Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 144 in total

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  1. Yong SJ, Halim A, Halim M, Liu S, Aljeldah M, Al Shammari BR, et al.
    Rev Med Virol, 2023 Mar;33(2):e2424.
    PMID: 36708022 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2424
    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may inflict a post-viral condition known as post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) or long-COVID. Studies measuring levels of inflammatory and vascular biomarkers in blood, serum, or plasma of COVID-19 survivors with PCS versus non-PCS controls have produced mixed findings. Our review sought to meta-analyse those studies. A systematic literature search was performed across five databases until 25 June 2022, with an updated search on 1 November 2022. Data analyses were performed with Review Manager and R Studio statistical software. Twenty-four biomarkers from 23 studies were meta-analysed. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (Standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.02-0.39), D-dimer (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.09-0.46), lactate dehydrogenase (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.05-0.54), and leukocytes (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.02-0.66) were found in COVID-19 survivors with PCS than in those without PCS. After sensitivity analyses, lymphocytes (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.48) and interleukin-6 (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.49) were also significantly higher in PCS than non-PCS cases. No significant differences were noted in the remaining biomarkers investigated (e.g., ferritin, platelets, troponin, and fibrinogen). Subgroup analyses suggested the biomarker changes were mainly driven by PCS cases diagnosed via manifestation of organ abnormalities rather than symptomatic persistence, as well as PCS cases with duration of <6 than ≥6 months. In conclusion, our review pinpointed certain inflammatory and vascular biomarkers associated with PCS, which may shed light on potential new approaches to understanding, diagnosing, and treating PCS.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  2. Zhao X, Gopinath SCB, Zhao W
    Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2023 Apr;70(2):502-508.
    PMID: 35661417 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2372
    Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a medical complication, occurs when the aortic area becomes swollen and very large. It is mandatory to identify AAA to avoid the breakdown of aneurysms. C-reactive protein (CRP) has been recognized as one of the biomarkers for identifying AAA due to the possibility of CRP produced in vascular tissue, which contributes to the formation of an aneurysm, and it is elevated in patients with a ruptured AAA. This research work was designed to develop an immunosensor on a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-modified surface to quantify the CRP level. Anti-CRP specificity was constructed on the MWCNT surface through a silane linker to interact with CRP. The detection limit of CRP was calculated as 100 pM with an R2 (determination coefficient) value of 0.9855 (y = 2.3446x - 1.9922) on a linear regression graph. The dose-dependent linear pattern was registered from 200 to 3000 pM and attained the saturation level during binding at 3000 pM. Furthermore, serum-spiked CRP showed a clear increase in the current response, proving the specific recognition of CRP in biological samples. This designed biosensor identifies CRP at a lower level and can help diagnose AAA.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
  3. Phang SCW, Ahmad B, Abdul Kadir K, M Palanisamy UD
    Adv Nutr, 2023 Sep;14(5):1159-1169.
    PMID: 37321474 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.06.006
    There are a large number of studies that have reported benefits of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) in various populations with different health status. To date, no systematic reviews have examined randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of TRF supplementations specifically in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to examine the changes in HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin), blood pressure, and serum Hs-CRP (C-reactive protein high sensitivity) levels at post-TRF supplementation. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, OVID Medline, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception until March 2023 for RCTs supplementing TRF in patients with T2DM. A total of 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effect size. The Cochrane Risk-of-Bias (RoB) Assessment Tool was utilized to evaluate the RoB in individual studies. The meta-analysis revealed that TRF supplementation at a dosage of 250-400 mg significantly decreased HbA1c (-0.23, 95% CI: -0.44, -0.02, P < 0.05, n = 754), particularly where the intervention duration is less than 6 mo (-0.47%, 95% CI: -0.90, -0.05, P < 0.05, n = 126) and where duration of diabetes is less than 10 y (-0.37, 95% CI: -0.68, -0.07, P < 0.05, n = 83). There was no significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum Hs-CRP (P > 0.05). The present meta-analysis demonstrated that supplementing with TRF in patients with T2DM decreased HbA1c but does not decrease systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum Hs-CRP.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/analysis
  4. Bachtiar E, Bachtiar BM, Kusumaningrum A, Sunarto H, Soeroso Y, Sulijaya B, et al.
    F1000Res, 2023;12:419.
    PMID: 38269064 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130995.3
    BACKGROUND: The available evidence suggests that inflammatory responses, in both systemic and oral tissue, contribute to the pathology of COVID-19 disease. Hence, studies of inflammation biomarkers in oral fluids, such as saliva, might be useful to better specify COVID-19 features.

