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Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptoms and associated risk factors among medical students, Saudi Arabia

Atta MM, Sayed MH, Zayed MA, Alsulami SA, Al-Maghrabi AT, Kelantan AY

Int J Gen Med, 2019;12:293-298.
PMID: 31692498 DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S206995

Background and aims: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common gastrointestinal disease worldwide that is associated with impaired quality of life and higher risk of complications. The identification of risk factors is necessary for preventive measures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of GERD symptoms as well as its relation to body mass index (BMI) and other risk factors among medical students of Jeddah and Rabigh branches, King Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia.
Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia. The study included 197 medical students from Rabigh and Jeddah branches of the university. The study employed a Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire which is derived from a self-administered validated GERD questionnaire (GerdQ).
Results: The prevalence of GERD symptoms was 25.9%. The most frequent symptoms were regurgitation and burning sensation. High BMI, family history, energy drinks and fried food were found to be statistically significant risk factors (p<0.05) by univariate analysis. However, the logistic regression for the prediction of GERD symptoms among medical students showed that only family history had a significant correlation (p<0.05).
Conclusion: GERD symptoms were common in medical students of King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. Family history was found to be a significant predictor of GERD symptoms. Effective educational strategies for groups with significant risk factors of GERD need to be implemented.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
International consensus on patient-centred outcomes in eating disorders

Austin A, De Silva U, Ilesanmi C, Likitabhorn T, Miller I, Sousa Fialho MDL, et al.

Lancet Psychiatry, 2023 Dec;10(12):966-973.
PMID: 37769672 DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(23)00265-1

The effectiveness of mental health care can be improved through coordinated and wide-scale outcome measurement. The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement has produced collaborative sets of outcome measures for various mental health conditions, but no universal guideline exists for eating disorders. This Position Paper presents a set of outcomes and measures for eating disorders as determined by 24 international experts from professional and lived experience backgrounds. An adapted Delphi technique was used, and results were assessed through an open review survey. Final recommendations suggest outcomes should be tracked across four domains: eating disorder behaviours and cognitions, physical health, co-occurring mental health conditions, and quality of life and social functioning. Outcomes are collected using three to five patient-reported measures. For children aged between 6 years and 12 years, the measures include the Children's Eating Attitude Test (or, for those with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, the Eating Disorder in Youth Questionnaire), the KIDSCREEN-10, and the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Screener-25. For adolescents aged between 13 years and 17 years, the measures include the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q; or, for avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, the Nine-Item Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screener [NIAS]), the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the two-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2), the seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and the KIDSCREEN-10. For adults older than 18 years, measures include the EDE-Q (or, for avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, the NIAS), the PHQ-2, the PHQ-9, the GAD-2, the GAD-7, the Clinical Impairment Assessment, and the 12-item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. These questionnaires should be supplemented by information on patient characteristics and circumstances (ie, demographic, historical, and clinical factors). International adoption of these guidelines will allow comparison of research and clinical interventions to determine which settings and interventions work best, and for whom.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
Fulltext Impact of connecting tuberculosis directly observed therapy short-course with smoking cessation on health-related quality of life

Awaisu A, Haniki Nik Mohamed M, Noordin NM, Muttalif AR, Aziz NA, Syed Sulaiman SA, et al.

