Displaying publications 141 - 160 of 1867 in total

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  1. Fulltext Isolation and optimization of inter-simple sequence repeat (issr) technique for pleurotus sajor caju towards enviromental study in support of the country’s nuclear power programme
    Rosnani Abdul Rashid, Azhar Mohamad, Mat Rasol Awang, Hassan Hamdani Mutaat, Shaiful Azuar Mohamad, Affrida Abu Hasan, et al.
    Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 2013;25(1):1-18.
    MyJurnal
    Mushroom can be used as a biological indicator in assessing radiological impact on the
    environment. Radiological effect would be reflected through morphological changes as well as
    those changes at molecular level. For this purpose, a preliminary work was conducted, which
    included DNA isolation, optimization of PCR parameters for Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR)
    and primers screening on Pleurotus sajor caju mushroom strains from Nuclear Malaysia’s
    Sterifeed Mushrooms Collection Centre. In this work, DNA isolation technique from cap and stalk
    of fruit body were optimized and quantified. It was found that stalk produced highest amount of
    genomic DNA at 304.01ng/µl and cap at 149.00ng/µl. A total of 100 ISSR primers were tested and
    51 primers were successfully amplified. These primers will be used further for dose response
    evaluation and molecular profiling in mushroom species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  2. Fulltext Optimization of multiplex PCR conditions for rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 virulence genes
    Jeshveen, S.S., Chai, L.C., Pui, C.F., Son, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(2):461-466.
    MyJurnal
    The main source of E. coli 0157:H7 is cattle, but recent studies showed high percentage of outbreaks
    contributed by contaminated water. The occurrence of E. coli O157:H7 in environmental water samples poses a potential threat to human health. The aim of this study was to establish a protocol for the detection of the pathogen E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli virulence genes (eaeA, rfbE, hly, stx1, and stx2) in a multiplex PCR protocol using six specific primer pairs. The target genes produced species-specific amplicons at 625 bp, 397 bp, 296 bp, 166 bp, 210 bp and 484 bp for E. coli O157:H7 (fliCh7 gene) and virulence genes (eaeA, rfbE, hly, stx1, and stx2) respectively. The results obtained show that the established PCR protocol is suitable for a rapid and specific analysis of the pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 in environmental water samples for the assessment of microbiological risks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
  3. Fulltext Characterization of extended-spectrum ß -lactamases (ESBLs) producers in Klebsiella pneumoniae by genotypic and phenotypic method
    Puspanadan, S., Afsah-Hejri, L., Rukayadi, Y., Loo, Y.Y., Nillian, E., Kuan, C.H., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(3):1479-1483.
    MyJurnal
    This study aims to determine the presence of extended-spectrum (ESBL) in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from raw vegetables by genotypic and phenotypic method. Fifty-three K. pneumoniae isolates that were obtained by plating method were confirmed by PCR. Isolates obtained were screened for their resistance to selected antibiotics. Phenotypic tests for ESBL detection is basically to confirm production of ESBL, in this study two types of antibiotics used which were amoxycillin/clavulanic Acid (AMC, 30 µg) and ceftazidime (CAZ, 30 µg), The resistance were 5/53 (9.4%) and 1/53 (1.9%), respectively. However, it was interesting to observe that none of the K. pneumoniae isolates demonstrated the presence of any of the bla genes by using genotypic method except blaTEM gene has been detected in two isolates out of 53 isolates of K. pneumoniae in this research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  4. Fulltext Review paper : application of DNA and immunoassay analytical methods for GMO testing in agricultural crops and plant-derived products
    Jasbeer, K., Ghazali, F.M., Cheah, Y.K., Son, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2008;15(1):1-25.
    MyJurnal
    The introduction of new agricultural commodities and products derived from modernbiotechnology may have an impact on human and animal health, the environment and economiesof countries. As more Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) enter markets worldwide, themonitoring of GMOs is being preferred for obvious reasons such as determination of seed purity,verification of non-GMO status of agricultural crops and fulfilling GMO labeling provisions, tomention a few. Numerous GMO analytical methods which include screening, identification andquantification have been developed to reliably determine the presence and/or amount of GMOin agricultural commodities, in raw agricultural materials and in processed and refined ingredients.The detection of GMOs relies on the detection of transgenic DNA or protein material. For routineanalysis, a good sample preparation technique should reproducibly generate DNA/protein ofsufficient quality, purity and yield while minimizing the effects of inhibition andcontamination.
