Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 45 in total

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  1. Fulltext A 5-year survey of oral and maxillofacial biopsies in Hospital Kota Bharu and Universti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan: 1994-1998
    Ghazali, N., Zain, R.B., Samsudin, A.R., Abdul Rahman, R., Othman, N.H.
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2007;28(2):83-91.
    MyJurnal
    A review of incident oral and maxillofacial biopsies in Kelantan from January 1994 to December 1998 was carried out to evaluate the scope of pathological lesions managed by the two main oral and maxillofacial units in this state. A total of 357 biopsy reports from incident cases of pathological lesions were reviewed. The biopsies were mainly from intra-oral sites (n=326, 91.3%). Females had more frequent oro-facial lesions compared with males (male:female ratio is 0.8:1). The Bumiputera ethnic group had the most number of biopsies (n=321; 90%). The three most commonly observed histopathological groups were the connective tissue hyperplasia (n=90; 25.2%), epithelial dysplasia and neoplasia (n=68; 19%) and salivary gland cysts/mucocele (n=56; 15.7%). The top five most frequent diagnoses were mucocele (n=56; 15.7%), squamous cell carcinoma (n=45; 12.6%), epulides (n=31; 8.7%), pyogenic granuloma (n=25; 7.0%) and fibroepithelial polyp (n=19; 5.3%). Oro-facial malignancies made up almost one-fifth of all diagnoses and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common sub-type. Lymphomas in the oro-facial region (n=8; 11.4%) were more common than basal cell carcinoma (n=7; 10%) and salivary gland malignancies (n=6; 8.5%). Epithelial jaw cysts consisted of 8.7% (n=31) of all diagnoses, where inflammatory types were more common than the developmental types. Odontogenic tumours consisted of 5.6% (n=20) of all diagnoses and ameloblastoma was the predominant type.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands
  2. Fulltext A novel technique for the management of blandin-nuhn mucocele: a case report
    Kumaresan R, Karthikeyan P, Mohammed F, Thapasum Fairozekhan A
    Int J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2013 Sep;6(3):201-4.
    PMID: 25206223 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1219
    Mucocele, a common benign cystic lesion of minor salivary gland and associated ducts develops following extravasation or retention of mucous material in the subepithelial tissue. Occurrence of mucocele of tongue is considered less frequent when compared to a higher incidence of mucocele in the lower lip of young patients. Different modalities of treatment, such as conventional surgical excision followed by newer techniques like cryosurgery, electrocautery have been proposed to completely remove the lesion and reduce the chances of recurrence. Herewith, we report a novel treatment technique using alginate impression material to aid in complete excision of mucocele of glands of Blandin-Nuhn. How to cite this article: Kumaresan R, Karthikeyan P, Mohammed F, Fairozekhan TA. A Novel Technique for the Management of Blandin-Nuhn Mucocele: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(3):201-204.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands, Minor
  3. Fulltext A retrospective clinico-statistical analysis of lip mucoceles occurrence in children below 16 years seen at a government hospital based paediatric dental clinic
    Sockalingam, G.
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2007;28(1):41-44.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this study is to report the occurrence, demographic and clinical findings of lip mucoceles in children. A restrospective study was conducted at the paediatric dental clinic situated at Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru. The period of study was 3 years beginning 2003 to 2005. Out of 1407 new cases seen over the period of study 17 (1.2%) patients presented with lip mucoceles. All lesions occurred in the lower lip. There was no sex or racial predilection. The average duration of the lesion prior to seeking treatment was 2.8 ± 2.8 months. Most patients (76.5%) first saw a medical practitioner for the problem. No spontaneous resolution of the lesions in any of the patients was noted. The preferred method of treatment of lower lip mucoceles in children is surgical excision of the involved minor salivary glands. Salivary gland mucoceles in children predominantly involve the lower lip and can be treated successfully by complete removal of the involved and associated minor salivary glands.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands, Minor
  4. Fulltext Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Nasopharynx: A Case Series
    Ng BHK, Tang IP
    Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2019 Oct;71(Suppl 1):731-733.
    PMID: 31742052 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-018-1523-0
    Adenoid cystic carcinomas are tumors that are more commonly seen in the salivary glands than in the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinomas are rare and cases that are reported in the literatures are few. Treatment is mainly by surgical resection. Here, we report 2 cases of nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands
  5. Fulltext Adenoid cystic carcinoma – a case report and review of literature
    Kanneppady, Sham Kishor, Sakri, Santosh B., Chatra, Laxmikanth, Prashanth, Shenoy K.