Tob Induc Dis, 2012 Feb 28;10:2.
PMID: 22373470 DOI: 10.1186/1617-9625-10-2

BACKGROUND: With evolving evidence of association between tuberculosis (TB) and tobacco smoking, recommendations for the inclusion of tobacco cessation interventions in TB care are becoming increasingly important and more widely disseminated. Connecting TB and tobacco cessation interventions has been strongly advocated as this may yield better outcomes. However, no study has documented the impact of such connection on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The objective of this study was to document the impact of an integrated TB directly observed therapy short-course (DOTS) plus smoking cessation intervention (SCI) on HRQoL.
METHODS: This was a multi-centered non-randomized controlled study involving 120 TB patients who were current smokers at the time of TB diagnosis in Malaysia. Patients were assigned to either of two groups: the usual TB-DOTS plus SCI (SCIDOTS group) or the usual TB-DOTS only (DOTS group). The effect of the novel strategy on HRQoL was measured using EQ-5D questionnaire. Two-way repeated measure ANOVA was used to examine the effects.
RESULTS: When compared, participants who received the integrated intervention had a better HRQoL than those who received the usual TB care. The SCIDOTS group had a significantly greater increase in EQ-5D utility score than the DOTS group during 6 months follow-up (mean ± SD = 0.98 ± 0.08 vs. 0.91 ± 0.14, p = 0.006). Similarly, the mean scores for EQ-VAS showed a consistently similar trend as the EQ-5D indices, with the scores increasing over the course of TB treatment. Furthermore, for the EQ-VAS, there were significant main effects for group [F (1, 84) = 4.91, p = 0.029, η2 = 0.06], time [F (2, 168) = 139.50, p = < 0.001, η2 = 0.62] and group x time interaction [F (2, 168) = 13.89, p = < 0.001, η2 = 0.14].
CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the evidence that an integrated TB-tobacco treatment strategy could potentially improve overall quality of life outcomes among TB patients who are smokers.
Study site: Five chest clinics, Hospitals in Pulau Pinang, Bukit Mertajam, Seberang Jaya, Sungai Bakap, and Institut Perubatan Respirotori, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
Fulltext Anemia among Men in Malaysia: A Population-Based Survey in 2019

Awaluddin SM, Shahein NA, Che Abdul Rahim N, Mohd Zaki NA, Nasaruddin NH, Saminathan TA, et al.

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 Oct 17;18(20).
PMID: 34682667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010922

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and factors associated with anemia among men in Malaysia. The researchers used data from the 2019 National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS). The hemoglobin levels of men aged 15 years and above who gave their consent was measured using the HemoCue® Hb 201+ System©. The majority of them (87.2%) were men aged 15-59 years, referred to as the younger age group in this study. The prevalence of anemia among men was 12.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 10.9, 14.5). The prevalence was higher among older men (30.7%; 95% CI: 26.6, 35.1) than younger men (10.0%; 95% CI: 8.2, 12.2). Anemia among men was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 3.1; 95% CI: 2.1, 4.4) and those with diabetes (aOR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.1) via a logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, older men were more affected by anemia than younger men in this study. Anemia among older men in Malaysia is at the level of moderate to severe public health significance. The likelihood of developing anemia is increased among older men with diabetes compared to older men without diabetes. These often-overlooked issues among men need to be detected and treated early in order to prevent complications and improve their quality of life.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
Fulltext Circadian rhythm in systemic autoimmune conditions: Potential of chrono-immunology in clinical practice: A narrative review

Awuah WA, Huang H, Kalmanovich J, Mehta A, Mikhailova T, Ng JC, et al.

Medicine (Baltimore), 2023 Aug 11;102(32):e34614.
PMID: 37565922 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034614

The circadian rhythm (CR) is a fundamental biological process regulated by the Earth's rotation and solar cycles. It plays a critical role in various bodily functions, and its dysregulation can have systemic effects. These effects impact metabolism, redox homeostasis, cell cycle regulation, gut microbiota, cognition, and immune response. Immune mediators, cycle proteins, and hormones exhibit circadian oscillations, supporting optimal immune function and defence against pathogens. Sleep deprivation and disruptions challenge the regulatory mechanisms, making immune responses vulnerable. Altered CR pathways have been implicated in diseases such as diabetes, neurological conditions, and systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs). SADs involve abnormal immune responses to self-antigens, with genetic and environmental factors disrupting self-tolerance and contributing to conditions like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Inflammatory Myositis. Dysregulated CR may lead to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, contributing to the systemic responses observed in SADs. Sleep disturbances significantly impact the quality of life of patients with SADs; however, they are often overlooked. The relationship between sleep and autoimmune conditions, whether causal or consequential to CR dysregulation, remains unclear. Chrono-immunology investigates the role of CR in immunity, offering potential for targeted therapies in autoimmune conditions. This paper provides an overview of the connections between sleep and autoimmune conditions, highlighting the importance of recognizing sleep disturbances in SADs and the need for further research into the complex relationship between the CR and autoimmune diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext Reliability and validity of the Malay version chronic respiratory questionnaire for used among COPD patients

