METHODS: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist, systematic literature searches were performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from the earliest date available to June 2023. Data from observational studies in English that described the association between CVD and PCS in adults (≥ 18 years old) were included. A minimum of two authors independently performed the screening, study selection, data extraction, data synthesis, and quality assessment (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). The protocol of this review was registered under PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023440834).
RESULTS: In total, 594 studies were screened after duplicates and non-original articles had been removed. Of the 11 included studies, CVD including hypertension (six studies), heart failure (three studies), and others (two studies) were significantly associated with PCS development with different factors considered. The included studies were of moderate to high methodological quality.
CONCLUSION: Our review highlighted that COVID-19 survivors with pre-existing CVD have a significantly greater risk of developing PCS symptomology than survivors without pre-existing CVD. As heart failure, hypertension and other CVD are associated with a higher risk of developing PCS, comprehensive screening and thorough examinations are essential to minimise the impact of PCS and improve patients' disease progression.
METHODS: Systematic searching was applied (by August 10, 2024) in databases of PubMed, Scopus, WoS, ScienceDirect, Embase, and the Google Scholar search engine. Selected investigations were imported to the EndNote Citation Management Software and duplicate papers were merged. Following consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria (during primary and secondary screening) relevant papers were selected and underwent validation. Finally, eligible papers were selected for data extraction and meta-analysis (CMA v.2). The I2 index was used for heterogeneity assessment, and the Random Effect Model was used for meta-analysis. The results were categorized based on hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, and study type, and meta-regression was also applied for sample size and year of paper publication.
RESULTS: In the review of 9 eligible studies, the global prevalence of anemia in anorexia nervosa patient was found to be 44.8% (95%CI:25.7-65.7). Also, this value was detected in 48% (95%CI:19.9-77.4) and 43.4% (95%CI:18.6-72) based on hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, respectively. Meta-regression analysis showed that following the increase in sample size and year of paper publication, the global prevalence of anemia in Anorexia nervosa patient decreased and increased, respectively.
CONCLUSION: A relatively high prevalence of anemia in individuals with anorexia nervosa requires proper attention to the regular blood monitoring and laboratory evaluations of the patients.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 12 private hospitals in Malaysia. A total of 652 (response rate = 61.8%) nurses participated in the study. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire on nurses' characteristic, adverse events and events reporting, and perceived patient safety.
RESULTS: Patient and family complaints events were the most common adverse events in Malaysian private hospitals as result of increased cost of care (3.24 ± 0.95) and verbal miscommunication (3.52 ± 0.87).
CONCLUSION: Hospital size, accreditation status, teaching status, and nurse ethnicity had a mixed effect on patient safety, perceived adverse events, and events reporting. Policy makers can benefit that errors are related to several human and system related factors. Several system reforms and multidisciplinary efforts were recommended for optimizing health, healthcare and preventing patient harm.