Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 370 in total

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  1. Pb(II) biosorption using chitosan and chitosan derivatives beads: equilibrium, ion exchange and mechanism studies
    Ngah WS, Fatinathan S
    J Environ Sci (China), 2010;22(3):338-46.
    PMID: 20614774
    The study examined the adsorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution onto chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads. Several important parameters influencing the adsorption of Pb(II) ions such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage and different initial concentration of Pb(II) ions were evaluated. The mechanism involved during the adsorption process was explored based on ion exchange study and using spectroscopic techniques. The adsorption capacities obtained based on non-linear Langmuir isotherm for chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads in single metal system were 34.98, 14.24 and 60.27 mg/g, respectively. However, the adsorption capacity of Pb(II) ions were reduced in the binary metal system due to the competitive adsorption between Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions. Based on the ion exchange study, the release of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+ ions played an important role in the adsorption of Pb(II) ions by all three adsorbents but only at lower concentrations of Pb(II) ions. Infrared spectra showed that the binding between Pb(II) ions and the adsorbents involved mostly the nitrogen and oxygen atoms. All three adsorbents showed satisfactory adsorption capacities and can be considered as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hexuronic Acids/chemistry
  2. Fulltext In vitro fermentation of broiler cecal content: the role of lactobacilli and pH value on the composition of microbiota and end products fermentation
    Meimandipour A, Shuhaimi M, Hair-Bejo M, Azhar K, Kabeir BM, Rasti B, et al.
    Lett Appl Microbiol, 2009 Oct;49(4):415-20.
    PMID: 19725887 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02674.x
    To assess the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus agilis JCM 1048 and L. salivarius ssp. salicinius JCM 1230 and the pH on the cecal microflora of chicken and metabolic end products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry
  3. An intensified esterification process of palm oil fatty acid distillate catalyzed by delipidated rice bran lipase
    Chong FC, Tey BT, Dom ZM, Ibrahim N, Rahman RA, Ling TC
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2006 Sep 07;6:1124-31.
    PMID: 16964369
    An intensified esterification process was operated by circulating 10 l of reaction mixtures, consisting of palm oil fatty acid distillate (PFAD) and glycerol in hexane, through a packed-bed reactor (PBR) filled with 10 kg of delipidated rice bran lipase (RBL). The influence of the process parameters, such as reaction temperature and type of water-removal agent, on the performance of this intensified esterification process were investigated. The highest degree of esterification (61%) was achieved at a reaction temperature of 65 masculineC, using silica gels as the water-removal agent. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis showed that the major composition of the esterified product was diacylglycerol.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry*
  4. Optical fibre chemical sensor for trace vanadium(V) determination based on newly synthesized palm based fatty hydroxamic acid immobilized in polyvinyl chloride membrane
    Isha A, Yusof NA, Ahmad M, Suhendra D, Yunus WM, Zainal Z
    Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 2007 Aug;67(5):1398-402.
    PMID: 17141557
    Fatty hydroxamic acid (FHA) immobilized in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has been studied as a sensor element of an optical fibre chemical sensor for V(V). By using this instrument, V(V) in solution has been determined in the log concentration range of 0-2.5 (i.e. 1.0-300 mg/L). The detection limit was 1.0 mg/L. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of the method for the reproducibility study at V(V) concentration of 200 mg/L and 300 mg/L were calculated to be 2.9% and 2.0%, respectively. Interference from foreign ions was also studied at 1:1 mole ratio of V(V):foreign ions. It was found that, Fe(III) ion interfered most in the determination of vanadium(V). Excellent agreement with ICP-AES method was achieved when the proposed method was applied towards determination of V(V).
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydroxamic Acids/chemistry
  5. Dissolution and delignification of bamboo biomass using amino acid-based ionic liquid
    Muhammad N, Man Z, Bustam MA, Mutalib MI, Wilfred CD, Rafiq S
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2011 Oct;165(3-4):998-1009.