    The key sample preparation steps include homogenization, pretreatment, extraction andpurification. Due to the fact that analytical laboratories receive samples that are often processedand refined, the quality and quantity of transgenic target analyte (e.g. protein and DNA) frequentlychallenge the sensitivity of any detection method. With the development of GMO analysistechniques, the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique has been the mainstay for GMOdetection, and the real-time PCR is the most effective and important method for GMOquantification. The choice of target sequence; for example a promoter, a terminator, a gene, or ajunction between two of these elements, is the single most important factor controlling the specificity of the PCR method. Recent developments include event-specific methods, particularlyuseful for identification and quantification of GM content. Although PCR technology has obvious
    limitations, the potentially high degree of sensitivity and specificity explains why PCR in its various
    formats, is currently the leading analytical technology employed in GMO analysis. Comparatively, immunoassays are becoming attractive tools for rapid field monitoring for the integrity of agricultural commodities in identity preservation systems, whereby non-specialised personnel can employ them in cost-effective manner. This review discusses various popular extraction methodologies and summarises the current status of the most widely used and easily applicable GMO analysis technologies in laboratories, namely the PCR and immunoassay technologies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  5. Fulltext Random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR and ERIC PCR analysis on Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from cockles in Padang, Indonesia
    Zulkifli, Y., Alitheen, N.B., Son, R., Raha, A.R., Samuel, L., Yeap, S.K., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(2):141-150.
    MyJurnal
    In this study, RAPD-PCR and ERIC-PCR were used to study the epidemiology of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from cockles in Padang, Indonesia. The Gold Oligo OPAR3 primer produced bands ranged from 1-8 with sizes from 0.2 – 5.0 kb and the Gold Oligo OPAR8 primer produced 1-7 bands with sizes 0.7 – 1.5 kb. Both primers produced twenty five RAPD patterns with a few isolates failed to produce any products. Based on phylogenetic dendrogram, all the isolates can be divided into 6 major clusters with similarity between 0 to 52%. For the ERIC primer, it produced bands ranged from 3-15 with sizes from 0.1 – 5.0 kb and twenty seven different ERIC patterns. Construction of the phylogenetic dendogram showed the isolates can be divided into 4 major clusters with similarity between 56 to 86%. The high diversity of both processes may be due to the multiple contamination sources of V. parahaemolyticus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  6. Fulltext Dataset of SSR markers for ISSR-Suppression-PCR to detect genetic variation in Garcinia mangostana L. in Peninsular Malaysia
    Samsir SA, Bunawan H, Yen CC, Noor NM
    Data Brief, 2016 Sep;8:1438-42.
    PMID: 27617279 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.016
    In this dataset, we present 15 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers with the motifs (AC)n, (GA)n, and (AC)n(AG)n using a ISSR-Suppression-PCR technique in order to discriminate Garcinia mangostana from diverse geographical origins in Peninsular Malaysia. A few loci showed differences between 3 and 6 bp in allele size, indicating that there are some polymorphisms between individuals correlating to the number of SSR repeats that may be useful for differentiate of genotypes. Collectively, these data show that the ISSR-Suppression-PCR is a valuable method to illustrate genetic variation of selected G. mangostana in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  7. Fulltext Detection of Vibrio cholerae in raw cockles (Anadara granosa) by polymerase chain reaction
    International Food Research Journal, 2010;17(3):675-680.