Ayiesah Ramli, Teh, Zi Ying, Khatijahbe Mohd Ali, Roslina Abdul Manap

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2014;10(2):83-89.
MyJurnal

Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) is one of the disease-specific questionnaires to assess health related quality of life (HRQoL) among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Objectives: This study investigate the validity and reliability of Malay version CRQ among COPD patients. Methods: The CRQ was administered twice to 46 patients with COPD (mean FEV1 44% predicted, FEV1/ IVC 37% predicted) from Medical Center of University Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM).Test-retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Internal consistency was determined using Crohnbach’s alpha coefficients (α = 0.7). Spearman’s correlation coefficient was done among the scores of CRQ, St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and six- minute walking test (6MWT) to examine the concurrent validity of the CRQ (p 0.70) was observed for 3 domains of CRQ with exception of dyspnoea domain (α = -0.631). Test retest reliability demonstrated strong correlation (ICC >0.80). Concurrent validity of CRQ, showed significant correlations observed between domain of SGRQ’s symptom, impact and total scores of SGRQ with CRQ’s dyspnoea and emotional function (-0.3< r < -0.4; p

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext A measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of COPD patients following pulmonary rehabilitation program with two health index questionnaire (SF-36 and SGRQ)

Ayiesah, R., Riza, S.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2012;8(1):21-26.
MyJurnal

The health related quality of life (HRQoL) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients is greatly influenced by their health status. The Health Index Questionnaire - Short Form 36 (SF-36) and St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) are commonly used to assess the HRQoL of COPD patients. Objective: This study investigates differences in HRQoL following sessions of pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) with a control group (CG) that had no intervention. Method: This quasi-experimental study involving 17 subjects assigned to the CG and 16 subjects in the intervention group (IG). Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant authority. Both groups were given the health index questionnaires- SF-36 and SGRQ prior and 5 weeks after the intervention. The CG only had medication while the IG performed exercises (cycling, treadmill walking, upper limb strengthening exercise and stair climbing exercise). Results: Data analysis using SPANOVA demonstrated significant improvement in HRQoL measured from SF-36 in domains of bodily pain (p=0.005), vitality (p=0.021) and mental health (p=0.002) in IG unlike the CG. Similarly, SGRQ, also shows improvement in symptom (p=0.028), activity (p=0.004) and total score (p=0.012. Conclusion: The 5 weeks pulmonary rehabilitation program demonstrated improvement in HRQoL among COPD
patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Validation of the Iranian/Persian Version of the Perceived Therapeutic Efficacy Scale for Type 2 Diabetes

Azami G, Lam SK, Shariff-Ghazali S, Said SM, Aazami S, Mozafari M, et al.

Arch Iran Med, 2018 08 01;21(8):356-361.
PMID: 30113857

BACKGROUND: The theory if self-efficacy is the central concept of social cognitive theory with emphasis on the constructs of efficacy expectation, outcome expectation. Efficacy expectation is defined as the person's confidence to carry out a specific behavior. Outcome expectation is beliefs that carrying out a specific behavior will lead to a specific outcome. While the benefit of measuring outcome expectations has been established, there has been no large scale within the Iranian context. The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability-validity of the Persian version of the Perceived Therapeutic Efficacy Scale (PTES).
METHODS: This study was conducted among 160 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a self-administered instrument measuring outcome expectation. We used a methodological study design to assess the validity and reliability of the translated Persian version of the instrument.
RESULTS: The findings of the present study support the uni-dimensionality of the Persian version of the instrument. The 10 items of the scale account for 73.54% of the total variance and the un-rotated factor loadings ranged from 0.66 to 0.93. Moreover, this study offers support for convergent validity and internal consistency of the scale.
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated good convergent validity, factor structure and internal consistency in a sample of 160 Iranian adults with T2DM. Therefore, the Persian version of the scale is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used in research and clinical settings.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life/psychology*
Fulltext Effect of a Nurse-Led Diabetes Self-Management Education Program on Glycosylated Hemoglobin among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Azami G, Soh KL, Sazlina SG, Salmiah MS, Aazami S, Mozafari M, et al.