    PMID: 21720837 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9315-y
    In the present work, the dissolution of bamboo biomass was tested using a number of ionic liquids synthesized in laboratory. It was observed that one of the synthesized amino acid-based ionic liquids, namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium glycinate, was capable of dissolving the biomass completely. The dissolved biomass was then regenerated using a reconstitute solvent (acetone/water) and was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results were compared to preconditioned bamboo biomass. The regenerated biomass was found to have a more homogenous macrostructure, which indicates that the crystalline form and structure of its cellulose has changed from type Ι to type ΙΙ during the dissolution and regeneration process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Amino Acids/chemistry
  6. Chemometric analysis of lipase-catalyzed synthesis of xylitol esters in a solvent-free system
    Adnani A, Basri M, Chaibakhsh N, Ahangar HA, Salleh AB, Rahman RN, et al.
    Carbohydr Res, 2011 Mar 1;346(4):472-9.
    PMID: 21276966 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.12.023
    Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed esterification of xylitol and two fatty acids (capric and caproic acid) were studied in a solvent-free system. The Taguchi orthogonal array method based on three-level-four-variables with nine experiments was applied for the analysis and optimization of the reaction parameters including time, substrate molar ratio, amount of enzyme, and amount of molecular sieve. The obtained conversion was higher in the esterification of xylitol and capric acid with longer chain length. The optimum conditions derived via the Taguchi approach for the synthesis of xylitol caprate and xylitol caproate were reaction time, 29 and 18h; substrate molar ratio, 0.3 and 1.0; enzyme amount, 0.20 and 0.05g, and molecular sieve amount of 0.03g, respectively. The good correlation between the predicted conversions (74.18% and 61.23%) and the actual values (74.05% and 60.5%) shows that the model derived from the Taguchi orthogonal array can be used for optimization and better understanding of the effect of reaction parameters on the enzymatic synthesis of xylitol esters in a solvent-free system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Decanoic Acids/chemistry*
  7. Impact of different inclusion levels of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fronds on fatty acid profiles of goat muscles
    Ebrahimi M, Rajion MA, Goh YM, Sazili AQ
    J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl), 2012 Dec;96(6):962-9.
    PMID: 21848848 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01206.x
    The effects of different inclusion levels of oil palm fronds (OPF) on the fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi (LD), biceps femoris (BF) and infraspinatus (IS) muscle of goats fed for 100 days are described. Twenty-four individually housed Kacang crossbred male goats (averaged 21.7 ± 0.97 kg BW) were allocated to three groups receiving either a 100% concentrate control diet (CON), diet with 25% inclusion level of OPF (HAF) or a diet with 50% inclusion of OPF. The diets were adjusted to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous and fed at 3.0% of BW daily. Samples of LD, BF and IS muscles were taken at slaughter for the determination of fatty acid profiles. The total saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the LD and BF muscles of the OPF group were significantly (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry*
  8. Chemical constituents of Melicope ptelefolia
    Shaari K, Zareen S, Akhtar MN, Lajis NH
    Nat Prod Commun, 2011 Mar;6(3):343-8.
    PMID: 21485271
    Phytochemical investigations on the methanolic extract of Melicope ptelefolia Champ ex Benth. resulted in the isolation of three new compounds, identified as 3beta-stigmast-5-en-3-ol butyl tridecanedioate (melicoester) (1), (2Z, 6Z, 10Z, 14Z, 18Z, 22Z, 26E)-3', 7', 11', 15', 19', 23', 27', 31'-octamethyldotriaconta-2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30-octadecanoate (melicopeprenoate) (2) and p-O-geranyl-7"-acetoxy coumaric acid (3). The compounds were isolated along with twenty-one other known compounds, lupeol (4), oleanolic acid (5), kokusaginine (6) genistein (7), p-O-geranyl coumaric acid (8), 4-stigmasten-3-one (9), 3beta-hydroxystigma-5-en-7-one (10) cis-phytyl palmitate (11), dodecane, dodecan-1-ol, ceryl alcohol, hentriacontanoic acid, eicosane, n-amyl alcohol, caprylic alcohol, octatriacontane, nonatriacontane, hexatriencontan-1-ol, methyl octacosanoate, beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol glucoside. Structures of all the compounds were established on the basis of MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, as well as comparison with reported data.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coumaric Acids/chemistry*
  9. Sorption of Pb(ll) by poly(hydroxamic acid) grafted oil palm empty fruit bunch
    Haron MJ, Tiansin M, Ibrahim NA, Kassim A, Wan Yunus WM, Talebi SM
    Water Sci Technol, 2011;63(8):1788-93.
