Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 29 in total

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  1. Norhayati, M.N., Zulkifli, A., Naing, L., Rohana, J., Jamil, B.Y.M.
    MyJurnal
    Overweight during adolescence has many psychological consequences and low self·esteem is the immediate detrimental effect observed. Adolescents with low self»esteem are at risk for many emotional and behavioural disorders while high self-esteem adolescents experience an incremental improvement in their quality of life. The objective of this study was to compare seh'-esteem between overweight and non-overweight Malay adolescents in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January to ]une 2005 among 1364 students selected from ten co-educational government secondary schools in Kota Bharu using stratified multistage cluster sampling. A set of guided self-administered questionnaire which included a Malaysian version of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Body Mass Index measurement was used. Data was entered using SPSS 12.0 and analysed using STATA 8. O. The prevalence of overweight among secondary school students in Kota Bharu was 12.5% and there was no significant difference in self-esteem between overweight and non-overweight students. However, the findings may not be generalized to out-of-school youth and other ethnic groups in this country. Infomation on other modifers, such as parental acceptance or lack of concern regarding the child’ obesity was not elicited in this study. It is an important protective factor for self-esteem and need to be included in future studies.
  2. Norhayati, M.N.H., Zulkifli, A., Naing, L., Rohana, J., Jamil, B.Y.M.
    MyJurnal
    Despite awareness of the detrimental effects of smoking, many adolescents initiate or continue to smoke. One possible explanation for smoking 13 the belief that it can control body weight. The objective of this study was to determine the association between Body Mass Index and smoking among Malay adolescents in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A cross·sectional study was conducted between January to June 2005 among 1364 students selected from ten co»educational government secondary schools in Kota Bharu using stratified multistage cluster sampling. Guided self-administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurement were taken. Data was entered using SPSS 12.0 and analysed using STATA 8.0. The overall prevalence of smoking was 6. 7%. The prevalence of smoking among boys was 13.8% and among girls was 1.1%. There was no association between Body Mass Index and smoking. However, the findings may not be generalized to out-of·school youth and other ethnic groups in this country. The study was not conducted anonymously and the use of questionnaire to report smoking status can lead to measurement bias. Strategies aimed at correcting the belief that smoking can reduce weight should be included as one of the components in the prevention of smoking.
  3. Hasniah, A.L., Rohana, J., Boo, N.Y., Thambidorai, C.R., Isa, M.R.
    MyJurnal
    Case: A male infant was born at 36th week period of gestation with a birth weight of 1.99kg following an uneventful intrauterine period. At birth, he was noted to have multiple skin nodules. The largest nodule measuring 4.0 x 2.0 x 1.5 cm was at his pre-auricular area. It was initially fleshy and reddish in color. A few days later, it turned black and subsequently the black skin overlying the mass fell off, leaving a firm underlying mass with the appearance of a cauliflower. Other skin lesions, which were firm in consistency, were found on the medial aspect of his right supraorbital ridge, right mid-arm, right mid-thigh, plantar surface of his right big toe and his scalp. They were either skin-colored or reddish in colour, measuring between 1.0 and 2.0 cm in diameter. He also had hepatomegaly and splenomegaly palpable at 5 cm and 3 cm below the subcostal margins, respectively
  4. Rohana, J., Latinah, M., Thambidorai, C.R., Kaur, B.
    MyJurnal
    A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the magnitude, clinical course and risk factors of cholestasis in surviving very low birth weight (VLBW) infants who received parenteral nutrition at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Cholestasis was defined as direct hyperbilirubinaemia of >34 mmol/L. Between 1St July 2000 to 31St March 2001, 58 VLBW infants received parenteral nutrition (PN). Forty seven infants survived to discharge. Complete data was obtained from 43 (90.1%) infants. Thirteen (30.2%) of these infants developed cholestasis. The cholestasis persisted beyond the age of 6 weeks in 8 infants and they underwent hepato imino diacetic acid (HIDA) scan. The HIDA scan was reported as normal in 2 infants and inconclusive in 6 infants. Operative cholangiography. (OTC) was then performed in these infants and were all normal. The cholestasis finally resolved in all infants. Analysis of risk factors revealed that duration of assisted ventilation and PN and the presence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) had significant correlation with the development of cholestasis. These factors together with lower mean gestational age increased the likelihood of persistent cholestasis beyond 6 weeks of life in these infants. In conclusion cholestasis is common in VLBW infants who received parenteral nutrition. Although the clinical course seems benign, in a significant proportion of these infants it may persist longer and put them at increased risk of requiring invasive investigations.