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2010;31(2):79-83.
    MyJurnal
    Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor that arises within secretary glands, most commonly the major and minor salivary glands. It has a tendency for a prolonged clinical course, perineural invasion, with local recurrences and distant metastases. The three recognized histopathologic pattern of ACC are cribriform, tubular, and solid with the cribriform being most common. Standard treatment for salivary gland ACC is surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. We report a case of ACC of palate in a 30-year-old female and review the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands, Minor
  6. Fulltext Cases of mucocele treated in the Dental Department of Penang Hospital
    Rashid, A.K., Anwar, N., Azizah, A.M., Narayan, K.A.
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2008;3(1):7-10.
    MyJurnal
    A mucous cyst is a benign, self limiting mucous containing cyst of the salivary glands commonly occuring in the oral cavity. Mucocele may develop following the obstruction of the salivary flow from secretory apparatus of the salivary gland. Mucoceles commonly occur on the lower lip but may occur in other locations too. The objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with mucocele in patients attending the dental clinic of Penang Hospital from January 2000 to December 2005. This is a retrospective record review analysis of all the total 35 cases treated during this period, comprising of 20 males (57.1%) and 15 females (42.9%) with Malays as the largest group of patients treated and, mainly students had seek treatment. Mucocele was frequently treated in patients aged 21 to 24 year old. The site of the mucocele was the lower lip and all of the cases were treated surgically. The size of the mucocele ranged from 0.5 to 5 centimetres with 1.0 cm as the most common size. Most of the patients gave a history of spontaneous development (71.4%), followed by lip biting (25.7%) and trauma (2.9%). Lip biting was more common among students (55.6%) as compared to others. There were only two recorded cases of recurrence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands
  7. Characterization of IgE-binding proteins in the salivary glands of Simulium nigrogilvum (Diptera: Simuliidae)
    Hempolchom C, Sookrung N, Srisuka W, Reamtong O, Sakolvaree Y, Chaicumpa W, et al.
    Parasitol Res, 2019 Aug;118(8):2353-2359.
    PMID: 31263951 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06383-x
    Simulium dermatitis is an IgE-mediated skin reaction in animals and humans caused by the bites of black flies. Although Simulium nigrogilvum has been incriminated as the main human-biting black fly species in Thailand, information on its salivary allergens is lacking. Salivary gland extract of S. nigrogilvum females was subjected to sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the separated components were applied onto nitrocellulose membranes for immunoblotting, which was performed by probing the protein blots with sera from 17 individuals who were allergic to the bites of S. nigrogilvum. IgE-reactive protein bands were characterized further by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Nine protein bands (79, 42, 32, 25, 24, 22, 15, 13, and 11 kDa) were recognized in the serum of the subjects. Four of the nine protein bands (32, 24, 15, and 11 kDa) showed IgE reactivity in all (100%) of the tested sera, and they were identified as salivary secreted antigen 5-related protein, salivary serine protease, erythema protein, and hypothetical secreted protein, respectively. Three other proteins, salivary serine protease (25 kDa), salivary D7 secreted protein (22 kDa), and hypothetical protein (13 kDa), reacted with > 50% of the sera. The relevance of the identified protein bands as allergens needs to be confirmed by using pure recombinant proteins, either in the in vivo skin prick test or in vitro detection of the specific IgE in the serum samples of allergic subjects. This will be useful for the rational design of component-resolved diagnosis and allergen immunotherapy for the allergy mediated by the bites of black flies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/immunology; Salivary Glands/chemistry*
  8. Chikungunya Virus Infection of Aedes Mosquitoes
    Wong HV, Chan YF, Sam IC, Sulaiman WY, Vythilingam I
    Methods Mol Biol, 2016;1426:119-28.
    PMID: 27233266 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3618-2_11
    In vivo infection of mosquitoes is an important method to study and characterize arthropod-borne viruses. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that is transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes. In this chapter, we describe a protocol for infection of CHIKV in two species of Aedes mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, together with the isolation of CHIKV in different parts of the infected mosquito such as midgut, legs, wings, salivary gland, head, and saliva. This allows the study of viral infection, replication and dissemination within the mosquito vector.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/virology
  9. Fulltext Chimeric Plasmodium falciparum parasites expressing Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein fail to produce salivary gland sporozoites
    Marin-Mogollon C, van Pul FJA, Miyazaki S, Imai T, Ramesar J, Salman AM, et al.
