Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 416 in total

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  1. Fulltext Should doctors apologize and disclose medical errors?
    Aimi Nadia Mohd Yusof
    Medical Health Reviews, 2009;2009(2):5-16.
    MyJurnal
    No vaccination is available to provide doctors with the immunity from errors and mistakes. Humans make mistakes everyday and eventually doctors will make mistakes or errors during their practice. Therefore, knowing how to handle the mistakes is crucial in improving patient safety and management. Disclosure of errors can be argued to play a significant role in respecting the patients’ rights and interest. We need to know that in a doctor-patient relationship, trust and vulnerability exist. If errors occur and doctors try to keep patients away from the truth, patients may no longer maintain their trust and this could lead to a negative turn in the relationship. Moreover, if errors are disclosed, doctors then may face a legal and ethical dilemma on whether to apologize for the errors made. This issue of apology has created debates among health professionals and lawyers in searching for the best answer. Apology can be a powerful tool to reconcile relationships but at the same time can also be a tool of deception.
  2. Fulltext 15 years review of Gastrocnemius flap done in department of orthopaedics, Hospital Tengku Ampua Afzan, Kuantan
    Nazri Mohd Yusof
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):10-10.
    MyJurnal
    Gastrocnemius flap is the workhorse for wound coverage in the proximal
    tibia. It can be perform by general orthopaedic surgeon because it is done without the
    need of microscopic instrumentation. Its coverage can be extended to cover the knee
    and midshaft of tibia when skin overlying it is included in the flap. (Copied from article).
  3. Fulltext Integration and Islamisation program for clinical post graduate students in International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM)
    Nazri Mohd Yusof
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(101):91-96.
    MyJurnal
    Integration and islamisation (INI) programmes for undergraduate medical students have been practiced, reviewed and published in many journals. However, there is only a dearth of study on the implementation of such a programme for postgraduate clinical students. Hence, there is a need to examine such a programme because of the different learning environment and characteristic of the students. The aim of this paper is to examine the existing clinical postgraduate programme at IIUM and attempts to improve the INI curriculum. Method: The study employs an analytical method and important factors for the development of the curriculum are analysed to come out with the objective, content, teaching methodology and assessment method suitable for the program. Result: The study identified the important factors that determine the curriculum to be the needs of National Health Service, the mission of the university, the requirement of the professional body and characteristic of the students. The study proposes that the objective of the program is to produce holistic orthopaedic surgeons who understand the belief of Muslim patients and is able to facilitate them in their ibadah and daily life as a Muslims. This is achieved through offering a course which consists of 4 main subjects on the principles of shariah which include the element of Islamic worldview, fiqh ibadah, fiqh muamalah and Islamic moral values with emphasis on issues related to medicine. The teaching method proposed is having regular seminars which consist of presentations and discussion of important concept in Islamic fiqh and followed by case study on fiqh issues related to Medicine. Finally, the students should be assessed from the case write up which they are required to submit before they can sit for the final professional exam. Conclusion: This improved program enables students to complete their study without compromising their duties to provide services at their respective hospitals.
  4. Fulltext Digitalized bite mark analysis for the undergraduate dental students
    Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd Yusof
    Compendium of Oral Science, 2015;2(1):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    In legal system, the admissibility of bite mark injury has proven to give more positive impact when current tech-nologies are adapted to its analysis. The early exposure of the digitalized bite mark analysis during the under-graduate dental program is beneficial to stimulate interests and provide guidance among the professional den-tists. The step-by-step bite mark analysis partly adapted from KU Leuven, Belgium is emphasized by delivering the illustrated practical techniques using computer software Adobe Photoshop®. The overlays analysis demon-strated its practicality as easy to use and offered opportunities to learn through unconventional mode of teach-ing. The incorporation of bite mark injury analysis to the undergraduate dental learning is highly recommended
  5. Fulltext The effect of sonication on the ion exchange constant, KXBr of CTABr/chlorobenzoates micellar systems
    Mohd Yusof NS
    Ultrason Sonochem, 2021 Mar;71:105360.
