Displaying publications 201 - 220 of 680 in total

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  1. Czuppon AB, Chen Z, Rennert S, Engelke T, Meyer HE, Heber M, et al.
    J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1993 Nov;92(5):690-7.
    PMID: 8227860
    BACKGROUND: Allergy to latex-containing articles is becoming more and more important because it can result in unexpected life-threatening anaphylactic reactions in sensitized individuals.

    METHODS: A protein of 58 kd with an isoelectric point of 8.45 was purified from raw latex and from latex gloves and identified as the major allergen, completely blocking specific IgE antibodies in the serum of latex-sensitized subjects. The allergen is a noncovalent homotetramer molecule, in which the 14.6 kd monomer was identified, by amino acid composition and sequence homologies of tryptic peptides, to be the rubber elongation factor found in natural latex of the Malaysian rubber tree.

    RESULTS: Competitive immunoinhibition tests showed that the starch powder covering the finished gloves is the airborne carrier of the allergen, resulting in bronchial asthma on inhalation. The purified allergen can induce allergic reactions in the nanogram range.

    CONCLUSION: The identification of the allergen (Hev b I) may help to eliminate it during the production of latex-based articles in the future.

  2. Nur Bazlaah B, Khairuzi S, Nabiha F, Mohd Nadzri M, Nur Bazilah B, Hirdayu AB, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):223-228.
    PMID: 33742632
    BACKGROUND: A surgical audit study among Batu Pahat population was conducted in determining the commonest position of appendix in post appendectomy.

    METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study. A total of 204 cases of patients underwent an appendectomy admitted to the surgical ward from January 2017 until January 2018 at Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI) were audited retrospectively.

    RESULTS: This findings showed different figures of ascendancy in gender among patients who underwent an appendectomy with females 58.8% and males 41.2%. The perforation rate was 40.7% and delay in diagnosis was found to be 19.1%. The perforated appendix had a significantly higher incidence in males with a correlation of p-value 0.04. Retrocaecal appendix (RA) remained the commonest position for patients who underwent an appendectomy with 26.9%. RA is associated with an increased incidence of perforation (p-value 0.01).

    CONCLUSION: The position of appendix in our patients who underwent an appendectomy is parallel to the reports available globally in that it is retrocaecal followed by retroileal as the commonest position among residence of Batu Pahat.

  3. Siti NM, Wan Nazirah WAB, Rosni I, Mohamed AN, Salbiah N
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 05;75(3):266-273.
    PMID: 32467543
    INTRODUCTION: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is often considered as a culture contaminants but it can potentially be pathogenic to patients with risk factors. A combination of species identification and clinical criteria has been suggested in determining true CoNS bacteraemia.

    OBJECTIVES: To identify the species distribution, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and clinical profiles of CoNS isolated from blood cultures among paediatric patients in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL).

    METHODS: This study involved CoNS isolation from blood cultures of paediatric in-patients of the Paediatric Institute HKL. Isolates were identified to species level using Analytical Profile Index Staph identification strips and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern following Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method. The clinical profiles of patients were obtained from their medical records.

    RESULTS: Eleven CoNS species were identified from 148 isolates. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequent species isolated (67.6%). The majority of the isolates showed resistance to penicillin (85.8%); while 70.3% were methicillin-resistant (MR) CoNS, which demonstrated a significant association with true infection (p=0.021). Predictors for significant CoNS infection included thrombocytopaenia, presence of predisposing factors, nosocomial infection, blood collected from peripheral vein, and CoNS isolated from two consecutive blood cultures. The most common predisposing factors for the isolation of CoNS were the presence of peripheral (54.1%) and central venous catheters (35.1%).

    CONCLUSION: CoNS can cause significant bloodstream infections. The isolation of CoNS from blood cultures should be carefully interpreted by considering the predictive factors. Local data regarding predictive factors of patients with culture-positive CoNS, species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern are useful to determine the significance of blood culture results and care management of patients.

