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  1. Fulltext A study of knowledge and attitudes towards contraception among health care staff in Kelantan (Malaysia)
    Suhaimi H, Monga D, Siva A
    Singapore Med J, 1996 Feb;37(1):51-4.
    PMID: 8783914
    OBJECTIVE: To study the knowledge, attitudes and practices on various contraceptive methods among all government health clinic staff in the state of Kelantan.
    DESIGN: Questionnaire-based study.
    SETTING: All government health clinics in the state of Kelantan which are health facilities located outside the general hospital and seven district hospitals.
    SUBJECTS: All 711 nursing staff employed in government health clinics in Kelantan state (sisters, staff nurses, assistant nurses and midwives).
    METHOD: Pretested, prestructured proforma was sent out to all the nursing staff employed in all peripheral health centres to be completed by them and returned the same day via the medical officer in charge of that district.
    RESULTS: Most of the respondents were more than 30 years of age, married, multiparous and working for more than 5 years. Eighty to ninety percent practised contraception, with the majority of midwives preferring pills and the majority of staff nurses preferring condoms. Thirty to forty percent from all groups felt that folk methods are effective, and should be encouraged. Only about 50% of staff nurses are well informed on all contraceptive methods, but among assistant nurses and midwives, this figure is only 33%. A high proportion felt that the nursing curriculum deals inadequately with this subject.
    CONCLUSION: The first step towards achieving success in our family planning programme lies in imparting more information to this target group of health workers, by incorporating more lectures during training and sending them for courses.
    PIP: 711 government health clinic nursing staff in Kelantan state were surveyed about their knowledge, attitudes, and use of various contraceptive methods. 11 sisters, 122 staff nurses, 173 assistant nurses, and 334 midwives returned the questionnaire the same day of receipt. Most respondents were older than age 30 years, married, multiparous, and working for more than 5 years. 80-90% practiced contraception, with the majority of midwives preferring oral pills and the majority of staff nurses preferring condoms. 30-40% from each subgroup of respondents believed folk methods of contraception are effective and worthy of being encouraged. Approximately 50%, 33%, and 33% of staff nurses, assistant nurses, and midwives, respectively, were well informed on all contraceptive methods. A high proportion of staff felt that the nursing curriculum fails to adequately address the subject. The authors stress that in order to realize success in the family planning program, more information must first be imparted to these health personnel. To that end, more lectures could be provided during training, followed by frequent and thorough refresher courses for all nursing staff.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  2. Work ethics of clinic staff at health clinic. [Amalan etika kerja oleh anggota yang bertugas di klinik kesihatan]
    Evi Diana, O., Roslan, J., Noafizah, M., Siti Zubaidah, A.
    Journal of Health Management, 2012;10(1):18-29.
    MyJurnal
    Purpose- Work ethics are practice and speed that should be practiced during working. This study was conducted to identify positive work ethics among health clinic staff who work at the counter and in the clinic
    Design/methodology/approach- This study was carried out from January 2008 until December 2008. Health Clinic staff who work at the counter and in the clinic were chosen as respondents. Self- administered questionnaire was used to gain feedback on work ethic practice among staff. The questionnaire consists of evaluation questions on staff in the respondent's deoaftment
    Findings- From the study, approximately B0% of staff have practiced positive work ethics, From 15 work ethics practices, there were only three that should be give attention; i.e. (i) gossiping, (ii) apathetic on reprimand and advice, and (iii) hot- tempered, Improvement strategies need to be formed especially strengthening the soft skills courses and increasing the communication skills to the counter staff, It is also wise to form a leader as a'role model' in improving effective supervisory skills in service counter. Keywords: Work Ethics, Counter Staff, Clinic Staff, Health Clinic
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel*
  3. Fulltext ‘oQ-Ba’ the universal bins trolley