    METHODS: In the current study, we performed quantitative real-time PCR to measure salivary levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in saliva obtained from patients diagnosed with mild COVID-19, in a diabetic group (DG; n = 10) and a non-diabetic group (NDG; n = 13). All participants were diagnosed with periodontitis, while six participants with periodontitis but not diagnosed with COVID-19 were included as controls.

    RESULTS: We found increases in salivary total protein levels in both the DG and NDG compared to control patients. In both groups, salivary CRP and IL-6 levels were comparable. Additionally, the levels of salivary CRP were significantly correlated with total proteins, in which a strong and moderate positive correlation was found between DG and NDG, respectively. A linear positive correlation was also noted in the relationship between salivary IL-6 level and total proteins, but the correlation was not significant. Interestingly, the association between salivary CRP and IL-6 levels was positive. However, a moderately significant correlation was only found in COVID-19 patients with diabetes, through which the association was validated by a receiver operating curve.

    CONCLUSIONS: These finding suggest that salivary CRP and IL-6 are particularly relevant as potential non-invasive biomarker for predicting diabetes risk in mild cases of COVID-19 accompanied with periodontitis.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  5. Subramani S, Khor SE, Livingstone BI, Kulkarni UV
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Mar;65(1):36-40.
    PMID: 21265246 MyJurnal
    To investigate the possible association between serum uric acid levels, serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP), and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). A total 232 patients of the eye department at Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia were recruited over 9 weeks. Participants were divided into ARMD (Non-Neovascular ARMD, and Neovascular ARMD) and control groups. 107 participants with non-neovascular ARMD, 6 with neovascular ARMD, and 119 controls participated in the study. The control patients had a similar average Serum Uric Acid level to the average of all patients with ARMD (P = 0.617).
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/analysis
  6. Savrun A, Aydin IE, Savrun ST, Karaman U
    Trop Biomed, 2021 Sep 01;38(3):366-370.
    PMID: 34508345 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.3.080
    Many biomarkers are used in addition to radiologic examinations to determine the severity of COVID-19. This study aims to determine WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, D-dimer, CRP, AST, ALT, LDH, PT, APTT, INR, urea, creatinine, lactate, and ferritin levels in COVID-19 patients and the effect of their changes on mortality rate. The study was conducted between 11 March 2020 and 31 August 2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). A total of 502 patients older than 18 years who presented with suspected COVID-19 were included in the study. Of these 502 patients who applied to the hospital, 229(45.6%) were male and 273(54%) were female. 301(60%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 through computed tomography and PCR tests. 201(40%) patients with negative test results constituted the control group. Patients with positive test results 48.2% (n=145) were men, and 51.8% (n=156) were women. The median age of the patients was 51±25 years. The patients tested positive for COVID-19 were divided into three groups as outpatients (26.9%), inpatients (68.8%), and intensive care unit patients (4.3%). The mortality rate of the patients followed via the patient follow-up system after 30 days was determined as 2.7%. The biomarker values of patients examined in this study tested negative and positive for COVID-19 were compared. In the study, D-dimer, ferritin, Lactate, AST, ALT, LDH, Urea, Creatinine, APTT, and INR levels were found to be higher in the positive tested patients than the negative ones. In the study, it was concluded that neutrophil, lymphocyte, CRP, and ferritin ratios should also be followed in the follow-up phase of the disease. It is important that additional measures should be taken in cases when these biomarkers increase by following the values of the patients who started taking treatment. Also, the ratio of biomarkers is crucial in determining whether the treatment has been effective or not.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/analysis
  7. Mustafar R, Hishamuddin KAM, Mohd R, Kamaruzaman L, Halim WHWA, Hsien YM, et al.
    BMC Nephrol, 2023 Nov 13;24(1):338.
    PMID: 37957551 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03386-w
    BACKGROUND: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising in Malaysia. Early detection is necessary to prevent disease progression, especially in terms of cardiovascular (CV) risk, the main cause of death in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Retinal changes have proven to be a good predictor of CKD whereas cardiac biomarkers are useful in cardiovascular risk stratification. We aimed to demonstrate the correlation between retinal changes and cardiac biomarkers with CKD.

