Mechanical, antibacterial, and biocompatibility mechanism of PVD grown silver-tantalum-oxide-based nanostructured thin film on stainless steel 316L for surgical applications

Alias R 1 , Mahmoodian R 2 , Genasan K 3 , Vellasamy KM 4 , Hamdi Abd Shukor M 5 , Kamarul T 3

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Innovative Design & Technology, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Electronic address: rodianahalias@unisza.edu.my
  • 2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Research and Development, Azarin Kar Ind. Co., Industrial Park 1, Kerman, Iran. Electronic address: mahmoodian.reza@usm.my
  • 3 Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 5 Chancellery Office, The National University of Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre of Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing (AMMP), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2020 Feb;107:110304.
PMID: 31761210 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110304

Abstract

Surgical site infection associated with surgical instruments has always been a factor in delaying post-operative recovery of patients. The evolution in surface modification of surgical instruments can be a potential choice to overcome the nosocomial infection mainly caused by bacterial populations such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. A study was, therefore, conducted characterising the morphology, hydrophobicity, adhesion strength, phase, Nano-hardness, surface chemistry, antimicrobial and biocompatibility of SS 316L steel deposited with a Nano-composite layer of Silver (Ag) and Tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) using physical vapour deposition magnetron sputtering. The adhesion strength of Ag/AgTa2O5 coating on SS 316L and treated at 250-850 °C of thermal treatment was evaluated using micro-scratch. The Ag/Ag-Ta2O5-400 °C was shown a 154% improvement in adhesion strength on SS 316L when compared with as-sputtered layer or Ag/Ag-Ta2O5-250, 550, 700 and 850 °C. The FESEM, XPS, and XRD indicated the segregation of Ag on the surface of SS 316L after the crystallization. Wettability and Nano-indentation tests demonstrated an increase in hydrophobicity (77.3 ± 0.3°) and Nano-hardness (1.12 ± 0.43 GPa) when compared with as-sputtered layer, after the 400 °C of thermal treatment. The antibacterial performance on Ag/Ag-Ta2O5-400 °C indicated a significant zone of inhibition to Staphylococcus aureus (A-axis: 16.33 ± 0.58 mm; B-axis: 25.67 ± 0.58 mm, p 

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