    Aryane Suwin, Faye Borine, Hasya Putri Sari Amrizal, Muhammad Fakhrulraazi Rajiei, Muhammad Hafizul Zainal, Muhammad Syamil Zolpakar, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):53-0.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Clinical and sharp bins are commonly found in clinical settings. The usage of these bins is vital to ensure that health care facilities remain hygienic, free from any microbial transmissions and incidences of needle stick injuries. ‘oQ-Ba’ is a Japanese phrase that means bin. In real clinical settings, it is difficult to gather all bins at once while performing procedure due to limitations of space, frequency and mobility of bins. Therefore, ‘oQ-Ba’ the Universal Bins Trolley is developed to improve the waste management practice and increase the efficiency and effectivity of care delivery. Methods: A total of 40 respondents comprised of staffs from Emergency and Trauma De- partment and Haemodialysis Unit at Serian District Hospital were selected to use “oQ-Ba” the Universal Bins Trolley. They were given self-administered questionnaires pre and post-trials whichcomposed of ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers to ob- tain feedbacks on the effectiveness of this project. Descriptive statistics include frequencies, means and percentages were used to analyze the data using the SPSS version 22. Results: The staffs found that the prototype helps to ensure the availability of the three bins as the bins are all attached together under one compartment. The staffs also found that the prototype is more convenient compared to the existing waste bins because of its mobility and unique design which consumed little amount of space. Conclusion: ‘oQ-Ba’ the Universal Bins Trolley provides handful of benefits to medical practitioners as it can ensure the availability of the three bins during a procedure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  4. Fulltext Socio-economic development and mortality patterns and trends in Malaysia
    Tan Poo Chang, Kwok Kwan Kit, Tan Boon Ann, Shyamala Nagaraj, Tey Nai Peng, Siti Norazah Zulkifli
    Asia Pac Popul J, 1987 Mar;2(1):3-20.
    PMID: 12341034
    PIP: Morality in Peninsular Malaysia has reached a level that is quite similar to that prevailing in the low mortality countries. This article systematically documents changes in mortality levels and differentials in Malaysia over time and relates these to changes in development indicators and health-related policies. Remedial measures undertaken by the authorities including the expansion of hospital and health services into the estates, together with a comprehensive malaria-eradication program, improvements in sanitation laws, and increased provision of public utilities and education, resulted in beriberi being eliminated and the incidence of malaria, typhus, and smallpox being greatly reduced by the time of World War II. The gain in life expectancy over the period of 1957-1979 was greatest for the Malay, the most significant period being 1957-1967, which saw the introduction of rural health programs. The infant mortality rate and the neonatal and post-neonatal rates declined substantially for all ethnic groups in Peninsular Malaysia for the same time period. Although the lower infant mortality of the Chinese can be explained by their advantageous socioeconomic position the same reason cannot explain the lower decline in infant mortality levels of the Indians. Much still needs to be done to narrow, if not to eliminate, the existing mortality differentials of different groups in the country. Overall, the quality of life of the general population can be further enhanced by reducing the high mortality level of disadvantaged groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel*
  5. Fulltext Knowledge and practice among nurses on management of tuberculosis in a teaching hospital
    Hng, S.H., Siti Nabihah, S., Siti Nabilah, S.
    Medicine & Health, 2018;13(1):153-164.
    MyJurnal
    Tuberculosis (TB) has become a worldwide public concern with 10.4 million new cases reported in 2015 and 1.4 million deaths. More importantly, an increase in trend in TB incidence among healthcare workers has become a major concern. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the knowledge and practice towards TB and the factors associated with it among nurses in a teaching hospital. The present study used cross-sectional design and stratified sampling method. A total of 275 nurses in a teaching hospital participated in this study. The knowledge and practice on management of TB was measured using a structured questionnaire. Majority of the respondents had good knowledge and practice on management of TB represented by 70.2% and 63.3%, respectively. However, knowledge gap (1.8%) and practice gap (0.4%) were identified in method of sputum collection. Work place setting was the only demographic factor found significantly associated with level of knowledge and practice (p=0.028). Level of knowledge and practice on management of TB identified among nurses was not associated with many socio-demographic factors. Nurses as frontline healthcare workers are at high risk of being exposed due to frequent contact with various patients especially those who are undiagnosed and TB suspect patients. Hence, implementation of TB Infection Control (TBIC) measures is important to minimize the risk of infection and cross-infection within hospital.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  6. Fulltext Back to basic: bio-burden on hands of health care personnel in tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia
    Wong JL, Siti Azrin AH, Narizan MI, Norliah Y, Noraida M, Amanina A, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2014 Sep;31(3):534-9.
    PMID: 25382481 MyJurnal
