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Crosstalk relationship between adiponectin receptors, PPAR-γ and α-adrenoceptors in renal vasculature of diabetic WKYs

Afzal S, Sattar MA, Eseyin OA, Attiq A, Johns EJ

Eur J Pharmacol, 2022 Feb 15;917:174703.
PMID: 34973951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174703

Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with renal dysfunctions. Irbesartan and pioglitazone activate Peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptor (PPAR-γ) as partial and full agonists. We investigated a crosstalk interaction and synergistic action between adiponectin receptors, PPAR-γ agonists in attenuating renal hemodynamics to adrenergic agonists in diabetic Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes, whereas, pioglitazone (10 mg/kg/day), irbesartan (30 mg/kg/day) administered orally for 28 days and adiponectin intraperitoneally (2.5 μg/kg/day) for last 7 days. Metabolic and plasma samples were analyzed on days 0, 8, 21, and 28. During the acute study (day 29), renal vasoconstrictor actions to adrenergic agonists and angiotensin-II were determined. Diabetic WKYs had lower plasma adiponectin, higher creatinine clearance, urinary and fractional sodium excretion but were normalized to a greater extent in pioglitazone and adiponectin combined treatment. Responses to intra-renal administration of adrenergic agonists including noradrenaline (NA), phenylephrine (PE), methoxamine (ME), and angiotensin-II (ANG-II) were larger in diabetic WKY, but significantly blunted with adiponectin treatment in diabetic WKYs to 35-40%, and further reduced by 65-70% in combination with pioglitazone. Attenuation to ANG-II responses in adiponectin and combination with irbesartan was 30-35% and 75-80%, respectively (P

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Fulltext Adrenoceptor study of guinea-pig superior mesenteric--portal vein

Muir CK, Lim YM

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Jun;34(4):387-90.
PMID: 7219269

The effects of phentolamine and propranolol on contractural responses of guinea-pig superior mesenteric-portal vein to adrenaline and isoprenaline were investigated. Phentolamine was capable of completely abolishing the response to adrenaline and to isoprenaline while propranolol had no effect on responses to either agonist. It is suggested that Alpha receptors are the only type of adrenoceptor involved in adrenergic control of contraction of this vein and that isoprenaline is capable of stimulating these receptors.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Apocynum venetum leaf extract, an antihypertensive herb, inhibits rat aortic contraction induced by angiotensin II: a nitric oxide and superoxide connection

Lau YS, Kwan CY, Ku TC, Hsieh WT, Wang HD, Nishibe S, et al.

J Ethnopharmacol, 2012 Sep 28;143(2):565-71.
PMID: 22835814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.012

The leaves extract of Apocynum venetum (AVLE), also known as "luobuma", have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat hypertension and depression in parts of China and it has been shown to possess anti-oxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation effects. AVLE (10 μg/ml) has been reported to have a long-lasting endothelium-dependent relaxant effect and this effect has been proposed to be due to its nitric oxide(NO)-releasing and superoxide anion(SOA)-scavenging properties.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects*
Fulltext Influence of combined hypertension and renal failure on functional alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes in the rat kidney

Hye Khan MA, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Johns EJ

Br J Pharmacol, 2008 Mar;153(6):1232-41.
PMID: 18246093 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.13

This study investigated whether the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor responsiveness of the renal vasculature was altered in the state of hypertension combined with renal failure.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Fulltext "A Step and a Ceiling": mechanical properties of Ca2+ spark vasoregulation in resistance arteries by pressure-induced oxidative activation of PKG

Csato V, Kadir SZSA, Khavandi K, Bennett H, Sugden S, Gurney AM, et al.

Physiol Rep, 2019 Nov;7(22):e14260.
PMID: 31782255 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14260