    MyJurnal
    Aimed of this study was to determine the presence of Vibrio cholerae in cockles (Anadara granosa)
    from different coasts in Malaysia and to measure the biosafety of V. cholerae in raw cockles at wet market in Malaysia using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in combination with the most probable number (MPN) method. A total of 100 samples from 4 different wet markets in the West and East were examined for the presence of V. cholerae. The prevalence of V. cholerae between the two coasts was not significant different. In fact, the 74% of samples from West coast area was found positive while the 69% for samples collected in the East coast. West coast samples showed a prevalence of 60% for the wet market A=, 64% for B=, 88% for C= and 84% for the market D); East coast samples showed the same percentage with 72% for the wet markets E, F and H, followed by wet market G with 60%.With the MPN-PCR method, using 80 samples of raw cockles obtained from 4 wet markets, the occurrence of V. cholerae detected was of 95%. The frequency of V. cholerae in raw cockles obtained from wet market I and L was higher (100%) compared to other wet market (Wet market B=, 90%; Wet market C=, 95%).The density of V. cholerae detected in all samples ranged from 24000 MPN/g, but most of the samples (24 samples) were in category >24000 MPN/g concentration. V. cholerae was present in raw cockles in higher number. Hence, these results demonstrate the presence of pathogenic V.cholerae in cockles harvested and reveal the potential risk of illness associated with their consumption. This study will be the first biosafety assessment of V. choleare in raw cockles in Malaysia and it will provide significant insights about Malaysian scenario.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  8. Fulltext Prevalence of toxic genes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimps (Penaeus monodon) and culture environment
    Sujeewa, A.K.W., Norrakiah, A.S., Laina, M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(1):89-95.
    MyJurnal
    Vibrio parahaemolyticus is prevalent in tropical marine environment in all seasons and can cause seafood-borne gastroenteritis. A total of 251 suspected isolates were tested including 60 from frozen shrimp, 50 from cultured live shrimp, 67 from sediments of culture ponds and 74 from water were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the toxR gene for confirmation as V. parahaemolyticus. Of the 128 toxR positive isolates, 15% of the isolates from culture environment (from live shrimp, sediments and water) and 7% of frozen shrimp samples were positive for the tdh and trh genes. Since urease production could be a marker of trh but not tdh in V. parahaemolyticus, a total of 189 of the 251 suspected V. parahaemolyticus isolates were tested for urease production and 41% of the isolates were found to be positive for urease production. However not all urease positive strains of V. parahaemolyticus were positive for either tdh or trh genes. Detection of virulent strains in shrimp culture environment in Malaysia suggests a probable risk for health of people consuming raw shrimp.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  9. High burden of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) fecal carriage at a teaching hospital: cost-effectiveness of screening in low-resource setting
    Zaidah AR, Mohammad NI, Suraiya S, Harun A
    Antimicrob Resist Infect Control, 2017;6:42.
    PMID: 28473912 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-017-0200-5
    BACKGROUND: Infections by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) have been continuously growing and pose challenge to health institution globally. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriacea (CRE) was identified as one of the MDR-GNB which has limited treatment options and higher mortality compared to those of sensitive strains. We report an increased burden of CRE fecal carriage at a hospital in the North-eastern region of Malaysia.

    METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study from August 2013 to December 2015 was conducted in the Medical Microbiology & Parasitology laboratory of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, which is a tertiary teaching hospital with more than 700 beds. This hospital treats patients with various medical and surgical conditions. Suspected CRE from any clinical specimens received by the laboratory was identified and confirmed using standard protocols. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was performed to determine the genotype.

    RESULTS: Altogether, 8306 Enterobacteriaceae was isolated from various clinical specimens during the study period and 477/8306 (5.74%) were CRE. Majority of the isolated CRE were Klebsiella [408/477, (85.5%)], of which Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant species, 388/408 (95%). CRE were mainly isolated from rectal swab (screening), 235/477 (49.3%); urine, 76/477 (15.9%); blood, 46/477 (9.6%) and about 7.1% from tracheal aspirate. One hundred and thirty-six isolates were subjected to genotype determination and., 112/136 (82.4%) showed positive detection of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1) gene (blaNDM1).

    CONCLUSION: The study noted a high numbers of CRE isolated especially from rectal swabs. Active screening results in significant cost pressures and therefore should be revisited and revised, especially in low resource settings.