  4. Karmila AB, Yap YC, Appadurai M, Oh L, Fazarina M, Abd Ghani F, et al.
    Fetal Pediatr Pathol, 2021 Apr;40(2):113-120.
    PMID: 31707902 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2019.1686788
    Introduction: Denys-Drash Syndrome (DDS) consists of a triad of pseudohermaphroditism, Wilms'tumor and nephropathy. This condition may manifest as a complete triad or in an incomplete form; with either one or a combination of the above features. The characteristic glomerular abnormality in DDS is diffuse mesangial sclerosis (DMS).Case report: We report two cases of DDS with focal membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). Both of our cases were males with ambiguous genitalia. They had a similar heterozygous germline mutation in exon 9 of WT1, c.1180C>T, p.R394W; a known mutation hotspot for DDS. Case 1 had nephropathy at the age of 4 years and Case 2 at 2.5 years with different rates of progression to end-stage renal failure. Conclusion: Our findings, in combination with other reports, illustrate the clinicopathological heterogeneity of DDS. There are no universal recommendations for optimal management of patients with DDS due to the inability to accurately predict affected individuals' progress.
  5. Kamal A, Salman B, Razak NHA, Samsudin ABR
    Eur J Dent, 2020 Oct;14(4):613-620.
    PMID: 32777838 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714765
    OBJECTIVE:  A dry socket is a well-recognized complication of wound healing following tooth extraction. Its etiology is poorly understood and commonly occur among healthy patients. As such, management strategies for dry socket has always been empirical rather than scientific with varying outcome. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of concentrated growth factor (CGF) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and compared them to the conventional treatment in the management of dry socket.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Sixty patients with one dry socket each, at University Dental Hospital Sharjah, were divided into three treatment groups based on their choice. In group I (n = 30), conventional treatment comprising of gentle socket curettage and saline irrigation was done. Group II (n = 15) dry sockets were treated with CGF and group III (n = 15) sockets were lased with LLLT. All dry socket patients were seen at day 0 for treatment and subsequently followed-up at 4, 7, 14, and 21 days. Pain score, perisocket inflammation, perisocket tenderness, and amount of granulation tissue formation were noted.

    STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:  Data were analyzed as mean values for each treatment group. Comparisons were made for statistical analysis within the group and among the three groups to rank the efficacy of treatment using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistically significant difference is kept at p < 0.05.

    RESULTS:  Conventional treatment group I took more than 7 days to match the healing phase of group II CGF treated socket and group III LLLT irradiated socket (p = 0.001). When healing rate between CGF and LLLT are compared, LLLT group III showed a delay of 4 days compared with CGF in granulation tissue formation and pain control.

    CONCLUSION:  CGF treated socket was superior to LLLT in its ability to generate 75% granulation tissue and eliminate pain symptom by day 7 (p = 0.001).

