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  1. Fulltext Anterior Myocardial Infarction Associated with Myocardial Bridging in a Young Man
    Ngow, H.A., Wan Khairina, W.M.N.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2010;9(2):67-70.
    MyJurnal
    A 43-year-old man presented with acute extensive anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. During coronary angiogram, a segment of myocardial bridging was noted in the mid-segment of left anterior descending artery. The association of myocardial bridging and an anterior ST segment elevation is rarely reported in the medical literature. Myocardial bridging is caused by systolic compression of a coronary artery by overlying myocardium tissue. It is a rare coronary artery anomaly, which usually has a benign prognosis despite some case reports of myocardial ischemia leading to myocardial infarction, lethal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We report one such case of myocardial bridging that was complicated with acute extensive anterior myocardial infarction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease
  2. Fulltext What health management topic frequently appeared in the New England Medical Journal (NEMI)? : a systemic review
    Khalib, A.L., Nirmalini, R.
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2008;14(2):31-35.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction : It is no doubt that the success of any health organization depends so closely on its managerial functions. To achieve this, the leader or manager as the core strategist of its organization must in all time be updated with the latest evidence-based information so that he or she can be easily operationalized his or her management function in more effective and sustainable manners. It depends largely on scientific literatures that published relevant articles within this scope. Unfortunately, management topics related to health care system is scattered published and this has indirectly affect manager to access the latest scientific documents.
    Methods : We examined the practice of well known international journal in health care namely New England Medical Journal (NEMJ) on its role in propagating latest health management topics to its prospective clients.
    Results : The result showed that a total of 31% health management topics were published throughout 2007 out of 1140 articles appeared. Of these, about 33% were confined to general health administration. The remaining articles were related to healthcare delivery practices (24%), medical ethics and legal matters (17% each), and manpower issues and training (9%).
    Conclusion : Focus on managerial related articles relatively low as compared to clinical and other evidence-based medicine that clearly dominated health management issues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  3. Fulltext Stres di kalangan pesakit diabetis mellitus dengan komplikasi di Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu, Kelantan
    Jamsiah, M., Zurainatual Irwani, I., Sh Ezat, W.P., Shamsul, S.A., Rahmah, M.A.
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2009;15(1):39-46.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction : Studies on stress among diabetic patients with complications are not much conducted locally. In this study the researchers would like to find out the magnitude of the problem among the Malaysian.
    Methodology : A cross- sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of stress and its associated factors among the diabetes mellitus patients with complications at Raja Perempuan Zainab II Hospital, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The translated Personal Stress Inventory questionairse was used to measure the stress among the respondents.
    Finding : The prevalence of stress was 36.8%. The study showed that the employment status of respondents has significant association with stress in which higher numbers of unemployed respondents were stressed as compared to the employed respondents. Other sociodemographic factors, namely duration of having diabetes mellitus and type of complications developed by the patients were not significant.
    Conclusion : Once the poor and unemployed patients were diagnosed to have diabetes mellitus either with or without complication, the health staffs should refer them immediately to the relevant agencies for help. By doing so, these patients could be prevented from having stress later. Outreach programmes in the community should be carried out regularly for an early detection and treatment of chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus to prevent patients from developing any complication.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  4. Fulltext The relevance of micrornas in vascular aging
    Wong PF, Jong HL
    JUMMEC, 2014;17(2):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded non-coding RNAs that control gene expression by annealing to complementary sequences in mRNAs. They are estimated to regulate at least one third of human transcripts and hence, manipulation of these miRNAs can profoundly affect the proteome and ultimately cellular phenotypes. A substantial amount of work has shed light on the crucial roles of miRNAs in diseases. miRNA expression profiles between normal and diseased tissues have identified miRNA signature patterns that correlate to disease development and progression. This review discusses some of the important miRNAs that are involved in endothelial cell senescence and dysfunction that contribute to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Progression
  5. Fulltext Dengue: an overview
    Sekaran SD, Rathakrishnan A, Yeo ASL
    JUMMEC, 2014;17(2):23-32.
