METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of early vs. late FGR, placental biomarkers and fetoplacental Dopplers on Maternal Vascular Malperfusion (MVM) which was the commonest placental abnormality identified.
RESULTS: There were 161 (53.5 %) early FGR and 140 (46.5 %) late FGR cases. MVM abnormalities were present in 154 (51.2 %), VUE in 45 (14.6 %), FVM in 16 (5.3 %), DVM in 14 (4.7 %) and CHI in 4 (1.3 %) cases. The odds of MVM were higher in early compared to late FGR cohort (OR 1.89, 95%CI 1.14, 3.14, p = 0.01). Low maternal PlGF levels <100 ng/L (OR 2.34, 95%CI 1.27,4.31, p = 0.01), high sFlt-1 level (OR 2.13, 95%CI 1.35, 3.36, p = 0.001) or elevated sFlt-1/PlGF ratio (OR 3.48, 95%CI 1.36, 8.91, p = 0.01) were all associated with MVM. Increased UA PI > 95th centile (OR 2.91, 95%CI 1.71, 4.95, p=<0.001) and mean UtA PI z-score (OR 1.74, 95%CI 1.15, 2.64, p = 0.01) were associated with higher odds of MVM. Rates of severe non-neurological morbidity were highest in the MVM, FVM, and CHI cohorts (44.8 %, 50 %, and 50 % respectively).
CONCLUSION: MVM was the commonest placental abnormality in FGR, particularly in early-onset disease. Low maternal PlGF levels, high sFlt-1 levels, elevated sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, and abnormal fetoplacental Dopplers were also significantly associated with MVM. MVM, FVM, and CHI abnormalities were associated with lower median birthweight, higher rates of preterm birth, operative birth for non-reassuring fetal status, and severe neonatal non-neurological morbidity.
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether a 1-time measurement of non-HDL-C or LDL-C in a young adult can predict cumulative exposure to these lipids during early adulthood, and to quantify the association between cumulative exposure to non-HDL-C or LDL-C during early adulthood and the risk of ASCVD after age 40 years.
METHODS: We included CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study) participants who were free of cardiovascular disease before age 40 years, were not taking lipid-lowering medications, and had ≥3 measurements of LDL-C and non-HDL-C before age 40 years. First, we assessed the ability of a 1-time measurement of LDL-C or non-HDL-C obtained between age 18 and 30 years to predict the quartile of cumulative lipid exposure from ages 18 to 40 years. Second, we assessed the associations between quartiles of cumulative lipid exposure from ages 18 to 40 years with ASCVD events (fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke) after age 40 years.
RESULTS: Of 4,104 CARDIA participants who had multiple lipid measurements before and after age 30 years, 3,995 participants met our inclusion criteria and were in the final analysis set. A 1-time measure of non-HDL-C and LDL-C had excellent discrimination for predicting membership in the top or bottom quartiles of cumulative exposure (AUC: 0.93 for the 4 models). The absolute values of non-HDL-C and LDL-C that predicted membership in the top quartiles with the highest simultaneous sensitivity and specificity (highest Youden's Index) were >135 mg/dL for non-HDL-C and >118 mg/dL for LDL-C; the values that predicted membership in the bottom quartiles were <107 mg/dL for non-HDL-C and <96 mg/dL for LDL-C. Individuals in the top quartile of non-HDL-C and LDL-C exposure had demographic-adjusted HRs of 4.6 (95% CI: 2.84-7.29) and 4.0 (95% CI: 2.50-6.33) for ASCVD events after age 40 years, respectively, when compared with each bottom quartile.
CONCLUSIONS: Single measures of non-HDL-C and LDL-C obtained between ages 18 and 30 years are highly predictive of cumulative exposure before age 40 years, which in turn strongly predicts later-life ASCVD events.
METHODS: A total of 585 and 262 adolescents participated in the baseline PUTRA-Adol study in 2016 and PUTRA-Adol follow-up study in 2019-2020, respectively. These adolescents were recruited from three southern states in peninsular Malaysia, namely Negeri Sembilan, Melaka and Johor. Dietary assessments were estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) while a Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS) was used to measure life satisfaction at baseline in 2016 as well as at follow-up in 2019-2020. A DP characterised by foods high in free sugar and energy dense was identified using reduced rank regression (RRR), cross-sectionally at baseline and was reported elsewhere. Similar RRR analysis was used to find a DP that best explained the variation in response variables linked to poorer life satisfaction, including dietary energy density (DED), fiber density, and percentage of energy from total fat and sugar at the PUTRA-Adol follow-up study. Prospective relationship between adherence to the identified DPs and overall life satisfaction scores as well as its domains between 2016 and 2019-2020 were evaluated using generalized estimating equation models (GEE).
