Displaying publications 181 - 200 of 235 in total

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  1. Fulltext Large leaking descemetocele presenting as a traumatic corneal laceration
    Logeswary, K., Jemaima Che-Hamzah, Aida Zairani, M.Z.
    Journal of Surgical Academia, 2017;7(1):59-61.
    MyJurnal
    A 47-year-old healthy Indonesian gentleman, presented with blurring of vision on the left eye associated with pain
    and redness after history of foreign body entering the eye. A general practitioner prescribed him some eye drops;
    however, his symptoms worsened. A corneal laceration wound measuring 0.5 x 3.5mm with a large stromal abscess
    measuring 9.0 x 5.0mm with flat anterior chamber was seen on the left eye. Emergency corneal T&S revealed a large
    descemetocele and cyanoacrylate corneal glue was applied on the area. C&S showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
    Patient was subsequently undergone penetrating keratoplasty as a definitive measure. This case highlights the rapid
    progression of pseudomonas keratitis, presented with a large descemetocele, which can be mistaken as an infected
    corneal laceration wound. Corneal cyanoacrylate glueing together with corneal suturing is a viable temporary method
    for large descemetoceles awaiting definitive surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  2. Fulltext Antibacterial activity of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles using biomolecules from Lignosus rhinocerotis and chitosan
    Katas H, Lim CS, Nor Azlan AYH, Buang F, Mh Busra MF
    Saudi Pharm J, 2019 Feb;27(2):283-292.
    PMID: 30766441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.11.010
    A simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method is needed for synthesizing metal nanoparticles, including gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this study, AuNPs were synthesized with Lignosus rhinocerotis sclerotial extract (LRE) and chitosan (CS) as reducing and stabilizing agents, respectively. Different LRE concentrations from cold and hot water extraction (CWE and HWE, respectively) were used to reduce chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) to form AuNPs. Positively charged chitosan stabilized AuNPs (CS-AuNPs) mediated by LRE exhibited a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 533 nm. The CS-AuNPs synthesized using CWE had a smaller particle size (49.5 ± 6.7-82.4 ± 28.0 nm) compared to that of the HWE samples (80.3 ± 23.4-125.3 ± 41.5 nm), depending on LRE concentration. FTIR results suggested protein and polysaccharides in LRE were the sources of reducing power, reducing gold ions to AuNPs. CS-AuNPs were mostly spherical with higher LRE concentrations, whereas some triangular, pentagonal, irregular, and rod shaped AuNPs were observed at lower LRE concentrations. CS-AuNPs mediated by LRE displayed effective antibacterial activity against gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sp.). Thus, the biosynthesized AuNPs using LRE and chitosan provide opportunities for developing stable and eco-friendly nanoparticles with effective antibacterial properties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  3. Fulltext Clinical and Antibacterial Effects of Tualang Honey on Pseudomonas-induced Keratitis in Rabbit Eyes
    Punitan R, Sulaiman SA, Hasan HB, Shatriah I
    Cureus, 2019 Mar 27;11(3):e4332.
    PMID: 31186997 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4332
    Introduction Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of microbial keratitis that can cause a significant loss of visual acuity. Antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, are clinically effective against Pseudomonas-induced keratitis, but their effectiveness has been conspicuously reduced as resistant pathogens have become more potent. This study sought to evaluate the clinical and antibacterial effects of tualang honey as an alternative therapeutic agent against Pseudomonas-induced keratitis. Methods We conducted a randomized control trial in which 30 rabbits were injected intrastromally with 1,000 colony-forming units (CFU) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the right eye of each rabbit (n = 30). The rabbits were then randomized into three groups of 10 rabbits each. Group A was treated with topical gentamicin 0.3%, group B was treated with topical tualang honey 30%, and group C received both treatments. The specified treatments were administered every two hours from 24 to 48 hours post injection, and subsequently every four hours for six days. Clinical examinations were performed on days one, two, three, five, and seven, and the mean results of slit lamp examinations (SLEs) were documented. On day seven after pseudomonas induction, the rabbits were euthanized and their corneas were harvested to determine the median CFU per cornea. Results There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in mean SLE scores (p = 0.209) or median CFU values (p = 0.820) between the three groups. Conclusion Topical gentamicin, topical tualang honey, and the combination of the two all showed similar clinical and antimicrobial effects in treating Pseudomonas-induced keratitis in rabbits. These findings should be verified in further studies with larger sample sizes and the addition of a control group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  4. Fulltext Gut Bacteria of Water Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator) Are a Potential Source of Antibacterial Compound(s)
    Akbar N, Siddiqui R, Sagathevan K, Iqbal M, Khan NA
    Antibiotics (Basel), 2019 Sep 24;8(4).
