METHODS: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study of consecutive thyrotoxicosis patients seen at the endocrine clinic of a tertiary medical center. Thyroid status was determined biochemically before prolonged exercise test. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes postexercise were compared against pre-exercise amplitudes and recorded as percentage of mean baseline CMAP amplitude. Comparisons of time-dependent postexercise CMAP amplitudes and mean CMAP amplitude decrement were made between hyperthyroid and nonhyperthyroid groups.

RESULTS: Seventy-four patients were recruited, 23 (31%) men, 30 (41%) Chinese, and the mean age was 48.5 ± 16.8 years. Of 74 patients, 32 (43%) were hyperthyroid and 42 (57%) were nonhyperthyroid viz. euthyroid and hypothyroid. Time-dependent CMAP amplitudes from 10 to 45 minutes after exercise were significantly lower in hyperthyroid patients compared with nonhyperthyroid patients (P < 0.01). Mean CMAP amplitude decrement postexercise was significantly greater in hyperthyroid than nonhyperthyroid patients (23.4% ± 11.4% vs. 17.3% ± 10.5%; P = 0.02).

CASE REPORT: In this case series, we report on two cases of WT which had poor response to pre-operative chemotherapy. Both cases underwent surgery after pre-operative chemotherapy and recovery was uneventful during a two-year follow-up.

METHODS: Secondary data analysis of adults aged 18 years and over from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019 was conducted in this study. Characteristics of respondents and those who utilised oral healthcare were described using complex sample descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between the dependent and independent variables. Dependent variable was oral healthcare utilisation in the last 12 months. Independent variables were demographic and socioeconomic factors (predisposing, enabling and need characteristics) based on Andersen's Behavioural Model.

RESULTS: A total of 11,308 respondents, estimated to represent 21.7 million adults aged 18 years and over in Malaysia were included in the analysis. Prevalence of oral healthcare utilisation in the last 12 months was 13.2%. Demographic factors of sex, age, marital status, and socioeconomic factors of education level and occupation as well as health belief such as medical check-up were significantly related to oral healthcare utilisation. Enabling factor of household income quintile had significant association with oral healthcare utilisation. Inequalities were observed; females (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.25, 1.96), younger adults (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.15, 2.33), those who were married (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.23, 2.22), those with higher education (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.23, 3.99), those who had medical check-up in the last 12 months (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.53, 2.25) and those with higher income (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.96) were more likely to utilise oral healthcare.

METHODS: This study included 1740 males (1146 Chinese, 327 Malays and 267 Asian Indians) and 1950 females (1329 Chinese, 360 Malays and 261 Asian Indians) with complete data on anthropometric indices, fasting lipids, smoking status, alcohol consumption, exercise frequency and genotype at the APOE locus.

RESULTS: Malays and Asian Indians were more obese compared with the Chinese. Smoking was uncommon in all females but Malay males had significantly higher prevalence of smokers. Malays had the highest LDL-C whilst Indians had the lowest HDL-C, The epsilon 3 allele was the most frequent allele in all three ethnic groups. Malays had the highest frequency of epsilon 4 (0.180 and 0.152) compared with Chinese (0.085 and 0.087) and Indians (0.108 and 0.075) in males and females, respectively. The epsilon 2 allele was the least common in Asian Indians. Total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C was highest in epsilon 4 carriers and lowest in epsilon 2 carriers. The reverse was seen in HDL-C with the highest levels seen in epsilon 2 subjects. The association between ethnic group and HDL-C differed according to APOE genotype and gender. Asian Indians had the lowest HDL-C for each APOE genotype except in Asian Indian males with epsilon 2, where HDL-C concentrations were intermediate between Chinese and Malays.