    Malar J, 2018 Aug 09;17(1):288.
    PMID: 30092798 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2431-1
    BACKGROUND: Rodent malaria parasites where the gene encoding circumsporozoite protein (CSP) has been replaced with csp genes from the human malaria parasites, Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax, are used as pre-clinical tools to evaluate CSP vaccines in vivo. These chimeric rodent parasites produce sporozoites in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes that are capable of infecting rodent and human hepatocytes. The availability of chimeric P. falciparum parasites where the pfcsp gene has been replaced by the pvcsp would open up possibilities to test P. vivax CSP vaccines in small scale clinical trials using controlled human malaria infection studies.

    METHODS: Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing two chimeric P. falciparum parasites, were generated, where the pfcsp gene has been replaced by either one of the two major pvcsp alleles, VK210 or VK247. In addition, a P. falciparum parasite line that lacks CSP expression was also generated. These parasite lines have been analysed for sporozoite production in An. stephensi mosquitoes.

    RESULTS: The two chimeric Pf-PvCSP lines exhibit normal asexual and sexual blood stage development in vitro and produce sporozoite-containing oocysts in An. stephensi mosquitoes. Expression of the corresponding PvCSP was confirmed in oocyst-derived Pf-PvCSP sporozoites. However, most oocysts degenerate before sporozoite formation and sporozoites were not found in either the mosquito haemocoel or salivary glands. Unlike the chimeric Pf-PvCSP parasites, oocysts of P. falciparum parasites lacking CSP expression do not produce sporozoites.

    CONCLUSIONS: Chimeric P. falciparum parasites expressing P. vivax circumsporozoite protein fail to produce salivary gland sporozoites. Combined, these studies show that while PvCSP can partially complement the function of PfCSP, species-specific features of CSP govern full sporozoite maturation and development in the two human malaria parasites.

    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/parasitology
  10. Fulltext Clinical applications of salivary cortisol measurements
    Lo MS, Ng ML, Azmy BS, Khalid BA
    Singapore Med J, 1992 Apr;33(2):170-3.
    PMID: 1621122
    The clinical applications of salivary cortisol measurements were evaluated by radioimmunoassay of time-matched saliva and plasma samples. Salivary cortisol levels of normal subjects exhibited a significant (p less than 0.001) diurnal variation with a mean (+/- SD) concentration of 8.7 +/- 4.8 nmol/L at 0800-1000 h and 2.4 +/- 1.1 nmol/l at 1500-1700 h. After an overnight dexamethasone suppression test, morning salivary cortisol levels decrease to 2.7 +/- 0.7 nmol/L (p less than 0.001 vs normal). An excellent correlation (r = 0.805) of cortisol measurements with time-matched saliva and plasma samples was obtained (y = 0.03x + 0.88, p less than 0.001, n = 91). Hypercortisolism was confirmed by raised salivary cortisols in only half of patients with elevated total plasma levels, thereby indicating that salivary cortisol measurements is a better index of adrenal status.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/secretion
  11. Fulltext Conservative Management of Dental Erosion in Adolescents with Medical Conditions
    Mohd Nor H, Harun NA
    Case Rep Dent, 2018;2018:3230983.
    PMID: 30647975 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3230983
    The prevalence of dental erosion among children and adolescents is trending higher in recent decades and is becoming a major concern. Dental erosion can be caused by either extrinsic or intrinsic acids or both. One of the established aetiological factors for dental erosion by intrinsic acid is the gastrooesophageal reflux disease. The degree of dental erosions may be influenced by any medical conditions that cause a reduction in salivary flow such as the salivary gland excision, autoimmune disease, radiation to the head and neck regions, and medications. If left untreated, the dental erosion can cause dentine hypersensitivity, loss of occlusal vertical height, and aesthetic problems. For effective management of dental erosion, the aetiology of each case must be determined, and its detection at an early stage is of prime importance. This case report illustrates the conservative management of dental erosion in two adolescent patients presented with their medical conditions and behaviour issues. The aim of the treatments was to preserve the vitality of the affected teeth. The treatments were successfully completed using a conservative approach, with the patients' medical conditions taken into consideration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands
  12. Fulltext De novo transcriptome analysis shows differential expression of genes in salivary glands of edible bird's nest producing swiftlets
    Looi QH, Amin H, Aini I, Zuki M, Omar AR
    BMC Genomics, 2017 07 03;18(1):504.