    PMID: 21866782
    This paper describes the sorption of Pb(ll) from aqueous solution. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber was first grafted with poly(methylacrylate) and then treated with hydroxylammonium chloride in alkaline medium to produce hydroxamic acid (PHA) grafted OPEFB. Sorption of Pb(ll) by PHA-OPEFB was maximum at pH 5. The sorption followed the Langmuir model with maximum capacityof 125.0 mg g-1 at 25 degrees C. The sorption process was exothermic, as shown by the negative value of enthalpy change, Delta H0. The free energy change (DeltaG0) for the sorption was negative, showing that the sorption process was spontaneous. A kinetic study showed that the Pb(ll) sorption followed a second order kinetic model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydroxamic Acids/chemistry*
  10. Formulation and optimization of orally disintegrating tablets of sumatriptan succinate
    Sheshala R, Khan N, Darwis Y
    Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 2011;59(8):920-8.
    PMID: 21804234
    The aims of the present research were to mask the intensely bitter taste of sumatriptan succinate and to formulate orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) of the taste masked drug. Taste masking was performed by coating sumatriptan succinate with Eudragit EPO using spray drying technique. The resultant microspheres were evaluated for thermal analysis, yield, particle size, entrapment efficiency and in vitro taste masking. The tablets were formulated by mixing the taste masked microspheres with different types and concentrations of superdisintegrants and compressed using direct compression method followed by sublimation technique. The prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, drug content, water content, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro drug release. All the tablet formulations disintegrated in vitro within 37-410 s. The optimized formulation containing 5% Kollidon CL-SF released more than 90% of the drug within 15 min and the release was comparable to that of commercial product (Suminat®). In human volunteers, the optimized formulation was found to have a pleasant taste and mouth feel and disintegrated in the oral cavity within 41 s. The optimized formulation was found to be stable and bioequivalent with Suminat®.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polymethacrylic Acids/chemistry
  11. Synthesis of fatty acid methyl ester from used vegetable cooking oil by solid reusable Mg 1-x Zn 1+x O2 catalyst
    Olutoye MA, Hameed BH
    Bioresour Technol, 2011 Feb;102(4):3819-26.
    PMID: 21183335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.100
    Fatty acid methyl ester was produced from used vegetable cooking oil using Mg(1-)(x) Zn(1+)(x)O(2) solid catalyst and the performance monitored in terms of ester content obtained. Used vegetable cooking oil was employed to reduce operation cost of biodiesel. The significant operating parameters which affect the overall yield of the process were studied. The highest ester content, 80%, was achieved with the catalyst during 4h 15 min reaction at 188°C with methanol to oil ratio of 9:1 and catalyst loading of 2.55 wt% oil. Also, transesterification of virgin oil gave higher yield with the heterogeneous catalyst and showed high selectivity towards ester production. The used vegetable cooking oil did not require any rigorous pretreatment. Catalyst stability was examined and there was no leaching of the active components, and its performance was as good at the fourth as at the first cycle.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry*
  12. Production of biodiesel by lipase-catalyzed transesterification of vegetable oils: a kinetics study
    Al-Zuhair S
    Biotechnol Prog, 2005 Sep-Oct;21(5):1442-8.
    PMID: 16209548
    Kinetics of production of biodiesel by enzymatic methanolysis of vegetable oils using lipase has been investigated. A mathematical model taking into account the mechanism of the methanolysis reaction starting from the vegetable oil as substrate, rather than the free fatty acids, has been developed. The kinetic parameters were estimated by fitting the experimental data of the enzymatic reaction of sunflower oil by two types of lipases, namely, Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RM) immobilized on ion-exchange resins and Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase (TL) immobilized on silica gel. There was a good agreement between the experimental results of the initial rate of reaction and those predicted by the proposed model equations, for both enzymes. From the proposed model equations, the regions where the effect of alcohol inhibition fades, at different substrate concentrations, were identified. The proposed model equation can be used to predict the rate of methanolysis of vegetable oils in a batch or a continuous reactor and to determine the optimal conditions for biodiesel production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry*
  13. Solvent accessibility in native and isolated domain environments: general features and implications to interface predictability
    Raih MF, Ahmad S, Zheng R, Mohamed R
    Biophys Chem, 2005 Apr 1;114(1):63-9.
