Displaying all 16 publications

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  1. Ho JJ, Rasa G
    PMID: 17636807
    Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs in approximately 1.9 per 1000 newborns and may be more frequent in developing countries. There is strong evidence for the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the treatment of PPHN. However, many developing countries do not have access or the technical expertise required for these expensive therapies. Magnesium sulfate is a potent vasodilator and hence has the potential to reduce the high pulmonary arterial pressures associated with PPHN. If magnesium sulfate were found to be effective in the treatment of PPHN, this could be a cost effective and potentially life-saving therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use*
  2. Sarbon, N.M., Cheow, C.S., Kyaw. Z.W., Howell, N.K.
    MyJurnal
    The aims of this study were to examine the effect of salts (CaCl2, CaSO4 and MgSO4) on the rheological and thermal properties of gelatin extracted from the skins of tropical fishes, sin croaker (Johnius dussumeiri) and shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma). It was found that the melting temperatures of fish skin gelatins were increased by 1.5 times as compared to bovine gelatin which was only increased by 0.5 times after holding for 2 h at 5°C. The storage (G’) and loss (G”) modulus of fish skin gelatins were improved with the addition of calcium sulphate (CaSO4) and magnesium sulphate (MgSO4), respectively. However, the storage (G’) and loss (G”) modulus of gelatin solutions were decreased with the addition of calcium chloride (CaCl2). Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) was found to be an effective salt to improve the bloom value, elastic and viscous moduli of the fish skin gelatin. This study showed that shortfin scad skin gelatin with salt addition possessed better thermal and rheological properties than sin croaker gelatin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate
  3. Davendralingam Sinniah
    MyJurnal
    Nebulization with B-agonist and administration of systemic corticosteroids are standard treatments for severe asthma exacerbations, but corticosteroids take several hours to become effective. IV magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) acts faster and has both antiinflammatory and bronchodilating properties. It appears to have played a pivotal role in the successful management of a child with severe asthma exacerbation and atelectasis unresponsive to conventional therapy. A literature review reveals that the results of IV MgSO4 are much greater in children than in adults, and can avoid the need to hospitalize 25% of children presenting with severe asthma. Magnesium sulphate appears safe to use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate
  4. Lew LC, Choi SB, Tan PL, Liong MT
    J Appl Microbiol, 2014 Mar;116(3):644-53.
    PMID: 24267975 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12399
    The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Mn(2+) and Mg(2+) on lactic acid production using response surface methodology and to further study their effects on interactions between the enzymes and substrates along the hexose monophosphate pathway using a molecular modelling approach.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/pharmacology*
  5. Norizan NABM, Halim M, Tan JS, Abbasiliasi S, Mat Sahri M, Othman F, et al.
    Molecules, 2020 Jul 31;25(15).
    PMID: 32752106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153516
    Palm kernel cake (PKC) has been largely produced in Malaysia as one of the cheap and abundant agro-waste by-products from the palm oil industry and it contains high fiber (mannan) content. The present study aimed to produce β-mannanase by Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774 via optimization of the medium composition using palm kernel cake as substrate in semi-solid fermentation. The fermentation nutrients such as PKC, peptone, yeast extract, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate (MgSO2), initial culture pH and temperature were screened using a Plackett-Burman design. The three most significant factors identified, PKC, peptone and NaCl, were further optimized using central composite design (CCD), a response surface methodology (RSM) approach, where yeast extract and MgSO2 were fixed as a constant factor. The maximum β-mannanase activity predicted by CCD under the optimum medium composition of 16.50 g/L PKC, 19.59 g/L peptone, 3.00 g/L yeast extract, 2.72 g/L NaCl and 0.2 g/L MgSO2 was 799 U/mL. The validated β-mannanase activity was 805.12 U/mL, which was close to the predicted β-mannanas activity. As a comparison, commercial media such as nutrient broth, M9 and Luria bertani were used for the production of β-mannanase with activities achieved at 204.16 ± 9.21 U/mL, 50.32 U/mL and 88.90 U/mL, respectively. The optimized PKC fermentation medium was four times higher than nutrient broth. Hence, it could be a potential fermentation substrate for the production of β-mannanase activity by Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/chemistry