    PMID: 31554316 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040164
    For the past few decades, there has been limited progress in the development of novel antibacterials. Previously, we postulated that the gut microbiota of animals residing in polluted environments are a forthcoming supply of antibacterials. Among various species, the water monitor lizard is an interesting species that feeds on organic waste and the carcass of wild animals. Gut microbiota of the water monitor lizard were sequestered, identified and cultivated in RPMI-1640 to produce conditioned medium (CM). Next, the antimicrobial properties of CM were evaluated versus a selection of Gram-negative (Escherichia coli K1, Serratia marcescens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and Gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus pyogenes, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus). CM were partially characterized by heat inactivation at 95°C for 10 min and tested against P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes. CM were also tested against immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells lines. The results demonstrated that gut microbiota isolated from water monitor lizard produced molecules with remarkable bactericidal activities. To determine the identity of the active molecules, CM were subjected to Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Several molecules were identified belonging to the classes of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, polyhydroxy alkaloids, polyacetylenes, bisphenols, amides, oxylipin and pyrazine derivatives with known broad-spectrum antimicrobial, anti-tumour, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic attributes. Furthermore, the detailed analysis of these molecules could lead us to develop effective therapeutic antibacterials.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  5. Fulltext Transcriptomic Response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa towards Treatment with a Kaempferol Isolated from Melastoma malabathricum Linn Leaves
    Alwash MS, Aqma WS, Ahmad WY, Ibrahim N
    Int J Microbiol, 2020;2020:6915483.
    PMID: 32089696 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6915483
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections and is frequently associated with opportunistic infections among hospitalized patients. Kaempferol-3-O-(2',6'-di-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D glucopyranoside (KF) is an antipseudomonal compound isolated from the leaves of the native medicinal plant Melastoma malabathricum. Herein, an RNA-seq transcriptomic approach was employed to study the effect of KF treatment on P. aeruginosa and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the response to KF at two time points (6 h and 24 h incubation). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed for four genes (uvrD, sodM, fumC1, and rpsL) to assess the reliability of the RNA-seq results. The RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis revealed that KF increases the expression of genes involved in the electron transport chain (NADH-I), resulting in the induction of ATP synthesis. Furthermore, KF also increased the expression of genes associated with ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagella, type III secretion system proteins, and DNA replication and repair, which may further influence nutrient uptake, motility, and growth. The results also revealed that KF decreased the expression of a broad range of virulence factors associated with LPS biosynthesis, iron homeostasis, cytotoxic pigment pyocyanin production, and motility and adhesion that are representative of an acute P. aeruginosa infection profile. In addition, P. aeruginosa pathways for amino acid synthesis and membrane lipid composition were modified to adapt to KF treatment. Overall, the present research provides a detailed view of P. aeruginosa adaptation and behaviour in response to KF and highlights the possible therapeutic approach of using plants to combat P. aeruginosa infections.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  6. In vitro antimicrobial activity of narasin and monensin in combination with adjuvants against pathogens associated with canine otitis externa
    Chan WY, Hickey EE, Khazandi M, Page SW, Trott DJ, Hill PB
    Vet Dermatol, 2020 Apr;31(2):138-145.
    PMID: 31710159 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12803
    BACKGROUND: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance represents a serious human and animal health risk. Good antimicrobial stewardship is essential to prolong the lifespan of existing antibiotics, and new strategies are required to combat infections in man and animals.

    HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To determine the in vitro interaction of ionophores (narasin or monensin) with antimicrobial adjuvants (N-acetylcysteine (NAC), Tris-EDTA or disodium EDTA) against bacterial strains representing pathogens associated with canine otitis externa (OE).

    ANIMAL/ISOLATES: American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains Staphylococcus aureus 29213, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853 and P. aeruginosa biofilm producer PAO1, and a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis from a case of canine OE were tested.

    METHODS AND MATERIALS: A 2D microdilution checkerboard method was used, allowing calculation of fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI), dose reduction index (DRI) and plotting of isobolograms.