    METHODS: This single-centre cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with CKD stages 3, 4, and 5 (not on dialysis) from the Nephrology Clinic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. A total of 84 patients were recruited with an even distribution across all three stages. They underwent fundus photography where images were analysed for vessel calibre (central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE), central retinal arterial equivalent (CRAE), and tortuosity indices. Optical coherence tomography was used to measure macular volume. Blood samples were sent for laboratory measurement of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). These parameters were analysed in relation to CKD.

    RESULTS: The mean age was 58.8 ± 11.7 years, with 52.4% male and 47.6% female patients. Among them, 64.3% were diabetics. Retinal vessel tortuosity (r = -0.220, p-value = 0.044) had a negative correlation with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). CRVE showed a positive correlation with proteinuria (r = 0.342, p = 0.001) but negative correlation with eGFR (r = -0.236, p = 0.031). Hs-CRP positively correlated with proteinuria (r = 0.313, p = 0.04) and negatively correlated with eGFR (r = -0.370, p = 0.001). Diabetic patients had a higher CRVE compared to non-diabetic patients (p = 0.02). History of ischaemic heart disease was associated with a smaller macula volume (p = 0.038). Male gender (r2 = 0.066, p = 0.031) and HbA1c had a positive influence (r2 = 0.066, p = 0.047) on retinal vessel tortuosity. There was a positive influence of age (r2 = 0.183, p = 0.012) and hs-CRP (r2 = 0.183, p = 0.045) on CRVE. As for macula volume, it negatively correlated with diabetes (r2 = 0.015, p = 0.040) and positively correlated with smoking (r2 = 0.015, p = 0.012).

    CONCLUSION: Our study showed that eGFR value affects retinal vessel tortuosity, CRVE and hs-CRP. These parameters bear potential to be used as non-invasive tools in assessing CKD. However, only macula volume may be associated with CVD risk among the CKD population.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein*
  8. Aminuddin A, Chellappan K, Maskon O, Zakaria Z, Karim AA, Ngah WZ, et al.
    Saudi Med J, 2014 Feb;35(2):138-46.
    PMID: 24562512
    To determine the association between carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (PWVCF) and augmentation index (AI) with future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and to assess whether high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an important mediator towards these vascular changes, among young men.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/metabolism*
  9. Loo YP, Loo CH, Lim AL, Wong CK, Ali NBM, Khor YH, et al.
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2023 Sep;26(9):1788-1798.
    PMID: 37485806 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.14833
    INTRODUCTION: Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune inflammatory arthritis that occurs with psoriasis and has profound impact on patients' physical and psychological well-being. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis.

    METHODS: A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted over a 12-month period at the Dermatology Clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia involving all consecutive psoriasis patients. CASPAR (ClASsification of Psoriatic ARthritis) criteria were used to diagnose psoriatic arthritis.