  6. Sunilson JA, Anandarajagopal K, Kumari AV, Mohan S
    Indian J Pharm Sci, 2009 Nov;71(6):691-5.
    PMID: 20376227 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474X.59556
    The antidiarrhoeal effect of the water extract of Melastoma malabathricum Linn. (Melastomataceae) leaves were investigated by employing four experimental models of diarrhea in Swiss mice. Melastoma malabathricum water extract treated mice showed significant reduction in the fecal output and protected them from castor oil-induced diarrhoea. The extract also reduced the intestinal fluid secretion induced by magnesium sulphate and gastrointestinal motility after charcoal meal administration in the mice. No mortality and visible signs of general weakness was observed in the mice following the test extract administration up to 2000 mg/kg dose.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate
  7. Rohana J, Boo NY, Chandran V, Sarvananthan R
    Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Oct;18(4):58-62.
    PMID: 22589673 MyJurnal
    Developmental disabilities have been reported in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) treated with inhaled nitric oxide (INO) or intravenous magnesium sulphate (MgSO(4)) and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. This paper reports the rate of developmental disabilities at 2 years of age in a cohort of survivors of PPHN treated with INO, MgSO(4), or both during the neonatal period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate
  8. Lew LC, Liong MT, Gan CY
    J Appl Microbiol, 2013 Feb;114(2):526-35.
    PMID: 23082775 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12044
    AIMS: The study aimed to optimize the growth and evaluate the production of putative dermal bioactives from Lactobacillus rhamnosus FTDC 8313 using response surface methodology, in the presence of divalent metal ions, namely manganese and magnesium.
    METHODS AND RESULTS: A central composite design matrix (alpha value of ± 1.414) was generated with two independent factors, namely manganese sulphate (MnSO(4) ) and magnesium sulphate (MgSO(4) ). The second-order regression model indicated that the quadratic model was significant (P < 0.01), suggesting that the model accurately represented the data in the experimental region. Three-dimensional response surfaces predicted an optimum point with maximum growth of 10.59 log(10) CFU ml(-1) . The combination that produced the optimum point was 0.80 mg ml(-1) MnSO(4) and 1.09 mg ml(-1) MgSO(4) . A validation experiment was performed, and data obtained showed a deviation of 0.30% from the predicted value, ascertaining the predictions and the reliability of the regression model used. Effects of divalent metal ions on the production of putative dermal bioactives, namely hyaluronic acid, diacetyl, peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid and organic acids in the region of optimized growth, were evaluated using 3D response surfaces generated. Evaluation based on the individual and interaction effects showed that both manganese and magnesium played an important role in the production of these putative bioactives.
    CONCLUSIONS: Optimum growth of Lact. rhamnosus FTDC 8313 in reconstituted skimmed milk was achieved at 10.59 log(10) CFU ml(-1) in the presence of MnSO(4) (0.80 mg ml(-1) ) and MgSO(4) (1.09 mg ml(-1) ). Production of putative dermal bioactive and inhibitory compounds including hyaluronic acid, diacetyl, peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid and organic acids at the regions of optimized growth showed potential dermal applications.
    SIGNIFICANT AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This research can serve as a fundamental study to further evaluate the potential of Lactobacillus strains in non-gut-related roles such as dermal applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/pharmacology*
  9. Than NN, Soe HHK, Palaniappan SK, Abas AB, De Franceschi L
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2019 09 09;9:CD011358.
    PMID: 31498421 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011358.pub3
    BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive inherited haemoglobinopathy which causes painful vaso-occlusive crises due to sickle red blood cell dehydration. Vaso-occlusive crises are common painful events responsible for a variety of clinical complications; overall mortality is increased and life expectancy decreased compared to the general population. Experimental studies suggest that intravenous magnesium has proven to be well-tolerated in individuals hospitalised for the immediate relief of acute (sudden onset) painful crisis and has the potential to decrease the length of hospital stay. Some in vitro studies and open studies of long-term oral magnesium showed promising effect on pain relief but failed to show its efficacy. The studies show that oral magnesium therapy may prevent sickle red blood cell dehydration and prevent recurrent painful episodes. There is a need to access evidence for the impact of oral and intravenous magnesium effect on frequency of pain, length of hospital stay and quality of life. This is an updated version of the review.