    MyJurnal
    Dengue is one of the highest occurring vector-borne diseases. It is caused by dengue viruses 1- 4. Currently, the disease is classified into dengue with or without warning signs and severe dengue based on WHO 2009 dengue classification. As of today, neither specific drugs nor commercial vaccine exist for dengue. The best treatment yet would be support, management and proper medical care. With no pathognomonic features that could differentiate it from other febrile illnesses, clinical diagnosis alone is insufficient. Yet, despite the current advances and existence of various laboratory diagnostic methods of dengue, a consensus singular method has not been established. There are several hypotheses or theories regarding the vaguely understood immunopathogenesis of dengue. Amongst these are the viral factors, host-immune factors and host-genetic factors. In addition to these, the occurrence of asymptomatic dengue has further complicated the disease. However, these individuals provide opportunities in the search for protective factors against dengue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  6. Role of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype in neuroprotection: an overview
    Muthuraju, S., Abdullah, J.M.
    Orient Neuron Nexus, 2011;2(1):10-14.
    MyJurnal
    Neuronal cell death results from various circumstances such as hypoxia, ischemic and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). In these events, the resulting modification of neurotransmitters, either excitatory or inhibitory, mediate much of the neuronal damage. However, this consequence depends upon their pre and post synaptic receptor activities which are the key mechanism for signal regulation. Among these, acetylcholine (ACh) is a well known neurotransmitter which is predominantly involved in neuroprotection as well as cognitive functions through its receptors activity, particularly the nicotinic subtypes. Several lines of evidence suggest that among these subtypes, a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (a7nAChR) offers much promise for neuroprotective role in relation to the central nervous system (CNS) disorders like schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several lines of evidence exist to show the potential mechanisms in which this nAChR subtype and its agonists such as nicotine, that trigger the a7nAChR-mediated suppression of neuronal cell death. This review focuses on the potential role of a7nAChR in neuroprotection by examining recent experimental data, both in vitro and in vivo, that argue for the neuroprotective role of a7nAChR in the CNS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease
  7. Fulltext Physical training improved cardiovascular fitness level among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
    Vengatasubramani, M., Vikram, M.
    Medicine & Health, 2014;9(2):109-113.
    MyJurnal
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are reported to have cardiovascular instability which leads to greater limitation for activities there by leads to poor quality of life. Physical training proved to be one of the moderators of these limitations. However, uncertainty prevails among the protocol and duration. The present study investigated the effect of physical training on blood pressure, heart rate and Rate pressure Product (RPP) among COPD patients. A total of thirty COPD patients aged between 40 to 55 years were recruited for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were assigned in to experimental group (15 patients) and control group (15 patients). The mean difference of blood pressure, heart rate and RPP were analyzed using paired t-test. There was significant difference between the pre and post test values of all parameters between experimental and control group with p< 0.05. Diastolic blood pressure showed to be less significant compared to the systolic blood pressure. This showed that specifically designed physical improved the cardiovascular fitness among COPD patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
  8. Fulltext Interpersonal touch: the lost art of mankind - a review
    Choy, H.H., Khalib, A.L.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2013;13(1):48-58.