    Hands of Health Care Personnel (HCP) are one of the most common vehicles for the transmission of infection. Microorganisms can survive well on the hands of HCP for a certain duration. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to bring awareness to HCP that their hands can actually be contaminated with many microorganisms. These microbes on the hands of HCP can potentially infect their patients if they do not comply with the proper hand hygiene practice. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a randomly selected Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and general ward in a hospital. Twenty five HCP from each ward were randomly selected and their hands were imprinted on blood culture plates. Microorganism growth were quantified and identified. Data were analyzed and presented as descriptive analysis. One hundred blood agar plates were processed and analyzed. Majority (71%) of the samples had more than 50 colony-forming units (CFU) and only 17% of the samples had less than 25 CFU. Microorganisms identified include Staphylococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., Moraxella, Delftiaacidovorans and fungi. All isolated microorganisms were antibiotic sensitive strain. This study showed that the hands of HCP were contaminated with many microorganisms. Therefore, it is imperative that HCP must practice proper hand hygiene when taking care of their patients in the wards.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel*
  7. A survey evaluating nurses' perception and expectations towards the role of pharmacist in Pakistan's healthcare system
    Azhar S, Hassali MA, Mohamed Ibrahim MI, Saleem F, Siow Yen L
    J Adv Nurs, 2012 Jan;68(1):199-205.
    PMID: 21658097 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05728.x
    This paper is a report of a study of nurses' perception towards the role of pharmacist in Pakistan healthcare setup.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attitude of Health Personnel*
  8. Fulltext The prevalence of accidental needle stick injury and their reporting among healthcare workers in orthopaedic wards in General Hospital Melaka, Malaysia
    Bhardwaj, A., Sivapathasundaram, N., Yusof, M. F., Minghat, A. H., Swe, K. M. M., Sinha, N. K.
    Malays Orthop J, 2014;8(2):6-13.
    MyJurnal
    Accidental needle-stick injuries (NSIs) are a hazard for health-care workers and general public health. Orthopaedic surgeons may be more prone to NSIs due to the prevalence of bone spikes in the operative field and the use of sharp orthopaedic instruments such as drills, saws and wires. A hospital-based cross sectional study was conducted in the orthopedic wards of Melaka General Hospital. The prevalence of NSIs was 32 (20.9%) and majority of it occurred during assisting in operation theatre 13(37.4%). Among them six (18.8%) were specialist, 12(37.5%) medical officer, 10 (31.2%) house officer and four staff nurses (12.5%). Among the respondents 142 (92.8%) had been immunized against Hepatitis B and 148 (96.7%) participants had knowledge regarding universal precaution. The incidence of NSI among health care workers at orthopaedics ward was not any higher in comparison with the similar studies and it was found out that the prevalence was more in junior doctors compared with specialist and staff nurses and it was statistically significant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  9. Using tracers to link health services to training through evaluation
    Bandaranayake RC, Singh PJ
    Med Educ, 1993 Nov;27(6):509-17.
    PMID: 8208159
    The tracer concept was applied to evaluate the delivery of family health care and the training of family health workers. A retrospective evaluation permitted linking the products of care to process, input and context, by isolating and analysing potential factors contributing to a limited number of representative concerns. Contributory learning deficiencies identified in health workers, one input to health care as well as a product of training, enabled the evaluation of training programmes to be focused on related segments of the courses. The latter were evaluated through a pathway analysis which followed the same deficiency model as the evaluation of health care. Links were thus established between the traditionally compartmentalized training and service sectors in health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel/education*
  10. The indigenous midwife in Asia--supporter or opponent of family planning?
    Simons J
    IPPF Med Bull, 1975 Oct;9(5):1-3.
    PMID: 12258616
    PIP: A traditional birth attendant, also known as an indigenous midwife, is the main provider in many developing countries of obstetric services. Due to this unique position, the traditional birth attendant has been considered as possibly the ideal person to deliver family planning services in her local community. This consideration has influenced program policy in many countries and consequently there is information available to aid in the determination of whether to involve traditional birth attendants and, if so, how to best use them. There have been 2 opposing views in response to the involvement of traditional birth attendants. 1 view regards them as potential innovators. She is seen as ideally placed both physically and socially to act as a representative of the family planning program to her patients. The traditional birth attendant is the acknowledged and often prestigous expert on obstetrics matters, including at times traditional methods of birth control. The alternative view is less hopeful for rather than identifying the traditional birth attendant as an innovator it regards her as a firm opponent of innovation, a determined conventionalist. Pro gram experience in India, Pakistan, Indonesia and East Java and experime ntal studies in the Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand along with anthr opological inquiries generally support the skeptical view but none of the findings imply that the traditional birth attendant should be ignored by the family planning programs. In the intermediate positions of many actual programs, the wisest plan seems to be to ensure that the potential contribution of the traditional birth attendant is neither overlooked nor exaggerated