  6. Okuyama E, Homma M, Satoh Y, Fujimoto H, Ishibashi M, Yamazaki M, et al.
    Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 1999 Oct;47(10):1473-6.
    PMID: 10553643
    From the extract of a Malaysian herbal medicine, Lemuni Hitam (Diospyros sp.), which exhibited monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition, three new naphthoquinone and/or naphthalene dimers (lemuninols A-C, 1-3) were isolated together with 4,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyl-naphthalene (8) and six known monomers (4-7, 9 and 10). The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR techniques. Among them, lemuninol A showed 45% inhibition of MAO (mouse liver) at 5.0 x 10(-6) g/ml, and lemuninols B and C and a naphthoquinone (9) indicated weak activity. Some related quinones were also tested for their MAO inhibitory activities.
  7. Myint S, Daud WR, Mohamad AB, Kadhum AA
    J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl, 1996 Apr 26;679(1-2):193-5.
    PMID: 8998560
    An ethanolic extract of cloves was analyzed by gas chromatography directly to identify eugenol and other major phenolic compounds without previous separation of other components. Separation was performed on a fused-silica capillary column of 30 m x 0.53 mm I.D., 0.53 microns film thickness. The detector was a flame ionization detector. Helium gas at a flow-rate of 3 ml/min was used as a carrier gas. The analysis were performed with linear temperature programming. Nine components were detected and special attention was given to the major phenolic compound, eugenol.
  8. Affandi MM, Tripathy M, Majeed AB
    J Adv Pharm Technol Res, 2016 Jul-Sep;7(3):80-6.
    PMID: 27429926 DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.184589
    Categorized as a Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II drugs, atorvastatin (ATV) exhibits low aqueous solubility and bioavailability thus presenting an obstacle and great challenge to formulation researchers. Numerous studies are available in regard to the solubility enhancement of ATV, but very few actually describe this phenomenon in terms of thermodynamics and the solute-solvent interaction. Arginine (ARG) is an amino acid that has been reported to enhance the solubility of the highly insoluble wheat protein gluten through hydrogen bonding and π electron-cation interaction. To our knowledge, ARG has never been investigated as a solubility enhancement agent of aqueous insoluble drugs. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the solute-solvent and solute-cosolute interactions and derive thermodynamic parameters that bolstered the solubility of ATV in the presence of ARG. We examined the electrolytic conductance and densities of ATV-ARG binary system covering the temperature ranging from 298.15 K to 313.15 K. Conductometric and volumetric parameters such as limiting molar conductance, association constants, limiting partial molar volumes, and expansibility values were calculated. Additionally, thermodynamic parameters (ΔG(0), ΔH(0), ΔS(0), and Es) involved in the association process of the solute in the aqueous solution of ARG were also determined.
  9. Mirzapour T, Tengku Ibrahim TAB, Movahedin M, Nowroozi MR
    Andrologia, 2017 Sep;49(7).
    PMID: 27682317 DOI: 10.1111/and.12700
    Destruction of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) along the chemotherapy and radiotherapy is one of the side effects of cancer treatments that lead to infertility. In vitro propagation of hSSCs is necessary to obtain an adequate number of cells for successful transplantation. In this study, hSSCs were isolated from testis biopsies of the patients with maturation arrest and proliferated in DMEM in the presence of LIF and bFGF for 5 weeks. The various types of human spermatogonia were identified in culture system and compared with testis tissue using morphological criteria at the ultrastructural level. The results showed that although many various types of spermatogonia were identified, but no remarkable difference was observed between spermatogonial cells in culture system and testis tissue. Electron and light microscopic studies of hSSC colonies did not show differentiated SSCs in the culture system. The results also showed that probably the suitable time for transplanting of SSCs in recipient testis is 2-3 weeks after culture. Because apoptosis which may affect the development of germ cells has not started in colony cells at this time and the population of apoptotic cells are low.
  10. Lum SG, Noor Liza I, Priatharisiny V, Saraiza AB, Goh BS
    Malays Fam Physician, 2016;11(1):2-6.
    PMID: 28461841 MyJurnal
    BACKGROUND: Conditions causing stridor in paediatric patients can range from minor illnesses to life-threatening disorders. Proper evaluation and correct diagnosis are essential for timely intervention. The objective of this study was to determine the aetiological profiles and the management of paediatric patients with stridor referred to the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Hospital Serdang.

    METHODS: Medical records of all paediatric patients presenting with symptom of stridor from January 2010 to February 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients' demographic data, clinical notes, laryngoscope findings, diagnosis and management were retrieved and analysed.

    RESULTS: Out of the total 137 patients referred for noisy breathing, 121 patients had stridor and were included in this study. There were 73 males and 48 females-most were of Malay ethnicity (77.7%). The age of presentation ranged from newborn to 10 years, with a mean of 4.9 months. Eighteen patients (14.9%) had associated congenital pathologies. The majority were congenital causes (90.9%), in which laryngomalacia was the commonest (78.5%), followed by subglottic stenosis (5.0%), vallecular cyst (2.5%) and congenital vocal fold paralysis (2.5%). Twelve patients (9.9%) had synchronous airway lesion. The majority of the patients were managed conservatively. Thirty-one patients (25.6%) required surgical intervention, of which only one needed tracheostomy.