RESULTS: A DP characterized by high intakes of percentage energy from sugar, fibre and low in DED and percentage energy from total fat was identified at the 2019-2020 follow-up. The identified DP explained 11% of total variations in the response variables and was characterized by high intakes of sweets, sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) and fruits. Female adolescents [67.6(8.9)] had a mean (SD) of life satisfaction that was higher than male adolescents [67.5(10.8)] p
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study, reviewing medical records of patients treated for mangrove pit viper bites between 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2023. Data on patient demographics, clinical characteristic, laboratory findings, treatment modalities and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 25 patients were included in this study. The majority of the patients were male (n=23, 92%) with the mean age of 38.7±17.6 years. Most frequent anatomical region involved is foot (n=12, 48%). Common clinical presentation included localized pain (n=xx, 96%), swelling (n=22, 88%) and fang mark (n=22, 88%). Systemic symptoms were less common, with 1 patient exhibit coagulopathy with clinical bleeding at 28 hours post bite. Antivenom was administered to 68% (n=17) of the patients. The majority of the patients (n=23, 92%) recovered without significant morbidity while 8% (n=2) of the patients developed skin infection that required antibiotic therapy. No fatalities were reported.
CONCLUSION: Mangrove pit viper envenomation encounter in these regions predominantly causes local symptoms while systemic symptoms were less common. This study provides a glimpse to the clinical characteristics and management of mangrove pit viper envenomation, coagulopathy may be delayed due to characteristic of the snake venom and patient's preexisting illness. Further research is needed to enhance our understanding of this snakebite envenomation.
PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE: Participants in this study are employees in Indonesia who have been bullied while they were on the job. Researchers utilized a non-probability sampling technique using a purposive sampling strategy. The number of samples used in this study was 400 respondents. This research used a technique called purposive sampling, which involved collecting data from a total of 400 different respondents. Quantitative methods are utilized in the processing of the data.
RESULTS: The findings of this study come as a surprise due to the fact that they contradict the findings of earlier studies, which found that harassed employees do not have a direct impact on the job satisfaction and motivation of their coworkers.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this research provide both an academic and a practical perspective that can be used to assist organizations in eliminating bullying issues. This research has implications that regardless of the results of this study, bullying must become a company concern to make strict rules for bullies and education about bullying for all employees.
METHODS: In total, 150 3D CBCT scans of study subjects having class 1, class 2, and class 3 malocclusions have been analyzed retrospectively for the estimation of volume of mastoid air cells by Dolphin imaging software V11.9, and measurement data of volumes have been recorded and analyzed using SPSS software 24.v.
RESULTS: The volume of mastoid air cells was highest in age group of 14-28 years which was statistically not significant (P value >.05). The volume of mastoid air cells in the right side of cranium is greater than mastoid air cells in the left side. The mastoid air cell volume was higher in males than females. The volume of mastoid air cells (right side) was highest in class II malocclusion (2404.53 ± 1737.50 mm3) followed by class III and was least in class I malocclusion (1842.09 ± 1263.78 mm3). However, the volume of mastoid air cells in the left side was highest in class III malocclusion (2368.03 ± 1853.00 mm3) followed by class II and was least in class I (1920.52 ± 1285.34 mm3).
CONCLUSIONS: The volume of mastoid air cells varies in different class of orthodontic malocclusions. The mastoid air cells volume is higher in males than females. On the basis of mastoid air cells volume, we are able to predict the age, sex, and class of orthodontic malocclusion.
METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, from September 2010 to April 2012. Periodontal chips were formulated using S. persica, benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) and chitosan extracts. All patients were treated with full mouth scaling and root planing at baseline. Thereafter, the periodontal pockets (≥5 mm in length) were divided into 4 groups: the control group; group 2 (plain chitosan chip); group 3 (S. persica extract); and group 4 (BITC extract). Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels were recorded at days 0 and 60 only.
RESULTS: A total of 12 patients participated in this study. Overall, 240 periodontal pockets were evaluated. The study revealed significant improvements in PI, BOP and reduction in periodontal pocket depth in all 4 groups (P <0.05). The improvement in clinical attachment level was significantly higher (P <0.001) among the group that received S. persica chips compared to the control and other chip-treated groups.
CONCLUSION: Periodontal chips containing S. persica can be used as adjuncts to treat patients with periodontitis.