Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 284 in total

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  1. Solarin SA, Pata UK, Erdogan S, Okumus I
    J Environ Manage, 2023 Jan 01;325(Pt A):116436.
    PMID: 36274311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116436
    Despite being directly related to anthropogenic consumption and production, researchers have paid less attention to understanding the dynamics of non-methane volatile organic compounds. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the persistence of potential shocks to non-methane volatile organic compounds in 20 developed from 1820 to 2019 performing traditional unit root approaches and a newly developed Fourier quantile unit root test. Great portion of the empirical results obtained by traditional unit root tests reveal that the sectoral non-methane volatile organic compounds follow a non-stationary process, while the Fourier quantile unit root test indicate quite different results. The Fourier quantile test shows that non-methane volatile organic compounds are stationary in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, France and Austria. In the other 15 countries, government interventions to reduce non-methane volatile organic compounds can have lasting effects and success. The inferences and policy outcomes of the empirical results are discussed in the main body of the paper.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  2. Kow CS, Merchant HA, Hasan SS
    J Infect, 2021 Jul;83(1):e14-e15.
    PMID: 33992685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.008
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain/epidemiology
  3. Tan MP, Bansal SK, Wynn NN, Umerov M, Gillham A, Henderson A, et al.
    J Geriatr Cardiol, 2012 Dec;9(4):328-35.
    PMID: 23341836 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1263.2012.06191
    BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) can be estimated with transthoracic echocardiography. However, the significance of raised PASP on routine echocardiography is uncertain. In this study, we evaluated the mortality and hospitalization rates of subjects with raised PASP in a cohort of patients referred directly by their general practitioners for routine outpatient (open access) echocardiography for further analysis of suspected heart failure.
    RESULTS: A total of 485 subjects were referred for open access echocardiography at our hospital in 2002. A cohort of 209/485 (43%) consecutive subjects with measurable tricuspid regurgitation were followed for a minimum of five years investigating hospitalization rates and survival. Some 62 of 209 (30%) subjects had pulmonary hypertension (PH). Subjects with PH were significantly more likely to have four or more hospital admissions (22% vs. 8%; P < 0.01) and > 30 days of cumulative hospital stay over five years (29% vs. 13%; P < 0.01). PH was significantly associated with mortality (P = 0.003), while moderate to severe PH was an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio: 4.31; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.51-12.30). Records from the Office of National Statistics revealed that subjects with PH were more likely to have chronic lung diseases recorded as immediate or contributory causes of death (50% vs. 14%; P < 0.05).
    CONCLUSIONS: PASP ≥ 36 mmHg on routine echocardiography is associated with recurrent hospital admissions, prolonged hospitalizations and increased cause of mortality. Therefore, the diagnosis of PH on echocardiography deserves further clinical evaluation, with future studies designed at defining a suitable diagnostic strategy.
    KEYWORDS: Chronic lung disease; Dyspnoea; Heart failure; Pulmonary hypertension; Transthoracic echocardiography
    Study site: Sunderland Royal Hospital, United Kingdom
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  4. Merchant HA, Kow CS, Hasan SS
    Expert Rev Respir Med, 2021 08;15(8):973-978.
    PMID: 33573416 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1890035
    Introduction: The first confirmed COVID-19 case in UK dates to 11 January 2020, exhibiting its first peak during April 2020. The country has since been hit by another wave in the winter 2020, almost at the first anniversary of the pandemic.Areas covered: An in-depth analysis of the COVID-19 positive cases in the UK throughout the year, hospitalizations, patients in critical care, and COVID-19 associated deaths.Expert opinion: The COVID-19 associated hospital admission accounts to 15% of total COVID-19 positive cases in November 2020. The percentage of total COVID-19 positive patients in the country died from the disease was under 4% in November 2020. Total deaths in England (all-cause) from June to October 2020 were similar to the historic averages. Age was the single most determinator of COVID-19 associated mortality, 50 years or older accounted for 98% of total COVID deaths. Age distribution of COVID-19 associated deaths in 2020 was similar to all-cause mortality age distribution in 2019. There was no significant improvement in the survival rate of COVID-19 patients receiving critical care. This prompts an urgent need to invest in novel antiviral therapeutics to save the most vulnerable in the society.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain/epidemiology
  5. Pieris A
    J Soc Hist, 2011;45(2):453-79.