We investigated the biomechanical relationship between intraluminal pressure within small mesenteric resistance arteries, oxidant activation of PKG, Ca2+ sparks, and BK channel vasoregulation. Mesenteric resistance arteries from wild type (WT) and genetically modified mice with PKG resistance to oxidative activation were studied using wire and pressure myography. Ca2+ sparks and Ca2+ transients within vascular smooth muscle cells of intact arteries were characterized using high-speed confocal microscopy of intact arteries. Arteries were studied under conditions of varying intraluminal pressure and oxidation. Intraluminal pressure specifically, rather than the generic stretch of the artery, was necessary to activate the oxidative pathway. We demonstrated a graded step activation profile for the generation of Ca2+ sparks and also a functional "ceiling" for this pressure --sensitive oxidative pathway. During steady state pressure - induced constriction, any additional Ca2+ sensitive-K+ channel functional availability was independent of oxidant activated PKG. There was an increase in the amplitude, but not the Area under the Curve (AUC) of the caffeine-induced Ca2+ transient in pressurized arteries from mice with oxidant-resistant PKG compared with wild type. Overall, we surmise that intraluminal pressure within resistance arteries controls Ca2+ spark vasoregulation through a tightly controlled pathway with a graded onset switch. The pathway, underpinned by oxidant activation of PKG, cannot be further boosted by additional pressure or oxidation once active. We propose that these restrictive characteristics of pressure-induced Ca2+ spark vasoregulation confer stability for the artery in order to provide a constant flow independent of additional pressure fluctuations or exogenous oxidants.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
The effects of heated vegetable oils on blood pressure in rats

Jaarin K, Mustafa MR, Leong XF

Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2011;66(12):2125-32.
PMID: 22189740

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine the possible mechanism that is involved in the blood pressure-raising effect of heated vegetable oils.
METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 11 groups; the control group was fed with rat chow, and the other groups were fed with chow that was mixed with 15% weight/weight palm or soy oils, which were either in a fresh form or heated once, twice, five, or ten times. Blood pressures were measured at the baseline and throughout the 24-week study. Plasma nitric oxide levels were assessed prior to treatment and at the end of the study. Following 24 weeks, the rats were sacrificed to investigate their vascular reactivity using the thoracic aorta.
RESULTS: Palm and soy oils had no detrimental effects on blood pressure, and they significantly elevated the nitric oxide contents and reduced the contractile responses to phenylephrine. However, trials using palm and soy oils that were repeatedly heated showed an increase in blood pressure, enhanced phenylephrine-induced contractions, reduced acetylcholine- and sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxations relative to the control and rats that were fed fresh vegetable oils.
CONCLUSIONS: The blood pressure-raising effect of the heated vegetable cooking oils is associated with increased vascular reactivity and a reduction in nitric oxide levels. The chronic consumption of heated vegetable oils leads to disturbances in endogenous vascular regulatory substances, such as nitric oxide. The thermal oxidation of the cooking oils promotes the generation of free radicals and may play an important contributory role in the pathogenesis of hypertension in rats.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Intake of repeatedly heated palm oil causes elevation in blood pressure with impaired vasorelaxation in rats

Leong XF, Najib MN, Das S, Mustafa MR, Jaarin K

Tohoku J Exp Med, 2009 Sep;219(1):71-8.
PMID: 19713687

Oxidization of dietary cooking oil increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension by increasing the formation oxidative oxygen radicals. The aim of study was to investigate the effects of repeatedly heated palm oil on blood pressure, plasma nitrites, and vascular reactivity. Nitrites were measured, as an indirect marker for nitric oxide production. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group fed with basal diet and other three groups fortified with 15% weight/weight fresh palm oil (FPO), palm oil heated five times (5HPO) or palm oil heated ten times (10HPO) for 24 weeks. The oil was heated to 180 degrees C for 10 min. Blood pressure was measured at baseline and at intervals of four weeks for 24 weeks using non-invasive tail-cuff method. Following 24 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and thoracic aortas were dissected for measurement of vascular reactivity. Blood pressure was elevated significantly (p < 0.05) in 5HPO and 10HPO groups, with the 10HPO group showing higher values. Aortic rings from animals fed with heated oil showed diminished relaxation in response to acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside, and greater contraction to phenylephrine. Acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside cause endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation, respectively. Relaxation responses remained unaltered in the FPO group, with the attenuated contractile response to phenylephrine, compared to control group. FPO increased plasma nitrites by 28%, whereas 5HPO and 10HPO reduced them by 25% and 33%, respectively. Intake of repeatedly heated palm oil causes an increase in blood pressure, which may be accounted for by the attenuated endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant response.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Effects of ascorbic acid on impaired vascular reactivity in aortas isolated from age-matched hypertensive and diabetic rats

Ajay M, Mustafa MR

Vascul Pharmacol, 2006 Aug;45(2):127-33.
PMID: 16807125 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2006.05.001