    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  10. Human platelet antigen allelic diversity in Peninsular Malaysia
    Syafawati WU, Zefarina Z, Zafarina Z, Hassan MN, Norazmi MN, Panneerchelvam S, et al.
    Immunohematology, 2016 Dec;32(4):143-160.
    PMID: 28257229
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  11. Fulltext Oil palm microsatellites: implications and potentials
    Chua, B. H., Rajinder, S., Tan, S. G., Faridah, Q. Z., Cheah, S. C.
    Buletin Persatuan Genetik Malaysia, 2006;12(1):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are tandem repeats of DNA of 1-6 bp long. They ubiquitously occur in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes. Because of their abundance,
    they have widespread applications in both animal and plant sciences; such as varietal identification, genetic mapping, QTL mapping, phylogenetic and diversity studies. Thus, SSRs have become valuable DNA markers for molecular biologists and geneticists. Microsatellites are markers
    of choice for many molecular geneticists because of their hypervariability, codominant
    inheritance, multi-allelism and PCR-based assaying of variations that are amenable to automation and high throughput assay. However, the utilization of microsatellite markers in the past was
    hampered by its laborious de novo isolations and species-specific nature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  12. Fulltext Single mitochondrial DNA deletions in chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) and Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) patients from a multiethnic Asian population
    Chong, Jia-Woei, Azlina Ahmad Annuar, Wong, Kum-Thong, Thong, Meow-Keong, Goh, Khean-Jin
    Neurology Asia, 2014;19(1):27-36.
    MyJurnal
    Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions are a major cause of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) and Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS). We analyzed single mtDNA deletions in 11 CPEO and one KSS patients by means of Southern blot and long polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The deletion sizes ranged from 3.4 kb to 6.9 kb whereas the heteroplasmy level varied from 18.8% to 85.5%. Two unique deletions sized 4320 bp and 4717 bp were found. This study represents the first genetic screen of mtDNA disorders in Malaysia, and it follows the data seen in other published reports on CPEO and KSS genetic aetiology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  13. Fulltext Distribution of disease and pest resistance markers in malaysian rice varieties
    W. Wilonita, R. Nurliyana, D.D. Asma, M. Noorazizah, M.Y. Hirzun
    ASM Science Journal, 2013;7(2):105-112.
    MyJurnal
    Molecular markers have been intensively used in assisting breeding to reduce the time taken by conventional breeding as well as helping introgression of specific traits. Baseline analysis of known markers is crucial in developing a genetic database on disease and pest resistance for local rice germplasm which does not yet
    exist. In this study seven local rice varieties, including the popular MR219 and MRQ 74 and MRQ 76 (newly developed aromatic rice varieties), together with a foreign variety, Intani-2, were screened for genetic markers related to pest and disease resistance. One hundred and twenty-two type-related markers (SSR, STS, InDel and Allele-specific) for genes resistant to bacterial leaf blight, blast and brown planthopper were screened using PCR amplification and validated by sequencing. It was found that each variety had its own pattern of resistance. Using allele-specific markers namely pBPH9, pTA248 and Pisbdom were found to be the most efficient way to screen for the targeted genes. Of the seven varieties, MR219 and MR232 were found to have the highest distribution of markers for resistance genes against pest and diseases studied.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  14. Fulltext Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Prevotella intermedia in advanced chronic periodontitis patients.
    Vaithilingam, R.D., Taiyeb-Ali, T.B., Yusuf, R.