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  11. Post-mortem pulmonary tuberculosis: comparison of available diagnostic methods
    Chainchel Singh MK, Johari B, Naik VR, Lai PS, Siew SF
    Trop Biomed, 2023 Jun 01;40(2):165-169.
    PMID: 37650402 DOI: 10.47665/tb.40.2.006
    Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a serious public health threat with the World Health Organisation (WHO) reporting 5.8 million cases and 1.3 million deaths in the year 2020 due to TB. TB can be diagnosed by imaging, histopathological and bacteriological methods with culture remaining the gold standard. This study was performed to look at the sensitivity and specificity of post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) imaging when compared to culture in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis. This was a retrospective comparative study looking at post mortem cases where lung tissue samples sent for TB culture at Hospital Kuala Lumpur were compared against PMCT imaging. Exclusion criteria included contaminated samples, decomposed cases, immunocompromised subjects and those below 18 years of age. Subjects included 80 medico-legal autopsy cases at the National Institute of Forensic Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia who had whole body PMCT done in accordance with the Institute's protocol and tissue samples sent for bacteriology culture for tuberculosis. PMCT findings were positively associated with acid-fast organisms in 23.5 out of 33 cases (71.2%). Our study also showed that PMCT had a sensitivity of 71.3% and specificity of 54.3% (95% CI: 39.5-68.4) in diagnosing TB based on the protocol set in this study. This study showed that there was relatively good agreement between radiological PMCT findings and bacterial culture, suggesting that radiological examination is a relatively reliable tool for preliminary screening and possible diagnosis of TB prior to a postmortem examination which would be beneficial in reducing the risk of transmission of TB to health workers during autopsy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  12. Fulltext The prevalence and risk factors of sexual dysfunction in gynaecological cancer patient
    Tee, B.C., Ahmad Rasidi, M.S., Mohd Rushdan, M.N., Ismail, A., Sidi, H.
    Medicine & Health, 2014;9(1):53-61.
    MyJurnal
    Sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent in gynaecological cancer patients. Most of the time, sexual dysfunction in gynaecological cancer is underdiagnosed as there is overlapping of symptoms with other psychological morbidities, interplaying of multiple risks, patients’ reluctance to complain or incompetence of health care provider to assess. Determining the risk factors of sexual dysfunction in cancer patients enables us to pay more attention to those who are vulnerable and to device strategies for early detection, prevention and treatment of sexual dysfunction in them. The main aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its risk factors in gynaecological cancer patients in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Star, Malaysia. Sexual function of eighty-three gynaecological cancer patients who were married were assessed with self-rated MVFSFI (Malay version Female Sexual Function Index). Self-rated WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization- Quality of Life- 26) which assessed the domains of quality of life was used while MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview) was used for diagnosis of major depressive disorder. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among the married gynaecological cancer patients was 65% (54/83). Sexual dysfunction was significantly associated with low education level (OR 3.055, CI 1.009-9.250), shorter duration of cancer (OR 0.966, CI 0.966- 0.998), ongoing chemotherapy (OR 3.045, CI 1.149-8.067), pain perception (OR 3.230, CI 1.257-8.303), absence of sexual intercourse for more than one month (OR 1.862) and three domains of quality of life such as physical health, psychological health and social relationship (OR 0.942, CI 0.908-0.978; OR 0.955, CI 0.916-0.995; OR 0.933, CI 0.894-0.973, respectively). However, sexual dysfunction was not associated with major depressive disorder (χ2 ² = 1.224, p = 0.268). The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in gynaecological cancer patients was comparable to other studies of similar population. Since, the risk factors of sexual dysfunction in gynaecological cancer patients are multidimensional, the process of assessment and management need to be holistic and patient-oriented.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  13. Reliability and validity of the Malay version of Attitudes toward Lesbians and Gay Men (MVATL/MVATG): a study on a group of medical students in Malaysia
    Ng CG, Tan LK, Gill JS, Koh OH, Jambunathan S, Pillai SK, et al.
    Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2013 Apr;5 Suppl 1:118-22.