    MyJurnal
    Surprisingly little was known about the importance of touch in life which was placed at a lower emphasis than the rest-namely visual, auditory, olfactory sense and etc. This writing aimed to decipher the significances of interpersonal touch, its culture, practices, barriers and challenges, which were then conveyed to the public as a form of health promotion. Methodology includes narrative review where the suitable literatures used were searched using ScienceDirect database under the keywords of “Interpersonal Touch”, “Oxytocin” and “Touch”. In this review, we have highlighted some of the most critical points which should have been promoted to the public. For example, touch satisfies individual psychosomatic and psychosocial needs. It forms a non-verbal communication culture which interacts about emotions, trust, compliance and more. Furthermore, it has been linked to the secretion of multifunctional bioactive chemical-oxytocin which was well-known in its therapeutic advantages for a wide range of commonest chronic diseases and social ills. Although some dysfunctional consequences may be resulted, incorporating genuine interpersonal touch into today’s efforts is undeniably viewed as a good option in solving many social problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  9. Fulltext Genomic diversity of cholera outbreak strains in East Malaysia
    Bilung, Lesley Maurice, Yong, Sy Fuh, Linang, Velnetti, Benjamin, Adam, Vincent, Micky, Apun, Kasing, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2014;10(2):19-26.
    MyJurnal
    Thirty one Vibrio cholera isolates recovered from cholera outbreak in Bintulu, Sarawak (Malaysia) were detected with the presence of ctx gene by using specific PCR. These isolates were further characterized and differentiated by using the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) and BOX-PCR to determine their genomic fingerprints. The specific PCR result confirmed the identities of 27 isolates out of 31 as pathogenic V. cholerae. The ERIC-PCR generated several genetic profiles consisting of 4-6 bands with sizes in the range of 100 to 600 bp, while the BOX-PCR produced profiles numbering 2-7 bands in the sizes between 200 to 1000 bp. Based on the dendrogram generated from the DNA fingerprinting profiles (ERIC-PCR and BOX-PCR), all of the isolates can be divided into 2 main clusters that is further divided into 2 sub-clusters. The low genetic diversity of the isolates indicated the outbreak of V. cholerae in the study area was due to the contamination from a single or few sources of V. cholerae.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  10. Rhinitis-chronica-tropica: clinical, radiological, histopathological, therapeutic and ethnological studies on Chinese, Indians, Malays and 'others'
    Werner R
    Med J Malaysia, 1973 Mar;27(3):159-72.
    PMID: 4268918
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  11. The management of a chronic ward in a mental hospital
    Khan NN
    Med J Malaya, 1969 Dec;24(2):117-20.
    PMID: 4244135
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  12. Porocephaliasis in Western Malaysia
    Burns-Cox CJ, Prathap K, Clark E, Gillman R
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1969;63(3):409-11.
    PMID: 5815876
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  13. Fulltext Dengue vector control in Malaysia- challenges and recent advances
    Lee HL, Rohani A, Khadri MS, Nazni WA, Rozilawati HA, Nurulhusna AH, et al.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2015;14(1):11-16.
    MyJurnal
    Dengue is a serious mosquito borne disease common in tropical and sub-tropical countries including Malaysia. There is at present a lack of specific treatment and an effective tetravalent vaccine against dengue. The control of dengue depends solely on the suppression of the two most important vectors namely, Aedes aegypti and Ae albopictus. Despite intensive and extensive control efforts by health agencies, the disease continues to spread. This paper updates various innovations on control of dengue vectors. Gene-based sterile insect technique using the RIDL technology for both Aedes aegypti & Ae albopictus control has now been actively researched and field trials are pursued to evaluate the effectiveness of the technology. The release of Wolbachia-infected Ae aegypti is another dengue control innovation. The infected mosquito cannot support development of dengue virus and has shorter life span. Other innovations include: auto-dissemination of insect control agents using ovitrap, autocidal adult and larva trap, outdoor residual spraying, insecticidal paint and biocontrol agent. In other innovation, outbreak prediction capability is enhanced by developing model based on environmental data and analysis utilising neural network.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  14. Fulltext Suicide in adolescents: clinical risk factors and management strategies
    Osman Che Bakar, Anisah Omar
    Medical Health Reviews, 2010;2010(1):51-63.
