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Fulltext Quantitative assessment of concept maps for conceptualizing domain ontologies: a case of Quran

Iqbal, Rizwan, Masrah Azrifah Azmi Murad, Ashraf, Adnan

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2020;28(1):179-192.
MyJurnal

The use of graphical knowledge representation formalisms with a representational vocabulary agreement of terms of conceptualization of the universe of discourse is a new high potential approach in the ontology engineering and knowledge management context. Initially, concept maps were used in the fields of education and learning. After that, it became popular in other areas due to its flexible and intuitive nature. It was also proven as a useful tool to improve communication in corporate environment. In the field of ontologies, concept maps were explored to be used to facilitate different aspects of ontology development. An essential reason behind this motivation is the structural resemblance of concept maps with the hierarchical structure of ontologies. This research aims to demonstrate quantitative evaluation of 4 different hypotheses related to the effectiveness of using concept maps for ontology conceptualization. The domain of Quran was selected for the purpose of this study and it was conducted in collaboration with the experts from the Centre of Quranic Research, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The results of the hypotheses demonstrated that concept mapping was easy to learn and implement for the majority of the participants. Most of them experienced improvement in domain knowledge regarding the vocabularies used to refer to the structure of organization of the Quran, namely Juz, Surah, Ayats, tafsir, Malay translation, English translation, and relationships among these entities. Therefore, concept maps instilled the element of learning through the conceptualization process and provided a platform for participants to resolve conflicting opinions and ambiguities of terms used immediately.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Rasch Model analysis of the Beck Depression Inventory-ii among Malaysian school students

Ahmad Zamri Khairani, Nor Shafrin Ahmad, Aziah Ismail, Rahimi Che Aman

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(1):221-229.
MyJurnal

Introduction: This study examines the psychometric characteristics of a translated version of the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI – II) among Malaysian school students. Methods: The sample consisted of 257 boys and 302 girls. This study employed WINSTEPS 3.74 to provide statistics and other information from Rasch Model analysis, namely, the fit statistics, dimensionality analysis, rating scale analysis, reliability and separation indices, differential item func- tioning analysis, and distribution of items difficulty and students’ ability. Results: Rating scale analysis showed that category 2 and category 3 of the ratings were not different. Meanwhile, Item 19 did not fit the model’s expectations; and thus, it was omitted from further analyses. The scale demonstrated a high person reliability and a high person separation index. There were no items demonstrating gender DIF. The school students endorsed feeling guilty as the least severe symptom of depression, while committing suicide as the most serious symptom. Conclusion: In general, the BDI-II demonstrated acceptable properties in measuring depression symptoms among school students.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Association Between Self-Esteem and Happiness Among Adolescents in Malaysia: The Mediating Role of Motivation

Yap CC, Mohamad Som RB, Sum XY, Tan SA, Yee KW

Psychol Rep, 2021 Mar 31.
PMID: 33789536 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211005124

Adolescence is the developmental process of becoming an adult. This journey of physical and psychological maturation is filled with challenges and hormonal chaos, and teenagers experience unhappiness at times. From a psychological perspective, this study aimed to examine the association between motivation, self-esteem and happiness; and to explore the mediating role of motivation in the association between self-esteem and happiness among adolescents in Malaysia. 480 secondary school students were recruited using a multistage cluster sampling method and answered the Malay versions of the Subjective Happiness, Brief Motivation and Rosenberg Self-esteem scales. Both self-esteem and motivation were found positively correlated to happiness. The hypothetical mediating role of motivation on the association between self-esteem and happiness was also supported, indicating that individuals with higher self-esteem have higher motivation which may result in greater happiness. Since the direct association between self-esteem and happiness remained significant, a partial mediation of adolescents' motivation between self-esteem and happiness is indicated. The results showed that perceived self-esteem plays a role in predicting happiness and the presence of motivation enhances happiness, providing an insight to nurture happier adolescents for parents and educators in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: A Rare Disease with a Global Reach

Schramm J, Sivalingam S, Moreno GE, Thanh DQL, Gauvreau K, Doherty-Schmeck K, et al.