    PMID: 23857847 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12056
    INTRODUCTION: This study aims to examine the validity and reliability of the Malay version of Attitudes toward Lesbians and Gay Men (MVATL/MVATG) among a group of medical students in Malaysia.
    METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study of 173 medical students in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The participants were given the MVATL/MVATG, Index of Attitudes toward Homosexuals (IATH), Homosexuality Attitude Scale (HAS) and the English version of Attitude toward Lesbians and Gay Men. Two weeks later, these students were given the MVATLG again.
    RESULTS: Significant correlation was found between the individual scores of MVATL and MVATG with IATH and HAS in the results. The scale was able to differentiate Muslim and Non-Muslim subjects. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of both the MVATL and MVATG were good, at 0.76 and 0.82, respectively. The parallel form reliability (Pearson's correlation) of MVATL was 0.0.73 and 0.74 for MVATG. The test-retest reliability of MVATL/MVATG was good (Intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.67 for MVATL and 0.60 for MVATG).
    DISCUSSION: The MVATLG demonstrated good psychometric properties in measuring attitudes toward homosexuality among a group of medical students in Malaysia and it could be used as a simple instrument on young educated Malaysian adults.
    KEYWORDS: Malaysia; attitude; gay men; homosexuality; lesbians; validation
    Matched MeSH terms: Attitude of Health Personnel*
  14. Biomedical waste management associated with infectious diseases among health care professionals in apex hospitals of a typical south asian city
    Nosheen F, Malik N, Mehmood Z, Jabeen F, Mahmood A, Ibrahim M, et al.
    Environ Res, 2022 Dec;215(Pt 2):114240.
    PMID: 36103930 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114240
    Biomedical waste from healthcare activities poses a higher hazard of infection and damage than other types of trash. The main objective of the study was to assess the awareness knowledge and practices of biomedical waste management (BMWM) among health care professionals in the health care units. The cross-sectional study was carried out to access the awareness, knowledge and practices of health care professionals for BMWM. Using a qualitative approach, the study was escorted in two Apex hospitals i.e. the Allied Hospital and the District Head Quarter Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan from August 5, 2019 to October 15, 2019. More than 90% of respondents knew the phrase BMWM, but just 35.4% had awareness about biomedical waste regulations. About 71.6% of the respondents were familiar with biomedical waste's color-coding segregation. The study concludes gap in the awareness, knowledge and practices for BMWM. The sanitary workers of the hospitals had no knowledge about BMWM and the BMWM/healthcare waste management rule 2005 established in Pakistan due to the lack of training regarding waste management and the segregation process. Some of the staff members were aware of the BMWM practices under the rules and regulations of Pakistan but were unable to implement at their work place. It is necessary to dispose of the biomedical waste according to the established terms and conditions of BMWM rules (2005) of Pakistan. Weak structure of BMWM was observed at the study sites due to the lack of training, liabilities and absence of penalties against improper biomedical waste disposal as violation of the rules and regulations. It's a dire need of the time to consider the biomedical waste as hazardous waste and make policies for its safe disposal and ensure the implementation of the policies in all the medical centers of Pakistan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  15. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by tribal and native people of Madhupur forest area, Bangladesh
    Islam MK, Saha S, Mahmud I, Mohamad K, Awang K, Jamal Uddin S, et al.
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2014 Feb 3;151(2):921-30.
    PMID: 24342778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.056
    Madhupur forest area, Tangail is one of early human settlements in Bangladesh. Having abode in the vicinity of the forest, a strong ethnobotanical practice has prevailed in this area since ancient time. Due to the rapid deforestation during the last few decades, many plants have already disappeared or are facing extinction. Thus we attempted to document the medicinal plant use of Madhupur forest area with a view to preserve the ethnobotanical knowledge and in order to protect the biodiversity of this area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  16. Could the academic advisor, intrinsic motivation, and time management influence students' attitudes towards research work on campus?
    Miraj M, Chuntian L, Rehman RU, Osei-Bonsu R, Mohd Said R, Ali R, et al.
    Work, 2022;73(4):1365-1378.
    PMID: 36093656 DOI: 10.3233/WOR-205237
    BACKGROUND: Research is essential and necessary for those who love learning, whether they belong to a research institution or not. Numerous elements influence researchers' attitudes towards good research work, but in this study we focus on the most significant ones: advisor support, intrinsic motivation, timing, and planning.