    RESULTS: The combination of narasin with either Tris-EDTA or disodium EDTA produced additive effects (FICI = 0.75) against P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and P. aeruginosa biofilm producer ATCC PAO1. An additive effect (FICI = 0.53-0.75) was found against S. aureus ATCC 29213 when narasin or monensin were combined with NAC. The highest DRI (32-fold) was found with monensin/NAC where the MIC of monensin was reduced from 4 to 0.125 μg/mL.

    CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The combination of narasin with Tris-EDTA or disodium EDTA is a promising strategy to inhibit the intrinsic resistance elements of Gram-negative bacteria. These novel combinations potentially could be useful as a multimodal approach to treat mixed infections in canine OE.

    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  7. Titanium dioxide nanotubes incorporated gellan gum bio-nanocomposite film for wound healing: Effect of TiO2 nanotubes concentration
    Razali MH, Ismail NA, Mat Amin KA
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Jun 15;153:1117-1135.
    PMID: 31751725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.242
    The synthesized titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2-NTs) were emerged as wound healing enhancer as well as exhibited significant wound healing activity on Sprague Dawley rats. In our present study, the blends of GG and TiO2-NTs bio-nanocomposite film was characterised by fourier transform infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM). The morphology of TiO2-NTs was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties study shows that the GG + TiO2-NTs (20 w/w %) bio-nanocomposite film possessed the highest tensile strength and young modulus which are (4.56 ± 0.15) MPa and (68 ± 1.63) MPa, respectively. GG + TiO2-NTs (20 w/w %) also displays the highest antibacterial activity with (16 ± 0.06) mm, (16 ± 0.06) mm, (14 ± 0.06) mm, and (12 ± 0.25) mm inhibition zone were recorded against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The prepared bio-nanocomposite films have good biocompatibility against 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells and caused accelerated healing of open excision type wounds on Sprague Dawley rat model. The synergistic effects of bio-nanocomposite film like good swelling and WVTR properties, excellent hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility, wound appearance and wound closure rate through in vivo test makes it a suitable candidate for wound healing applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  8. Fulltext Antibacterial activities of green silver nanoparticles-Strobilanthes crispus (AgNP-SC) against clinically important bacteria
    Rohazila Mohamad Hanafiah, Siti Nor Asma Musa, Siti Aisyah Abd Ghafar
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(108):40-40.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Silver nanoparticles has been proven to be an effective agent for antimicrobial efficacy against bacte-ria, viruses and other eukaryotic microorganisms. Green synthesis is one of the methods that has been developed to synthesize silver nanoparticles in environmentally-friendly conditions. It uses plant extracts as reducing and capping agents. Besides act as reducing and capping agents, bioactives such as phenolic compounds may bind to silver nanoparticles and enhance its medicinal properties. Strobilanthes crispus is a Malaysian native plant. Previous stud-ies had shown that S. crispus contains polyphenols, catechins, alkaloids, caffeine, tannins and vitamins. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles-Strobilanthes crispus (AgNP-SC) against clinically important pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus mutans. Methods: The disc diffusion assay (DDA) was performed to investigate the inhibition zone of AgNps-Sc towards E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. mutans. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was used to determine bactericidal/bacteriostatic profile of AgNP- SC against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. mu-tans. Results: AgNP-SC (40mg/mL) shows the greatest inhibition properties (12.67±0.6mm) against S. mutans when compared to Strobilanthes crispus leaves extract (6.0±0.001mm) and blank silver nanoparticles (6.0±0.001mm). MIC values for AgNP-SC against S. mutans and E. coli were at 0.625 mg/mL and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. Whereas the MIC value of AgNP- SC against P. aeruginosa was at 2.5 mg/mL. MBC values of AgNP-SC against E. coli, P. aerugino-sa and S. mutans were at 1.25, 2.5 mg/mL respectively. Results are concentration-dependent, with higher concentra-tion demonstrating better inhibition property. Conclusion: It can be concluded that AgNP-SC possesses bactericidal properties against S. mutans, E. coli and P. aeruginosa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  9. Fulltext Elucidation of Antimicrobial Activity of Non-Covalently Dispersed Carbon Nanotubes
    Saleemi MA, Fouladi MH, Yong PVC, Wong EH
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Apr 03;13(7):6-6.
