Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 6424 in total

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  1. Loo CH, Chan YC, Lee KQ, Tharmalingam P, Tan WC
    Med J Malaysia, 2015 Jun;70(3):177-81.
    PMID: 26248781 MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: Psoriasis is a common, chronic, relapsing, immune-mediated inflammatory disease. Our objective is to review the clinical profile, co-morbidities, and outcome of patients with psoriasis.
    METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of outpatient psoriasis patients attending the dermatology clinic, Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim (HSAH) between January 2012 and June 2014. Data collection was based on Malaysian Psoriasis Registry.
    RESULTS: Among 296 patients with psoriasis, Malays were the most common 175 (59.1%), followed by Indians 82 (27.7%), Chinese 37 (12.5%) and others 2 (0.6%). Male to female ratio was 1.2:1. More than half (54.7%) of the patients had early onset disease (age 40 or less). Only 26 patients (8.8%) have positive family history. The most common clinical presentation was chronic plaque psoriasis (89.9%), followed by erythrodermic psoriasis (4.7%), guttate psoriasis (3.0%) and pustular psoriasis (1.7%). Twenty eight percent had nail involvement while arthropathy was seen only in 14.7%. Common triggers were sunlight (46.0%), stress (31.1%), trauma (5.4%), food (4.0%), pregnancy (4.0%), and upper respiratory tract infections (2.7%). Co-morbidities observed include ischaemic heart disease (7.1%), hypertension (26.7%), dyslipidemia (17.6%), and diabetes mellitus (22.0%). All patients were on topical medications. About 6.8% of the patients were treated with phototherapy. One third of patients (35.5%) were given systemic therapy. Out of these, 84 patients (80.0%) were on methotrexate while only 16 (15.2%) on acitretin. None was on cyclosporine or biologic. In term of disease severity, 41.7% of patients had BSA >10% and 31.4% patients had DLQI > 10.
    CONCLUSION: Our patients show a similar clinical profile and outcome as our Malaysian psoriasis population. However they tend to have a more severe disease. There is a need for a more effective targeted therapy for a better outcome.
    Study site: Dermatology clinic, Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim (HSAH), Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  2. Kiyu A, Hardin S
    Bull World Health Organ, 1992;70(1):125-8.
    PMID: 1568276
    A cross-sectional survey of 976 households in 41 villages covered by the Rural Health Improvement Scheme in Sarawak was carried out to determine the state of functioning and utilization of rural water supplies. The survey was carried out by inspection and interview. About one-third of the systems were functioning well, one-third imperfectly, and the remainder were no longer functioning. The coverage of households by water supply varied with the type of water supply, the overall coverage being 81.3%. Usage varied with the type of water supply and access, the overall figure being 87.1%, and the overall utilization was 70.8%. The study showed that it is important to account for water supply usage in impact evaluation because not all households have access and not all those with access use the water supply. It is also important to define water use, depending on whether the health outcome is a reduction in diseases that are water-borne or related to washing with water, because the percentage of households using the water for drinking is different from those using it for bathing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  3. Jorgensen HS, Singh A
    J Occup Med, 1978 Jun;20(6):385, 389, 391.
    PMID: 671113
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  4. Karniza Khalid, Thyagarajan, Dandaithapani, Muhammad Zul Azri Mohammad Yusof, Ruzita Jamaluddin
    MyJurnal
    Medical professionals work in a constantly stressful environment. The nature of the profession requires routine extended working hours, but little is known about the effect of long working hours on selective physiological measures. A cross-sectional feasibility study was conducted from 1 October 2017 until 30 April 2018 on medical doctors in a tertiary health centre in northwest Malaysia. There was a total of 55 study participants recruited. The overall systolic blood pressure (SBP) was highest after working 24-hour stretch (p=0.006) and the overall diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were highest after working for 33 hours in a single stretch, at the end of on call rotation (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  5. Lei LY, Ismail MA, Mohammad JA, Yusoff MSB
    BMC Psychol, 2020 Sep 11;8(1):97.
    PMID: 32917268 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00466-6
    BACKGROUND: Smartphone plays a vital role in higher education as it serves as a device with multiple functions. Smartphone addiction was reported on the rise among college and university students. The addiction may result in unwanted consequences on their academic performance and psychological health. One factor that consistently relates to psychological distress and smartphone addiction is the neurotic personality trait. This study explored the relationship of smartphone addiction with psychological health and neuroticism among USM medical students.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on medical students in a public medical school. DASS-21, the neuroticism-subscale of USMaP-i and SAS-SV were administered to measure psychological distress, neuroticism, and smartphone addiction of the medical students. Spearman correlation was performed to examine the correlation between smartphone addiction with psychological distress and neuroticism. Simple linear regression was performed to investigate relationship factors of smartphone addiction.