    PMID: 33125959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105360
    The ion exchange constant, KXBr (for the case of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTABr, in this study) is a method dependant characterization of ion exchange process by counterions, X and Br with different relative binding ratios. In this report, the ion exchange constant, KXBr values for micelle systems irradiated under 2 min of sonication at 120 W power using a probe sonicator with 1 cm tip were determined to be 85.2, 125.6 and 122.4 when X  = o-, m- and p-chlorobenzoates, respectively. The values were quantified using a semiempirical kinetic method coupled with Pseudophase Micellar model, and later compared to the same system in the absence of sonication. The sonication was found to amplify the KXBr values by ~ 13-fold for X  = o-chlorobenzoate and ~ 2.5-fold for X  = m- and p-chlorobenzoates. This is due to the improvement of ion exchange process by the oscillation of bubbles generated by acoustic cavitation. An active ion exchange process indicates better stabilization of the micelle aggregational structure by the penetration of the introduced counterions, X into the micelle Stern layer leading to the growth of the micelle. This is supported by the remarkable increase in the viscosity of the micelle system by > 7-fold for X  = o-chlorobenzoate and by > 2-folds for X  = m- and p-chlorobenzoates. Sonication was also found to induce maximum viscoelasticity at lower concentration ratio of [CTABr]:[X]. The ability of ultrasound to induce micelle growth and exhibiting viscoelasticity at lower concentration of counterionic additive will be very useful in technologies where viscoelastic solution is desired such as in oil drilling and centralized heating and cooling system.
  6. Gingerol and Its Role in Chronic Diseases
    Mohd Yusof YA
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2016;929:177-207.
    PMID: 27771925
    Since antiquity, ginger or Zingiber officinale, has been used by humans for medicinal purposes and as spice condiments to enhance flavor in cooking. Ginger contains many phenolic compounds such as gingerol, shogaol and paradol that exhibit antioxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties. The role of ginger and its constituents in ameliorating diseases has been the focus of study in the past two decades by many researchers who provide strong scientific evidence of its health benefit. This review discusses research findings and works devoted to gingerols, the major pungent constituent of ginger, in modulating and targeting signaling pathways with subsequent changes that ameliorate, reverse or prevent chronic diseases in human studies and animal models. The physical, chemical and biological properties of gingerols are also described. The use of ginger and especially gingerols as medicinal food derivative appears to be safe in treating or preventing chronic diseases which will benefit the common population, clinicians, patients, researchers, students and industrialists.
  7. Fulltext The appropriateness of clinical decision support systems alerts in supporting clinical workflows: A systematic review
    Olakotan OO, Mohd Yusof M
    Health Informatics J, 2021 4 16;27(2):14604582211007536.
    PMID: 33853395 DOI: 10.1177/14604582211007536
    A CDSS generates a high number of inappropriate alerts that interrupt the clinical workflow. As a result, clinicians silence, disable, or ignore alerts, thereby undermining patient safety. Therefore, the effectiveness and appropriateness of CDSS alerts need to be evaluated. A systematic review was carried out to identify the factors that affect CDSS alert appropriateness in supporting clinical workflow. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ACM, Science Direct, IEEE, Ovid Medline, and Ebscohost) were searched for English language articles published between 1997 and 2018. Seventy six papers met the inclusion criteria, of which 26, 24, 15, and 11 papers are retrospective cohort, qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method studies, respectively. The review highlights various factors influencing the appropriateness and efficiencies of CDSS alerts. These factors are categorized into technology, human, organization, and process aspects using a combination of approaches, including socio-technical framework, five rights of CDSS, and Lean. Most CDSS alerts were not properly designed based on human factor methods and principles, explaining high alert overrides in clinical practices. The identified factors and recommendations from the review may offer valuable insights into how CDSS alerts can be designed appropriately to support clinical workflow.