    Ann Dent, 2010;17(1):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    This cross-sectional study was carried out to identify A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. intermedia in the subgingival plaque of three ethnic groups (Malays, Chinese and Indians) in a selected group of adult Malaysians with advanced Chronic Periodontitis and to correlate these findings with their periodontal status. Thirty periodontally diseased adults were age, gender and ethnically matched with 30 healthy individuals. Clinical parameters were assessed for all. Subgingival plaque samples were collected for identification of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. intermedia using polymerase chain reaction. Prevalence for P. intermedia (83.3%) was high and A. actinomycetemcomitans
    (6.7%) low in the total subject population. P. intermedia and A. actinomycetemcomitans were more
    prevalent in diseased (86.7%, 10% respectively) than in healthy (80%, 3.33% respectively) subjects. A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 15% Indians, 5% Malays but none of the Chinese subjects whereas P. intermedia was detected in 90% Malays, 85% Indians and 75% Chinese subjects. No significant association between presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans
    and P. intermedia with race and periodontal disease status was found. Only A. actinomycetemcomitans had a significant association with clinical attachment level (CAL) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, in this small subject group, none of the pathogens were associated with race and periodontal disease status and only A. actinomycetemcomitans had a significant association with CAL.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  15. Fulltext Genomic diversity of cholera outbreak strains in East Malaysia
    Bilung, Lesley Maurice, Yong, Sy Fuh, Linang, Velnetti, Benjamin, Adam, Vincent, Micky, Apun, Kasing, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2014;10(2):19-26.
    MyJurnal
    Thirty one Vibrio cholera isolates recovered from cholera outbreak in Bintulu, Sarawak (Malaysia) were detected with the presence of ctx gene by using specific PCR. These isolates were further characterized and differentiated by using the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) and BOX-PCR to determine their genomic fingerprints. The specific PCR result confirmed the identities of 27 isolates out of 31 as pathogenic V. cholerae. The ERIC-PCR generated several genetic profiles consisting of 4-6 bands with sizes in the range of 100 to 600 bp, while the BOX-PCR produced profiles numbering 2-7 bands in the sizes between 200 to 1000 bp. Based on the dendrogram generated from the DNA fingerprinting profiles (ERIC-PCR and BOX-PCR), all of the isolates can be divided into 2 main clusters that is further divided into 2 sub-clusters. The low genetic diversity of the isolates indicated the outbreak of V. cholerae in the study area was due to the contamination from a single or few sources of V. cholerae.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  16. Fulltext Development of species-specific molecular marker for Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) based on 18S ribosomal DNA sequence
    CHIN, W. L., ANTON, A., KUMAR, S.V., TEOH, P. L.
    Buletin Persatuan Genetik Malaysia, 2010;17(1):5-8.
    MyJurnal
    In Malaysia, harmful algal blooms often occur along the coastal waters of west Sabah, where one of the causative organisms is the toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum. A total of five P. bahamense var. compressum isolates were obtained from four locations and were cultured in f/2 medium. A Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based technique was developed and used to screen for the presence of the dinoflagellate, P. bahamense var. compressum. A dinoflagellate-specific primer pair was designed based on sequences of P. bahamense var. compressum to amplify the 18S small subunit ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences. The rDNA of the P. bahamense var. compressum isolates were obtained. A species-specific primer pair was designed to target a 600 bp rDNA sequence of the target dinoflagellate. The primer pair targeting P. bahamense var. compressum did not yield any product with the fifteen algae cultures used as negative controls, but only amplified the rDNA of P. bahamense var. compressum cultures. The PCR method for identification of P. bahamense var. compressum was also applied on twenty field samples collected with plankton net. P. bahamense var. compressum cells were detected by PCR in five field samples and were confirmed by direct sequencing. From this study, a species-specific primer pair was obtained to identify the target species, P. bahamense var. compressum, among the natural complex communities of seawater.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  17. Fulltext Isolation and rapid identification of streptomonospora, a strictly halophilic filamentous actinomycetes from antarctic soil (Barrientos Island, Antarctic)
    Cheah Y.K., Lee, L.H., Radu, S., Wong, M.C.V.L., Andrade, H.M.
    ASM Science Journal, 2009;3(2):113-120.