    CONCLUSION: Laryngomalacia was the commonest cause of stridor among paediatric patients. A synchronous airway lesion should be considered if the child has persistent or severe symptoms. The majority of the patients were managed conservatively.

  11. Tikaram A, Chew YK, Zulkiflee AB, Chong AW, Prepageran N
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in Malaysian children between three months to twelve years of age and to identify the risk factors associated with it.
    Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study consists of 153 children selected by stratified random sampling method. Parents of these children were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Clinical examination, including otoscopic examination and tympanometry was performed for each child.
    Results: The prevalence of OME was 18.3%. There was no statistical significant relationship between OME and gender, race, household size, attendance to daycare center, breast feeding, and exposure to passive smoking, allergy, and asthma.
    Conclusion: The prevalence of OME is 18.3% in Malaysian children between three months to twelve years of age. Frequency of AOM is a statistically significant factor to the development of OME later in life. The different risk factors associated with OME are still controversial.
  12. Knudsen AB, Lewis DJ, Tesh RB, Rudnick A, Jeffery J, Singh I
    J Med Entomol, 1979 Mar 23;15(3):286-91.
    PMID: 220422
  13. Sharif Hossain ABM, Uddin MM, Fawzi M, Veettil VN
    Data Brief, 2018 Apr;17:1245-1252.
    PMID: 29845096 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.02.053
    The nano-cellulose derived nano-biofilm keeps a magnificent role in medical, biomedical, bioengineering and pharmaceutical industries. Plant biomaterial is naturally organic and biodegradable. This study has been highlighted as one of the strategy introducing biomass based nano-bioplastic (nanobiofilm) to solve dependency on petroleum and environment pollution because of non-degradable plastic. The data study was carried out to investigate the nano-biopolymer (nanocellulose) based nano-biofilm data from corn leaf biomass coming after bioprocess technology without chemicals. Corn leaf biomass was used to produce biodegradable nano-bioplastic for medical and biomedical and other industrial uses. Data on water absorption, odor, pH, cellulose content, shape and firmness, color coating and tensile strength test have been exhibited under standardization of ASTM (American standard for testing and materials). Moreover, the chemical elements of nanobiofilm like K+, CO3--, Cl-, Na+ showed standard data using the EN (166).
  14. Sharif Hossain ABM, Uddin MM, Veettil VN, Fawzi M
    Data Brief, 2018 Apr;17:162-168.
    PMID: 29877503 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.12.046
    The nanocellulose derived biodegradable plant biomaterial as nano-coating can be used in the medical, biomedical cosmetics, and bioengineering products. Bio-plastic and some synthetic derived materials are edible and naturally biodegradable. The study was conducted to investigate edible nano-biopolymer based nano-coating of capsules and drugs or other definite biomedical materials from corn leaf biomass. Corn leaf biomass was used as an innovative sample to produce edible nano-coating bioplastic for drug and capsule coating and other industrial uses. The data show the negligible water 0.01% absorbed by bio-plastic nanocoating. Odor represented by burning test was under the completely standard based on ASTM. Moreover, data on color coating, tensile strength, pH, cellulose content have been shown under standard value of ASTM (American standard for testing and materials) standard. In addition to that data on the chemical element test like K+,


    CO


    3


    -
    -


    , Cl-, Na+ exhibited positive data compared to the synthetic plastic in the laboratory using the EN (166)) standardization. Therefore, it can be concluded that both organic (cellulose and starch) based edible nano-coating bioplastic may be used for drug and capsule coating as biomedical and medical components in the pharmaceutical industries.
  15. Makar AB, McMartin KE, Palese M, Tephly TR
    Biochem Med, 1975 Jun;13(2):117-26.
    PMID: 1
  16. Jamalludin Z, Jong WL, Malik RA, Rosenfeld AB, Ung NM
    Phys Med, 2020 Jan;69:52-60.
    PMID: 31830631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.11.025
    PURPOSE: Dose to the rectum during brachytherapy treatment may differ from an approved treatment plan which can be quantified with in vivo dosimetry (IVD). This study compares the planned with in vivo doses measured with MOSkin and PTW 9112 rectal probe in patients undergoing CT based HDR cervical brachytherapy with Co-60 source.