Children (Basel), 2021 Mar 06;8(3).
PMID: 33800765 DOI: 10.3390/children8030198

Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a rare, but high mortality and resource intensive disease caused by mechanical obstruction or intraluminal myofibroproliferation, which can be post-surgical or idiopathic. There are increasing options for management including medications, cardiac catheterization procedures, and surgery. We queried the International Quality Improvement Collaborative for Congenital Heart Disease (IQIC) database for cases of PVS and described the cohort including additional congenital lesions and surgeries as well as infectious and mortality outcomes. IQIC is a quality improvement project in low-middle-income countries with the goal of reducing mortality after congenital heart surgery. Three cases were described in detail with relevant images. We identified 57 cases of PVS surgery, with similar mortality to higher income countries. PVS should be recognized as a global disease. More research and collaboration are needed to understand the disease, treatments, and outcomes, and to devise treatment approaches for low resource environments.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Socio-Ecological Hypothesis of Reconciliation: Cultural, Individual, and Situational Variations in Willingness to Accept Apology or Compensation

Komiya A, Ozono H, Watabe M, Miyamoto Y, Ohtsubo Y, Oishi S

Front Psychol, 2020;11:1761.
PMID: 32793075 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01761

The main goal of the present research is to examine socio-ecological hypothesis on apology and compensation. Specifically, we conducted four studies to test the idea that an apology is an effective means to induce reconciliation in a residentially stable community, whereas compensation is an effective means in a residentially mobile community. In Studies 1, 2a, and 2b, American and Japanese participants (national difference in mobility; Study 1) or non-movers and movers (within-nation difference in mobility; Studies 2a and 2b) imagined the situations in which they were hurt by their friends and rated to what extent they would be willing to maintain their friendships upon receipt of apology or compensation. The results showed that compensation was more effective in appeasing residentially mobile people (i.e., Americans and movers) than stable people (i.e., Japanese and non-movers), while apology was slightly more effective appeasing residentially stable people than residentially mobile people (significant in Study 1; not significant in Studies 2a and 2b). In Study 3, by conducting an economics game experiment, we directly tested the hypothesis that mobility would impair the effectiveness of apology and enhance the effectiveness of compensation. The results again partially supported our hypothesis: In the high mobility condition, compensation increased one's willingness to continue the relationship with the offender, when compared to willingness in the low mobility condition. The importance of socio-ecological perspective on the forgiveness literature is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Smart and Climate-Smart Agricultural Trends as Core Aspects of Smart Village Functions

Adesipo A, Fadeyi O, Kuca K, Krejcar O, Maresova P, Selamat A, et al.

Sensors (Basel), 2020 Oct 22;20(21).
PMID: 33105622 DOI: 10.3390/s20215977

Attention has shifted to the development of villages in Europe and other parts of the world with the goal of combating rural-urban migration, and moving toward self-sufficiency in rural areas. This situation has birthed the smart village idea. Smart village initiatives such as those of the European Union is motivating global efforts aimed at improving the live and livelihood of rural dwellers. These initiatives are focused on improving agricultural productivity, among other things, since most of the food we eat are grown in rural areas around the world. Nevertheless, a major challenge faced by proponents of the smart village concept is how to provide a framework for the development of the term, so that this development is tailored towards sustainability. The current work examines the level of progress of climate smart agriculture, and tries to borrow from its ideals, to develop a framework for smart village development. Given the advances in technology, agricultural development that encompasses reduction of farming losses, optimization of agricultural processes for increased yield, as well as prevention, monitoring, and early detection of plant and animal diseases, has now embraced varieties of smart sensor technologies. The implication is that the studies and results generated around the concept of climate smart agriculture can be adopted in planning of villages, and transforming them into smart villages. Hence, we argue that for effective development of the smart village framework, smart agricultural techniques must be prioritized, viz-a-viz other developmental practicalities.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Key Teacher Attitudes for Sustainable Development of Student Employability by Social Cognitive Career Theory: The Mediating Roles of Self-Efficacy and Problem-Based Learning

Liu X, Peng MY, Anser MK, Chong WL, Lin B

Front Psychol, 2020;11:1945.
PMID: 33117202 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01945

Higher education policy and talent training are failing to meet the ever-changing expectations of employers and society in Taiwan, resulting in a gap between university education and employment. This study used social cognitive career theory (SCCT) to explore the relationships among self-efficacy, transformational leadership (TL), student employability (SE), and problem-based learning (PBL) in higher education institutions (HEIs). The analysis of 637 undergraduates from 16 Taiwanese HEIs using structural equation modeling (SEM) shows significant positive correlations among self-efficacy, PBL, TL, and SE, with PBL and self-efficacy as key mediators. Based on these findings, the researchers propose feasible suggestions for related issues and future research.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Evidence for Top Quark Production in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Ambrogi F, Bergauer T, Dragicevic M, et al.