Impaired vascular reactivity is a hallmark of several cardiovascular diseases that include hypertension and diabetes. This study compared the changes in vascular reactivity in age-matched experimental hypertension and diabetes, and, subsequently, tested whether these changes could be affected directly by ascorbic acid (10 microM). Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) modulation of ascorbic acid effects was also investigated. All the experiments were performed in the presence of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (10 microM). Results showed that the endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxations induced by acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively, were blunted to a similar extent in isolated aortic rings from age-matched spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) (R(max): ACh = 72.83+/-1.86%, SNP = 96.6+/-1.90%) and diabetic (Rmax: ACh = 64.09+/-5.14%, SNP = 95.84+/-1.41%) rats compared with aortic rings of normal rats (Rmax: ACh = 89%, SNP = 104.0+/-1.0%). The alpha1-receptor-mediated contractions induced by phenylephrine (PE) were augmented in diabetic (Cmax = 148.8+/-9.0%) rat aortic rings compared to both normal (Cmax = 127+/-6.9%) and SHR (Cmax = 118+/-4.5%) aortic rings. Ascorbic acid pretreatment was without any significant effects on the vascular responses to ACh, SNP and PE in aortic rings from normal rats. Ascorbic acid significantly improved ACh-induced relaxations in SHR (Rmax = 89.09+/-2.82%) aortic rings to a level similar to that observed in normal aortic rings, but this enhancement in ACh-induced relaxations was only partial in diabetic aortic rings. Ascorbic acid lacked any effects on SNP-induced relaxations in both SHR and diabetic aortic rings. Ascorbic acid markedly attenuated contractions induced by PE in aortic rings from both SHR (Cmax = 92.9+/-6.68%) and diabetic (Cmax = 116.9+/-9.4%) rats. Additionally, following inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis with l-NAME, ascorbic acid attenuated PE-induced contractions in all aortic ring types studied. These results suggest that (1) vascular hyper-responsiveness to alpha(1)-receptor agonists in diabetic arteries is independent of endothelial nitric oxide dysfunction; (2) ascorbic acid directly modulates contractile responses of hypertensive and diabetic rat aortas, likely through mechanisms in part independent of preservation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects*
Chronic treatment with flavonoids prevents endothelial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rat aorta

Machha A, Mustafa MR

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 2005 Jul;46(1):36-40.
PMID: 15965352

Flavonoids are known to possess cardioprotective properties. Vascular endothelial function is a surrogate marker for cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. We have studied the effects of chronic flavonoid treatment on vascular endothelial functions in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Starting from 6-7 weeks old, SHR were given flavonoids (baicalein, flavone, or quercetin) orally (10 mg/kg, once daily) to the SHRs for 4 weeks. Aortas from all the flavonoid-treated animals showed remarkably higher endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine, to a similar extent as those pretreated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril. However, in contrast to other experimental groups, flavone pretreatment also enhanced the endothelium-independent relaxations to sodium nitroprusside. In addition, treatment with either flavone or quercetin induced a significant attenuation in systolic blood pressure of the hypertensive animals. The present results suggest that chronic treatment with the flavonoids (baicalein, flavone, and quercetin) preserves vascular endothelial functions in hypertensive animals through several possible actions, including increasing endothelial nitric oxide production and bioavailability and reduction in blood pressure.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Fulltext Effect of renal sympathetic nerve on adrenergically and angiotensin II-induced renal vasoconstriction in normal Wistar-Kyoto rats

Abdulla MH, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Khan AH, Anand Swarup KR, Rathore HA, et al.

Ups. J. Med. Sci., 2011 Mar;116(1):18-25.
PMID: 21047287 DOI: 10.3109/03009734.2010.526723

This study examined the effect of renal sympathetic innervation on adrenergically and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced renal vasoconstriction in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects*
Fulltext Alpha1B-adrenoceptors mediate adrenergically-induced renal vasoconstrictions in rats with renal impairment

Khan MA, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Johns EJ

Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2008 Feb;29(2):193-203.
PMID: 18215348 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00727.x

This study examined whether alpha1B-adrenoceptors are involved in mediating adrenergically-induced renal vasoconstrictor responses in rats with pathophysiological and normal physiological states.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Baicalein impairs vascular tone in normal rat aortas: role of superoxide anions