  8. Fulltext Understanding Technology and People Issues in Hospital Information System (HIS) Adoption: Case study of a tertiary hospital in Malaysia
    Zakaria N, Mohd Yusof SA
    J Infect Public Health, 2016 Nov-Dec;9(6):774-780.
    PMID: 27686258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2016.08.017
    BACKGROUND: Hospital Information Systems (HIS) can improve healthcare outcome quality, increase efficiency, and reduce errors. The government of Malaysia implemented HIS across the country to maximize the use of technology to improve healthcare delivery, however, little is known about the benefits and challenges of HIS adoption in each institution. This paper looks at the technology and people issues in adopting such systems.

    METHODS: The study used a case study approach, using an in-depth interview with multidisciplinary medical team members who were using the system on a daily basis. A thematic analysis using Atlas.ti was employed to understand the complex relations among themes and sub-themes to discover the patterns in the data. .

    RESULTS: Users found the new system increased the efficiency of workflows and saved time. They reported less redundancy of work and improved communication among medical team members. Data retrieval and storage were also mentioned as positive results of the new HIS system. Healthcare workers showed positive attitudes during training and throughout the learning process.

    CONCLUSIONS: From a technological perspective, it was found that medical workers using HIS has better access and data management compared to the previously used manual system. The human issues analysis reveals positive attitudes toward using HIS among the users especially from the physicians' side.
  9. Fulltext Life After Covid19: The New Normal
    Mohd Yusof Ibrahim, Sadia Choudhury Shimmi
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;14(2):1-3.
    MyJurnal
    “If you hear of an outbreak of plague in a land, do not enter it; if the plague breaks out in a place while you are in it, do not leave that place”, reported by Sahih Al-Bukhari. This was the phrase quoted by Prophet Muhammad 14 centuries ago concerning both in disease spread and prevention. The relevancy of this statement is now widely seen and surge by the social media in a hashtag of “stay home” on an international level due to pandemic of COVID-19 disease.
  10. Fulltext Editorial
    Mohd Yusof Ibrahim, Sadia Choudhury Shimmi
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;3(101):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Sabah Research Day 2019
  11. Fulltext Retrospective study on the microbial drug resistance profile and predictive risk factors in early infection of open fractures.
    Tai KM, Sulong AF, Mohd. Yusof N
    IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18(3):96-103.
    MyJurnal
    This study was conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of microorganisms involved in early infection of open fractures in orthopaedics to current prophylactic antibiotics practice and determine the association of various parameters related to the causative organism, patient, injury and management to the resistance of such microorganisms. Methods: This is a retrospective study that reviewed cases collected from the surgical operations record from January 2015 to December 2017 in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan. A total of 179 cases were collected with 110 cases fulfilling the proposed inclusion / exclusion criteria. They all underwent routine debridement followed by culture and sensitivity. Previous clinical records were traced to identify the various risk factors for infection and evaluate these against the resistance of the microorganisms to prophylactic antimicrobial drugs. Results: Admission to the intensive care unit, blood transfusion, antibiotic regime and duration, fracture grade, injury severity score and duration of admission were all significantly associated with resistance of microorganism. The study also demonstrated the predominance of Gram-negative microorganisms constituting 65.9% of isolates. Gram-negative microorganisms were seen more in higher fracture grades and Injury Severity Scale, and longer duration of admission and antibiotic treatment. The overall susceptibility of microorganisms to antibiotics was also demonstrated with up to 68.6% resistance to cefuroxime and 36.9% to Gentamicin. Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA were the commonest Gram-positive organisms while Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter spp. the commonest Gram-negatives. Conclusion: Admission to Intensive Care Unit, blood transfusion, antibiotic regime and duration, fracture grade, injury severity score and duration of antibiotics have a significant positive predictive value to the development of resistance of microorganisms. The shift to predominantly Gram-negative microorganisms indicate an urgency to modify management of open fracture to achieve optimal results. This will also prevent the emergence of new multi-drug resistance microorganism which is already a worldwide public health problem.