    RESULTS: A total of 574 medical students participated in this study. The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 40.6%. It was higher among male (49.2%) compared to female (36.6%) medical students. The result showed a fair positive correlation between smartphone addiction and psychological health (rdepression = 0.277, p-value

    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  6. Singh VK, Rathore KS, Khan G, Rahim A, Rashid A, Chauhan S
    Malays Orthop J, 2020 Nov;14(3):151-154.
    PMID: 33403076 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2011.023
    Introduction: Fluorosis has been associated with an increased risk of degenerative changes in the knee. Multiple studies have found an association between arthritis and elevated fluoride levels. We aim to delineate if elevated fluoride level has any direct correlation with the degree of radiological grading and clinical symptoms in knee arthritis.

    Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 80 knee arthritis patients was conducted from February 2017 to April 2018. Serum fluoride levels were measured and patient's pain scores, WOMAC scores and radiological grading were correlated with the elevated fluoride levels.

    Results: In our study, 30 out of 80 patients had increased serum fluoride level. Statistically significant differences were noted in VAS score, WOMAC score and Kellgren and Lawrence radiological grades between patients with normal serum fluoride level and those with elevated fluoride level.

    Conclusion: There is an increased risk of knee arthritis in patients with elevated blood fluoride levels and patients with increased fluoride levels are associated with more severe symptoms and radiographic disease.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  7. Selina F, Talha KA, Maw K, Aung T, Ahmed F, Solaiman M
    Mymensingh Med J, 2021 Jan;30(1):123-127.
    PMID: 33397862
    Traditional Direct laryngoscope (DL) has been used by anesthesiologist during intubation for general anesthesia patients for more than a century. Video laryngoscope (VL) helps in better visualization of laryngeal orifice during intubation and reduces intubation time. This was a cross sectional study conducted in two Asian Hospitals Queen Elizabeth II hospital of Kotakinabalu, Malaysia and King Faisal Hospital Taif of Saudi Arabia to assess the first-pass success of video laryngoscope and to compare with direct laryngoscope from July 2015 to December 2017. Random lottery technique was applied for sampling. Participants of both groups (VL and DL) were enrolled by simple lottery method. Total 146 patients were enrolled with a set inclusion criterion. Mallampati class, mouth opening, thyromental distance and mobility of atlantooccipital junction were set as predictors of first-pass success. The first-pass success was 98.7% in mallampati II patients and 92.8% in mallampati III patients. Average success rate was 95.75%. The mean success rate of VL and DL was compared and was found VL had a significantly better first-pass success rate than DL (p<0.05).
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  8. Zhang J, Patwary AK, Sun H, Raza M, Taghizadeh-Hesary F, Iram R
    J Environ Manage, 2021 Feb 01;279:111704.
    PMID: 33348188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111704
    Given the economic growth and energy consumption patterns, most countries are striving to solve the problems of CO2 emissions reduction to achieve sustainable development. This paper employs an improved DEA model to measure energy and environmental efficiency for some selected countries in central and western Europe. In addition, the DEA window evaluation technique is applied to measure cross-sectional efficiency using two inputs (energy consumption, labor force), a desirable output (gross domestic product), and an undesirable output (CO2 emission) for the period from 2010 to 2014. The study finds that the UK ranks the highest position in term of energy and environmental efficiency. This shows that the UK has more effective policies regarding energy efficiency, consumption, production, import and energy intensity measures for sustainable economic growth as well as environmental protection. Ireland is the second-best country after the United Kingdom. The efficiency scores of the two countries are 0.99 and 0.89 respectively. On the empirical outcomes, this study suggests effective reforms in energy sector for countries with less energy efficiency that are still facing the problem of environmental degradation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  9. Ismail I, Joo ST
    Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour, 2017;37(6):873-883.
    PMID: 29725209 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.6.87
    Variations in the definition of poultry meat quality exist because the quality traits are not solely based on intrinsic and extrinsic factors but also consumers' preference. Appearance quality traits (AQT), eating quality traits (EQT), and reliance quality traits (RQT) are the major factors focused by the consumer before buying good quality of poultry meat. AQT and EQT of poultry meat are controlled by physical and biochemical characteristics of muscle fibers which can be categorized into a total number of fibers (TNF), cross-sectional area of fibers (CSAF), and fiber type composition (FTC). In poultry meat, it has been shown that muscle fiber properties play a key role in meat quality because numerous studies have reported the relationships between quality traits and fiber characteristics. Despite intensive research has been carried out to manipulate the muscle fiber to improve poultry meat quality, demand in a rapid growth of poultry muscle has correlated to the deterioration in the meat quality. The present paper reviews the definition of poultry meat quality, meat quality traits, and variations of meat quality. Also, this review presents recent knowledge underlying the relationship between poultry meat quality traits and muscle fiber characteristics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  10. Ismail H, Boedijono D, Hidayat H, Simbardjo D
    Malays Orthop J, 2012 Mar;6(1):18-24.
    PMID: 25279037 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1203.008
    ABSTRACT: Proximal humerus fracture is the second most common fracture of the upper extremity and presents several unique problems such as anatomical complexity, high risk of avascular necrosis, minimal bone stock for purchase, significant morbidity, and lack of a universally accepted treatment. Recent treatments for proximal humerus fractures include use of minimally invasive plate osteosynthysis (MIPO). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the outcomes of our less invasive technique using a modified anterolateral approach for treatment of proximal humerus fractures. Ten such operative procedures were performed in patients of varying age and with varied mechanism of injury from 2002-2011. All cases were conducted in an acute setting. There were no cases of infection and the functional outcome scores were good. This approach represents an alternative treatment for closed proximal humerus fracture but more extensive studies are needed.

