MyMedR

Fulltext Nocardia infection of the mastoid in an immunocompromised patient

Subha ST, Raman R

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59(5):688-9.

PMID: 15889577

A rare case of Nocardia infection of mastoid is presented in an immunocompromised patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis/diagnosis*; Mastoiditis/microbiology*; Mastoiditis/therapy

Fulltext Cervical necrotising fasciitis consequent to mastoid infection

Chua HK, Chandra Segar CB, Krishnan R, Ho CK

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):104-7.

PMID: 14569726

We present a case of cervical necrotising fasciitis in a 56 year old man, secondary to a rare mastoid infection. The patient had coexisting diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He was treated with early surgical debridement followed by neck and chest reconstruction and radical mastoidectomy. Aggressive antibiotic therapy and supportive care was given. He recovered well with minimal residual functional deficit.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis/complications*; Mastoiditis/pathology; Mastoiditis/therapy

Fulltext Bezold's abscess: A rare complication of acute otitis media

Nasir F, Asha'ari ZA

Malays Fam Physician, 2017;12(2):26-28.

PMID: 29423127

Otitis media is a common disease encountered in the primary practice. Most cases are successfully treated with antibiotics without any sequelae. Because of these, potential serious complications of otitis media may be overlooked. We report a rare case of Bezold's abscess, as a complication of otitis media and discuss its pathophysiology and management.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Fulltext Bezold’s abscess: A rare complication of acute otitis media

Nasir F., Zamzil Amin Asha’ari

Malays Fam Physician, 2017;12(2):26-28.

MyJurnal

Otitis media is a common disease encountered in the primary practice. Most cases are successfully
treated with antibiotics without any sequelae. Because of these, potential serious complications of otitis
media may be overlooked.
We report a rare case of Bezold’s abscess, as a complication of otitis media and discuss its
pathophysiology and management.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Fulltext Mastoiditis in Kelantan

Elango S, Than T

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Sep;50(3):233-6.

PMID: 8926900

Chronic mastoiditis and subperiosteal abscess are rarely seen nowadays in most countries. Thirty-four cases of mastoiditis were reviewed to find out the prevalence of chronic mastoiditis in the east coast of Malaysia. Twenty (58.82%) of these cases were a sequelae of chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma. All the patients with chronic mastoiditis were more than six years old. Forty-five percent of cases with chronic mastoiditis had a well pneumatized mastoid air cell on the unaffected side. The occurrence of chronic mastoiditis or cholesteatoma in a well pneumatized mastoid is not really as rare as was thought to be. X-ray of the mastoids is very useful in diagnosing patients with chronic mastoiditis and cholesteatoma. Mastoiditis is uncommon in adults and whenever a case is seen, an underlying pathology like cholesteatoma should be suspected.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis/etiology; Mastoiditis/epidemiology*

Long-term status of middle-ear aeration post canal wall down mastoidectomy

Ezulia T, Goh BS, Saim L

J Laryngol Otol, 2019 Aug;133(8):662-667.

PMID: 31267884 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215119001385

BACKGROUND: Retraction pocket theory is the most acceptable theory for cholesteatoma formation. Canal wall down mastoidectomy is widely performed for cholesteatoma removal. Post-operatively, each patient with canal wall down mastoidectomy has an exteriorised mastoid cavity, exteriorised attic, neo-tympanic membrane and shallow neo-middle ear.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to clinically assess the status of the neo-tympanic membrane and the exteriorised attic following canal wall down mastoidectomy.

METHODS: All post canal wall down mastoidectomy patients were recruited and otoendoscopy was performed to assess the neo-tympanic membrane. A clinical classification of the overall status of middle-ear aeration following canal wall down mastoidectomy was formulated.

RESULTS: Twenty-five ears were included in the study. Ninety-two per cent of cases showed some degree of neo-tympanic membrane retraction, ranging from mild to very severe.

CONCLUSION: After more than six months following canal wall down mastoidectomy, the degree of retracted neo-tympanic membranes and exteriorised attics was significant. Eustachian tube dysfunction leading to negative middle-ear aeration was present even after the canal wall down procedure. However, there was no development of cholesteatoma, despite persistent retraction.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis/surgery*

Fulltext Mastoiditis secondary to mycobacterium abscessus imaged with gallium-67 scintigraphy

Vijayananthan A, Arumugam A, Kumar G, Harichandra D

Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2008 Apr;4(2):e23.