    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of short-term intravenous magnesium on the length of hospital stay and quality of life in children and adults with sickle cell disease. To determine the effects of long-term oral magnesium therapy on the frequency of painful crises and the quality of life in children and adults with sickle cell disease.

    SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books.Date of last search of the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group's Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register: 03 February 2019.Date of last search of other resources (clinical trials registries): 04 April 2019.

    SELECTION CRITERIA: We searched for published and unpublished randomized controlled studies of oral or intravenous magnesium compared to placebo or no magnesium.

    DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Authors independently assessed the study quality and extracted the data using standard Cochrane methodologies.

    MAIN RESULTS: We included five randomized placebo-controlled studies with a total of 386 participants (aged three to 53 years). Of these, two shorter parallel studies (n = 306) compared intravenous magnesium sulphate to placebo (normal saline) for admission to hospital due to a vaso-occlusive crisis, for which we were able to analyse data. The quality of evidence was moderate for studies in this comparison, mainly due to limitations due to risk of bias and imprecision. Two of the three longer-term studies comparing oral magnesium pidolate to placebo had a cross-over design. The third was a parallel factorial study which compared hydroxyurea and oral magnesium to each other and to placebo over a longer period of time; we only present the comparison of oral magnesium to placebo from this study. The quality of evidence was very low with uncertainty of the estimation.The eight-hourly dose levels in the two studies of intravenous magnesium were different; one used 100 mg/kg while the second used 40 mg/kg. Only one of these studies (n = 104) reported the mean daily pain score while hospitalised (a non-significant difference between groups, moderate quality evidence). The second study (n = 202) reported a number of child- and parent-reported quality of life scores. None of the scores showed any difference between treatment groups (low quality evidence). Data from one study (n = 106) showed no difference in length of stay in hospital between groups (low quality evidence). Both studies reported on adverse events, but not defined by severity as we had planned. One study showed significantly more participants receiving intravenous magnesium experienced warmth at infusion site compared to placebo; there were no differences between groups for other adverse events (low quality evidence).Three studies (n = 80) compared oral magnesium pidolate to placebo. None of them reported data which we were able to analyse. One study (n = 24) reported on the number of painful days and stated there was no difference between two groups (low quality evidence). None of the studies reported on quality of life or length of hospital stay. Two studies (n = 68) reported there were no differences in levels of magnesium in either plasma or red blood cells (moderate quality evidence). Two studies (n = 56) reported adverse events. One reported episodes of mild diarrhoea and headache, all of which resolved without stopping treatment. The second study reported adverse events as gastrointestinal disorders, headache or migraine, upper respiratory infections and rash; which were all evenly distributed across treatment groups (moderate quality evidence).

    AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Moderate to low quality evidence showed neither intravenous magnesium and oral magnesium therapy has an effect on reducing painful crisis, length of hospital stay and changing quality of life in treating sickle cell disease. Therefore, no definitive conclusions can be made regarding its clinical benefit. Further randomized controlled studies, perhaps multicentre, are necessary to establish whether intravenous and oral magnesium therapies have any effect on improving the health of people with sickle cell disease.