    KEY WORDS: Proximal humerus fracture, MIPO, less invasive,anterolateral approach.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  11. Bhaskar Raj N, Saha S, Saha S, Hashim HA, Mohd Zahir NEB, Huda F
    Background: This study was done to identify the problems associated with physical dysfunction in relation to proprioception in osteoarthrosis (OA) of knee. OA is a degenerative joint disorder, which commonly occurs in knee of middle aged and elderly patients, with a high prevalence rate amongst individuals with higher body-mass index. As the Community Orientated Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) reported that, 23% of Malaysians aging more than 55 yrs. and 39% of those aged more than 65 yrs. complained of sharp increase in knee pain.
    Materials and Methods: From a pool of six-hundred ninety-seven elderly individuals suffering from pain in knee, four-hundred forty-four individuals (two hundred fifty-three females and one-hundred ninety-one male patients) aging between fifty-six to sixty-five years were selected on the basis of Kellgren's (Grade - II) criteria of deficit in proprioception. Participants were subjected to assessment of body-composition analyses using the BOD-POD analyser. Extent of proprioception was evaluated by the Isokinetic device and problems associated with stiffness were evaluated by the 3D motion tracking system.
    Results: Following WOMAC assessment protocol, extent of difficulties associated with knee pain was evaluated. Regression analyses reports however revealed that, taller old individuals, if had higher BMI & higher extent of stiffness, were evident as having most difficulty in proprioception.
    Conclusion: Significance of perceived stiffness was evident, which in association with different metabolic indices emerged as significant predictor of deficient proprioception and related knee osteoarthrosis. © 2017 Japan Health Sciences University & Japan International Cultural Exchange Foundation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  12. Musa SA, Raja Abdullah RSA, Sali A, Ismail A, Rashid NEA
    Sensors (Basel), 2019 Jul 29;19(15).
    PMID: 31362452 DOI: 10.3390/s19153332
    The increase in drone misuse by civilian apart from military applications is alarming and need to be addressed. This drone is characterized as a low altitude, slow speed, and small radar cross-section (RCS) (LSS) target and is considered difficult to be detected and classified among other biological targets, such as insects and birds existing in the same surveillance volume. Although several attempts reported the successful drone detection on radio frequency-based (RF), thermal, acoustic, video imaging, and other non-technical methods, however, there are also many limitations. Thus, this paper investigated a micro-Doppler analysis from drone rotating blades for detection in a special Forward Scattering Radar (FSR) geometry. The paper leveraged the identified benefits of FSR mode over conventional radars, such as improved radar cross-section (RCS) value irrespective of radar absorbing material (RAM), direct signal perturbation, and high resolutions. To prove the concept, a received signal model for micro-Doppler analysis, a simulation work, and experimental validation are elaborated and explained in the paper. Two rotating blades aspect angle scenarios were considered, which are (i) when drone makes a turn, the blade cross-sectional area faces the receiver and (ii) when drone maneuvers normally, the cross-sectional blade faces up. The FSR system successfully detected a commercial drone and extracted the micro features of a rotating blade. It further verified the feasibility of using a parabolic dish antenna as a receiver in FSR geometry; this marked an appreciable achievement towards the FSR system performance, which in future could be implemented as either active or passive FSR system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  13. Bukhsh A, Khan TM, Nawaz MS, Ahmed HS, Chan KG, Lee LH, et al.
    Patient Prefer Adherence, 2018;12:2377-2385.
    PMID: 30519003 DOI: 10.2147/PPA.S177314
    Objective: Association of various self-care activities on glycemic control of people with diabetes (PWD) in Pakistan is yet to be explored. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of various diabetes-related self-care activities with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and to examine the predictive relationship of patients' demographic variables with their self-care activities.

    Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult PWD (N=218) who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus of at least 1 year duration. Self-care activities were examined by using the Urdu version of Diabetes Self-management Questionnaire. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the significant predictors for diabetes-related self-care activities and glycemic control.

    Results: Mean age of the patients was 50.77±13.3 years. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c $7%) was observed in majority of the patients (83%). Linear regression analysis revealed that glucose management (β=-0.44; 95% CI -0.438, -0.209; P<0.001) was the strongest predictor for low levels of patients' HbA1c, followed by dietary control (β=-0.19; 95% CI -0.248, -0.018; P=0.024) and physical activity (β=-0.17; 95% CI -0.165, -0.023; P=0.010), respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that use of oral hypoglycemic agents only (β=-0.218; 95% CI -0.956, -0.200; P=0.003) and higher education level (β=0.204; 95% CI 0.138, 0.777; P=0.005) were significant predictors for higher scores of patients' self-care activities.

    Conclusion: The findings support that PWD having better self-reported self-care activities achieve better glycemic control. Patients' self-care activities should be monitored on a regular basis, especially for those who are at risk of poor glycemic control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  14. Abdullah NDT, Radzuwan R, Ab Dini MN
    MyJurnal DOI: 10.24191/joa.v8i2.10107
    Purpose: To examine the relationship between sleeping quality and behavioural outcomes of UiTM Seremban 3 students.
    Methods and sample: A quantitative approach using a modified questionnaire of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Score was employed to examine the sleeping quality and modified version of the Adolescent Behavioral Checklist was used to obtain the response on the behavioural of UiTM Seremban 3, students. 428 respondents from three (3) faculties in the Seremban campus
    participated in this study.
    Findings: The result shows that there is a significant relationship between sleeping quality and behavioural outcomes of the students (r=.118, p<0.05).
    Discussion and Conclusion: This study revealed that there is no significant relationship between sleeping quality and positive behavioural outcomes. However, the result indicated that there is a weak relationship between sleep quality and negative behavioural outcomes. The behaviours of the respondents tend to become
    more negative if they were having poor quality of sleep. The results also suggest that poor sleep quality is not only prevalent among college students but are also associated with negative behavioural outcomes. Therefore, sleeping quality should be considered in the management of students’ health and there is a need for an investigation for possible intervention on sleeping quality of the college students.
    Keywords: sleeping quality, behavioural outcomes, college students
    Study site: University Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Seremban 3, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  15. Mohamad E, Tham JS, Ayub SH, Hamzah MR, Hashim H, Azlan AA
    J Med Internet Res, 2020 11 12;22(11):e23922.
    PMID: 33151897 DOI: 10.2196/23922
    BACKGROUND: There are multiple media platforms and various resources available for information on COVID-19. Identifying people's preferences is key to building public confidence and planning for successful national health intervention strategies.

    OBJECTIVE: This study examines the sources of information for COVID-19 used by the Malaysian public and identifies those that are associated with building public confidence and positive perceptions toward the Malaysian government.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey of 4850 Malaysian residents was conducted. Participant demographics, media use, information sources, and attitudes surrounding COVID-19 were assessed. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to gauge the relationship between demographics, information sources, and attitudes toward COVID-19.

    RESULTS: Malaysians primarily used television and internet news portals to access information on COVID-19. The Malaysian Ministry of Health was the most preferred source of COVID-19 information. Respondents who referred to the Ministry of Health, television, and the Malaysian National Security Council for information were more likely to believe that the country could win the battle against COVID-19 and that the government was handling the health crisis well compared to those who referred to other information sources. Those who used the World Health Organization, friends, YouTube, family, and radio as sources of information were less likely to harbor confidence and positive belief toward combating COVID-19.