    PMID: 32260216 MyJurnal DOI: 10.3390/ma13071676
    Microorganisms have begun to develop resistance because of inappropriate and extensive use of antibiotics in the hospital setting. Therefore, it seems to be necessary to find a way to tackle these pathogens by developing new and effective antimicrobial agents. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted growing attention because of their remarkable mechanical strength, electrical properties, and chemical and thermal stability for their potential applications in the field of biomedical as therapeutic and diagnostic nanotools. However, the impact of carbon nanotubes on microbial growth has not been fully investigated. The primary purpose of this research study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity of CNTs, particularly double-walled and multi-walled nanotubes on representative pathogenic strains such as Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and fungal strain Candida albicans. The dispersion ability of CNT types (double-walled and multi-walled) treated with a surfactant such as sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate (SDBS) and their impact on the microbial growth inhibition were also examined. A stock concentration 0.2 mg/mL of both double-walled and multi-walled CNTs was prepared homogenized by dispersing in surfactant solution by using probe sonication. UV-vis absorbance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the characterization of CNTs dispersed in the surfactant solution to study the interaction between molecules of surfactant and CNTs. Later, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate how CNTs interact with the microbial cells. The antimicrobial activity was determined by analyzing optical density growth curves and viable cell count. This study revealed that microbial growth inhibited by non-covalently dispersed CNTs was both depend on the concentration and treatment time. In conclusion, the binding of surfactant molecules to the surface of CNTs increases its ability to disperse in aqueous solution. Non-covalent method of CNTs dispersion preserved their structure and increased microbial growth inhibition as a result. Multi-walled CNTs exhibited higher antimicrobial activity compared to double-walled CNTs against selected pathogens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  10. Fulltext Heterometrus Spinifer: An Untapped Source of Anti-Tumor Molecules
    Soopramanien M, Khan NA, Ghimire A, Sagathevan K, Siddiqui R
    Biology (Basel), 2020 Jul 02;9(7).
    PMID: 32630812 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070150
    Despite intensive research, cancer incidence and mortality continue to rise. Consequently, the necessity to develop effective anti-cancer therapy is apparent. We have recently shown that the gut bacteria of animals living in polluted environments, such as crocodiles, are a potential source of novel anti-tumor molecules. To extend this work to other resilient species, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of gut bacteria of Heterometrus spinifer (a scorpion). Bacteria from the feces and gut were isolated, identified and evaluated for their anti-tumor effects. Bacterial-conditioned media was prepared in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 media, and cytotoxicity and growth inhibitory properties were examined against cervical (HeLa) cancer cells. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was conducted to establish the identity of the molecules. Eighteen bacteria species from the gut (HSG01-18) and ten bacteria species from feces (HSF01-10) were tested for anti-tumor effects. Bacterial-conditioned media from scorpion gut and feces exhibited significant growth inhibitory effects against HeLa cells of 66.9% and 83.8%, respectively. Microscopic analysis of cancer cells treated with conditioned media HSG12 and HSG16 revealed apoptosis-like effects. HSG12 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and HSG16 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. Both conditioned media exhibited 100% growth inhibitory effects versus a selection of cancer cells, comprising cervical, breast and prostate cancer cells. LC-MS indicated the presence of 72 and 38 compounds, detected from HSG12 and HSG16, respectively. Out of these compounds, 47 were successfully identified while the remainder were unidentified and are possibly novel. This study suggests that the fecal and gut microbiota of scorpions might possess molecules with anti-cancer properties, however, further intensive research is needed to assess these expectations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  11. Fulltext Structure Characterization and Biological Activity of 2-Arylbenzofurans from an Indonesian Plant, Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers
    Noviany N, Samadi A, Yuliyan N, Hadi S, Aziz M, Purwitasari N, et al.
    Phytochem Lett, 2020 Feb;35:211-215.
    PMID: 32863985 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytol.2019.12.008
    A new 2-arylbenzofuran, sesbagrandiflorain C (1), together with four known compounds, 2-(3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzofuran-3-carbaldehyde (2), 2-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethoxybenzofuran-3-carboxaldehyde (3), sesbagrandiflorain A (4) and sesbagrandiflorain B (5), have been isolated from the stem bark of an Indonesian plant, Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. The chemical structure of compound 1 was elucidated by UV, IR, MS, and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The proton and carbon NMR resonances of 1 were also compared with the predicted chemical shifts obtained from DFT quantum mechanical calculations with Gaussian. None of the compounds showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus in an agar diffusion assay. However, sesbagrandiflorains A (4) and B (5) exhibited moderate activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. In addition, compounds 1 - 5 have moderate cytotoxicity against HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  12. Fulltext A case report: Community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa necrotizing fasciitis in a morbidly obese diabetic young man can be fatal
    Mazlan MZ, Zainal Abidin H, Wan Hassan WMN, Nik Mohamad NA, Salmuna ZN, Ibrahim K, et al.