    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use
  10. Boo NY, Rohana J, Yong SC, Bilkis AZ, Yong-Junina F
    Singapore Med J, 2010 Feb;51(2):144-50.
    PMID: 20358154
    The aim of this study was to compare the response and survival rates of term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) on high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) treated with either inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) or intravenous magnesium sulphate (MgSO4).
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/administration & dosage*
  11. Than NN, Soe HHK, Palaniappan SK, Abas AB, De Franceschi L
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017 Apr 14;4:CD011358.
    PMID: 28409830 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011358.pub2
    BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive inherited haemoglobinopathy which causes painful vaso-occlusive crises due to sickle red blood cell dehydration. Vaso-occlusive crises are common painful events responsible for a variety of clinical complications; overall mortality is increased and life expectancy decreased compared to the general population. Experimental studies suggest that intravenous magnesium has proven to be well-tolerated in individuals hospitalised for the immediate relief of acute (sudden onset) painful crisis and has the potential to decrease the length of hospital stay. Some in vitro studies and open studies of long-term oral magnesium showed promising effect on pain relief but failed to show its efficacy. The studies show that oral magnesium therapy may prevent sickle red blood cell dehydration and prevent recurrent painful episodes. There is a need to access evidence for the impact of oral and intravenous magnesium effect on frequency of pain, length of hospital stay and quality of life.

    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of short-term intravenous magnesium on the length of hospital stay and quality of life in children and adults with sickle cell disease. To determine the effects of long-term oral magnesium therapy on the frequency of painful crises and the quality of life in children and adults with sickle cell disease.

    SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books.Date of last search of the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group's Haemoglobinopathies Trials Register: 01 December 2016.Date of last search of other resources (clinical trials registries): 29 March 2017.

    SELECTION CRITERIA: We searched for published and unpublished randomized controlled studies of oral or intravenous magnesium compared to placebo or no magnesium.

    DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Authors independently assessed the study quality and extracted the data using standard Cochrane methodologies.

    MAIN RESULTS: We included five randomized placebo-controlled studies with a total of 386 participants (aged three to 53 years). Two shorter parallel studies (n = 306) compared intravenous magnesium sulphate to placebo (normal saline) for admission to hospital due to a vaso-occlusive crisis, for which we were able to analyse data. The quality of evidence was moderate for studies presenting this comparison mainly due to limitations due to risk of bias and imprecision. Two of the three longer-term studies comparing oral magnesium pidolate to placebo had a cross-over design. The third was a parallel factorial study which compared hydroxyurea and oral magnesium to each other and to placebo over a longer period of time; we only present the comparison of oral magnesium to placebo from this study. The quality of evidence was very low with uncertainty of the estimation.The eight-hourly dose levels in the two studies of intravenous magnesium were different; one used 100 mg/kg while the second used 40 mg/kg. Only one of these studies (n = 104) reported the mean daily pain score while hospitalised (a non-significant difference between groups, moderate quality evidence). The second study (n = 202) reported a number of child- and parent-reported quality of life scores. None of the scores showed any difference between treatment groups (low quality evidence). Data from one study (n = 106) showed no difference in length of stay in hospital between groups (low quality evidence). Both studies reported on adverse events, but not defined by severity as we had planned. One study showed significantly more participants receiving intravenous magnesium experienced warmth at infusion site compared to placebo; there were no differences between groups for other adverse events (low quality evidence).Three studies (n = 80) compared oral magnesium pidolate to placebo. None of them reported data which we were able to analyse. One study (n = 24) reported on the number of painful days and stated there was no difference between two groups (low quality evidence). None of the studies reported on quality of life or length of hospital stay. Two studies (n = 68) reported there were no differences in levels of magnesium in either plasma or red blood cells (moderate quality evidence). Two studies (n = 56) reported adverse events. One reported episodes of mild diarrhoea and headache, all of which resolved without stopping treatment. The second study reported adverse events as gastrointestinal disorders, headache or migraine, upper respiratory infections and rash; which were all evenly distributed across treatment groups (moderate quality evidence).

    AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Moderate to low quality evidence showed neither intravenous magnesium and oral magnesium therapy has an effect on reducing painful crisis, length of hospital stay and changing quality of life in treating sickle cell disease. Therefore, no definitive conclusions can be made regarding its clinical benefit. Further randomized controlled studies, perhaps multicentre, are necessary to establish whether intravenous and oral magnesium therapies have any effect on improving the health of people with sickle cell disease.