Phys Rev Lett, 2020 Nov 27;125(22):222001.
PMID: 33315428 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.222001

Ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions recreate in the laboratory the thermodynamical conditions prevailing in the early universe up to 10^{-6} sec, thereby allowing the study of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter with deconfined partons. The top quark, the heaviest elementary particle known, is accessible in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN LHC, and constitutes a novel probe of the QGP. Here, we report the first evidence for the production of top quarks in nucleus-nucleus collisions, using lead-lead collision data at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV recorded by the CMS experiment. Two methods are used to measure the cross section for top quark pair production (σ_{tt[over ¯]}) via the selection of charged leptons (electrons or muons) and bottom quarks. One method relies on the leptonic information alone, and the second one exploits, in addition, the presence of bottom quarks. The measured cross sections, σ_{tt[over ¯]}=2.54_{-0.74}^{+0.84} and 2.03_{-0.64}^{+0.71} μb, respectively, are compatible with expectations from scaled proton-proton data and QCD predictions.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Academic credit system in contributing to online self-regulated learning in China

Bai Chan, Ooi Boon Keat

Journal of Management & Science, 2020;18(2):66-71.
MyJurnal

The Internet has changed people's life and made the learning methods of college students diversified. Because of the obvious disadvantages brought by the traditional passive classroom learning in China, online self-regulated learning, as a new learning method, has been paid more and more attention from Chinese universities. Online self-regulated learning adapts to the development of society. However, in China, the traditional academic year system limits the freedom of learning of university students. Most students lack learning motivation and affect learning efficiency, so the academic credit system has become an important factor that affects the development of online self-regulated learning. This paper will discuss online self-regulated learning and the academic credit system that affects online self-regulated learning in detail.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Observation of Single Top Quark Production in Association with a Z Boson in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV

Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Ambrogi F, Asilar E, Bergauer T, et al.

Phys Rev Lett, 2019 Apr 05;122(13):132003.
PMID: 31012605 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.132003

The observation of single top quark production in association with a Z boson and a quark (tZq) is reported. Events from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV containing three charged leptons (either electrons or muons) and at least two jets are analyzed. The data were collected with the CMS detector in 2016 and 2017 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 77.4fb^{-1}. The increased integrated luminosity, a multivariate lepton identification, and a redesigned analysis strategy improve significantly the sensitivity of the analysis compared to previous searches for tZq production. The tZq signal is observed with a significance well over 5 standard deviations. The measured tZq production cross section is σ(pp→tZq→tℓ^{+}ℓ^{-}q)=111±13(stat)_{-9}^{+11}(syst) fb, for dilepton invariant masses above 30 GeV, in agreement with the standard model expectation.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Prevalence of burnout syndrome and its associated factors among doctors in Sabah, Malaysia

Yao LM, Hung CS, Ain SN, Pui E, Lee OC

Psychol Health Med, 2021 Feb 18.
PMID: 33602003 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1891265

Burnout syndrome is a condition marked by emotional exhaustion, deterioration in motivation and lack of commitment, resulting from long-lasting workplace stress, characterized by exhaustion, negative feelings towards one's work and reduced professional efficacy. Healthcare workers are at particularly high risk for burnout due to high levels of stress. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome among doctors in Sabah and factors associated with it. This multi-centre cross-sectional study was carried out among doctors working in five Sabah main hospitals. Data were collected by using self-administered questionnaires consisting of basic socio-demographic information and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Overall, a total of 523 doctors consented to participate in this study. The prevalence of personal burnout, work-related burnout, and patient-related burnout among doctors were 57.1%, 48.8%, and 30.4% respectively. Chi-square analysis showed factors that were associated to personal burnout and work-related burnout, were marital status, duration of service and position in the service. Duration of service was the only factor associated with patient-related burnout. The prevalence of burnout syndrome in Sabah should not to be overlooked and more researches are indicated to look into prevention of burnout syndrome in Malaysian setting.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Development and implementation of a potential coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine: A systematic review and meta-analysis of vaccine clinical trials

Sathian B, Asim M, Banerjee I, Roy B, Pizarro AB, Mancha MA, et al.

