypanosomiasis. These approaches engaged diverse stakeholders to develop practical, community-oriented solutions. Key strategies included enhancing public awareness, improving screening programmes, and implementing measures to control NTDs. However, challenges such as fragmented strategies and weak health systems hindered efforts to reduce the burden of NTDs.
CONCLUSION: TDR and participatory approaches contribute to a holistic approach in addressing and managing NTD-related challenges by engaging diverse stakeholders and fostering a comprehensive understanding of community needs and on-the-ground realities. The findings demonstrate their effectiveness in translating evidence-informed knowledge into actionable interventions to benefit affected individuals and their communities.