  12. Fulltext Effect of neuromuscular training to prevent anterior cruciate ligament injury among female athletes
    Mohd Yusof Baharuddin, Siti Nadirah Junaid
    Jurnal Sains Sukan & Pendidikan Jasmani, 2018;7(2):76-84.
    MyJurnal
    Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is more prone on female athletes compared to male athletes in non-contact mechanisms. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of four weeks neuromuscular training which closely associated with the dynamic balance and agility performance for preventing ACL injury among female athletes. There were sixteen female athletes from Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) who are volleyball, basketball and futsal players participated in this study. The subjects were divided randomly into two groups; control group (CG) and experimental group (EG). The EG experienced four weeks of neuromuscular training while the CG performing their regular training. The pre-test and post-test were measured using Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) for dynamic balance and T-Test for agility. Statistical data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and the results demonstrated significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) for dynamic balance and agility between EG and CG. Therefore, this finding implied that neuromuscular training improved the female athletes in term of dynamic balance and agility which reduce the prevalence of ACL injury.
  13. Stages in third molar development and eruption to estimate the 18-year threshold Malay juvenile
    Mohd Yusof MY, Cauwels R, Martens L
    Arch Oral Biol, 2015 Oct;60(10):1571-6.
    PMID: 26276268 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.07.017
    Age 18 years is considered as the age of majority by most countries. To ascertain the age of interest, both third molar development (TMD) and eruption (TME) staging scores are beneficial without needing multiple imaging modalities. This study aimed to assess the chronological course of TMD and TME in a Malay sub-adult population and evaluate predictions when specific stage(s) of TMD and TME have been attained that are pertinent to the age group of interest (<18 years or ≥18 years). A sample of 714 digital panoramic images for subjects stratified by age between 14.1 and 23.9 years was retrospectively collected. The techniques described by Gleiser and Hunt (modified by Kohler) and Olze were employed to stage TMD and TME, respectively. A binary logistic regression was performed to predict the 18-year threshold with staging score as predictors. Stages 4-6 (TMD) and A-B (TME) for males and stages 4 (TMD) and A (TME) for females were found to discriminate the <18-year group. For both genders, stages 9-10 (TMD) and D (TME) can be used as reference stages to estimate whether a subject is likely to be ≥18 years, with 94.74-100% and 85.88-96.38% correct predictions, respectively. Stages 4 (TMD) and A (TME) can also be used to identify juveniles (<18 years) with a high degree of correct predictions, 100%. The juvenility of an individual is easily anticipated by using the specific staging scores of both third molar variables (TMD and TME) without complex calculations.
  14. Fulltext Can dynamic consent facilitate the protection of biomedical big data in biobanking in Malaysia?
    Abdul Aziz MF, Mohd Yusof AN
    Asian Bioeth Rev, 2019 Jun;11(2):209-222.
    PMID: 33717312 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-019-00086-2
    As with many other countries, Malaysia is also developing and promoting biomedical research to increase the understanding of human diseases and possible interventions. To facilitate this development, there is a significant growth of biobanks in the country to ensure continuous collection of biological samples for future research, which contain extremely important personal information and health data of the participants involved. Given the vast amount of samples and data accumulated by biobanks, they can be considered as reservoirs of precious biomedical big data. It is therefore imperative for biobanks to have in place regulatory measures to ensure ethical use of the biomedical big data. Malaysia has yet to introduce specific legislation for the field of biobanking. However, it can be argued that its existing Personal Data Protection Act 2010 (PDPA) has laid down legal principles that can be enforced to protect biomedical big data generated by the biobanks. Consent is a mechanism to enable data subjects to exercise their autonomy by determining how their data can be used and ensure compliance with legal principles. However, there are two main concerns surrounding the current practice of consent in biomedical big data in Malaysia. First, it is uncertain that the current practice would be able to respect the underlying notion of autonomy, and second, it is not in accordance with the legal principles of the PDPA. Scholars have deliberated on different strategies of informed consent, and a more interactive approach has recently been introduced: dynamic consent. It is argued that a dynamic consent approach would be able to address these concerns.