    MyJurnal
    The genus Streptomonospora is a group of extremely halophilic filamentous actinomycetes that form a distinct branch in the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree adjacent to the genera Nocardiopsis and Thermobifida, family Norcadiopsaceae. To date, genus Streptomonospora only contain two validly described species which are Streptomonospora salina and Streptomonospora alba. During a biodiversity study on halophilic filamentous actinomycetes from 18 co-ordinates in Barrientos Island, Antarctic, numerous actinomycetes strains were isolated. To identify whether these isolates were members of the genus Streptomonospora, a genus specific primer that allow the rapid detection of the genus Streptomonospora by means of PCR amplification was used. Furthermore molecular cloning was performed to make identical and multiple copies of the target gene. In addition, morphological characteristic identification was performed to validate isolates with positive amplification during PCR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  18. The USM human genome centre experience on molecular diagnostic testing of spinal muscular atrophy
    Fatemeh, H., Watihayati, M.S., Marini, M., NurShafawati, A.R., Atif, A.B., Zabidi-Hussin, Z.A.M.H., et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2007;15(1):24-0.
    MyJurnal
    Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a heredity neuromuscular disorder and is one of the most common genetic causes of childhood fatality. SMA is classified into three groups based on age of onset and achieved motor milestone. Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) gene has been identified as the responsible gene for SMA. From August 2003 until Feb 2007 we have received 93 samples for SMN1 gene deletion analysis from various hospitals in Malaysia. All the patients except for 3 patients were Malaysian (71 Malays, 5 Indians, 9 Chinese and 5 patients are mixed ethnicity). DNA were extracted from blood samples using DNA extraction kit and subjected to SMN/ gene deletion analysis by PCR-RE. Forty nine out of 93 samples (20 type I, 21 type II, and 8 type III) were found to have homozygous deletion of at least exon 7 of the SMN1 gene. Twelve patients (7 type I, 4 type II, 1 type III) showed the presence of the SMN1 gene and the rest were excluded as they did not fulfill the criteria of International SMA Consortium. Deletion analysis of exon 7 of the SMN gene can be an alternative to the existing diagnostic modalities of SMA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  19. Identification of differentially expressed genes in oil palms (Elaeis guineensis) related to infections by Ganoderma boninense
    Mohamad Arif, A.M., Zetty Norhana, B.Y., Abdullah, F., Tan, Su.G., Ismail, S.
    Buletin Persatuan Genetik Malaysia, 2005;11(2):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Basal stem rot (BSR) caused by species Ganoderma, is one of the most serious disease of oil palm in Malaysia. As far as the disease problem to oil palm in Malaysia is concerned, BSR is the only disease requiring urgent solution. The BSR is not new to Malaysia, it has been known to attack oil palm since the early years when the crop was introduced into this country. There is an indication that there are differences in susceptibility to basal stem rot between germplasm materials from different genetic origin [2]. This provides hope in generating oil palm varieties with reduced level of susceptibility using existing genetic materials. There is also interest in developing diagnostic tools such as using PCR primers for detection of the pathogen in oil palms [1]. Altered expression of several classes of genes was observed in plants in response to fungal infection. These include genes associated with cell maintenance and development, genes involved in biosynthesis of lignin and phenolics and genes implicated in oxidative burst, programmed cell death or hypersensitive response [5].
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  20. Fulltext Preliminary study on the occurrence of pten and PIK3CA gene mutations in endometrial cancer among Malaysian women
    Subramaniam, K.S., Wong, M.S., Woo, Y.L., Mat Adenan, N.A., Mohamed, Z., Chung, I., et al.
    JUMMEC, 2013;16(1):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    Genetic mutations in endometrial cancer (EC) have been extensively studied in the Western population but not much in Asian cohorts. This study has demonstrated that PTEN and PIK3CA mutations are commonly found in EC among Malaysian women. Following RNA extraction from 20 cancerous and 18 non-cancerous tissues, the presence of mutations in 9 exons of PTEN and 3 exons of PIK3CA genes were detected using real-time PCR, accompanied by High Resolution Melt (HRM) analysis. Sequencing confirmed specificity of each PCR product. The mutations for both genes were detected in the samples with varying frequencies. Notably, all samples expressed mutation of PTEN at exon 7 but none in exon 4. Further analysis demonstrated that strong concurrent mutations occurred between exons 7 of PTEN with exon 20 region 1 of PIK3CA gene (90%). Our data showed mutations are present in EC and not the non-cancerous tissues. Larger samples are being collected to validate this observation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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