  5. Shabbir, F., Nina, H., Lim, Z.Y., Amelia, A.R., Nor Ain, M.Z., Shareena, I., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2020;15(1):177-186.
    MyJurnal
    Pengetahuan yang baik tentang teknik perahan, penyimpanan dan penggunaan susu perahan ibu adalah sangat penting kepada ibu-ibu yang ingin meneruskan penyusuan ibu selepas kembali bekerja. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menilai pengetahuan dan sikap ibu bekerja terhadap perahan, penyimpanan dan penggunaan susu ibu. Kajian hirisan lintang ini disertai oleh 300 ibu bekerja sepenuh masa yang melahirkan bayi di sebuah hospital tertiari di Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan soal selidik yang mengandungi 28 soalan menguji pengetahuan dan 9 soalan menilai sikap yang telah disahkan kandungannya. Skor tertinggi adalah 28 untuk pengetahuan dan 45 untuk sikap. Skor purata untuk pengetahuan adalah 20.47 (SD 4.06). Ibu yang mendapat skor ≥21 (≥75% skor maksimum) dikategorikan sebagai mempunyai “pengetahuan yang baik” manakala mereka yang mendapat skor
  6. Rohana J, Hasmawati J, Zulkifli SZ
    Singapore Med J, 2007 Mar;48(3):191-4.
    PMID: 17342285
    We report part of the findings of a study conducted to determine the correlation between bone mineral content (BMC) and biochemical bone markers in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.
  7. Rohana J, Ong LC, Abu Hassan AA
    Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53(3):217-22.
    PMID: 10968156
    A prospective observational study was carried out at the Emergency Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur to determine the proportion of accidental head injury among children and the circumstances of injury. The study was carried out from November 1993 to January 1994 on all children below 14 years who presented to the Emergency Department with accidental head injury. Accidental head injury made up (4.75%) of all cases seen at the Casualty Department. The ratio of boys to girls was 2:1. The mean age of head injured children was 5.2 (S.D. 3.63) years. The leading cause of head injury was fall (63%) followed by road traffic accidents (RTA) in (30.7%) while the rest were due to 'impact' (injury caused by flying object or missiles) injuries. More than half (54.4%) of those injured in RTA were pedestrians. Pedestrian injury was particularly important in the 5-< 14 years age group, where adult supervision was lacking in two thirds of the children. None of the patients who were involved in vehicle-related injuries had used a suitable protective or restraining device. All three patients who died were from this group. This study emphasises the need for stricter enforcement of laws related to the use of protective devices and measures to decrease child pedestrian injury. The issues of lack of adult supervision, both in and outside the home need to be addressed.
  8. Boo NY, Chee SC, Rohana J
    Acta Paediatr, 2002;91(6):674-9.
    PMID: 12162601
    A randomized controlled study was carried out on 96 preterm infants (< 37 wk) with birthweight less than 2000 g admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. The aim was to compare the weight gain between preterm infants exposed to 12 h cyclical lighting (intensity of light: 78.4 +/- 24.7 lux, mean +/- SD) and those exposed to a continuously dim environment (5.9 +/- 1.9 lux). The exclusion criteria were infants with major congenital malformations or who needed continuous lighting for treatment procedure and care. From day 7 of life until discharge, 50 infants were randomized to receive 12 h cyclical lighting and 46 infants to a continuously dim environment. There was no significant difference in the mean birthweight (12 h lighting vs continuously dim: 1482 vs 1465 g, p = 0.8), mean gestational age (31.6 vs 31.4 wk, p = 0.6), median duration of hospital stay (28.5 vs 28.5 d, p = 0.8), mean age to regain birthweight (13.0 vs 12.9 d, p = 0.3), mean weight gained by day 14 (27.6 vs 36.2 g, p = 1.0), median weight gain per day (11.9 vs 12.2 g, p = 0.9) or median body weight on discharge (1800 vs 1800 g, p = 0.4) between the two groups of infants.