    PMID: 15792862
    A non-redundant database of 4536 structural domains, comprising more than 790,000 residues, has been used for the calculation of their solvent accessibility in the native protein environment and then in the isolated domain environment. Nearly 140,000 (18%) residues showed a change in accessible surface area in the above two conditions. General features of this change under these two circumstances have been pointed out. Propensities of these interfacing amino acid residues have been calculated and their variation for different secondary structure types has been analyzed. Actual amount of surface area lost by different secondary structures is higher in the case of helix and strands compared to coil and other conformations. Overall change in surface area in hydrophobic and uncharged residues is higher than that in charged residues. An attempt has been made to know the predictability of interface residues from sequence environments. This analysis and prediction results have significant implications towards determining interacting residues in proteins and for the prediction of protein-protein, protein-ligand, protein-DNA and similar interactions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Amino Acids/chemistry*
  14. Effect of polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters and sodium caseinate on physicochemical properties of palm-based functional lipid nanodispersions
    Cheong JN, Mirhosseini H, Tan CP
    Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2010 Jun;61(4):417-24.
    PMID: 20151850 DOI: 10.3109/09637481003591574
    The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters and sodium caseinate on physicochemical properties of palm-based functional lipid nanodispersions prepared by the emulsification-evaporation technique. The results indicated that the average droplet size increased significantly (P < 0.05) by increasing the chain length of fatty acids and also by increasing the hydrophile-lipophile balance value. Among the prepared nanodispersions, the nanoemulsion containing Polysorbate 20 showed the smallest average droplet size (202 nm) and narrowest size distribution for tocopherol-tocotrienol nanodispersions, while sodium caseinate-stabilized nanodispersions containing carotenoids had the largest average droplet size (386 nm), thus indicating a greater emulsifying role for Polysorbate 20 compared with sodium caseinate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry*
  15. Continuous adsorption of lead ions in a column packed with palm shell activated carbon
    Issabayeva G, Aroua MK, Sulaiman NM
    J Hazard Mater, 2008 Jun 30;155(1-2):109-13.
    PMID: 18179867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.11.036
    The continuous adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solution on commercial, granular, unpretreated palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) was studied. Effect of pH, flow rates and presence of complexing agents (malonic and boric acids) were examined. The breakthrough period was longer at pH 5 indicating higher adsorption capacity of lead ions at higher pH. Increase of the flow rate, expectedly, resulted in the faster saturation of the carbon bed. Presence of complexing agents did not improve adsorption uptake of lead ions. However, presence of malonic acid resulted in smoother pH stabilization of solution compared to single lead and lead with boric acid systems. The results on continuous adsorption of lead were applied to the model proposed by Wang et al. [Y.-H. Wang, S.-H. Lin, R.-S. Juang, Removal of heavy metals ions from aqueous solutions using various low-cost adsorbents, J. Hazard. Mater. B 102 (2003) 291-302]. The agreement between experimental and modelled breakthrough curves was satisfactory at both pHs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Boric Acids/chemistry
  16. Actinoallomurus soli sp. nov. and Actinoallomurus rhizosphaericola sp. nov., two novel actinobacteria isolated from rhizosphere soil of Oryza rufipogon Griff
    Chantavorakit T, Muangham S, Aaron TWF, Duangmal K, Hong K
    Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2023 Nov;73(11).