PMID: 21614326 MyJurnal DOI: 10.2349/biij.4.2.e23

Atypical mycobacterium is rarely seen as a cause of chronic mastoiditis but has been increasingly recognized over the past few years. Mycobacterium abscessus is the most pathogenic and chemotherapy-resistant, rapid-growing mycobacterium of all the four groups. This paper presents a case of a 57-year-old woman who had chronic mastoiditis with recurrent exacerbations. The initial computed tomography (CT) findings showed the presence of an inflammatory process and she was treated with the appropriate antibiotics. The patient subsequently underwent a tissue biopsy when she presented with another exacerbation. At this time, the CT scan did not identify the ongoing exacerbation, but the Gallium-67 scintigraphy did.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Fulltext Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear presenting with aural polyp and facial nerve palsy

Vasiwala R, Burud I, Lum SK, Saren RS

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Oct;70(5):314-5.

PMID: 26556123 MyJurnal

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare tumour in the middle ear and mastoid cavity in children and the diagnosis is difficult. Repeated histological examination may be essential to confirm the diagnosis. We report a 6 year old boy with a left aural polyp, otorrhoea and facial nerve palsy who was initially thought to have otitis media and mastoiditis. He had polypectomy and the tissue taken for histopathology suggested an inflammatory condition. Subsequently he had mastoidectomy. Tissue taken during mastoidectomy was however reported as rhabdomyosarcoma. The child developed a cerebral abscess and eventually succumbed. A literature review of the disease, radiological findings, immunohistochemical features and treatment options is described.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of Temporal Bone with Collet-Sicard Syndrome

Subha ST, Nordin AJ

Iran J Otorhinolaryngol, 2018 Nov;30(101):361-364.

PMID: 30560103

Introduction: Metastatic tumors of the temporal bone are extremely rare. Collet-Sicard syndrome is an uncommon condition characterized by unilateral palsy of the lower four cranial nerves. The clinical features of temporal bone metastasis are nonspecific and mimic infections such as chronic otitis media and mastoiditis.

Case Report: This report describes a rare case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the temporal bone causing Collet-Sicard syndrome, presenting with hearing loss, headache and ipsilateral cranial nerve palsies. The patient was a 68-year old woman initially diagnosed with extensive mastoiditis and later confirmed as having metastatic adenocarcinoma of the temporal bone, based on histopathologic findings.

Conclusion: Clinical presentation of metastatic carcinoma of the temporal bone can be overshadowed by infective or inflammatory conditions. This case report is to emphasize the point that a high index of clinical suspicion is necessary for the early diagnosis of this aggressive disease which carries relatively poor prognosis. This report highlights that it is crucial to suspect malignant neoplasm in patients with hearing loss, headache and cranial nerve palsies.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Fulltext Managing a Complicated Acute Otomastoiditis at Day Four of Life

Lim R, Zulkifli S, Hailani I, Hashim ND

Cureus, 2021 Jan 25;13(1):e12905.

PMID: 33654590 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12905

Acute mastoiditis in a newborn complicated by the presence of facial nerve palsy is an alarming finding requiring rapid assessment and further investigation. Such an early presentation should point the clinician towards an underlying systemic pathology or congenital anatomical abnormality. Facial nerve involvement indicates severe infection and possible dehiscence of the facial canal. Although more frequent in children, it is rare in neonates. We would like to share our experience in managing the youngest known presentation of otomastoiditis at four days of life. The patient presented with otorrhea and facial paralysis and progressed to meningitis. He was finally diagnosed with chronic granulomatous disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Intracranial Complications of Chronic Otitis Media: Why Does It Still Occur?

Gendeh HS, Abdullah AB, Goh BS, Hashim ND

Ear Nose Throat J, 2019 Aug;98(7):416-419.