Machha A, Achike FI, Mohd MA, Mustafa MR

Eur J Pharmacol, 2007 Jun 22;565(1-3):144-50.
PMID: 17442302

Acute exposure to the flavonoid baicalein inhibited endothelium-dependent relaxation in physiological arteries, although the mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated the effect of baicalein on vascular tone in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat isolated aortic rings in the presence and absence of oxidative stress to further determine the underlying mechanisms. Exposure to baicalein (10 microM) completely abolished endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by acetylcholine and attenuated significantly the endothelium-independent relaxation induced by sodium nitroprusside. Baicalein, similar to Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 microM), potentiated significantly the contractile response of aortic rings to alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine. In the presence of L-NAME the baicalein effect on phenylphrine contraction or acetylcholine relaxation was unaltered, suggesting that these effects of baicalein are (like L-NAME effect) endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/endothelium-derived nitric oxide-dependent. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity with indomethacin (10 microM) or scavenging of superoxide anions with superoxide dismutase (150 units/ml), but not scavenging of hydrogen peroxide with catalase (800 units/ml), enhanced significantly by an essentially similar extent the relaxation to acetylcholine in baicalein-pretreated aortic rings. Relaxant effect to acetylcholine was significantly attenuated in control aortic rings, but was completely abolished in baicalein-pretreated aortic rings in the presence of reduced form of beta-nicotinamide adenine di-nucleotide (beta-NADH, 300 microM). Baicalein blocked beta-NADH (300 microM)-induced transient contractions, suggesting that baicalein may have inhibited activity of NADH/NADPH-oxidase. Baicalein did not alter the failure of acetylcholine to induce relaxation in the presence of pyrogallol (300 microM). In summary, acute exposure to baicalein impairs eNOS/endothelium-derived nitric oxide-mediated vascular tone in rat aortas through the inhibition of endothelium-derived nitric oxide bioavailability coupled to reduced bioactivity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide and to cyclooxygenase-mediated release of superoxide anions.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Changes in blood pressure, vascular reactivity and inflammatory biomarkers following consumption of heated corn oil

Das S, Hamsi MA, Kamisah Y, Qodriyah HMS, Othman F, Emran A, et al.

Pak J Pharm Sci, 2017 Sep;30(5):1609-1615.
PMID: 29084680

Consumption of corn oil for cooking purpose is gaining popularity. The present study examined the effect of heated corn oil on blood pressure and its possible mechanism in experimental rats. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and were fed with the following diets, Group I was fed with basal diet only; whereas group II,III,IV and V were fed with basal diet fortified with 15% (w/w) either fresh, once-heated, five-times-heated or ten-times-heated corn oil, respectively for 16 weeks. Body weight, blood pressure were measured at baseline and weekly interval for 16 weeks. Inflammatory biomarkers which included soluble intracellular adhesion molecules (sICAM), soluble vascular adhesion molecules (sVCAM) and C reactive protein (CRP), were measured at baseline and the end of 16 weeks. The rats were sacrificed and thoracic aorta was taken for measurement of vascular reactivity. There was significant increase in the blood pressure in the groups fed with heated once, five-times (5HCO) and ten-times-heated corn oil (10-HCO) compared to the control. The increase in the blood pressure was associated with an increase in CRP, sICAM and sVCAM, reduction in vasodilatation response to acetylcholine and greater vasoconstriction response to phenylephrine. The results suggest that repeatedly heated corn oil causes elevation in blood pressure, vascular inflammation which impairs vascular reactivity thereby predisposing to hypertension. There is a need to educate people not to consume corn oil in a heated state.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects*
Effects of citrus leaf extract on aortic vascular reactivity in hypertensive rats fed repeatedly heated vegetable oil

Siti HN, Kamisah Y, Mohamed S, Jaarin K

Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 2019 04;44(4):373-380.
PMID: 30216735 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0175