  15. Fulltext Time, love and tenderness: Doctors' online volunteering in Health Virtual Community searching for work-family balance
    Mohd Yusof SA, Mohd Noor N, Othman N
    J Infect Public Health, 2021 Jan;14(1):1-5.
    PMID: 33341478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.11.004
    BACKGROUND: This study will explore and understand the experience of doctors volunteering online in managing the boundaries between work and family in health virtual communities (HVC).

    METHODOLOGY: A qualitative case study approach was used to explore and understand how doctors volunteering online balances between work and family in a Health Virtual Community called DoktorBudak.com (DB). A total of seventeen (17) doctors were interviewed using either face-to-face, Skype, phone interview or through email.

    RESULTS: The results of this study suggested that doctors perceived the physical border at their workplace as less permeable though the ICT has freed them from the restriction to perform other non-related work (such as online volunteering (OV) works) during working hours. In addition, doctors OV use ICTs to perform work at home or during working hours, they perceive their work and family borders as flexible. Furthermore, the doctors used different strategies when it came to blending, whether to segment or integrate their work and family domains.

    CONCLUSION: This study has defined issues on work-family balance and OV. Most importantly this study had discussed the conceptual framework of work-family balance focusing on doctors volunteering online and how they have incorporated ICTs such as Internet technology to negotiate the work-family boundaries, which are permeable, flexible and blending.

  16. Fulltext Knowledge, attitude and practices towards osteoporosis prevention among adults in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Lim SL, Ali A, Mohd Yusof H
    Malays J Nutr, 2017;23(2):279-290.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Osteoporosis is a major health problem worldwide. In Asia, few studies have measured knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of osteoporosis. This study aimed to determine the KAP of osteoporosis, including the main factors influencing attitude towards osteoporosis, and the relationship between osteoporosis knowledge, attitude, and practices among adults in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study via a self-administrated KAP questionnaire was carried out among 232 respondents aged 21 to 50 years in Kuala Lumpur. Random sampling was applied to select five districts in Kuala Lumpur, while convenient sampling was used for recruitment of apparently healthy subjects from community and institutional settings. The data were analysed using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-Square, Spearman Correlation and multiple logistic regression tests.
    Results: The findings indicate a moderate level of knowledge and attitude towards osteoporosis prevention with median scores of 51.6% and 68.6%, respectively. Osteoporosis knowledge varied significantly with gender, educational level and household income (p<0.05). Furthermore, attitude was significantly different in relation to educational level and household income. Based on the multiple logistic regression test, relatives and friends appeared to be the most significant factor influencing attitude (R=0.319, p<0.0001). Poor dietary and lifestyles practices were indicated, and a significant relationship was found between practice of weight-bearing activities and educational level (p<0.05). A significant correlation was found (ρ=0.348, p<0.0001) between knowledge and attitude, while no relationship was noted between knowledge and practice of weight-bearing activities or attitude and practice of weight-bearing activities.
    Conclusion: Knowledge played a significant role in affecting attitudes towards osteoporosis. However, understanding of osteoporosis is still at a moderate level. Friends and family were the most influential factor.
    Key words: Adults, attitude, knowledge, osteoporosis, practices
  17. Fulltext A Preliminary Study to Explore the Informed Consent Approach and the Ethical Challenges in the Malaysian Biobanking for Research
    Azahar A, Mohd Yusof AN, Azhar ZI
    Asian Bioeth Rev, 2023 Apr;15(2):141-154.
    PMID: 37035484 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-022-00229-y
    Since 2005, Malaysia has established several biobanks to keep in line with the advancement of biomedical research and development of biobanks in other countries such as the UK and the USA. Despite the establishment of several biobanks in Malaysia, little is known about the informed consent approach in biobanking research and its ethical challenges. This study aims to identify the approach in obtaining informed consent in the Malaysian biobanking for research and explore its ethical challenges. Using non-probability purposive sampling, an in-depth interview with the key informants was conducted in Klang Valley. Based on the interviews, broad consent is the main approach used in obtaining informed consent in biobanking for research in Malaysia and five major ethical challenges were identified. These challenges include the informants' opinion on the current informed consent approach, understanding participants' rights, the role of the research ethics committee, biobanking governance in Malaysia, and informants' knowledge and awareness. In summary, there is a lack of understanding among those involved in biobanking on the ethical, legal, and social aspects of biobanking for research in Malaysia.