PMID: 31018687 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319840166

Intracranial complications secondary to chronic otitis media (COM) include otogenic brain abscess and sinus thrombosis. Intravenous antibiotics and imaging have significantly reduced the incidence of intracranial complications secondary to COM. However, the same does not apply to a developing country like Malaysia, which still experiences persisting otogenic complications. This case series describes 3 patients with COM and intracranial complications. All 3 patients had COM with mastoiditis, with 1 of the 3 having a cholesteatoma. Postulated reasons for the continued occurrence include poor access to health care, poor compliance with medication, and the lack of pneumococcal vaccination during childhood. In conclusion, public awareness and a timely specialty referral can reduce the incidence of intracranial complications of COM.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Fulltext Acute mastoid abscess secondary to partially treated upper respiratory tract infection: a case report

Halimuddin, S., Asma, A.

Medicine & Health, 2010;5(1):41-44.

MyJurnal

Acute mastoid abscess is common in daily practice. In children, it is usually caused by unsuccessful treatment or partially treated acute otitis media (AOM). Some authors had reported that chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) can be the source of infection but it is usually associated with the presence of cholesteatoma. A case of an acute mastoid abscess in a 7 year old girl is presented. She had a history of severe otalgia with left post auricular swelling for 3 days. Clinically she was febrile, the left otoscopy showed diffuse post auricular swelling and sagging of the posterior wall of the external canal. She underwent an emergency cortical mastoidectomy for the left mastoid abscess and had an uneventful recovery. In conclusion, this patient was partially treated with antibiotics which increased the risk for ‘masked mastoiditis’, and she later developed a mastoid abscess. Therefore we advocate that all AOM patients should be treated with antibiotics at least for a duration of one week.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Fulltext Rare case of temporal bone carcinoma with intracranial extension

Kasim KS, Abdullah AB

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2012 Dec;64(4):397-8.

PMID: 24294589 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0250-6

Temporal bone cancer, a relatively rare disease, accounting for less than 0.2% of all tumors of the head and neck and is associated with a poor outcome; often presents in a subtle manner, which may delay diagnosis. It should be suspected in any case of persistent otitis media or otitis externa that fails to improve with adequate treatment. Despite advances in operative technique and postoperative care, long-term survival remains poor). It includes cancers arising from pinna that spreads to the temporal bone, primary tumors of the external auditory canal (EAC), middle ear, mastoid, petrous apex, and metastatic lesions to the temporal bone. Here is a report on a case of temporal bone carcinoma presenting with right otalgia, otorrhea and facial paralysis. The patient was initially diagnosed as mastoiditis and later the clinical impression was revised to temporal bone carcinoma (undifferentiated type), based on the pathologic findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Fulltext A rare case of paediatric pontine glioblastoma presenting as a cerebellopontine angle otogenic abscess

Rasalingam K, Abdullah JM, Idris Z, Pal HK, Wahab N, Omar E, et al.

Malays J Med Sci, 2008 Jan;15(1):44-8.

PMID: 22589615

We describe rare case of a 9-year old boy who presented with a two-week history of right ear discharge and mild fever. Contrast enhanced CT scan of the brain showed a lesion in the right cerebellopontine angle with mild enhancement mimicking early abscess formation. Involvement of the mastoid air cells pointing towards a radiological diagnosis of mastoiditis reinforced the diagnosis of an abscess. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was planned for the patient but his conscious level deteriorated and patient slipped into coma warranting immediate surgical intervention. Intraoperatively, about 90% of the tumour was removed and the appearance of the tumour resembled that of an acoustic schwannoma but histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). MRI done post operatively showed lesion in the pons confirming the diagnosis of an exophytic pontine glioblastoma multiforme.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

Myeloid Sarcoma of Temporal Bone: A Rare Manifestation of Relapse Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Goh BS, Tang CL, Tan GC

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2019 Nov;71(Suppl 2):1023-1026.

PMID: 31750119 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-015-0930-8

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare malignant extramedullary neoplasm of myeloid precursor cells. This disorder may occur in concomitance with or precede development of acute or chronic myeloid leukemia. Sometimes, it is the initial manifestation of relapse in a previously treated acute myeloid leukemia. We report a case of 11 years old boy with acute myeloid leukemia in remission state, presented with short history of right otalgia associated with facial nerve palsy. Diagnosis of right acute mastoiditis with facial nerve palsy as complication of acute otitis media was made initially. Patient underwent simple cortical mastoidectomy but histopathology from soft tissue that was sent revealed diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma. A leukemic relapse was confirmed by paediatric oncologist through bone marrow biopsy. Chemotherapy was commenced but patient responded poorly to the treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Mastoiditis

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