J Diabetes Res, 2018;2018:4930157.
PMID: 30225268 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4930157

In recent years, great emphasis has been placed on the role of nonpharmacological self-management in the care of patients with diabetes. Studies have reported that nurses, compared to other healthcare professionals, are more likely to promote preventive healthcare seeking behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a nurse-led diabetes self-management education on glycosylated hemoglobin. A two-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial with the blinded outcome assessors was designed. One hundred forty-two adults with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive either usual diabetes care (control group) or usual care plus a nurse-led diabetes self-management education (intervention group). Duration of the intervention was 12 weeks. The primary outcome was glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c values). Secondary outcomes were changes in blood pressure, body weight, lipid profiles, self-efficacy (efficacy expectation and outcome expectation), self-management behaviors, quality of life, social support, and depression. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at 12-week and 24-week postrandomizations. Patients in the intervention group showed significant improvement in HbA1c, blood pressure, body weight, efficacy expectation, outcome expectation, and diabetes self-management behaviors. The beneficial effect of a nurse-led intervention continued to accrue beyond the end of the trial resulting in sustained improvements in clinical, lifestyle, and psychosocial outcomes. This trial is registered with IRCT2016062528627N1.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext The SAFE (SGRQ score, air-flow limitation and exercise tolerance) Index: a new composite score for the stratification of severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Azarisman MS, Fauzi MA, Faizal MP, Azami Z, Roslina AM, Roslan H

Postgrad Med J, 2007 Jul;83(981):492-7.
PMID: 17621621

BACKGROUND: This study was proposed to develop a composite of outcome measures using forced expiratory volume percentage of predicted, exercise capacity and quality of life scores for assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients with COPD were enrolled into a prospective, observational study at the respiratory outpatient clinic, National University Hospital Malaysia (Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia--HUKM), Kuala Lumpur.
RESULTS: Our study found modest correlation between the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), 6 min walk distance and the SGRQ scores with mean (SD) values of 0.97 (0.56) litres/s, 322 (87) m and 43.7 (23.6)%, respectively. K-Means cluster analysis identified four distinct clusters which reached statistical significance which was refined to develop a new cumulative staging system. The SAFE Index score correlated with the number of exacerbations in 2 years (r = 0.497, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: We have developed the SGRQ, Air-Flow limitation and Exercise tolerance Index (SAFE Index) for the stratification of severity in COPD. This index incorporates the SGRQ score, the FEV(1) % predicted and the 6 min walk distance. The SAFE Index is moderately correlated with the number of disease exacerbations.
Study site: Respiratory clinic, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext Childhood atopic dermatitis: a measurement of quality of life and family impact

Aziah MSN, Rosnah T, Mardziah A, Norzila MZ

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Sep;57(3):329-39.
PMID: 12440273 MyJurnal