    RESULTS: A total of 360 patients with psoriasis were recruited, of whom 107 (29.7%) had psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis patients had equal gender distribution and the mean age of arthritis onset was 40.7 ± 12.8 years. Psoriasis preceded arthritis in 81.3% of patients (n = 87) with a mean latency interval of 10.5 years. Polyarthropathy was the predominant subtype affecting 46.8% (n = 50) of patients, followed by oligoarthropathy (22.4%, n = 24), axial joint disease (5.6%, n = 6), predominant distal interphalangeal joint disease (2.8%, n = 3), and mixed subtype (22.4%, n = 24). Enthesitis and dactylitis occurred in 12.1% (n = 13) and 20.6% (n = 22) of arthritis patients, respectively, and deformity was present in 37.4% (n = 40). Psoriatic arthritis was significantly associated with being an ever smoker (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18-0.91, p = .029), genital psoriasis (aOR 2.25; 95% CI 1.17-4.33, p = .015), and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (aOR 1.02; 95% CI 1.01-1.04, p = .005) and C-reactive protein [CRP] (aOR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00-1.08, p = .040).

    CONCLUSION: Our study showed a high prevalence of psoriatic arthritis among the psoriasis cohort. Genital involvement, and increased ESR and CRP were associated with psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/analysis
  10. Ngu NH, Chai CS, Chan SK, Kho SS, Yong MC, Tie ST
    Med J Malaysia, 2022 Nov;77(6):650-654.
    PMID: 36448380
    INTRODUCTION: Corticosteroids, particularly methylprednisolone, are part of the treatment for severe COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this study, we aimed to compare the mortalities of patients treated with higher versus lower doses of methylprednisolone. Secondary outcomes included oxygenation, need for mechanical ventilation, length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU), secondary infection, improvement of PaO2/FiO2 (PF) ratio, and inflammatory response as expressed by C-reactive protein (CRP).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study conducted at Sarawak General Hospital from 1st June to 30th September 2021. Patients who received intravenous methylprednisolone for severe COVID-19 in the ICU were identified and divided into two groups: higher dose (cumulative dose more than 10 mg per kg) and lower dose (cumulative dose less than 10 mg per kg).

    RESULTS: Out of a total of 165 patients, 40 (24.2%) patients received higher dose methylprednisolone. There was no significant difference in socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, body mass index), COVID-19 vaccination status, laboratory parameters (lymphocyte count, CRP, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer), or usage of immunomodulator therapy between the groups. Overall mortality was 23.6%. Mortality in the higher dose group was twice as high compared to lower dose group (37.5% versus 19.2%) (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.24-11.59, p<0.05). In addition, the higher dose cohort developed more secondary infections (87.5%) and had longer stays in ICU (median 11 days, IQR 8- 15). No significant difference was found between both cohorts in terms of CRP reduction, improvement of PF ratio, or the need for mechanical ventilation post methylprednisolone.

    CONCLUSION: In this study, the use of higher dose methylprednisolone in COVID-19 with ARDS was not associated with better clinical outcomes. A lower dose of methylprednisolone might be sufficient in treating severe COVID-19 with ARDS.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  11. Letchumanan I, Md Arshad MK, Balakrishnan SR, Gopinath SCB
    Biosens Bioelectron, 2019 Apr 01;130:40-47.
    PMID: 30716591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.042
    This paper primarily demonstrates the approach to enhance the sensing performance on antigen C-reactive protein (CRP) and anti-CRP antibody binding event. A nanogapped electrode structure with the gap of ~100 nm was modified by the anti-CRP antibody (Probe) to capture the available CRP. In order to increase the amount of antigen to be captured, a gold nanorod with 119 nm in length and 25 nm in width was integrated, to increase the surface area. A comparative study between the existence and non-existence of gold nanorod utilization was evaluated. Analysis of the sensing surface was well-supported by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, 3D nano-profilometry, high-power microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The dielectric voltammetric analysis was carried out from 0 V to 2 V. The sensitivity was calculated based on 3σ and attained as low as 1 pM, which is tremendously low compared to real CRP concentration (119 nM) in human blood serum. The gold nanorod conjugation with antibody has enhanced the sensitivity to 100 folds (10 fM). The specificity of the CRP detection by the proposed strategy was anchored by ELISA and failure in the detection of human blood clotting factor IX by voltammetry. Despite, CRP antigen was further detected in human serum by spiking CRP to run-through the detection with the physiologically relevant samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/isolation & purification*; C-Reactive Protein/chemistry
  12. Vuong NL, Le Duyen HT, Lam PK, Tam DTH, Vinh Chau NV, Van Kinh N, et al.
    BMC Med, 2020 02 17;18(1):35.
    PMID: 32063229 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-1496-1
    BACKGROUND: Dengue infection can cause a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes. The severe clinical manifestations occur sufficiently late in the disease course, during day 4-6 of illness, to allow a window of opportunity for risk stratification. Markers of inflammation may be useful biomarkers. We investigated the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) measured early on illness days 1-3 to predict dengue disease outcome and the difference in CRP levels between dengue and other febrile illnesses (OFI).