Nepal J Epidemiol, 2021 Mar;11(1):959-982.
PMID: 33868742 DOI: 10.3126/nje.v11i1.36163

Background: To date, there is no comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the suitability of COVID-19 vaccines for mass immunization. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of novel COVID-19 vaccine candidates under clinical trial evaluation and present a contemporary update on the development and implementation of a potential vaccines.
Methods: For this study PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase electronic databases were used to search for eligible studies on the interface between novel coronavirus and vaccine design until December 31, 2020.
Results: We have included fourteen non-randomized and randomized controlled phase I-III trials. Implementation of a universal vaccination program with proven safety and efficacy through robust clinical evaluation is the long-term goal for preventing COVID-19. The immunization program must be cost-effective for mass production and accessibility. Despite pioneering techniques for the fast-track development of the vaccine in the current global emergency, mass production and availability of an effective COVID-19 vaccine could take some more time.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest a revisiting of the reported solicited and unsolicited systemic adverse events for COVID-19 candidate vaccines. Hence, it is alarming to judiciously expose thousands of participants to COVID-19 candidate vaccines at Phase-3 trials that have adverse events and insufficient evidence on safety and effectiveness that necessitates further justification.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Replicating remembering "remembering"

Janssen SMJ, Anthony K, Chang CYM, Choong EL, Neoh JY, Lim A

Memory, 2020 Dec 31.
PMID: 33382346 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2020.1868525

When examining spontaneously recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse, victims report that there had been periods in which they had forgotten the abuse. However, there are sometimes people with whom the victim had spoken about the abuse during the period in which the victim had supposedly forgotten the abuse, suggesting the victim had not forgotten the abuse but the prior recall of the abuse. The underestimation of previous knowledge is termed the forgot-it-all-along effect. The goal of the present study was replicating the results of a laboratory study that had provided a theoretical understanding for the forgot-it-all-along effect by showing that people have difficulties remembering "remembering" when the memory had previously been recalled in a different context. The effect was replicated by using the same neutral context sentences, suggesting the finding was robust. We also extended the experimental design by using positive and negative context sentences, but it did not become smaller when the positive sentences provided the different context or larger when the negative sentences provided the different context. Although the sample sizes were sufficiently large to provide statistical power for the forgot-it-all-along effect, they may not have been sufficiently large to observe the moderation effects of emotional context.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Revitalizing operational reliability of the electrical energy system in Libya: Feasibility analysis of solar generation in local communities

Almaktar M, Elbreki AM, Shaaban M

J Clean Prod, 2021 Jan 10;279:123647.
PMID: 32834572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123647

The political upheaval and the civil war in Libya had a painful toll on the operational reliability of the electric energy supply system. With frequent power cuts and crumbling infrastructure, mainly due to the damage inflicted upon several power plants and grid assets as well as the lack of maintenance, many Libyans are left without electricity for several hours a day. As the country has a staggeringly immense potential of solar energy, it is inevitable to exploit such potential, to avert system-wide blackouts. This paper investigates the use of small-scale PV systems in local communities as non-wires alternative (NWA), offering excess energy exchange within local/neighboring microgrids (MGs) for reliable electric power supply. Different combinations of PV/storage/diesel distributed generations (DGs), with grid-interface options, were applied on a case study of a typical dwelling in the Eastern Libyan city of Benghazi. Technical and financial feasibility assessments were carried out to contrast between various supply combinations. Sensitivity analysis of the PV-grid system was also conducted using Net Present Value (NPV) and the payback time indicators to determine the impacts of Feed-in Tariff (FiT) rates, financial incentives, electricity tariff, and inflation rate on the economic viability of the PV grid system. Results show that the PV-grid system has a promising potential under reasonable set of varying system parameters. On top of its social and environmental-friendly advantages, the PV-battery system is found to be more economical when adopted as a standalone NWA solution as compared to the diesel generator option, even at the lowest diesel price. The PV-grid system does not only provide a short-term remedy to the rolling blackouts in Libya but also enhances system operational reliability by providing a NWA to rundown or shattered grid infrastructure, thus bolstering energy provision in residential neighborhoods.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext A pilot study of the relationship between parenting style and academic procrastination among final year students of faculty of human ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)