    PMID: 37994910 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006177
    The taxonomic position of two novel Actinoallomurus strains isolated from rhizosphere soil of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) was established using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains WRP6H-15T and WRP9H-5T were closely related to Actinoallomurus spadix JCM 3146T and Actinoallomurus purpureus TTN02-30T. Chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics of both strains were consistent with members of the genus Actinoallomurus, while phenotypic properties, genome-based comparisons and phylogenomic analyses distinguished strains WRP6H-15T and WRP9H-5T from their closest phylogenetic relatives. The two strains showed nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences (99.9 %). Strain WRP6H-15T showed 68.7 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization, 95.9 % average nucleotide identity (ANI) based on blast and 96.4 % ANI based on MUMmer to strain WRP9H-5T. A phylogenomic tree based on draft genome sequences of the strains and representative of the genus Actinoallomurus confirmed the phylogenetic relationships. The genomes sizes of strains WRP6H-15T and WRP9H-5T were 9.42 Mb and 9.68 Mb, with DNA G+C contents of 71.5 and 71.3 mol%, respectively. In silico analysis predicted that the strains contain biosynthetic gene clusters encoding for specialized metabolites. Characterization based on chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic, phenotypic and genomic evidence demonstrated that strains WRP6H-15T and WRP9H-5T represent two novel species of the genus Actinoallomurus, for which the names Actinoallomurus soli sp. nov. (type strain WRP6H-15T=TBRC 15726T=NBRC 115556T) and Actinoallomurus rhizosphaericola sp. nov. (type strain WRP9H-5T=TBRC 15727T=NBRC 115557T) are proposed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry
  17. Genome characterization and taxonomy of Actinomyces acetigenes sp. nov., and Actinomyces stomatis sp. nov., previously isolated from the human oral cavity
    Tian X, Teo WFA, Wee WY, Yang Y, Ahmed H, Jakubovics NS, et al.
    BMC Genomics, 2023 Dec 04;24(1):734.
    PMID: 38049764 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09831-2
    BACKGROUND: Actinomyces strains are commonly found as part of the normal microflora on human tissue surfaces, including the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. Understanding the diversity and characterization of Actinomyces species is crucial for human health, as they play an important role in dental plaque formation and biofilm-related infections. Two Actinomyces strains ATCC 49340 T and ATCC 51655 T have been utilized in various studies, but their accurate species classification and description remain unresolved.

    RESULTS: To investigate the genomic properties and taxonomic status of these strains, we employed both 16S rRNA Sanger sequencing and whole-genome sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq X Ten platform with PE151 (paired-end) sequencing. Our analyses revealed that the draft genome of Actinomyces acetigenes ATCC 49340 T was 3.27 Mbp with a 68.0% GC content, and Actinomyces stomatis ATCC 51655 T has a genome size of 3.08 Mbp with a 68.1% GC content. Multi-locus (atpA, rpoB, pgi, metG, gltA, gyrA, and core genome SNPs) sequence analysis supported the phylogenetic placement of strains ATCC 51655 T and ATCC 49340 T as independent lineages. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), average nucleotide identity (ANI), and average amino acid identity (AAI) analyses indicated that both strains represented novel Actinomyces species, with values below the threshold for species demarcation (70% dDDH, 95% ANI and AAI). Pangenome analysis identified 5,731 gene clusters with strains ATCC 49340 T and ATCC 51655 T possessing 1,515 and 1,518 unique gene clusters, respectively. Additionally, genomic islands (GIs) prediction uncovered 24 putative GIs in strain ATCC 49340 T and 16 in strain ATCC 51655 T, contributing to their genetic diversity and potential adaptive capabilities. Pathogenicity analysis highlighted the potential human pathogenicity risk associated with both strains, with several virulence-associated factors identified. CRISPR-Cas analysis exposed the presence of CRISPR and Cas genes in both strains, indicating these strains might evolve a robust defense mechanism against them.

    CONCLUSION: This study supports the classification of strains ATCC 49340 T and ATCC 51655 T as novel species within the Actinomyces, in which the name Actinomyces acetigenes sp. nov. (type strain ATCC 49340 T = VPI D163E-3 T = CCUG 34286 T = CCUG 35339 T) and Actinomyces stomatis sp. nov. (type strain ATCC 51655 T = PK606T = CCUG 33930 T) are proposed.