The prolonged intake of diet containing repeatedly heated vegetable oil can cause hypertension in the long run.
In this study, the effects of citrus leaf extract (CLE) supplementation on vascular reactivity, plasma nitrite, and aortic structure in hypertensive rats were investigated by the consumption of repeatedly heated vegetable oil [corrected]. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 56) were divided into 7 groups corresponding to the respective diets. For 16 weeks, 1 group was given standard rat chow (control) while other groups were given diets containing 15% w/w of palm oil, fresh palm oil (FPO), palm oil heated 5 times (5HPO), and palm oil heated 10 times (10HPO), with or without the incorporation of 0.15% w/w CLE (FPO+CLE, 5HPO+CLE, or 10HPO+CLE). Plasma nitrite levels were measured before and at 16 weeks of treatment. After 16 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and aortae were harvested for measuring vascular reactivity and for microscopic study. CLE supplementation had significantly reduced the loss of plasma nitrite and attenuated the vasoconstriction response to phenylephrine in the 5HPO group but not in the 10HPO group. However, CLE had no significant effect on the vasorelaxation response to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. The elastic lamellae of tunica media in 5HPO, 10HPO, and 10HPO+CLE groups appeared disorganised and disrupted. Obtained findings suggested that CLE was able to enhance nitric oxide bioavailability that might dampen the vasoconstriction effect of phenylephrine.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects*
Roselle supplementation prevents nicotine-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and remodelling in rats

Si LY, Kamisah Y, Ramalingam A, Lim YC, Budin SB, Zainalabidin S

Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 2017 Jul;42(7):765-772.
PMID: 28249121 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0506

Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) plays an important role in the initiation of cardiovascular diseases. Roselle, enriched with antioxidants, demonstrates high potential in alleviating hypertension. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of roselle supplementation of VED and remodelling in a rodent model with prolonged nicotine administration. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6 per group) were administered with 0.6 mg/kg nicotine for 28 days to induce VED. The rats were given either aqueous roselle (100 mg/kg) or normal saline orally 30 min prior to nicotine injection daily. One additional group of rats served as control. Thoracic aorta was isolated from rats to measure vascular reactivity, vascular remodelling and oxidative stress. Roselle significantly lowered aortic sensitivity to phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction (Endo-(+) Cmax = 234.5 ± 3.9%, Endo-(-) Cmax = 247.6 ± 5.2%) compared with untreated nicotine group (Endo-(+) Cmax = 264.5 ± 6.9%, Endo-(-) Cmax = 276.5 ± 6.8%). Roselle also improved aortic response to endothelium-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine (Endo-(+) Rmax = 73.2 ± 2.1%, Endo-(-) Rmax = 26.2 ± 0.8%) compared to nicotine group (Endo-(+) Rmax = 57.8 ± 1.7%, Endo-(-) Rmax = 20.9 ± 0.8%). In addition, roselle prevented an increase in intimal media thickness and elastic lamellae proliferation to preserve vascular architecture. Moreover, we also observed a significantly lowered degree of oxidative stress in parallel with increased antioxidant enzymes in aortic tissues of the roselle-treated group. This study demonstrated that roselle prevents VED and remodelling, and as such it has high nutraceutical value as supplement to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Fulltext Calcitriol Supplementation Ameliorates Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Vitamin D-Deficient Diabetic Rats by Upregulating the Vascular eNOS Protein Expression and Reducing Oxidative Stress

Wee CL, Mokhtar SS, Singh KKB, Yahaya S, Leung SWS, Rasool AHG

Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021;2021:3109294.
PMID: 33623633 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3109294

Diabetes mellitus contributes to macro- and microvascular complications, leading to adverse cardiovascular events. This study examined the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the vascular function and tissue oxidative status in the microcirculation of diabetic rats and to determine whether these effects can be reversed with calcitriol (active vitamin D metabolite) supplementation. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed for 10 weeks with control diet (DC) or vitamin D-deficient diet without (DD) or with oral calcitriol supplementation (0.15 μg/kg) in the last four weeks (DDS) (10 rats each group). A nondiabetic rat group that received control diet was also included (NR). After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed; mesenteric arterial rings with and without endothelium were studied using wire myograph. Western blotting of the mesenteric arterial tissue was performed to determine the protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme. Antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the mesenteric arterial tissue were also measured. The DC group had significantly lower acetylcholine-induced relaxation and augmented endothelium-dependent contraction, with reduced eNOS expression, compared to NR rats. In mesenteric arteries of DD, acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside-induced endothelium-independent relaxations were lower than those in DC. Calcitriol supplementation in DDS restored endothelium-dependent relaxation. Mesenteric artery endothelium-dependent contraction of DD was greater than DC; it was not affected by calcitriol supplementation. The eNOS protein expression and SOD activity were significantly lower while MDA levels were greater in DD compared to DC; these effects were not observed in DDS that received calcitriol supplementation. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency causes eNOS downregulation and oxidative stress, thereby impairing the vascular function and posing an additional risk for microvascular complications in diabetes. Calcitriol supplementation to diabetics with vitamin D deficiency could potentially be useful in the management of or as an adjunct to diabetes-related cardiovascular complications.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Fulltext Gynura procumbens ethanol extract improves vascular dysfunction by suppressing inflammation in postmenopausal rats fed a high-fat diet