    OBJECTIVES: The current study aims at motivating readers to help improve students' attitudes towards research work within the university context.

    METHOD: The target demographic of the current research comprises masters and doctoral students from three major public institutions in Xi'an, China. We aimed to examine the effects of the variables and the study employed correlation and stepwise regression.

    RESULTS: The results show that advisor support influences attitudes towards research positively and significantly (β= 0.20, p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Attitude of Health Personnel
  17. Fulltext Health Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices about Pharmacovigilance in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Bhagavathula AS, Elnour AA, Jamshed SQ, Shehab A
    PLoS One, 2016;11(3):e0152221.
    PMID: 27010447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152221
    BACKGROUND: Spontaneous or voluntary reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is one of the vital roles of all health professionals. In India, under-reporting of ADRs by health professionals is recognized as one of the leading causes of poor ADR signal detection. Therefore, reviewing the literature can provide a better understanding of the status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of Pharmacovigilance (PV) activities by health professionals.

    METHODS: A systematic review was performed through Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar scientific databases. Studies pertaining to KAP of PV and ADR reporting by Indian health professionals between January 2011 and July 2015 were included in a meta-analysis.

    RESULTS: A total of 28 studies were included in the systematic review and 18 of them were selected for meta-analysis. Overall, 55.6% (95% CI 44.4-66.9; p<0.001) of the population studied were not aware of the existence of the Pharmacovigilance Programme in India (PvPI), and 31.9% (95% CI 16.3-47.4; p<0.001) thought that "all drugs available in the market are safe". Furthermore, 28.7% (95% CI 16.4-40.9; p<0.001) of them were not interested in reporting ADRs and 74.5%, (95% CI 67.9-81.9; p<0.001) never reported any ADR to PV centers.

    CONCLUSION: There was an enormous gap of KAP towards PV and ADR reporting, particularly PV practice in India. There is therefore an urgent need for educational awareness, simplification of the ADR reporting process, and implementation of imperative measures to practice PV among healthcare professionals. In order to understand the PV status, PvPI should procedurally assess the KAP of health professionals PV activities in India.

    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel/psychology*
  18. Fulltext Knowledge and Practice on Injection Safety among Primary Health Care Workers in Kaski District, Western Nepal
    Gyawali S, Rathore DS, Shankar PR, Kc VK, Jha N, Sharma D
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jan;23(1):44-55.
    PMID: 27540325
    BACKGROUND: Unsafe injection practice can transmit various blood borne infections. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of injection safety among injection providers, to obtain information about disposal of injectable devices, and to compare the knowledge and practices of urban and rural injection providers.

    METHODS: The study was conducted with injection providers working at primary health care facilities within Kaski district, Nepal. Ninety-six health care workers from 69 primary health care facilities were studied and 132 injection events observed. A semi-structured checklist was used for observing injection practice and a questionnaire for the survey. Respondents were interviewed to complete the questionnaire and obtain possible explanations for certain observed behaviors.