    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use
  12. Rohana J, Boo NY, Thambidorai CR
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Feb;49(2):142-4.
    PMID: 18301842
    This prospective observational study was conducted to determine the outcome of newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). They were managed with a protocol of gentle ventilation to avoid barotraumas, and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) or intravenous magnesium sulphate for treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborns (PPHN).
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate/administration & dosage
  13. Norhuzaimah, J., Liu, C. Y., Muhammad, M., Joanna Ooi ,S. M.
    MyJurnal
    During induction of general anaesthesia, the act of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation stimulates the sympathetic
    nervous system resulting in an increase in blood pressure and heart rate which may be harmful especially in elderly
    patients with pre-existing ischaemic heart disease. Several drugs have therefore been used to obtund this increase
    including esmolol, nicardipine, magnesium sulphate and lignocaine. This prospective, double blind randomised
    clinical trial compared the efficacy of magnesium sulphate and esmolol in attenuating haemodynamic responses to
    laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. One hundred and twenty six ASA I-II patients scheduled for elective surgery
    requiring general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation were enrolled and randomised into two groups: Group 1 (n =
    67) received MgSO4 40 mg/kg diluted in 100 ml normal saline administered over ten minutes, whereas Group 2 (n =
    59) received a bolus of esmolol 1.0 mg/kg diluted to 10 ml. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate were
    recorded every minute for subsequent 10 minutes following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Attenuation of the
    mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures following laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation was significantly larger
    in Group 2 compared to Group 1. Patients in Group 2 had significantly better suppression of heart rate response
    compared to Group 1 during the first four minutes after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate
  14. Lee CYZ, Chakranon P, Lee SWH
    Front Pharmacol, 2019;10:1221.
    PMID: 31708771 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01221
    Context: Several interventions are available for the management of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), but no studies have compared their relative efficacy in a single analysis. This study aims to compare and determine the effectiveness of available interventions for HIE using direct and indirect data. Methods: Large randomized trials were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, AMED, and Cochrane Library of Clinical Trials database from inception until June 30, 2018. Two independent reviewers extracted study data and performed quality assessment. Direct and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to obtained pooled results comparing the effectiveness of different therapies used in HIE on mortality, neurodevelopmental delay at 18 months, as well as adverse events. Their probability of having the highest efficacy and safety was estimated and ranked. The certainty of evidence for the primary outcomes of mortality and mortality or neurodevelopmental delay at 18 months was evaluated using GRADE criteria. Results: Fifteen studies comparing five interventions were included in the network meta-analysis. Whole body cooling [Odds ratio: 0.62 (95% credible interval: 0.46-0.83); 8 trials, high certainty of evidence] was the most effective treatment in reducing the risk of mortality, followed by selective head cooling (0.73; 0.48-1.11; 2 trials, moderate certainty of evidence) and use of magnesium sulfate (0.79; 0.20-3.06; 2 trials, low certainty of evidence). Whole body hypothermia (0.48; 0.33-0.71; 5 trials), selective head hypothermia (0.54; 0.32-0.89; 2 trials), and erythropoietin (0.36; 0.19-0.66; 2 trials) were more effective for reducing the risk of mortality and neurodevelopmental delay at 18 months (moderate to high certainty). Among neonates treated for HIE, the use of erythropoietin (0.36; 0.18-0.74, 2 trials) and whole body hypothermia (0.61; 0.45-0.83; 7 trials) were associated with lower rates of cerebral palsy. Similarly, there were lower rates of seizures among neonates treated with erythropoietin (0.35; 0.13-0.94; 1 trial) and whole body hypothermia (0.64; 0.46-0.87, 7 trials). Conclusion: The findings support current guidelines using therapeutic hypothermia in neonates with HIE. However, more trials are needed to determine the role of adjuvant therapy to hypothermia in reducing the risk of mortality and/or neurodevelopmental delay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate
  15. Britton S, Cheng Q, Sutherland CJ, McCarthy JS
    Malar J, 2015;14:335.
    PMID: 26315027 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0848-3
    To detect all malaria infections in elimination settings sensitive, high throughput and field deployable diagnostic tools are required. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) represents a possible field-applicable molecular diagnostic tool. However, current LAMP platforms are limited by their capacity for high throughput.
    Matched MeSH terms: Magnesium Sulfate
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