    CONCLUSIONS: Managing information and sustaining public confidence is important during a pandemic. Health authorities should pay considerable attention to the use of appropriate media channels and sources to allow for more effective dissemination of critical information to the public.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  16. Ilina I, Salleh Y, Dahlan S, Abdul Shukor H
    Family Physician, 1989;1:29-31.
    A serosurvey of rubella antibody among nursing personnel was carried out. 452 blood samples were received from a total staff of 829. 65% was found to be immune by the radial haemolysis method. The highest immune rate was in the intensive care unit followed by maternity, paediatric and gynaecology wards. The lowest rate was in the ophthalmology ward. This study shows that there is lack of compliance among medical personnel and the high immune rate is compatible with the occupational risk of contact with rubella.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  17. Mohamad-Rodi Isa, Siti-Munira Yasin, Mohammad-Idris Zamhuri
    Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease which also known as Hansen’s disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The social rights and health requirements should not be neglected among the remaining survivors. Although nutritional status and leprosy invasion has been studied in the past, there is still an unclear relationship between these two. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between nutritional status and disability among the leprosy survivors.
    sampling was conducted at Sungai Buloh, Selangor area from June 2014 to July 2014. The degree of disability was assessed using Barthel’s Index and the nutritional status assessment was assessed using Mini Nutritional Assessment. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20.
    Results: A total of 73 patients were involved in the study (60.3% were male and 89.0% were Chinese). The prevalence of disability was 56.2% (95% CI: 44.5 – 67.8) with walking up-stair s the highest item that need help (50.7%). There were 9.6% malnourished and 49.3% were at risk of malnutrition. There was a negative strong correlation between Nutritional score and the Barthel’s index score (Spearman rho, ρ = -0.714, p < 0.001).
    Conclusions: Measures must be taken to improve their nutritional status in order to increase their ability to be more independent particularly those who are very old. The degree of disability increases with malnutrition.
    KEYWORDS: Functional dependence, nutritional status, leprosy
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  18. Darain KMU, Jumaat MZ, Shukri AA, Obaydullah M, Huda MN, Hosen MA, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2016 Jul 19;8(7).
    PMID: 30974542 DOI: 10.3390/polym8070261
    This study investigates the flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened through the combined externally bonded and near-surface mounted (CEBNSM) technique. The externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) and near-surface mounted (NSM) techniques are popular strengthening solutions, although these methods often demonstrate premature debonding failure. The proposed CEBNSM technique increases the bond area of the concrete⁻carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) interface, which can delay the debonding failure. This technique is appropriate when any structure has a narrow cross-sectional width or is in need of additional flexural capacity that an individual technique or material cannot attain. An experimental test matrix was designed with one control and five strengthened RC beams to verify the performance of the proposed technique. The strengthening materials were CFRP bar as NSM reinforcement combined with CFRP fabric as EBR material. The test variables were the diameter of the NSM bars (8 and 10 mm), the thickness of the CFRP fabrics (one and two layers) and the U-wrap anchorage. The strengthened beams showed enhancement of ultimate load capacity, stiffness, cracking behaviour, and strain compatibility. The ultimate capacity of the CEBNSM-strengthened beams increased from 71% to 105% compared to that of the control beam. A simulation method based on the moment-rotation approach was also presented to predict the behaviour of CEBNSM-strengthened RC beams.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  19. Kamaluddin MR, Mahat NA, Mat Saat GA, Othman A, Anthony IL, Kumar S, et al.
    PMID: 33803514 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063113
    The escalating trend of murder victim concealment worldwide appears worrying, and literature does not reveal any specific study focusing on victim concealment amongst convicted male Malaysian murderers. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the psychological traits that may underlie the act of murder concealment in Malaysia via mixed method approaches. Male murderers (n = 71) from 11 prisons were selected via purposive sampling technique. In the quantitative analysis, a cross-sectional study design using the validated questionnaire was used. The questionnaire contained murder concealment variables and four Malay validated psychometric instruments measuring: personality traits, self-control, aggression, and cognitive distortion. The independent sample t-tests revealed the significantly higher level of anger in murderers who did not commit concealment acts (8.55 ± 2.85, p < 0.05) when compared with those who did so (6.40 ± 2.64). Meanwhile, the Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed that anger and the personality trait of aggressiveness-hostility significantly varied across the different groups of murder concealment acts (p < 0.05). The qualitative data obtained via the in-depth interviews revealed two important themes for the murderers to commit murder concealment acts: (1) fear of discovery and punishment and (2) blaming others. These findings discussed from the perspectives of the murderers within the context of criminology and psychology may provide the first ever insight into the murder concealment acts in Malaysia that can benefit the relevant authorities for crime prevention and investigation efforts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
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