    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry
  18. Alginate-based emulsion template containing high oil loading stabilized by nonionic surfactants
    Ong WD, Tey BT, Quek SY, Tang SY, Chan ES
    J Food Sci, 2015 Jan;80(1):E93-E100.
    PMID: 25529579 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12729
    Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion-gel systems containing high oil payloads are of increasing interest for food applications because of the reduction in encapsulation cost, consumption frequency or volume of food products. This study shows a facile approach to prepare stable alginate-based O/W emulsions at high oil loading using a mixture of nonionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 20) as a template to form gelled-emulsions. The synergistic effects of alginate and surfactants on the O/W emulsion properties were evaluated in terms of oil droplet size and emulsion stability. At 2% (w/v) of alginate and 1% (w/v) of surfactants, the size distribution of oil droplets was narrow and monomodal, even at an oil loading of 70% (v/v). The emulsions formed were stable against phase separation. The oil droplet size could be further reduced to below 1 μm using a high-shear homogenizer. The emulsions formed could be easily molded and gelled into solids of different shapes via ionic gelation. The findings of this study create possible avenues for applications in food industries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hexuronic Acids/chemistry
  19. Fulltext Changes in fatty acid composition and distribution of N-3 fatty acids in goat tissues fed different levels of whole linseed
    Abuelfatah K, Zakaria MZ, Meng GY, Sazili AQ
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:934154.
    PMID: 25478601 DOI: 10.1155/2014/934154
    The effects of feeding different levels of whole linseed on fatty acid (FA) composition of muscles and adipose tissues of goat were investigated. Twenty-four Crossed Boer bucks were assigned randomly into three treatment diets: L0, L10, or L20, containing 0%, 10%, or 20% whole linseed, respectively. The goats were slaughtered after 110 days of feeding. Samples from the longissimus dorsi, supraspinatus, semitendinosus, and subcutaneous fat (SF) and perirenal fat (PF) were taken for FA analyses. In muscles, the average increments in α-linolenic (ALA) and total n-3 PUFA were 6.48 and 3.4, and 11.48 and 4.78 for L10 and L20, respectively. In the adipose tissues, the increments in ALA and total n-3 PUFA were 3.07- and 6.92-fold and 3.00- and 7.54-fold in SF and PF for L10 and L20, respectively. The n-6 : n-3 ratio of the muscles was decreased from up to 8.86 in L0 to 2 or less in L10 and L20. The PUFA : SFA ratio was increased in all the tissues of L20 compared to L0. It is concluded that both inclusion levels (10% and 20%) of whole linseed in goat diets resulted in producing meat highly enriched with n-3 PUFA with desirable n-6 : n-3 ratio.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Acids/chemistry
  20. Triple-layered PLGA/nanoapatite/lauric acid graded composite membrane for periodontal guided bone regeneration
    Jamuna-Thevi K, Saarani NN, Abdul Kadir MR, Hermawan H
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2014 Oct;43:253-63.
    PMID: 25175212 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.07.028
    This paper discusses the successful fabrication of a novel triple-layered poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based composite membrane using only a single step that combines the techniques of solvent casting and thermally induced phase separation/solvent leaching. The resulting graded membrane consists of a small pore size layer-1 containing 10 wt% non-stoichiometric nanoapatite (NAp)+1-3 wt% lauric acid (LA) for fibroblastic cell and bacterial inhibition, an intermediate layer-2 with 20-50 wt% NAp+1 wt% LA, and a large pore size layer-3 containing 30-100 wt% NAp without LA to allow bone cell growth. The synergic effects of 10-30 wt% NAp and 1 wt% LA in the membrane demonstrated higher tensile strength (0.61 MPa) and a more elastic behavior (16.1% elongation at break) in 3 wt% LA added membrane compared with the pure PLGA (0.49 MPa, 9.1%). The addition of LA resulted in a remarkable plasticizing effect on PLGA at 3 wt% due to weak intermolecular interactions in PLGA. The pure and composite PLGA membranes had good cell viability toward human skin fibroblast, regardless of LA and NAp contents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lauric Acids/chemistry*
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