Atopic dermatitis is the commonest skin disease in children, causing psychological, social and functional disability to them and their families. This study assessed the family impact and quality of life using the translated Malay version of The Dermatology Family Impact (DFI) and The Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) questionnaires. Seventy-two children, aged between 6 months and 16 years attending the Paediatric Dermatology Clinic at the Paediatric Institute and the Dermatology Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur participated in this study. Thirty-nine patients (54.2%) were males and 33 patients (45.8%) were females. The median age of the patients was 74 months (Q1 6, Q3 104 months). The median age of diagnosis was 22 months (Q1 1, Q3 36 months). The median disease duration was 44 months (Q1 3, Q3 65). The severity of eczema was assessed using the SCORAD severity index (maximum score = 83). The median SCORAD (European Task Force On Atopic Dermatitis) score was 36 (n = 72, SD = 16.2). The majority of patients in this study suffered from moderately severe eczema (n = 40, mean, SCORAD = 29.3) followed by severe eczema (n = 27, mean SCORAD = 54.3). The mildly affected patients formed the minority group (n = 5, mean SCORAD = 9.0). The family impact was shown to be greater in severe atopic dermatitis compared to moderate atopic dermatitis (Anova, p = 0.02). The children's quality of life impairment was also greater in severe atopic dermatitis compared to moderate atopic dermatitis (Anova p = 0.08). This study confirms that quality of life and family impact are related to the severity of atopic dermatitis.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life/psychology*
Early Detection of High-frequency Presbycusis Among Normal Hearing Individuals

Aziz A, Md Daud MK, Nik Othman NA, Abd Rahman N

Otol Neurotol, 2020 09;41(8):e989-e992.
PMID: 32472918 DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002725

BACKGROUND: Presbycusis is an age-related sensorineural hearing loss and it may reduce quality of life. We conducted a study to establish the prevalence of high-frequency presbycusis in normal hearing individuals and to validate the role of extended high-frequency distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) in the screening.
METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 205 normal hearing adult participants with an age range between 25 and 54 years old. Hearing analysis with extended high-frequency pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and high-frequency DPOAE was carried out for all eligible participants. High-frequency presbycusis was considered to be present when the impairment of more than 25 dB occurs at higher than 8 kHz frequencies on both ears.
RESULTS: Prevalence of high-frequency presbycusis using extended PTA was 31.7 (95% CI: 25.3, 38.1) and using high-frequency DPOAE was 57.4 (95% CI: 50.7, 64.4). The sensitivity and specificity of high-frequency DPOAE in detecting high-frequency presbycusis were 72.3 and 49.3% respectively with positive predictive value of 39.8% and negative predictive value of 79.3%. The association between age and high-frequency presbycusis was significant based on high-frequency DPOAE (p = 0.029).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of high-frequency hearing loss is higher with increasing in age. High-frequency DPOAE may be used as a screening tool followed by confirmation using extended PTA. The early detection of presbycusis is important so that measures can be taken to prevent more severe problems developing.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext Qualitative exploration of the modifiable factors for medication adherence among subsidised and self-paying patients in Malaysia

Aziz H, Hatah E, Makmor-Bakry M, Islahudin F, Ahmad Hamdi N, Mok Pok Wan I

BMC Health Serv Res, 2018 08 06;18(1):605.
PMID: 30081892 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3417-y

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have evaluated the related factors of medication adherence among patients with chronic disease. However, the factors influencing medication adherence and non-adherence among subsidised patients with chronic diseases-for whom medication costs may not be a constraint-remain unexplored. Thus, this study aims to identify and compare the potential factors that may influence subsidised and non-subsidised (i.e., self-paying) patients' adherence to medication.
METHODS: Subsidised and self-paying patients were identified at public and private healthcare institutions in three states of Malaysia. Patients were then purposively selected for semi-structured, face-to-face interviews according to their medication adherence status (including adherent and non-adherent patients), which was measured using the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS). Adherence was defined as having 80% or more for the percentage of days in which the dose regimen was executed as prescribed. The interview was conducted from January to August 2016 and during the interviews, patients were asked to provide reasons for their medication adherence or non-adherence. The patient interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using thematic analysis with NVivo 11 software.
RESULTS: Thirteen subsidised and 12 self-paying patients were interviewed. The themes found among subsidised and self-paying patients were similar. The factors that influenced adherence to medication include the 'perceived importance of quality of life' and 'perceived benefit or value of the medications'. A unique factor reported by patients in this study included 'perceived value of the money spent on medications'; more specifically, patients adhered to their medications because they valued the money spent to buy/receive the medications.
CONCLUSION: Medication adherence among subsidised and self-paying patients was influenced by many factors, including a unique factor relating to their perceptions of the value of money spent on medications.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext The relationship between socio-demographic and illness-related variables with the quality of life among Malaysian adolescent with thalassaemia: a multi-centre study

