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A Novel Coated Suture Displays Antimicrobial Activity Without Compromising Structural Properties

Daood U 1 , Ilyas MS 2 , Ashraf M 3 , Akbar M 3 , Asif A 4 , Khan AS 5 Show all authors , Sidhu P 6 , Sheikh Z 7 , Davamani F 8 , Matinlinna J 9 , Peters OA 10 , Yiu C 11

Affiliations 

  • 1 Associate Professor, Head of Restorative Division, Division of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: umerdaood@imu.edu.my
  • 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan; Associate Professor, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
  • 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan; Professor, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
  • 4 Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan; Assistant Professor, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
  • 5 Professor, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  • 6 Senior Lecturer, Head of Restorative Division, Division of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 7 Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Applied Oral Sciences & Dental Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
  • 8 Associate Professor, Division of Human Biology, Faculty of Biomedical Science, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Professor, Applied Dental Sciences, Division of Human Biology, Dental Materials Science, Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
  • 9 Professor, Applied Dental Sciences, University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Manchester, United Kingdom; Professor, Program Convenor, Department of Endodontics, Arthur A Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco
  • 10 Professor, Program Convenor, Department of Endodontics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 11 Professor, Head of Paediatric Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Division, Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2024 Sep;82(9):1147-1162.
PMID: 38830601 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2024.05.004

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Treated or coated sutures promise to prevent contamination of wounds.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to coat surgical sutures with a new quaternary ammonium silane (QAS) antimicrobial compound at two different application temperatures and then to evaluate the resulting structural, physical, mechanical, and biological properties.

STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted using male albino Wistar rats approved by the Joint Ethical Committee of IMU and Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Only suture samples, coated uniformly with verified presence of the compound and of adequate length were used. Samples which were not coated uniformly and with inadequate length or damaged were excluded.

PREDICTOR VARIABLE: Predictor variables were sutures with and without QAS coatings and different temperatures. Sutures were coated with QAS at 0.5 and 1.0% wt/vol using the dip coating technique and sutures with and without QAS coating were tested at 25 and 40 °C temperatures.

MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE(S): Outcome variables of structural and physico-mechanical properties of QAS-coated and non-coated sutures were measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (for structural changes), confocal laser and scanning electron (for diameter changes), and tensile strength/modulus (for mechanical testing). Biologic outcome variables were tested (bacterial viability); macrophage cultures from Wistar rats were tested (M1/M2 polarization detecting IL-6 and IL-10). Macrophage cells were analyzed with CD80+ (M1) and CD163+ (M2). Chemotaxis index was calculated as a ratio of quantitative fluorescence of cells.

COVARIATES: Not applicable.

ANALYSES: Ordinal data among groups were compared using the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test along with the comparison of histological analysis using the Wilcoxon Sign-rank test (P 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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