    MyJurnal
    Adolescence suicide represents a significant public health issue and needs serious medical attention. The prevention of suicide must especially focus on improving the assessment of risk of suicide. Mental health professionals must adequately understand the necessity of identifying adolescents’ clinical risk profile as a unique set of variables which need to be comprehensively addressed in their clinical assessment and case management. These would ensure the successful of management and prevention strategies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  15. Fulltext An outbreak of typhoid from a wedding party in Bachok district, Kelantan, 2003
    Wan Mansor, W.H., Hamizah, M.S., Wan Sulaili, W.S., Jeriah, I., Che Nok @ Nawi, I., Noraini, I., et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2003;3(2):53-57.
    MyJurnal
    On March 17, 2003 the Kelantan Health Department was notihed about a possible typhoid outbreak following a wedding party. An investigation was carried out to identiy the source and recommend control measures. Active case detection, yield investigation and case»control study were conducted. Cases were symptomatic attendees with a stool or blood culture positive for Salmonella
    typhii. Each control had a negative culture and denied symptoms. Of the more than 1 OOO guests, 477 experienced fever; 152 met the case definition. The party hostess was found to be an Salmonelb typhii carrier. Syrup prepared with untreated well water was identified as the most likely source for this outbreak, with an odds ratio 14.0 (95% C1: 2.9, 104.1). This was a common source
    outbreak of typhoid. We recommend that all food handlers at large parties be screened for typhoid and other foodborne diseases and samples of higherisk foods should be kept for few days after each event in case they are needed for testing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  16. Rickettsioses (tick typhus, Q-fever, urban typhus) in Malaya
    Marchette NJ
    J Med Entomol, 1966 Jan;2(4):339-71.
    PMID: 5951938
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Reservoirs
  17. Bursal immunopathology responses of specific-pathogen-free chickens and red jungle fowl infected with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus
    Farhanah MI, Yasmin AR, Khanh NP, Yeap SK, Hair-Bejo M, Omar AR
    Arch Virol, 2018 Aug;163(8):2085-2097.
    PMID: 29626271 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3841-7
    Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) targets B lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius (BF), causing immunosuppression and increased mortality rates in young birds. There have been few studies on the host immune response following vvIBDV infection at different inoculum doses in chickens with different genetic backgrounds. In this study, we characterized the immune responses of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and Malaysian red jungle fowl following infection with vvIBDV strain UPM0081 at 103.8 and 106.8 times the 50% embryo infectious dose (EID50). The viral burden, histopathological changes, immune cell populations, and expression of immune-related genes were measured and compared between infected and uninfected bursa at specific intervals. The populations of KUL1+, CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ cells were significantly increased in both types of chickens at 3 dpi, and there was significant early depletion of IgM+ B cells at 1 dpi in the red jungle fowl. vvIBDV infection also induced differential expression of genes that are involved in Th1 and pro-inflammatory responses, with groups receiving the higher dose (106.8 EID50) showing earlier expression of IFNG, IL12B, IL15, IL6, CXCLi2, IL28B, and TLR3 at 1 dpi. Although both chicken types showed equal susceptibility to infection, the red jungle fowl were clinically healthier than the SPF chickens despite showing more depletion of IgM+ B cells and failure to induce IFNB activation. In conclusion, high-dose vvIBDV infection caused an intense early host immune response in the infected bursa, with depletion of IgM+ B cells, bursal lesions, and cytokine expression as a response to mitigate the severity of the infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infectious bursal disease virus/genetics; Infectious bursal disease virus/pathogenicity*; Infectious bursal disease virus/physiology
  18. Fulltext Contemporary critical limb ischemia: Asian multidisciplinary consensus statement on the collaboration between endovascular therapy and wound care
    Kawarada O, Zen K, Hozawa K, Ayabe S, Huang HL, Choi D, et al.
    Cardiovasc Interv Ther, 2018 Oct;33(4):297-312.