    METHOD: We performed a nested case-control study using the clinical data and samples collected from the IDAMS-consortium multi-country study. This was a prospective multi-center observational study that enrolled almost 8000 participants presenting with a dengue-like illness to outpatient facilities in 8 countries across Asia and Latin America. Predefined severity definitions of severe and intermediate dengue were used as the primary outcomes. A total of 281 cases with severe/intermediate dengue were compared to 836 uncomplicated dengue patients as controls (ratio 1:3), and also 394 patients with OFI.

    RESULTS: In patients with confirmed dengue, median (interquartile range) of CRP level within the first 3 days was 30.2 mg/L (12.4-61.2 mg/L) (uncomplicated dengue, 28.6 (10.5-58.9); severe or intermediate dengue, 34.0 (17.4-71.8)). Higher CRP levels in the first 3 days of illness were associated with a higher risk of severe or intermediate outcome (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07-1.29), especially in children. Higher CRP levels, exceeding 30 mg/L, also associated with hospitalization (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.14-1.64) and longer fever clearance time (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.76-0.93), especially in adults. CRP levels in patients with dengue were higher than patients with potential viral infection but lower than patients with potential bacterial infection, resulting in a quadratic association between dengue diagnosis and CRP, with levels of approximately 30 mg/L associated with the highest risk of having dengue. CRP had a positive correlation with total white cell count and neutrophils and negative correlation with lymphocytes, but did not correlate with liver transaminases, albumin, or platelet nadir.

    CONCLUSIONS: In summary, CRP measured in the first 3 days of illness could be a useful biomarker for early dengue risk prediction and may assist differentiating dengue from other febrile illnesses.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/analysis; C-Reactive Protein/metabolism*
  13. Mohamed-Yassin MS, Baharudin N, Ramli AS, Hashim H
    Malays Fam Physician, 2019;14(1):47-52.
    PMID: 31289633
    It remains a challenge to diagnose aortic dissection in primary care, as classic clinical features are not always present. This case describes an atypical presentation of aortic dissection, in which the patient walked in with pleuritic central chest pain associated with a fever and elevated C-reactive protein. Classic features of tearing pain, pulse differentials, and a widened mediastinum on chest X-ray were absent. This unusual presentation highlights the need for a heightened level of clinical suspicion for aortic dissection in the absence of classic features. The case is discussed with reference to the literature on the sensitivity and specificity of the classic signs and symptoms of aortic dissection. A combination of the aortic dissection detection risk score (ADD-RS) and D-dimer test is helpful in ruling out this frequently lethal condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  14. Zahedi SN, Hejazi SH, Boshtam M, Amini F, Fazeli H, Sarmadi M, et al.
    Acta Parasitol, 2021 Mar;66(1):53-59.
    PMID: 32676917 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00251-w
    PURPOSE: Leishmaniasis, a widespread parasitic disease, is a public health concern that is endemic in more than 90 countries. Owing to the drug resistance and also undesirable complications, designing new therapeutic methods are essential. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein of plasma with several immune modulatory functions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of human recombinant CRP (hrCRP) on treating cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice models.

    METHODS: hrCRP was expressed in E. coli Rosetta-gami and extracted from the SDS-PAGE gel. Male BALB/c mice were inoculated subcutaneously at the base of their tails by 1 × 105 stationary-phase of Leishmania major promastigotes (MHRO/IR/75/ER) suspended in sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Nodules and subsequently, ulcers developed 14 days post-injection. 1.5 µg of the purified protein was administered on lesions of pre-infected mice by Leishmania major in the intervention group for five consecutive days.