    RESULTS: All injection providers knew of at least one pathogen transmitted through use/re-use of unsterile syringes. Proportion of injection providers naming hepatitis/jaundice as one of the diseases transmitted by unsafe injection practice was significantly higher in urban (75.6%) than in rural (39.2%) area. However, compared to urban respondents (13.3%), a significantly higher proportion of rural respondents (37.3%) named Hepatitis B specifically as one of the diseases transmitted. Median (inter-quartile range) number of therapeutic injection and injectable vaccine administered per day by the injection providers were 2 (1) and 1 (1), respectively. Two handed recapping by injection providers was significantly higher in urban area (33.3%) than in rural areas (21.6%). Most providers were not aware of the post exposure prophylaxis guideline.

    CONCLUSION: The knowledge of the injection providers about safe injection practice was acceptable. The use of safe injection practice by providers in urban and rural health care facilities was almost similar. The deficiencies noted in the practice must be addressed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel
  19. Fulltext African midwifery students' self-assessed confidence in antenatal care: a multi-country study
    Hildingsson I, Lindgren H, Karlström A, Christensson K, Bäck L, Mudokwenyu-Rawdon C, et al.
    Glob Health Action, 2019;12(1):1689721.
    PMID: 31747850 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1689721
    Background: Evidence-based antenatal care is one cornerstone in Safe Motherhood and educated and confident midwives remain to be optimal caregivers in Africa. Confidence in antenatal midwifery skills is important and could differ depending on the provision of education among the training institutions across Africa.Objective: The aim of the study was to describe and compare midwifery students' confidence in basic antenatal skills, in relation to age, sex, program type and level of program.Methods: A survey in seven sub-Saharan African countries was conducted. Enrolled midwifery students from selected midwifery institutions in each country presented selfreported data on confidence to provide antenatal care. Data were collected using a selfadministered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 22 antenatal skills based on the competency framework from the International Confederation of Midwives. The skills were grouped into three domains; Identify fetal and maternal risk factors and educate parents; Manage and document emergent complications and Physical assessment and nutrition.Results: In total, 1407 midwifery students from seven Sub-Saharan countries responded. Almost one third (25-32%) of the students reported high levels of confidence in all three domains. Direct entry programs were associated with higher levels of confidence in all three domains, compared to post-nursing and double degree programs. Students enrolled at education with diploma level presented with high levels of confidence in two out of three domains.Conclusions: A significant proportion of student midwives rated themselves low on confidence to provide ANC. Midwifery students enrolled in direct entry programs reported higher levels of confidence in all domains. It is important that local governments develop education standards, based on recommendations from the International Confederation of midwives. Further research is needed for the evaluation of actual competence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Attitude of Health Personnel
  20. Mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between organizational support and nurses' outcomes: A cross-sectional study
    Pahlevan Sharif S, Ahadzadeh AS, Sharif Nia H
    J Adv Nurs, 2018 Apr;74(4):887-899.
    PMID: 29117444 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13501
    AIM: To examine the relationship between organizational support for nursing practice and nurse-assessed quality of care and nurses' job satisfaction in hospital settings and to investigate the mediating role of psychological well-being in the aforementioned relationships.

    BACKGROUND: There has been growing concern about quality of care in healthcare organizations. The past research has documented the effect of nurse practice environment on nurses' quality of care and job satisfaction. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism behind these associations.

    DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken.

    METHODS: Data were collected from two large public hospitals in Iran between February - March 2017. A sample of 345 nurses participated in the study. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and partial least squared-structural equation modelling.

    RESULTS: The results showed that nurses' perception of organizational support was related to their quality of care, job satisfaction and psychological well-being. Also, there was a positive relationship between nurses' psychological well-being and their quality of care and job satisfaction. Moreover, psychological well-being partially mediated the relationship between organizational support with nurse-assessed quality of care and nurses' job satisfaction.

    CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that organizational support for nursing practice and psychological well-being are two factors that contribute to caring behaviour of nurses and their job satisfaction. Also, positively perceived organizational support generates favourable psychological well-being which in turn enhances nurses' quality of care and job satisfaction. The findings highlight the importance of establishing a supportive nurse practice environment and paying attention to the nurses' psychological well-being in healthcare sectors.

    Matched MeSH terms: Attitude of Health Personnel*
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