  18. A Review on Dietary Intervention in Obesity Associated Colon Cancer
    Roslan NH, Makpol S, Mohd Yusof YA
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2019 May 25;20(5):1309-1319.
    PMID: 31127882
    Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. According to National Cancer Registry, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Peninsular Malaysia increases with age. The incidence is highest among Chinese population but lower among Indians and Malays. Many reviews have suggested that obesity may be associated with a higher risk (>50%) of colorectal cancer. Methods: This study collects a comprehensive data from the literature review available from respective journals on dietary intervention and the chemo-protective mechanisms of a few natural resources in obesity -associated colon cancer based on previous and current studies. Results: In obesity-associated colon cancer, the genes of interest and pathways that are mainly involved include NFκB, P13K/Akt, and MAPK pathways, and FTO, leptin, Cyclin D, MMPs, and STAT3 genes. Dietary modification is one of the alternative steps in early prevention of colon cancer. It has been proposed that the components present in certain foods may have the ability to protect against many diseases including the prevention of cancer. Conclusion: There are many factors that lead to obesity-associated colon cancer and the mechanisms behind it is still undergoing intensive research. This review aims to scrutinize research as well as reviews that have been previously reported on obesity associated colorectal cancer and the beneficial effects of including antioxidants-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits in the diet to reduce the risk of obesity associated colorectal cancer.
  19. Fulltext Fatal airbag-mediated atlanto-occipital dislocation in a child
    Hassan R, Mohd Yusof M, Kamarudin NA
    Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Oct;17(4):67-70.
    PMID: 22135564 MyJurnal
    An atlanto-occipital dislocation is a rare airbag-induced injury in trauma patients. We report a case of an atlanto-occipital dislocation in a 6-year-old patient who was an unrestrained passenger in the front seat of a vehicle involved in a low-speed motor vehicle accident. This case illustrates the fatal threat of airbag deployment to the child passenger travelling in the vehicle front seat even in a low-speed collision, and supports the recommendation that children under 12 years of age travelling in vehicles with dual airbag systems should be seated in the back.
  20. Fulltext Caries preventive interventions in community-dwelling elders: a systematic review
    Eleena Mohd Yusof, Mei, May Lei, Walls, Angus
    Compendium of Oral Science, 2018;5(1):1-17.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: To conduct a systematic review of identifying the clinical efficacy of caries preventive interventions in community-dwelling elders. Background: As the human lifespan increases, the elders are known to retain their teeth for longer. Therefore, the need to uncover effective ways of preventing caries among this age group is relevant. Methods: A search was conducted using four databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science using the keywords (caries OR demineralization) AND prevention AND (adult OR aged). The titles and abstracts were initially screened for the use of caries prevention interventions. Studies were excluded based on the predetermined criteria. The full texts of the remaining studies were then evaluated. Results: Of 6952 articles identified from the search, fifty full texts were evaluated. Finally, ten studies were analyzed. One study found rinsing with 0.05% of NaF twice daily resulted in lower coronal caries increment. Another study reported the use of 1,100 ppm of NaF dentifrice twice daily showed lower percentage of coronal and root caries. A reduction of root caries was observed from using 5,000 ppm fluoridated toothpaste twice daily, annual professional 38% SDF solution application, six-monthly professional cleaning and APF gel application. The use of 0.12% CHX rinse and xylitol chewing gum did not show reduction of caries incidence. Conclusion: Toothbrushing with 5,000 ppm of NaF dentifrice, rinsing with 0.05% NaF, professional application of 38% SDF solution and APF gel may be effective at preventing caries among the elders.
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