    RESULTS: The mean area of the lesions was decreased by about seven folds in the intervention group as compared to the control group after two weeks of the treatment (p = 0.024). The results were verified by the real-time polymerase chain reaction so that the parasite burden was determined 27 times in the control group as compared to the intervention group (p = 0.02). Two weeks after treatment, the conversion of the lesions to scars in the intervention group was observed.

    CONCLUSION: The results indicate a potential therapeutic role for hrCRP in improving cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major in mice models. The healing was in a stage-dependent manner.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  15. Norizam Salamt, Amilia Aminuddin, Azizah Ugusman, Aini Farzana Zulkefli
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:2455-2461.
    Studies evaluating the association between pulse wave velocity (PWV), a gold standard measurement of aortic stiffness
    and established markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with other established vascular markers or inflammation
    among young adult is still scarce. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify relevant studies on the
    association between PWV with other vascular markers or inflammation. Relevant articles from Ovid Medline, Science
    Direct and Scopus databases were explored between 2009 and March 2018. Original articles published in English
    measuring any correlation between carotid-femoral PWV (PWVcf) with either augmentation index (AIx), carotid intima
    media thickness (CIMT) or C-reactive protein (CRP) on young adult with age range between 18 and 45 years old were
    included. The literature search identified 21 potential articles to be reviewed, which meet all the inclusion criteria.
    Four articles investigated the correlation between PWVcf with CRP, however only two studies gave significant but weak
    correlations. As for CIMT, a single relevant article was found and the correlation was not significant. In conclusion, lack
    of association between PWV and other vascular markers and inflammation may suggest that these vascular markers have
    their own property in assessing vascular status. Thus, these markers should be measured independently for comprehensive
    assessment of future CVD risk.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  16. Mustafar R, Nesam T, Kamaruzaman L, Mohd R, Sukor N, Safian N, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2023 Jan;78(1):87-92.
    PMID: 36715197
    INTRODUCTION: Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with chronic kidney disease progression, and there are limited data on the vitamin D levels in patients with Immunoglobulin A nephropathy. This study was conducted to determine the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a stable immunoglobulin A nephropathy patient and its association with other parameters.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study involving 70 patients with biopsy-proven immunoglobulin A nephropathy with a stable estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albuminuria. Their demographic profiles were documented, and blood samples were taken for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, urine albuminuria and other routine blood tests.

    RESULTS: We found nine patients (12.9%) had sufficient 25- hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels of more than 30ng/mL and the rest of the patients; 61 (87.1%) had serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/ml. Amongst those with low vitamin D, 38 (62.3%) had serum 25(OH)D between 15-30 ng/mL (insufficient), and the remaining 23 (37.7%) had serum 25(OH)D below 15 ng/ml (deficient). Their mean level of serum 25(OH)D was 19.92 ± 9.04 ng/mL with a serum creatinine of 106.23 ± 38.56 μmol/L and mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 68.11± 27.65 mL/min/1.73 m2. There was no association between urinary albuminuria, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, estimated glomerular filtration rate or systolic blood pressure with serum 25(OH)D level.

    CONCLUSION: Low vitamin D (insufficiency and deficiency) are indeed prevalent in stable immunoglobulin A nephropathy patients. We found no correlation between the vitamin D levels with albuminuria, renal function and highly sensitive C-reactive.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  17. Mohammad A, Falahi E, Mohd Yusof BN, Hanipah ZN, Sabran MR, Mohamad Yusof L, et al.
    Clin Nutr ESPEN, 2021 Dec;46:66-72.
    PMID: 34857250 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.10.013
    OBJECTIVES: The effect of ginger supplements on inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been investigated, but findings are inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the effects of ginger supplementation on inflammatory parameters (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], and interleukin-6 [IL-6]) in patients with T2DM.