Azizah Othman, Qarem Mohamed Mustafa, Ariffin Nasir, Norsarwany Mohamad, Nurul Shafira Adi, Nurul Ilyana Hashim, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018;24(1):15-26.
MyJurnal

Thalassaemia is a life-long illness that exists globally. The quality of life of adolescents with thalassaemia could differ based on the health policies of a specific region, existing levelof socio-economic development and the illness related variables. This study examines the relationship between socio-demographic and disease-related variables with the quality of life among adolescents with thalassaemia involving multiple treatment centers spread throughout various locations in Malaysia. Participants included 218 adolescents (male=108; female 112) with mean age of 13.86 (SD=2.40). They completed the questionnaire consisting of demographic information, illness-related variables, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL). The participants in this study was found to have higher total summary score (Mean = 69.64, SD = 14.03), psychosocial health (Mean = 70.23, SD = 14.91), emotional (Mean = 72.12, SD = 20.66), social (Mean = 79.82, SD = 17.37), and school (Mean = 58.69, SD = 16.77) functioning but with lower physical health (Mean = 68.50, SD = 17.22) as compared to previous study that was done in Kuala Lumpur. Findings also shows a significant positive correlation between level of education and frequency of hospitalization (r = .156, p < 0.05), frequency of transfusion (r = .152, p < 0.05), and physical health (r = .186, p < 0.01). An increase in the frequency of transfusion was found to significantly increase social functioning (r = .137, p < 0.05). Other significant correlations are discussed in addition to the quality of life experienced by patients with thalassaemia in different region of theworld.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Effects of a Behavioral and Exercise Program on Depression and Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Controlled, Quasi-Experimental Study

Azizan A, Justine M

J Gerontol Nurs, 2016 Feb;42(2):45-54.
PMID: 26651863 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20151124-01

Sedentary behavior and low participation in exercise among older adults can lead to depression and low quality of life (QOL). The current study investigated the effects of behavioral and exercise programs on depression severity and QOL among Malaysian community-dwelling older adults. A controlled, quasi-experimental, pre-posttest design was used. A total of 63 participants were divided into three groups: (a) exercise and behavior group (EBG), (b) exercise only group (EG), and (c) control group (CG). Results showed a significant difference in depression among groups (F(2,58) = 33.49, p < 0.01, η(2) = 0.54; mean, EBG < EG < CG) and in physical (F(2,58) = 5.33, p < 0.01, η(2)= 0.16; mean, EBG > EG > CG) and mental (F(2,58) = 4.08, p < 0.01, η(2) = 0.12; mean, EBG > CG > EG) scores of QOL. A combination of behavioral and exercise programs has superior effects on depression and QOL of older adults. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 42(2), 45-54.].

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
Fulltext Reasons for seeking dental care among adults at an academic dental centre and the associated factors

Azlan Jaafar, Wan Mohamad Nasir, Nazirah Ab Mumin, Nur Najwa Athirah Elias, Muhaimin Afnan Mohd Sabri

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2018;13(2):1-8.
MyJurnal

One of the roles expected of dental personnel is to promote dental seeking behaviour to the public. It is to ensure that adults maintain an optimum number of teeth for overall health and quality of life by enabling them to eat, speak and socialise without pain, discomfort or embarrassment. The objective of this study was to determine the reasons for seeking dental care and the factors that influence this decision among adult patients. This was a retrospective study of clinical records among patients of 18 years old and above who attended Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) Dental Polyclinic, an academic dental centre, for the first time from January 2015 to December 2016. Socio-demographic data on age, gender and occupation as well as the reason for the visit were retrieved from the clinical records. Analysis of data was conducted using SPSS software version 21.0 and the pvalue was set at p