    PMID: 22299197
    The rhetoric surrounding the transportation of prisoners to the Straits Settlements and the reformative capacity of the penal labor regime assumed a uniform subject, an impoverished criminal, who could be disciplined and accordingly civilized through labor. Stamford Raffles, as lieutenant governor of Benkulen, believed that upon realizing the advantages of the new colony, criminals would willingly become settlers. These two colonial prerogatives of labor and population categorized transportees into laboring classes where their exploitation supposedly brought mutual benefit. The colonized was collectively homogenized as a class of laborers and evidence to the contrary, of politically challenging and resistant individuals was suppressed. This paper focuses on two prisoners who were incriminated during the anti-colonial rebellions of the mid-nineteenth century and were transported to the Straits Settlements. Nihal Singh, a political prisoner from Lahore, was incarcerated in isolation to prevent his martyrdom and denied the supposed benefits of labor reform. Conversely, Tikiri Banda Dunuwille, a lawyer from Ceylon was sent to labor in Melaka as a form of humiliation. Tikiri’s many schemes to evade labor damned him in the eyes of the authorities. The personal histories of these two individuals expose how colonial penal policy recognized and manipulated individual differences during a time of rising anti-colonial sentiment. The experiences of these prisoners, the response of their communities and the voices of their descendents offer us a very different entry point into colonial penal history.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain/ethnology
  6. Mathers N, Khoo EM, McCarthy S, Thompson J, Low WY
    Br J Gen Pract, 2003 May;53(490):409.
    PMID: 12830578
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain/epidemiology
  7. Sahota A, Ong T, Kumar A, Simmonds L, Yoon WW, Salem K, et al.
    Osteoporos Int, 2021 02;32(2):395-396.
    PMID: 33392717 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05770-w
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain/epidemiology
  8. Ong T, Sahota O
    Injury, 2021 Oct;52(10):2903-2907.
    PMID: 34247765 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.06.028
    INTRODUCTION: Patients that require hospital admission for vertebral fragility fractures were older, multimorbid, frail, have cognitive impairment and were in severe pain. This study aimed to describe the hospital treatment received in one UK university hospital with the purpose of proposing what hospital services should look like.

    METHOD: This was an observational study of adults aged 50 years and over admitted to hospital over 12 months with an acute vertebral fragility fracture. Information was collected from patients and electronic health records on their presentation and hospital care.

    RESULTS: 90 patients were recruited into the study. 69% presented to hospital 24 h after the onset of their severe acute back pain. 38% had a concomitant medical diagnosis, such as an ongoing infection. X-ray of the spine was the most common imaging of choice to diagnose a fracture. There was variation in the content of the radiology reports. 46% or patients were managed on geriatric medicine wards, 39% on general medical wards, and followed by 14% on spinal surgical wards. Patients cared for by medical teams were older, frailer, had a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment, more dependent for daily living and less mobile compared to those under the care of the spinal surgical team. Many patients on medical wards had input from spinal surgical team and vice versa. 9% proceeded to have vertebral augmentation. Despite many in severe pain, only a third were prescribed opioids with the median dose of morphine-equivalent was 10-20 mg daily for the first three days of admission. While in hospital, 31% developed a medical complication, with infection being the most common one. On discharge, 76% still required opioids and only 56% had a plan for their bone health.