Fasya Sulaiman, Mohammad Mujaheed Hassan

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019;4(7):152-167.
MyJurnal

Academic procrastination is a behaviour which can be defined as putting off, delay, prolong, defer, stall, or postpone in performing tasks related to the academic. Academic procrastination is not a new phenomenon but it is a common behaviour especially among students as previous research has found that approximately 75% of students consider themselves as procrastinators. This issue is very much related to the “Student Syndrome” where student only starts to make themselves work in completing the task instantly right before the due date and leaving them with a very short period of time to complete it. There were many previous researchers that had investigated the factors that causing academic procrastination and one of the most common factors are parenting style. However, the pattern of the previous results was inconsistent. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate in deep on the relationship between the motivational aspects of parenting style to academic procrastination with focusing among the undergraduate students who are in their final year from Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia. The research design of this study is a quantitative research and for that reason, a set of questionnaire was distributed to 148 respondents. Result shows that 52.7% of the final year students perceived at high level of academic procrastination. Apart from that, the result also shows that there is no significant relationship between gender and parenting styles to academic procrastination. As a conclusion, academic procrastination is a common behaviour among final year students. However, parenting styles does not affecting academic procrastination due to the students’ age which can be categorised as early adulthood which at this age, parenting style factors does not give an impact on academic procrastination.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Discovering the Value Creation System in IoT Ecosystems

Lopez CA, Castillo LF, Corchado JM

Sensors (Basel), 2021 Jan 06;21(2).
PMID: 33418918 DOI: 10.3390/s21020328

Internet of Things (IoT) should not be seen only as a cost reduction mechanism for manufacturing companies; instead, it should be seen as the basis for transition to a new business model that monetizes the data from an intelligent ecosystem. In this regard, deciphering the operation of the value creation system and finding the balance between the digital strategy and the deployment of technological platforms, are the main motivations behind this research. To achieve the proposed objectives, systems theory has been adopted in the conceptualization stage, later, fuzzy logic has been used to structure a subsystem for the evaluation of input parameters. Subsequently, system dynamics have been used to build a computational representation and later, through dynamic simulation, the model has been adjusted according to iterations and the identified limits of the system. Finally, with the obtained set of results, different value creation and capture behaviors have been identified. The simulation model, based on the conceptualization of the system and the mathematical representation of the value function, allows to establish a frame of reference for the evaluation of the behaviour of IoT ecosystems in the context of the connected home.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Motivasi membaca, persekitaran membaca di rumah dan sikap membaca dalam kalangan pelajar di Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)

Anis Farhana Mohd Kassim, Azlina Mohd Khir, Mohd Ziyad Afiq Zaharim

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019;4(6):92-100.
MyJurnal

Kajian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan hubungan antara motivasi membaca, persekitaran membaca di rumah dan sikap membaca dalam kalangan pelajar Universiti Putra Malaysia. Seramai 214 pelajar UPM yang dipilih melalui kaedah persampelan pelbagai peringkat terlibat dalam kajian ini. Satu set borang soal selidik yang diedar kepada responden mengandungi tiga instrumen iaitu Survey of Adolescent Reading Attitudes, Motivations for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) dan Students’s Reading Environments at Home: Exposure and Support. Hasil kajian menunjukkan sikap membaca bahan bacaan digital dan bercetak pelajar UPM berada pada tahap tinggi. Selain itu, kajian mendapati motivasi membaca intrinsik dan ekstrinsik serta persekitaran membaca di rumah pelajar UPM berada pada tahap sederhana. Keputusan menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif secara signifikan antara motivasi membaca intrinsik, motivasi ekstrinsik dan persekitaran membaca di rumah dengan sikap membaca bahan bacaan digital dan bercetak. Kesimpulannya, motivasi membaca dan persekitaran membaca di rumah mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan sikap membaca dalam kalangan pelajar UPM. Untuk melahirkan generasi yang mempunyai sikap membaca yang positif, pihak yang bertanggungjawab seperti ibu bapa terutamanya perlu mewujudkan persekitaran membaca yang kondusif di rumah agar dapat memupuk motivasi membaca dan sikap yang positif dalam kalangan anak-anak. Selain itu, pihak univerisiti dan pensyarah juga perlu mengambil langkah yang proaktif dalam mempromosi dan menggalakkan amalan membaca agar ia terus menjadi satu budaya dalam kalangan pelajar di institusi pengajian tinggi.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Is it my fault? contemplative reactions among nurses toward the existence of blamingculture in relation to their documentation: a Malaysian context