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext Depression and loneliness/social isolation among patients with cognitive impairment in nursing home

Azlina Wati Nikmat, Nurul Azreen Hashim, Siti Aminah Omar, Salmi Razali

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2015;16(2):222-231.
MyJurnal

The evaluation of mental health among older adults has become increasingly important in health and social science. Although this has been studied in developed countries, there are also issues for emerging countries, which have aging populations. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of loneliness/social isolation and late-life depression among older adults with cognitive impairment living in institutional care. Methods: A cross sectional survey involving residents of four government nursing homes in West Malaysia was carried out. All residents aged 60 years old and above with cognitive impairment were included in the study. Participants were assessed by the Short Mini Mental State Examination (SMMSE), Friendship Scale (FS) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: The prevalence of depression and loneliness/social isolation were 85.5% and 95.5% respectively. Depression was strongly associated with age, education attainment, financial conditions, health, cognitive impairment and loneliness/social isolation. Loneliness/social isolation was strongly associated to depression and relationship satisfaction with children. Conclusion: There was high prevalence of depression and loneliness/social isolation among older adults with cognitive impairment living in institutional care. Depression and loneliness/social isolation are interrelated and influence each other and these problems need to be addressed to improve their quality of life.
Device, Questionnaire & Scale: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE-12); Friendship Scale (FS); Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Fulltext Quality of life of the Malaysian general population: results from a postal survey using the SF-36

Azman AB, Sararaks S, Rugayah B, Low LL, Azian AA, Geeta S, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):694-711.
PMID: 15190656 MyJurnal

Population norms for Health Related Quality of Life using SF-36 are described. A national sample was canvassed in 2000 using a self-administered SF-36 in Bahasa Malaysia and English. Response rate was 30.6%, with 3072 usable data. Male: Female ratio was 1.04 and mean age was 39.8 years. Quality of life was affected by age and sex. Older population and women had a poorer quality of life. Population norms for Malaysia differed from those of US, Canada and Australia. The malaysian general population norm described is useful as reference point for studies in Malaysia. Variability in scores by age and sex emphasize the need to use appropriate age- or sex-specific normative data.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life*
Enteral glutamine supplementation in surgical patients with head and neck malignancy: A randomized controlled trial

Azman M, Mohd Yunus MR, Sulaiman S, Syed Omar SN

Head Neck, 2015 Dec;37(12):1799-807.
PMID: 24992652 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23839

Glutamine supplementation is a novel approach to perioperative nutritional management.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life
Quality of life by stage of cervical cancer among Malaysian patients

Azmawati MN, Najibah E, Hatta MD, Norfazilah A

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014;15(13):5283-6.
PMID: 25040989

Stage of cervical cancer may adversely affect the quality of life (QOL) among patients. The objective of this study was to predict the QOL among cervical cancer patients by the stage of their cancer. A cross-sectional study from September 2012 until January 2013 was conducted among cervical cancer patients who completed treatment. All patients completed a interviewer-guided questionnaire comprising four sections: (A) socio- demographic data, (B) medical history, (C) QOL measured by general health status questionnaire (QLQ-30) and (D) cervical cancer specific module CX-24 (EORTC) was used to measured patient's functional, symptom scale and their global health status. Results showed that global health status, emotional functioning and pain score were higher in stage III cervical cancer patients while role functioning was higher in stage I cervical cancer patients. Patients with stage IV cancer have a lower mean score in global health status (adjusted b-22.0, 95 CI% -35.6, -8.49) and emotional functioning (adjusted b -22.5, 95 CI% -38.1, -6.69) while stage III had lower mean score in role functioning (adjusted b -14.3, 95 CI% -25.4, -3.21) but higher mean score in pain (adjusted b 22.1, 95 CI% 8.56, 35.7). In conclusion, stage III and IV cervical cancers mainly affect the QOL of cervical cancer patients. Focus should be given to these subgroups to help in improving the QOL.

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life/psychology*

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