    DISCUSSION: Improvements could be made to hospital vertebral fracture care. Many did not receive adequate pain relief and appropriate assessments to reduce their future fall and fracture risk. Most were medically managed. Quality standards and re-organising care in hip fracture has led to improved outcomes. A similar approach in vertebral fragility fractures might also deliver improved outcomes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain/epidemiology
  9. Gupta R, Hasan MM, Islam SZ, Yasmin T, Uddin J
    PLoS One, 2023;18(6):e0287342.
    PMID: 37319267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287342
    The economic landscape of the United Kingdom has been significantly shaped by the intertwined issues of Brexit, COVID-19, and their interconnected impacts. Despite the country's robust and diverse economy, the disruptions caused by Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic have created uncertainty and upheaval for both businesses and individuals. Recognizing the magnitude of these challenges, academic literature has directed its attention toward conducting immediate research in this crucial area. This study sets out to investigate key economic factors that have influenced various sectors of the UK economy and have broader economic implications within the context of Brexit and COVID-19. The factors under scrutiny include the unemployment rate, GDP index, earnings, and trade. To accomplish this, a range of data analysis tools and techniques were employed, including the Box-Jenkins method, neural network modeling, Google Trend analysis, and Twitter-sentiment analysis. The analysis encompassed different periods: pre-Brexit (2011-2016), Brexit (2016-2020), the COVID-19 period, and post-Brexit (2020-2021). The findings of the analysis offer intriguing insights spanning the past decade. For instance, the unemployment rate displayed a downward trend until 2020 but experienced a spike in 2021, persisting for a six-month period. Meanwhile, total earnings per week exhibited a gradual increase over time, and the GDP index demonstrated an upward trajectory until 2020 but declined during the COVID-19 period. Notably, trade experienced the most significant decline following both Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the impact of these events exhibited variations across the UK's four regions and twelve industries. Wales and Northern Ireland emerged as the regions most affected by Brexit and COVID-19, with industries such as accommodation, construction, and wholesale trade particularly impacted in terms of earnings and employment levels. Conversely, industries such as finance, science, and health demonstrated an increased contribution to the UK's total GDP in the post-Brexit period, indicating some positive outcomes. It is worth highlighting that the impact of these economic factors was more pronounced on men than on women. Among all the variables analyzed, trade suffered the most severe consequences in the UK. By early 2021, the macroeconomic situation in the country was characterized by a simple dynamic: economic demand rebounded at a faster pace than supply, leading to shortages, bottlenecks, and inflation. The findings of this research carry significant value for the UK government and businesses, empowering them to adapt and innovate based on forecasts to navigate the challenges posed by Brexit and COVID-19. By doing so, they can promote long-term economic growth and effectively address the disruptions caused by these interrelated issues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain/epidemiology
  10. O'Connor M, O'Brien AP, Griffiths D, Poon E, Chin J, Payne S, et al.
    Asia Pac J Clin Oncol, 2010 Sep;6(3):197-202.
    PMID: 20887501 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-7563.2010.01315.x
    This paper describes the preliminary work required to understand cultural differences in palliative care in the United Kingdom and three countries in the Asia-Pacific region, in preparation for a cross-country study. The study is intended to address cultural understandings of palliative care, the role of the family in end of life care, what constitutes good care and the ethical issues in each country. Suggestions are then made to shape the scope of the study and to be considered as outcomes to improve care of the dying in these countries. It is anticipated that the method used to achieve consensus on cross-country palliative care issues will be both qualitative and quantitative. Identifying key priorities in the delivery and quality measures of palliative care will involve participants in focus groups, a Delphi survey and in the development of clinical indicators towards creating standards of palliative care common to the Asian Pacific region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  11. Chell D
    Nurs Times, 2000 Aug;97(31):26-7.
    PMID: 11957529
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  12. Sandosham AA
    Med J Malaya, 1972 Dec;27(2):79-80.
    PMID: 4268043
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  13. Ahmad P, Dummer PMH, Noorani TY, Asif JA
    Int Endod J, 2019 Jun;52(6):803-818.