Ahmad Nazri KA, Haji Mohd Saad Q, Mohd Fauzi N, Buang F, Jantan I, Jubri Z

Pharm Biol, 2021 Dec;59(1):1203-1215.
PMID: 34493166 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1970199

CONTEXT: Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. (Asteraceae) has been reported to have various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory effects.
OBJECTIVE: This study sought to determine whether Gynura procumbens (GP) could improve vascular reactivity by suppressing inflammation in postmenopausal rats fed with five-times heated palm oil (5HPO) diet.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham [non-ovariectomized; grouped as control, GP extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg), atorvastatin (ATV, 10 mg/kg)] and postmenopausal (PM) groups [ovariectomized rats fed with 5HPO; grouped as PM, GP extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg) and ATV (10 mg/kg)]. Each group (n = 6) was either supplemented with GP extract or ATV orally once daily for 6 months.
RESULTS: In comparison with the untreated PM group, 250 and 500 mg/kg GP supplementation to PM groups reduced the systolic blood pressure (103 ± 2.7, 86 ± 2.4 vs. 156 ± 7.83 mmHg, p

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Fulltext Hypotensive effect of Gentiana floribunda is mediated through Ca++ antagonism pathway

Khan AU, Mustafa MR, Khan AU, Murugan DD

BMC Complement Altern Med, 2012;12:121.
PMID: 22883710 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-121

Gentiana floribunda was investigated for the possible hypotensive and vasodilator activities in an attempt to rationalize its traditional use in hypertension.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Influence of sympathetic and AT-receptor blockade on angiotensin II and adrenergic agonist-induced renal vasoconstrictions in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Abdulla MH, Sattar MA, Khan MA, Abdullah NA, Johns EJ

Acta Physiol (Oxf), 2009 Mar;195(3):397-404.
PMID: 19183357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2008.01895.x

This study investigated the influence of angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor and adrenergic blockade on the renal vasoconstrictions caused by Ang II and adrenergic agonists in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects*
Effect of acute unilateral renal denervation on renal hemodynamics in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Abdulla MH, Sattar MA, Salman IM, Abdullah NA, Ameer OZ, Khan MA, et al.

Auton Autacoid Pharmacol, 2008 Apr-Jul;28(2-3):87-94.
PMID: 18598290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2008.00421.x

1 This study was undertaken to characterize the renal responses to acute unilateral renal denervation in anaesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by examining the effect of acute unilateral renal denervation on the renal hemodynamic responses to a set of vasoactive agents and renal nerve stimulation. 2 Twenty-four male SHR rats underwent acute unilateral renal denervation and the denervation was confirmed by significant drop (P < 0.05) in renal vasoconstrictor response to renal nerve stimulation along with marked diuresis and natriuresis following denervation. After 7 days treatment with losartan, the overnight fasted rats were anaesthetized (sodium pentobarbitone, 60 mg kg(-1) i.p.) and renal vasoconstrictor experiments were performed. The changes in the renal vasoconstrictor responses were determined in terms of reductions in renal blood flow caused by renal nerve stimulation or intrarenal administration of noradrenaline, phenylephrine, methoxamine and angiotensin II. 3 The data showed that there was significantly (all P < 0.05) increased renal vascular responsiveness to the vasoactive agents in denervated rats compared to those with intact renal nerves. In losartan-treated denervated SHR rats, there were significant (all P < 0.05) reductions in the renal vasoconstrictor responses to neural stimuli and vasoactive agents as compared with that of untreated denervated SHR rats. 4 The data obtained in denervated rats suggested an enhanced sensitivity of the alpha(1)-adrenoceptors to adrenergic agonists and possible increase of AT(1) receptors functionality in the renal vasculature of these rats. These data also suggested a possible interaction between sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin system in terms of a crosstalk relationship between renal AT(1) and alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes.

Matched MeSH terms: Vasoconstriction/drug effects

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