    PMID: 28673247 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3861-9
    BACKGROUND: Edible bird's nest (EBN), produced from solidified saliva secretions of specific swiftlet species during the breeding season, is one of the most valuable animal by-products in the world. The composition and medicinal benefits of EBN have been extensively studied, however, genomic and transcriptomic studies of the salivary glands of these birds have not been conducted.

    RESULTS: The study described the transcriptomes of salivary glands from three swiftlet species (28 samples) generated by RNASeq. A total of 14,835 annotated genes and 428 unmapped genes were cataloged. The current study investigated the genes and pathways that are associated with the development of salivary gland and EBN composition. Differential expression and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the expression of CREB3L2 and several signaling pathways involved in salivary gland development, namely, the EGFR, BMP, and MAPK signaling pathways, were up-regulated in swiftlets producing white EBN (Aerodramus fuciphagus) and black EBN (Aerodramus maximus) compared with non-EBN-producing swiftlets (Apus affinis). Furthermore, MGAT, an essential gene for the biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid), was highly expressed in both white- and black-nest swiftlets compared to non-EBN-producing swiftlets. Interspecies comparison between Aerodramus fuciphagus and Aerodramus maximus indicated that the genes involved in N-acetylneuraminic and fatty acid synthesis were up-regulated in Aerodramus fuciphagus, while alanine and aspartate synthesis pathways were up-regulated in Aerodramus maximus. Furthermore, gender-based analysis revealed that N-glycan trimming pathway was significantly up-regulated in male Aerodramus fuciphagus from its natural habitat (cave) compared to their female counterpart.

    CONCLUSIONS: Transcriptomic analysis of salivary glands of different swiftlet species reveal differential expressions of candidate genes that are involved in salivary gland development and in the biosynthesis of various bioactive compounds found in EBN.

    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/metabolism*
  13. Detection of human herpesvirus 7 in salivary glands
    Yadav M, Nambiar S, Khoo SP, Yaacob HB
    Arch Oral Biol, 1997 Aug;42(8):559-67.
    PMID: 9347118
    The prevalence and cellular distribution of human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) in archival labial salivary glands was analysed for virus-specific DNA sequences by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization signals. In addition, the cellular expression of HHV-7-encoded protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining with a virus-specific monoclonal antibody. Eleven of 20 samples were positive for the HHV-7 DNA sequence by PCR. Eighteen of 20 tissues analysed by in situ hybridization showed signals in ductal, serous and mucous cells. Some nuclei of these cells and also the myoepithelial population were positive. In immunolocalization studies, all 20 salivary glands consistently showed HHV-7-expressed protein in the cytoplasm of ductal cuboidal and columnar cells. The protein was also found in the cytoplasm of mucous and serous acinar cells that were immunopositive for HHV-7. The observations are consistent with the suggestion that the labial salivary gland is a site for virus replication, potential persistence and a source of infective HHV-7 in saliva.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/cytology; Salivary Glands/virology*
  14. Evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology of salivary glands: an analysis of 141 cases
    Jayaram G, Dashini M
    Malays J Pathol, 2001 Dec;23(2):93-100.
    PMID: 12166598
    141 salivary gland lesions that were subjected to fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, from January 1993 to October 2000 were reviewed with a view to assess the sensitivity and utility of cytological diagnosis in diseases of salivary glands. The highest number of cases was seen in the sixth decade of life. There was no gender preponderance in salivary gland neoplasms except in Warthin's tumours that occurred predominantly in males. The parotid gland was the most frequent salivary gland needled. Seven cases (5%) presented with bilateral salivary gland enlargement. Cytological study yielded a neoplastic diagnosis in 74.5% cases. Of the neoplastic lesions, 71.4% could be definitely designated as benign and 25.7% as clearly malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma and acinic cell carcinoma were the most common benign and malignant neoplasms diagnosed respectively. 53 cases had histological correlation; of these, 49 (92.5%) were neoplastic. The overall diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytological diagnosis in salivary gland lesions was found to be 73.6%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/pathology*
  15. Evaluation of irradiated salivary gland function in patients with head and neck tumours treated with radiotherapy
    Baharudin A, Khairuddin A, Nizam A, Samsuddin AR
    J Laryngol Otol, 2009 Jan;123(1):108-13.