    PMID: 30667524 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13083
    AIM: To analyse the main characteristics of the top 50 most-cited articles published in the International Endodontic Journal from 1967 to 2018.

    METHODOLOGY: The Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science 'All Databases', Elsevier's Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed Central were searched to retrieve the 50 most-cited articles in the IEJ published from April 1967 to December 2018. The articles were analysed and information including number of citations, year of publication, contributing authors, institutions and countries, study design, study topic, impact factor and keywords was extracted.

    RESULTS: The number of citations of the 50 selected papers varied from 575 to 130 (Web of Science), 656 to164 (Elsevier's Scopus), 1354 to 199 (Google Scholar) and 123 to 3 (PubMed). The majority of papers were published in the year 2001 (n = 7). Amongst 102 authors, the greatest contribution was made by four contributors that included Gulabivala K (n = 4), Ng YL (n = 4), Pitt Ford TR (n = 4) and Wesselink PR (n = 4). The majority of papers originated from the United Kingdom (n = 8) with most contributions from King's College London Dental Institute (UK) and Eastman Dental Hospital, London. Reviews were the most common study design (n = 19) followed by Clinical Research (n = 16) and Basic Research (n = 15). The majority of topics covered by the most-cited articles were Outcome Studies (n = 9), Intracanal medicaments (n = 8), Endodontic microbiology (n = 7) and Canal instrumentation (n = 7). Amongst 76 unique keywords, Endodontics (n = 7), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) (n = 7) and Root Canal Treatment (n = 7) were the most frequently used.

    CONCLUSION: This is the first study to identify and analyse the top 50 most-cited articles in a specific professional journal within Dentistry. The analysis has revealed information regarding the development of the IEJ over time as well as scientific progress in the field of Endodontology.

    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  14. Turner J, Hammond D, Goodson M
    Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2021 02;59(2):e48-e64.
    PMID: 33109382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.08.090
    Publication in peer-reviewed journals is often seen as a cornerstone of the academic and clinical career within medicine and surgery. As one of the largest circulations in oral and maxillofacial surgery, the British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (BJOMS) offers trainees and consultants the opportunity to disseminate valuable information worldwide. The aim of this paper is to investigate the variation in publication rates of U.K. authors based upon their Deanery in order to identify potential hotspots. All volumes of BJOMS between 2011 and 2019 were hand searched to identify full articles authored by authors in U.K., these were categorised by Deanery and allocated a theme within OMFS. The results demonstrate that, of the 378 full length articles, over 30% of these were from two Deaneries: London and North West (West). Oncology, OMFS training and education, and craniofacial trauma were the three most common themes of publication amounting to 51.5% of total publications. There has been an unfortunate decrease in publications from U.K. Deaneries of almost 30% from 2011 to 2019 which begs the question of whether fewer publications are being accepted or if rates of submission have reduced.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  15. Lee, Szu Ming, Poh, Bee Koon, Mohd Ismail Noor, Ahmad Fuad Shamsuddin
    MyJurnal