    PMID: 29654408 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-018-0523-z
    The burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and diabetes in Asia is projected to increase. Asia also has the highest incidence and prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world. Therefore, most Asian patients with PAD might have diabetic PAD or ESRD-related PAD. Given these pandemic conditions, critical limb ischemia (CLI) with diabetes or ESRD, the most advanced and challenging subset of PAD, is an emerging public health issue in Asian countries. Given that diabetic and ESRD-related CLI have complex pathophysiology that involve arterial insufficiency, bacterial infection, neuropathy, and foot deformity, a coordinated approach that involves endovascular therapy and wound care is vital. Recently, there is increasing interaction among cardiologists, vascular surgeons, radiologists, orthopedic surgeons, and plastic surgeons beyond specialty and country boundaries in Asia. This article is intended to share practical Asian multidisciplinary consensus statement on the collaboration between endovascular therapy and wound care for CLI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peripheral Arterial Disease/complications; Peripheral Arterial Disease/diagnosis; Peripheral Arterial Disease/therapy*
  19. Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Southern Peninsular Malaysia
    Pang P, Ng YS, Sidhu J, Kok M
    Med J Malaysia, 2018 04;73(2):86-89.
    PMID: 29703871 MyJurnal
    AIM: To record the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), its social demographics, clinical characteristics and treatment, in the state of Johor, Malaysia.

    METHODS: Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, is the only public hospital in Johor with a Gastroenterology service. Data on all existing and new IBD patients managed by the Gastroenterology Unit in 2016 were collected. Incidence and prevalence of IBD in 2016 were then calculated based on the estimated population of Johor and Johor Bahru.

    RESULTS: Twenty-five new cases of IBD were diagnosed in 2016. Among the 25 cases, 13 cases were Crohn's disease (CD), 10 were ulcerative colitis (UC) and two were IBD Unclassified (IBDU). The crude incidence of IBD, CD, UC and IBDU were 0.68, 0.36, 0.27, and 0.05 per 100,000 population respectively. Ethnic Indians had the highest incidence of IBD at 4.21 followed by Malays and Chinese at 0.56 and 0.18 per 100,000 population respectively. A total of 156 IBD cases were captured. Amongst them, 85 cases were UC, 68 cases were CD and three cases were IBDU, hence the prevalence of IBD, UC, CD and IBDU were 4.27, 2.33, 1.86 and 0.08 per 100,000 population respectively. Similarly, Indians had the highest prevalence at 16.84, followed by Chinese at 4.06 and Malays at 3.44 per 100,000 population.

    CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of IBD in Johor is comparable to that of a previous study in northern Peninsular Malaysia. The ethnicity preponderance is similar to the previous studies conducted in Malaysia.

    Matched MeSH terms: Crohn Disease
  20. Fulltext Field evaluation of the efficacy of the mosquito killing system
    O. Wan-Norafikah, CoRe , H. W., Azahari, A. H., K. Kamal-Hidayat, Lee , H. L., I. Saleh
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2017;15(2):9-18.
    MyJurnal
    A preliminary field study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a mosquito trap; Mosquito Killing System (MKS) in
    capturing mosquitoes and other insects. MKS has an automatic activation by the use of a photocell. It is also supplemented
    with carbon dioxide and heat as attractants for mosquitoes and other insects. Three units of MKS were employed at three
    different locations within two study sites for ten days. The mosquitoes and other insects that were trapped in MKS were
    collected and morphologically identified daily in the laboratory. A total of 1,928 mosquitoes and other insects were
    trapped in all units of MKS. High numbers of mosquitoes (93.05%), particularly Aedes sp. and Culex sp. were captured
    from MKS. Among these, Culex quinquefasciatus (91.81%) was most abundant species collected. Only 0.84% of Aedes
    aegypti and Aedes albopictus trapped in MKS. Female mosquitoes (83.44%) were found to be more attracted to MKS
    compared to male mosquitoes of various species. These findings illustrated the potency of MKS utilization in surveillance
    and control activities of Cx. quinquefasciatus; a nuisance mosquito and also potential vector of urban brancroftian
    filariasis in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
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