    IDCases, 2020;22:e01001.
    PMID: 33204633 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e01001
    We present a case study of a 26-year-old morbidly obese man with a three-day history of right leg pain and swelling. The swelling was associated with low grade fever. He was alert and conscious upon presentation to the hospital. His physical examination showed gross swelling of the entire right lower limb with no systemic manifestations. There was no discharge and bullae from the swelling area of the leg. He had high blood sugar and was newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. He was diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis. An intravenous imipenem-cilastatin 500 mg every 6 h together with clindamycin 900 mg every 8 h was started empirically. Extensive wound debridement was performed. The swab culture obtained intraoperatively grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. He required an above knee amputation due to worsening infection despite wound debridement. Post-operatively, he developed acute kidney injury with severe metabolic acidosis, which required daily hemodialysis. However, the patient deteriorated due to septic shock with multi-organ failure, resulting in his death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  13. Fulltext Characterization of encapsulated ginger essential oils and its antimicrobial properties
    Tengku Shafazila Tengku Saharuddin, Lailatun Nazirah Ozair, Ayuni Shahira Zulkifli, Nursarah Syazwani Hairul Shah, Nur Syafiqah Sahidan
    Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2020;8(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Ginger essential oils (GEO) are natural products with antibacteria properties consisting of many different volatile
    compounds have high potential to be used in many applications. In this study, the ginger GEO was successfully
    encapsulated in chitosan as a carrier agent using a spray drying technique. The extraction of Zingiber officinale
    (ginger) essential oil is performed by steam distillation method. The GEO was encapsulated in chitosan as a carrier
    agents at 1:3, GEO:chitosan ratio by using spray drying technique. GEO together with encapsulated GEO were
    further assayed for antimicrobial activity by disc-diffusion method. For characterization of encapsulated GEO,
    Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were
    used. FTIR analysis revealed that there was no existence of a new functional group in the encapsulated GEO
    showing that there is only physical interaction between GEO and chitosan. Besides, FESEM analysis showed the
    encapsulated GEO were in micro in sizes and possessed spherical shape with smooth and porous surface.
    Furthermore, Both GEO and encapsulated GEO showed in vitro antimicrobial activity against Escheriachia coli,
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi with encapsulated GEO possessed higher in
    the activities for all studied bacteria compared to GEO. The encapsulated GEO demonstrated a superior performance
    against Salmonella typhi with the inhibition zone of 22.5 mm compared to GEO only 13.5 mm. The results obtained
    indicated that due to the volatility and instability of the GEO when exposed to environmental factors, its encapsulation considerably improve and enhanced its performance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  14. Fulltext Transcriptome Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Following the Exposure to Malaysian Stingless Bee Honey
    Seder N, Abu Bakar MH, Abu Rayyan WS
    Adv Appl Bioinform Chem, 2021;14:1-11.
    PMID: 33488102 DOI: 10.2147/AABC.S292143
    Introduction: Malaysian stingless bee honey (Trigona) has been aroused as a potential antimicrobial compound with antibiofilm activity. The capability of the gram-negative bacillus P. aeruginosa to sustain a fatal infection is encoded in the bacterium genome.

    Methods: In the current study, a transcriptome investigation was performed to explore the mechanism underlying the biofilm dispersal of P. aeruginosa after the exposure to Trigona honey.

    Results: Microarray analysis of the Pseudomonas biofilm treated by 20% Trigona honey has revealed a down-regulation of 3478 genes among the 6085 screened genes. Specifically, around 13.5% of the down-regulated genes were biofilm-associated genes. The mapping of the biofilm-associated pathways has shown an ultimate decrease in the expression levels of the D-GMP signaling pathway and diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) genes responsible for c-di-GMP formation.

    Conclusion: We predominantly report the lowering of c-di-GMP through the down-regulation of DGC genes as the main mechanism of biofilm inhibition by Trigona honey.

    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  15. Fulltext Acute Wound Healing Potential of Marine Worm, Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878 Aqueous Extract on Sprague Dawley Rats
    Che Soh N', Rapi HS, Mohd Azam NS, Santhanam RK, Assaw S, Haron MN, et al.