    METHODS: We performed a systematic search using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), published until March 17, 2021. The quality assessment was carried out using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. The Q-test and I 2 tests were used for the determination of heterogeneity of the included studies. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, and weighted mean difference (WMD) was used for the overall effect size.

    RESULTS: Pooled findings of the five RCTs demonstrated that ginger supplementations had significantly reduced hs-CRP (WMD -0.42 mg/L; 95% CI, -0.78, -0.05, P = 0.03), TNF-α (-2.13 pg/mL; 95% CI: -3.41, -0.86, P = 0.001), and IL-6 (WMD: -0.61 pg/mL; 95% CI: -0.92, -0.30, P = 0.001) levels in patients with T2DM. The quality assessment of the studies showed that all of the included studies were at high risk of bias.

    CONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis shows that ginger supplementations reduced inflammatory parameters in patients with T2DM. Nonetheless, the reduction is relatively small, and its meaningful clinical effects are unknown. Future high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the beneficial effects of ginger supplementation in patients with T2DM.

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  18. Faghfouri AH, Afrakoti LGMP, Kavyani Z, Nogourani ZS, Musazadeh V, Jafarlou M, et al.
    Inflammopharmacology, 2023 Oct;31(5):2253-2268.
    PMID: 37698776 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01332-8
    OBJECTIVE: Despite the increasing evidence for probiotics' anti-inflammatory effects, the results of meta-analyses remain inconsistent. The present umbrella meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers.

    METHODS: We performed a wide-ranging systematic search in several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar up to April 2023. The overall effect sizes were calculated using effect size (ES) values and their corresponding confidence intervals (CI).

    RESULTS: Out of a total of 580 related articles, 39 studies were qualified for inclusion in the analysis. The results of the analysis revealed a significant reduction of C-reactive protein (CRP) (ES = -1.02; 95% CI: -1.23, -0.80, p 

    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein
  19. Al-Tahami BA, Bee YT, Ismail AA, Rasool AH
    Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc., 2011;47(2):87-97.
    PMID: 21339629 DOI: 10.3233/CH-2010-1370
    INTRODUCTION: This study aims to assess microvascular endothelial function in obese compared to age matched lean controls. Serum lipid profile, fasting glucose, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and adiponectin levels were also determined.
    METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 36 healthy lean and 36 obese subjects. Microvascular endothelial function was assessed using Laser Doppler fluximetry and iontophoresis with acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside.
    RESULTS: Mean age of subjects was 26.54 ± 0.60 years. Obese subjects had higher systolic (118.8 ± 1.5 vs 105.7 ± 2.0 mmHg, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (71.61 ± 1.35 vs 64.53 ± 1.40 mmHg, p = 0.001), higher triglyceride (1.35 ± 0.13 vs 0.79 ± 0.05 mmol/l, p < 0.001), lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.43 ± 0.04 vs 1.62 ± 0.05 mmol/l, p = 0.003), higher hs-CRP (11.58 ± 1.88 vs 1.88 ± 0.35 mg/l, p < 0.001), and lower adiponectin levels (8.80 ± 0.43 vs 25.93 ± 0.40 μg/ml, p < 0.001) compared to lean subjects. Endothelial dependent vasodilatation was lower in obese compared to lean subjects (40.53 ± 6.59 vs 71.03 ± 7.13 AU, p = 0.001).
    CONCLUSION: Microvascular endothelial function is reduced in obese compared to age matched controls. This is associated with higher BP, triglyceride and lower HDL-C and adiponectin levels in obese group.
    Study site: not mentioned
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
  20. Fong SW, Few LL, See Too WC, Khoo BY, Nik Ibrahim NN, Yahaya SA, et al.
    BMC Res Notes, 2015;8:679.
    PMID: 26576922 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1677-8
    Biomarkers play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of patients with acute coronary syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the differences in level of several biomarkers, i.e. C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, soluble CD40 ligand and placental growth factor, between acute coronary syndrome and chronic stable angina patients. The relationship between these biomarkers in the coronary circulation and systemic circulation was also investigated.
    Matched MeSH terms: C-Reactive Protein/metabolism*
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