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Untargeted metabolomics study of mature human milk from women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus

Yao D 1 , Shen C 2 , Zhang X 2 , Tang J 1 , Yu J 1 , Tu M 1 Show all authors , Panpipat W 3 , Chaijan M 3 , Zhang H 4 , Xu X 4 , Liu Y 1 , Cheong LZ 2

Affiliations 

  • 1 Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
  • 2 School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia
  • 3 School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, 80161, 222 Thaiburi, Thasala District, Nakhonsrithammarat, Thailand
  • 4 Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research and Development Center Co Ltd., No.118 Gaodong Rd., Pudong New District, Shanghai 200137, China
Food Chem, 2024 Dec 01;460(Pt 3):140663.
PMID: 39142199 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140663

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder during pregnancy that alters the metabolites in human milk. Integrated Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) were employed for comprehensive identification and comparison of metabolites in mature human milk (MHM) from women with and without GDM. A total of 268 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified. Among these, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, 9R-HODE and L-glutamic acid were significantly elevated and 12,13-DHOME was significantly decreased in MHM of women with GDM. These metabolites are significantly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, galactose metabolism and ABC transporters pathways. Disorders in these metabolic pathways are associated with insulin resistance and poor glucose metabolism indicating these conditions may persist postpartum.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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