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2020;2020:6688084.
    PMID: 33488747 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6688084
    Diopatra claparedii which is colloquially known as Ruat Sarung can be found along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The species has a unique ability to regenerate anterior and posterior segments upon self-amputation or injury, thus having potential as a wound healing promoter. In this study, the wound healing potential of D. claparedii aqueous extract on acute wound model in rats was revealed for the first time. Various concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0% w/w) of D. claparedii ointment were formulated and tested on Sprague Dawley rats through topical application on full-thickness skin wounds for 14 days. The wound healing effects were investigated via behaviour observation, wound contraction, and histopathological analysis. Quality assessment was performed via skin irritation test, microbial contamination test (MCT), and heavy metal detection. The study also included test for antibacterial activities and detection of bioactive compounds in D. claparedii. One percent of D. claparedii ointment showed rapid wound healing potential with good soothing effects and more collagen deposition in comparison to the commercial wound healing ointments such as acriflavine (0.1% w/v) and traditional ointment gamat (sea cucumber extract) (15.0% w/v). No local skin irritation, microbial contamination, and insignificant concentration of heavy metals were observed, which indicate its safe application. Moreover, the aqueous extract of D. claparedii exhibited antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value at 0.4 g/ml. 1H NMR analysis of the aqueous extract of D. claparedii revealed some metabolites that might be responsible for its wound healing properties such as amino acids, halogenated aromatics, organic acids, vitamins, and others. Altogether, these results suggested that the aqueous extract of D. claparedii could be utilised as an alternative natural wound healing promoter.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  16. Fulltext The microbiological quality of water from dental unit waterlines in Malaysian Armed Forces dental centres
    Ma, Mei Siang, Zalini Yunus, Ahmad Razi Mohammad Yunus, Zukri Ahmad, Haryanti Toosa
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2012;7(1):1-7.
    MyJurnal
    Abstract Water quality in the dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) is important to the patients and dental health care personnel as they are at risk of being infected with opportunistic pathogens such as Pseudomonas or Legionella species. In this study, a total of 86 samples were collected from DUWLs of 19 dental units in 11 Malaysian Armed Forces dental centres (MAFDC). 350 ml water sample was collected in sterile thiosulphite bags from the outlets of 3–way syringe, high speed handpiece, scaler, cup filler, independent water reservoir or the tap of the same surgery respectively. Samples were transported to the laboratory within 24 hours and kept in the refrigerator at 40C. 100ml of each sample was filtered through a 0.45 μm polycarbonate membrane filter. The filter was then inoculated onto plate count agar and incubated at 370 C for 24 hours, after which the formed colonies were enumerated. Another separate 100ml of water sample was poured onto buffered charcoal yeast extract agar and cetrimide agar to culture Legionnella and Pseudomonas respectively. Identification of these bacteria were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in 9.5% of the samples but Legionnella was not detected in any of the samples. 77% of the samples met American Dental Association (ADA) recommendation of less than 200 cfu/ml. The result of this study showed that it is difficult if not impossible to eliminate biofilm from the DUWLs. Regular monitor of water quality from DUWL is required to maximise the health of the dental patients and dental health care personnel.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  17. Fulltext Pseudomonas aeruginosa: epidemiology of bactereremia and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur
    Nadeem, S.R., Rina, K., Hamimah, H., Savithri, D.P.
    JUMMEC, 2006;9(1):14-19.
    MyJurnal
    A cross-sectional study of 109 patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia from the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) in the years 2000 and 2001 was conducted to describe epidemiological features, underlying diseases, possible source of infection, early mortality among patients as well as the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of patients' isolates. Further analysis of the 87 patient records that were available revealed that the mean age was 48.5 years (SD ± 25.1). Fifty-two per cent of cases were male and 48% female. Seventy-nine per cent of infections were nosocomially acquired, 33% of bacteremias were polymicrobial, 47% of patients had a continuous bladder drainage catheter (CBD) in situ, 33% had a central venous catheter (CVL) present at the time of bacteremia and 30% were ventilated. Sixty-eight per cent of patients had an underlying immunosuppressed state and 26% had undergone surgery involving general anesthesia in the week prior to isolating P. aeruginosa. Among the 23 patients with early mortality, 61% were on inappropriate antimicrobials. Most of the patients' isolates were sensitive to imipenem (86%), ciprofloxacin (81%), ceftazidime (79%), gentamicin (78%) and cefoperazone (77%). Among the community acquired strains, however, there was 100% sensitivity to imipenem, ceftazidime, cefoperazone and ciprofloxacin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  18. Fulltext Screening antimicrobial activity of tropical edible medicinal plant extracts against five standard microorganisms for natural food preservative
    Rukayadi, Y., Lau, K.Y., Zainin, N.S., Zakaria, M., Abas, F.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(5):2905-2910.