    CONCLUSION: Exposing preterm infants to either 12 h cyglical lighting or continuously dim environment did not have any significant effect on their weight gain during the neonatal period.

  9. Rohana J, Boo NY, Hayati AR, Baizura J
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Sep;57(3):364-7.
    PMID: 12440278
    A term newborn infant developed hypovolaemic shock shortly after birth. She was pale with gross hepatomegaly. She required multiple boluses of intravenous fluids, blood products as well as inotropic support. Blood investigations showed persistent thrombocytopenia, anaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). She also developed heart failure. She finally succumbed on the eleventh day of life. Autopsy revealed haemangiomatosis involving the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and adrenals.
  10. Rohana J, Ishak S, Wan Nurulhuda WMZ
    Pediatr Int, 2018 Aug;60(8):710-713.
    PMID: 29804322 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13605
    BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are at higher risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) compared with term born infants and the risk is inversely proportional to the gestational age and birthweight. Parents of these infants should have adequate knowledge and practise the recommended SIDS risk reduction measures.

    METHODS: A survey was conducted between December 2016 and August 2017 at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur. Parents of preterm infants ≤36 weeks' gestation were invited to answer a self-administered questionnaire to assess their knowledge and practise regarding SIDS risk reduction.

    RESULTS: Forty-nine (61.33%) of the 80 parents had heard of SIDS prior to the interview, with social media being the commonest source of information (67.3%). Only 35 (43.7%) correctly answered at least five of nine questions on knowledge of SIDS risk reduction ("good knowledge"). When compared with the group of parents who answered less than five questions correctly ("poor knowledge"), there was no significant difference in the demographic and infant characteristics between the groups. The majority (68.8%) of parents practised bed sharing with their infants, and this was significantly more common in the group of parents with poor knowledge (P = 0.01). Household smoking was also significantly more common in the group of parents with poor knowledge (P = 0.048).

    CONCLUSION: Knowledge on SIDS risk reduction measures was generally poor among parents of preterm infants in this study. Cigarette smoking, bed sharing and non-supine sleep positions, which are associated with increased risk of SIDS, were common practise among the present subjects.

  11. Boo NY, Suhaida AR, Rohana J
    Singapore Med J, 2015 Mar;56(3):164-8.
    PMID: 25532513
    This case-control study aimed to determine whether catheter use was significantly associated with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) colonisation and/or sepsis in neonates.
  12. Boo NY, Nor Azlina AA, Rohana J
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Mar;49(3):204-8.
    PMID: 18363001
    This study was designed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of a semi-quantitative procalcitonin (PCT) test kit for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
  13. Rohana J, Boo NY, Thambidorai CR
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Feb;49(2):142-4.
    PMID: 18301842
    This prospective observational study was conducted to determine the outcome of newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). They were managed with a protocol of gentle ventilation to avoid barotraumas, and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) or intravenous magnesium sulphate for treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborns (PPHN).
  14. Rohana J, Khairina W, Boo NY, Shareena I
    Pediatr Int, 2011 Aug;53(4):468-74.
    PMID: 21105964 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2010.03295.x
    Occlusive plastic applied immediately after birth to reduce evaporative heat loss has been proven effective in preterm infants <28 weeks' gestation. However its effectiveness on preterm infants >28 weeks' gestation has not been shown. This study aimed to determine the effect of occlusive wrap at birth on the temperature at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission among infants of greater than or equal to 24 weeks' and less than 34 weeks' gestation.
  15. Rohana J, Boo NY, Yong SC, Ong LC
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):338-44.
    PMID: 16379189 MyJurnal
    A quality assurance study was carried out prospectively in two phases at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The objectives of the study were to determine the turn-around-time (TAT) of radiographs requested for infants undergoing intensive care treatment in the NICU and the effects of a standard operating procedure introduced based on initial findings of first phase of the study on subsequent TAT. The TAT was defined as the time taken for the radiograph to be ready for viewing after the attending doctor had requested for it to be done on an infant. During phase one of the study, none of the requested radiographs was ready to be viewed by the doctors within the standard TAT of 45 minutes. The problems identified were ward staffs delay in sending request forms to the radiology department, radiographers' delay in shooting and processing the films, and delay by NICU porter in collecting the processed films. Based on these findings, a standard operating procedure (SOP) was drawn up jointly by the staff of NICU and Department of Radiology. During phase two of the study conducted at one month after implementation of the SOP, there was a reduction of TAT by 50%. However, only 3 (4.3%) of the radiographs achieved the standard TAT. The main problems identified during phase two were delay in sending request forms and in collecting processed radiographs by the porter system. The dismal TAT of radiographs in NICU was related primarily to human behaviour. Besides continuous staff education, replacement of the porter system with electronic system may improve the TAT.
    Keywords: Turn-around time, radiographs, neonatal intensive care unit, standard operating procedure, Kuala Lumpur
  16. Cheah FC, Boo NY, Rohana J, Yong SC
    J Paediatr Child Health, 2001 Oct;37(5):479-82.
    PMID: 11885713
    OBJECTIVE: To determine whether intravenous infusion of low dose of streptokinase was effective in lysing umbilical arterial catheter (UAC)-associated aortic thrombi.