Rekaya Vincent Balang, Robert L. Burton, Nichola A. Barlow

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):19-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Nursing documentation is the key to nursing care in hospitals. Nursing documentation contains ev- idences which demonstrate a significant association between the comprehensive level of nursing care and nurses’ professional practice. Therefore, nurses in Malaysia are trained to abide with the code of professional practice (1998) which required them to contrive a complete and comprehensive nursing documentation. Despite the importance of nursing documentation in the nursing professional practice, such study almost non-existent in Malaysia. Hence, there is a need to explore nurses understanding about existence of professionalism within their documentation, from a Malaysian context. Methods: The study utilized a qualitative approach which aimed to explore the perceptions among nurses in Malaysia on their documentation with relation to professionalism in nursing. Forty semi structured interviews were conducted in order to obtain an understanding of nurses’ views on their documentation and its influ- ence on their ways of preparing and completing their documentation. Thematic analysis was used to identify catego- ries and themes in nurses’ accounts of their documentation with relation to professionalism in nursing. Results: One of many profound findings from the study is the fear among nurses of “blaming culture” in that occurs their clinical setting. The nurses perceive “blaming culture” do not tolerate mistakes and they are more likely to be blamed for poor patient safety and insufficient quality of care. This is because nurses are directly involved in delivering care to patient or client in the hospital. “Blaming culture” however motivates nurses to ensure their documentation is com- plete, comprehensive and contemporaneous. Conclusion: Interestingly, the nurses perceive their documentation as an important evidence if there are possible future medical legal issues that they might have to involve with.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Fulltext Emotional intelligence and stress among nursing student, University Malaysia Sabah (UMS)

Norkiah Binti Arsat, Norsimah Binti Dasan, Sitti Nohaya Binti Tawakal, Flora Bianus, NurNadia Syamira Binti Zulkifli, Joy Pereirra Castella Peter

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):70-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Most nursing students experience stress in nursing-related learning where they have to adapt to differ- ent teaching styles and clinical situations, to meet instructors’ expectations, work independently on learning objec- tives, and manage conflicts.Insome aspects of academic requirementmay be considered as highly stressful. There- fore, nursing students expected to have the ability to integrate emotional intelligence (EI) in their learning process. The aim of this study is to measure the level of EI and stress among UMS nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey designusing purposive sampling methods involving one hundred (100) nursing students. Trait EI Question- naire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF) scale developed by Petrides & Furnham, (2006) and Jones Scoring Instrument: Students Nurse Stress Index (SNSI) scale developed by Jones and Johnston (1999) used to measure EI and stress level. Approval to conduct study obtained from Dean of faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UMS. Results: The data were an- alysed through descriptive method using SPSS for window 21.0. Total EI scores ranging from a low (M=2.41) to high (M=6.53) and Mean value 4.20, (SD + 0.705). Total high EI 62(62%). Total score for SNSI ranging from a low (M=1.5) to a high (M=4.18) and Mean value 2.92, (SD + 0.606). Total low stress 58(58%). Year 2 reported significantly high EI Mean value 4.24, (SD + 0.779) compared to the year 1 Mean value 4.22,(SD + 0.738), and Year 3, Mean value 4.15, (SD + 0.618). Year 1 reported significantly low stress Mean value 2.80, (SD + 0.598) compared to the Year 2, Mean value 2.90, (SD + 0.656), and Year 3, Mean value 3.06, (SD + 0.547). Conclusion: The level of EI was high and Stress level was low. However, attention should be given to nursing students with low EI as well as to nursing students with high levels of stress.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation
Value, drug addiction and the brain

Loganathan K, Ho ETW

Addict Behav, 2021 05;116:106816.
PMID: 33453587 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106816

Over the years, various models have been proposed to explain the psychology and biology of drug addiction, built primarily around the habit and compulsion models. Recent research indicates drug addiction may be goal-directed, motivated by excessive valuation of drugs. Drug consumption may initially occur for the sake of pleasure but may transition to a means of escaping withdrawal, stress and negative emotions. In this hypothetical paper, we propose a value-based neurobiological model for drug addiction. We posit that during dependency, the value-based decision-making system in the brain is not inactive but has instead prioritized drugs as the reward of choice. In support of this model, we consider the role of valuation in choice, its influence on pleasure and punishment, and how valuation is contrasted in impulsive and compulsive behaviours. We then discuss the neurobiology of value, beginning with the dopaminergic system and its relationship with incentive salience before moving to brain-wide networks involved in valuation, control and prospection. These value-based neurobiological components are then integrated into the cycle of addiction as we consider the development of drug dependency from a valuation perspective. We conclude with a discussion of cognitive interventions utilizing value-based decision-making, highlighting not just advances in recalibrating the valuation system to focus on non-drug rewards, but also areas for improvement in refining this approach.

Matched MeSH terms: Motivation

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