    MyJurnal
    Edible medicinal plants are often used in the treatment of various ailments and spice in traditional food preparation. In this study, 45 of tropical edible medicinal plants extracts from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand were screened for their antimicrobial activity against five standard microorganisms for food preservative namely Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The methanol extracts of Piper nigrum L. seed, Piper cubeba L. seed, and the root of Ligusticum acutilobum Siebold and Zucc. showed antimicrobial activity against five species of standard microorganisms. Among them, P. cubeba L. extract demonstrated the most susceptible against all tested microorganisms. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal or fungicidal concentration (MBC or MFC) were performed by the broth microdilution techniques as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. MIC values of P. cubeba L. extract to A. niger, C. albicans, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were 12.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4, and 1.6 mg/ml, respectively. P. cubeba extract killed A. niger, C. albicans, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with MBC values of 25.6, 3.2, 6.4, 12.8, and 3.2 mg/ml, respectively. The potent antimicrobial activity of P. cubeba L. extract may support its use for natural food preservative.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  19. Fulltext Role of ampicillin-sulbactam: a district hospital’s experience in treating diabetic foot ulcers
    Ng, C. S., Vadivelu, M., Chan, K. Y.
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2009;3(2):28-30.
    MyJurnal
    Abstract: Ampicillin-sulbactam combination is the most frequently prescribed antibiotic in diabetic foot ulcers. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated to this antibiotic. In 33 patients with diabetic foot ulcer (September 2008-March 2009), 67% were culture positive in which Citrobacter spp accounted for 36% of these isolates. The rest isolated included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22%), Proteus spp (18%), Acinetobacter spp (9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5%), Escherichia coli (5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (5%). These isolates were more likely to be ampicillin-resistant (n=18) than were ampicillin-sensitive isolates (n=4). Ampicillin resistance has raised our concern about current practice of prescribing ampicillin/ sulbactam as monotherapy for majority of our patients with such ulcers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  20. Fulltext Synthesis and Bioactivity of a Cyclopolypeptide from Caribbean Marine Sponge
    Dahiya R, Rampersad S, Ramnanansingh TG, Kaur K, Kaur R, Mourya R, et al.
    Iran J Pharm Res, 2020;19(3):156-170.
    PMID: 33680019 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.15405.13075
    Synthesis of a natural proline-rich cyclopolypeptide - rolloamide A was carried out by coupling of tri- and tetrapeptide units Boc-Phe-Pro-Val-OMe and Boc-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ile-OMe after proper deprotection at carboxyl and amino terminals using carbodiimide chemistry in alkaline environment followed by cyclization of linear heptapeptide segment in the presence of base. The structure of synthesized peptide was confirmed by spectral techniques including FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS analyses. Newly synthesized peptide was subjected to biological screening against pathogenic microbes and earthworms. Cyclopeptide 8 possessed promising activity against pathogenic fungi Candida albicans (ZOI: 24 mm, MIC: 6 μg/mL) and Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ZOI: 27 mm, MIC: 6 μg/mL) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ZOI: 23 mm, MIC: 12.5 μg/mL), in comparison to reference drugs - griseofulvin (ZOI: 20 mm, MIC: 6 μg/mL) and ciprofloxacin (ZOI: 25 mm, MIC: 6 μg/mL/ZOI: 20 mm, MIC: 12.5 μg/mL). Also, newly synthesized heptacyclopeptide exhibited potent anthelmintic activity against earthworms Megascoplex konkanensis,Pontoscotex corethruses, and Eudrilus species (MPT/MDT ratio - 8.22-16.02/10.06-17.59 min), in comparison to standard drugs - mebendazole (MPT/MDT ratio - 10.52-18.02/12.57-19.49 min) and piperazine citrate (MPT/MDT ratio - 12.38-19.17/13.44-22.17 min).
    Matched MeSH terms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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