    METHOD: A prospective cohort study of 31 consecutive newborn infants with UAC-associated aortic thrombi which were detected by abdominal ultrasonography after removal of UAC. Twenty-two infants were treated with intravenous infusion of low dose (1000 U/h) streptokinase, while nine others were not treated due to various contra-indications. Thrombolysis occurred after a mean interval of 2.2 days (standard deviation (SD) = 1.8) in the treated infants. In the untreated infants, spontaneous thrombolysis occurred significantly later, after a mean interval of 16.9 days (SD = 14.7) (95% confidence intervals of difference between mean intervals - 26.0, - 3.4; P = 0.02). Only one treated infant developed mild bleeding directly attributed to streptokinase therapy.

    CONCLUSION: Low dose streptokinase infusion was effective and safe in thrombolysing UAC-associated aortic thrombi.

  17. Shafie H, Syed Zakaria SZ, Adli A, Shareena I, Rohana J
    Pediatr Int, 2017 Jul;59(7):776-780.
    PMID: 28370991 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13285
    BACKGROUND: Occlusive body wrap using polyethylene plastic applied immediately after birth had been shown to reduce hypothermia among preterm infants. Various adjunct methods have been studied in an attempt to further reduce the incidence of hypothermia. This study was conducted to determine whether polyethylene cap is more effective than cotton cap as an adjunct to polyethylene occlusive body wrap in reducing hypothermia in preterm infants.

    METHODS: The subjects consisted of preterm infants 24-34 weeks' gestation born at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. Infants were randomly assigned to NeoCap or control groups. Infants in both groups were wrapped in polyethylene sheets from the neck downwards immediately after birth without prior drying. Infants in the control group had their heads dried and subsequently covered with cotton caps while infants in the NeoCap group had polyethylene caps put on without drying. Axillary temperature was measured on admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and after having been stabilized in the incubator.

    RESULTS: Among the 80 infants recruited, admission hypothermia (axillary temperature <36.5°C) was present in 37 (92.5%) and in 40 (100%) in the NeoCap and control groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in mean temperature on NICU admission between the two groups (35.3 vs 35.1°C, P = 0.36). Mean post-stabilization temperature, however, was significantly higher in the NeoCap group (36.0 vs 35.5°C, P = 0.01).

    CONCLUSION: Combined use of polyethylene body wrap and polyethylene cap was associated with a significantly higher mean post-stabilization temperature compared with polyethylene body wrap and cotton cap.

  18. Ong LC, Kanaheswari Y, Chandran V, Rohana J, Yong SC, Boo NY
    Singapore Med J, 2009 Jul;50(7):705-9.
    PMID: 19644627
    The early identification of asphyxiated infants at high risk of adverse outcomes and the early selection of those who might benefit from neuroprotective therapies are required. A prospective observational study was conducted to determine if there were any early clinical, neuroimaging or neurophysiological parameters that might predict the outcome in term newborns with asphyxia.
  19. Boo NY, Rohana J, Yong SC, Bilkis AZ, Yong-Junina F
    Singapore Med J, 2010 Feb;51(2):144-50.
    PMID: 20358154
    The aim of this study was to compare the response and survival rates of term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) on high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) treated with either inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) or intravenous magnesium sulphate (MgSO4).
  20. Raja Lope RJ, Boo NY, Rohana J, Cheah FC
    Singapore Med J, 2009 Jan;50(1):68-72.
    PMID: 19224087
    This study aimed to determine the rates of non-adherence to standard steps of medication administration and medication administration errors committed by registered nurses in a neonatal intensive care unit before and after intervention.
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