    PMID: 18452635 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215108002466
    Radiotherapy is an important treatment modality for head and neck tumours. One of its major drawbacks is post-treatment salivary gland hypofunction. This study was performed to objectively evaluate the salivary gland function in post-irradiated head and neck tumour patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands/radiation effects*; Salivary Glands/secretion
  16. Fulltext Facial nerve palsy by nasal tumour--a case report
    Khanijow VK
    Med J Malaysia, 1991 Sep;46(3):259-61.
    PMID: 1667539
    A case of an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the minor salivary glands of then nasal cavity is reported. The tumour had spread locally and by perineural spread to the internal auditory mentus, causing facial nerve palsy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands, Minor
  17. Genetic diversity of zoonotic malaria parasites from mosquito vector and vertebrate hosts
    Wong ML, Ahmed MA, Sulaiman WYW, Manin BO, Leong CS, Quan FS, et al.
    Infect Genet Evol, 2019 09;73:26-32.
    PMID: 30999059 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.04.010
    We explored and constructed haplotype network for simian malaria species: Plasmodium knowlesi, P. cynomolgi and P. inui aiming to understand the transmission dynamics between mosquitoes, humans and macaques. Mosquitoes were collected from villages in an area where zoonotic malaria is prevalent. PCR analysis confirmed Anopheles balabacensis as the main vector for macaque parasites, moreover nearly 60% of the mosquitoes harboured more than one Plasmodium species. Fragments of the A-type small subunit ribosomal RNA (SS rRNA) amplified from salivary gland sporozoites, and equivalent sequences obtained from GenBank were used to construct haplotype networks. The patterns were consistent with the presence of geographically distinct populations for P. inui and P. cynomolgi, and with three discrete P. knowlesi populations. This study provides a preliminary snapshot of the structure of these populations, that was insufficient to answer our aim. Thus, collection of parasites from their various hosts and over time, associated with a systematic analysis of a set of genetical loci is strongly advocated in order to obtain a clear picture of the parasite population and the flow between different hosts. This is important to devise measures that will minimise the risk of transmission to humans, because zoonotic malaria impedes malaria elimination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands
  18. Fulltext Giant Submandibular Calculus Eroding Oral Cavity Mucosa
    Lim EH, Nadarajah S, Mohamad I
    Oman Med J, 2017 Sep;32(5):432-435.
    PMID: 29026477 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2017.81
    Sialolithiasis is the formation of calculi or sialoliths in the salivary gland. It is the most common benign condition of the salivary gland. Sialolithiasis can occur in all salivary glands. The submandibular gland is most commonly affected followed by the parotid gland. Calculi commonly measure less than 10 mm. Calculi of more than 15 mm are termed giant salivary gland calculi and are infrequently reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of unusually large submandibular gland calculus of 5 cm in greatest dimension which caused erosion of the oral cavity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands
  19. Glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma in the tongue
    Rajab E, Akmal SN, Nasir AM
    J Laryngol Otol, 1994 Aug;108(8):716-8.
    PMID: 7930932
    The case of a minor salivary gland tumour, arising from the tongue, with nodal metastasis is presented. Biopsy of the tumour and fine-needle aspiration cytology of the neck swelling showed the presence of a clear cell carcinoma with evidence of nodal metastases. A commando operation was performed and the defect was reconstructed using a local tongue flap. The literature review indicated that the neoplasm was rare and its site of occurrence rather unusual.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands, Minor/pathology
  20. Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma of minor salivary gland: case report
    Manoharan M, Othman NH, Samsudin AR
    Braz Dent J, 2002;13(1):66-9.
    PMID: 11870967
    Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma is a low-grade neoplasm of the minor salivary gland composed exclusively of epithelial cells and not myoepithelial cells. It predominantly affects the oral cavity of adult females. It is microscopically characterized by hyalinizing stroma and clear cells, which are typically positive for cytokeratin markers and negative for S 100 and smooth muscle actin (SMA). Cystic degeneration can also be present. Pathologists should be aware of this new entity so as not to misdiagnose otherwise. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of its kind from Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salivary Glands, Minor/pathology*
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