    Kafein mempunyai kesan ergogenik terhadap golongan yang terlatih; walaubagaimanapun, kajian kesan fisiologi kafein terhadap golongan sedentari adalah amat terhad. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kesan kafein ke atas penggunaan oksigen dan tanggapan tahap lesu semasa senaman intensiti sederhana dalam kalangan dewasa muda perempuan yang sedentari. Subjek terdiri daripada 16 orang mahasiswi yang berumur antara 22 hingga 24 tahun. Kriteria penerimaan adalah tahap aktiviti fizikal yang rendah dan pengambilan kafein adalah kurang daripada 50 mg sehari, disaring dengan menggunakan Soal Selidik Aktiviti Fizikal Antarabangsa (versi pendek) dan soal selidik pengambilan kafein. Reka bentuk kajian eksperimental ini adalah buta tunggal, pindah silang, kawalan plasebo dengan semua subjek menjadi kawalannya tersendiri. Subjek dikehendaki malaporkan diri ke makmal untuk menjalankan dua sesi eksperimen selepas masing-masing mengambil kapsul plasebo atau kafein dengan selang masa 3 hari antara dua sesi eksperimen tersebut. Enam puluh minit selepas mengambil kapsul plasebo (Glucolin, glukosa) atau 100 mg kafein (Pro-plus, United Kingdom), subjek dikehendaki berlari di atas treadmill selama 30 minit pada kuasa kerja yang bersamaan 60% daripada anggaran maksimum kadar denyutan jantung. Penggunaan oksigen, kadar denyutan jantung dan tanggapan tahap lesu direkod pada minit ke-20, ke-25 dan ke-30, manakala tekanan darah direkod serta-merta selepas subjek menghabiskan larian. Perbezaan direkod selepas kesemua subjek menyempurnakan kedua-dua eksperimen plasebo dan kafein. Min peratus lemak tubuh subjek adalah 28.4 ± 5.4. Ujian t bersandar menunjukkan tiada perbezaan signifikan antara trial plasebo dengan trial kafein ke atas penggunaan oksigen (13.99 ± 2.47 vs 14.49 ± 1.73, p = 0.440), tanggapan tahap lesu (12.3 ± 2.5 vs 12.3 ± 2.1, p = 1.000), tekanan darah sistolik (113 ± 10 vs 117 ± 11, p = 0.129), tekanan diastolik (67 ± 8 vs 69 ± 10, p = 0.408) dan kadar denyutan jantung (127.3 ± 11.0 vs 127.1 ± 11.6, p = 0.912). Terdapat korelasi negatif tinggi yang signifikan antara peratusan lemak tubuh dengan pengambilan oksigen (r = –0.568, p < 0.05) serta korelasi positif tinggi yang signifikan antara peratusan lemak tubuh dengan tanggapan tahap lesu (r = 0.515, p < 0.05). Hasil kajian tidak meningkatkan kesan yang signifikan mungkin disebabkan oleh kesan saiz (effect size) kajian ini yang kecil (d = 0.24). Justeru itu, kajian masa depan yang melibatkan lebih ramai subjek harus dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan kafein semasa senaman dalam kalangan populasi sedentari.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  16. Khan SAR, Umar M, Yu Z, Nawaz MT
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Oct;30(47):103760-103775.
    PMID: 37695483 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29537-y
    The management of waste through dual way of recycling (i-e offline and online) is assumed to have a key role in attaining ecological sustainability and enabling circular practices. The research on online recycling is gaining evolution in recent age. Prior literature on the current research theme has failed to provide a comprehensive outlook and future trend. Therefore, the current research intends to elaborate the current research scenario linked with online recycling by critically scrutinizing the prior research over the last 41 years. A comprehensive analysis was conducted using the Scopus database, retrieving a total of 866 articles. These articles were selected to provide a conceptual overview and understanding of the fundamental research conducted in the field. By employing bibliometric analysis this research provides comprehensive detail about evolution, mapping of publications and prominent trends from the year 1981 to 2022 to understand the practices and future trends of online recycling research. The outcomes elucidated that there is exponential increase in research publications relating to online recycling over the last five years. The most influential producer of online recycling research are China, United Kingdom and United States. Chinese Universities has the highest number of publications among all the countries across globe. Moreover, the current research trend is focused on technology based circular economy, industrial ecology, bio-based waste management, dual channel recycling, municipal waste, waste from electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), environmental impact and lifecycle assessment. Hence, the prominent research perspective and highlighted features could offer recommendation for upcoming studies to contribute in literature and help practitioners, policymakers and professionals move towards circular practices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
  17. Grant IW
    Br Med J, 1978 Jun 10;1(6126):1549.
    PMID: 656792
    Matched MeSH terms: Great Britain
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