    METHODS: Dose measurement of a standard pear-shaped plan carried out in phantom to verify the MOSkin dose measurement accuracy. With MOSkin attached to the third diode, RP3 of the PTW 9112, both detectors were inserted into patients' rectum. The RP3 and MOSkin measured doses in 18 sessions as well as the maximum measured doses from PTW 9112, RPmax in 48 sessions were compared to the planned doses.

    RESULTS: Percentage dose differences ΔD (%) in phantom study for two MOSkin found to be 2.22 ± 0.07% and 2.5 ± 0.07%. IVD of 18 sessions resulted in ΔD(%) of -16.3% to 14.9% with MOSkin and ΔD(%) of -35.7% to -2.1% with RP3. In 48 sessions, RPmax recorded ΔD(%) of -37.1% to 11.0%. MOSkin_measured doses were higher in 44.4% (8/18) sessions, while RP3_measured were lower than planned doses in all sessions. RPmax_measured were lower in 87.5% of applications (42/47).

    CONCLUSIONS: The delivered doses proven to deviate from planned doses due to unavoidable shift between imaging and treatment as measured with MOSkin and PTW 9112 detectors. The integration of MOSkin on commercial PTW 9112 surface found to be feasible for rectal dose IVD during cervical HDR ICBT.

  17. Zolkiflee NF, Affandi MMRMM, Majeed ABA
    Eur J Pharm Sci, 2020 Jan 01;141:105111.
    PMID: 31629916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105111
    Lovastatin (LVS) is an effective therapeutic and prophylactic agent in several cardiovascular disorders. However, it has low bioavailability. This study investigated solute-solvent and solute-cosolute interactions and assessed thermodynamic parameters that contributed to LVS solubility enhancement in the presence of arginine (ARG) as a hydrotropic agent. The electrolytic conductance of LVS-ARG binary system was measured at temperatures from 298.15 K to 313.15 K. Conductometric parameters such as limiting molar conductance was evaluated. Additionally, thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0, ΔH0, ΔS0 and ES) involved in the association process of the solute in the aqueous solution of ARG solution were determined systematically. Solubility markedly improved 43-fold in the LVS-ARG complex compared to LVS alone. The analysed data from values of molar conductance and activation energy suggested favourable solubilisation, with a stronger solute-solvent interaction between LVS-ARG in water at higher temperatures. ARG and LVS complexation caused by strong molecular interactions was confirmed by spectral results. Hence, the addition of ARG as a co-solute was proven to enhance LVS solubility in water. The obtained data will ultimately enable the development of desired highly soluble, more efficient and safer LVS preparations.
  18. Jamalludin Z, Jong WL, Ho GF, Rosenfeld AB, Ung NM
    Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2019 Dec;42(4):1099-1107.
    PMID: 31650362 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-019-00809-7
    The MOSkin, a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor based detector, is suitable for evaluating skin dose due to its water equivalent depth (WED) of 0.07 mm. This study evaluates doses received by target area and unavoidable normal skin during a the case of skin brachytherapy. The MOSkin was evaluated for its feasibility as detector of choice for in vivo dosimetry during skin brachytherapy. A high-dose rate Cobalt-60 brachytherapy source was administered to the tumour located at the medial aspect of the right arm, complicated with huge lymphedema thus limiting the arm motion. The source was positioned in the middle of patients' right arm with supine, hands down position. A 5 mm lead and 5 mm bolus were sandwiched between the medial aspect of the arm and lateral chest to reduce skin dose to the chest. Two calibrated MOSkin detectors were placed on the target and normal skin area for five treatment sessions for in vivo dose monitoring. The mean dose to the target area ranged between 19.9 and 21.1 Gy and was higher in comparison with the calculated dose due to contribution of backscattered dose from lead. The mean measured dose at normal skin chest area was 1.6 Gy (1.3-1.9 Gy), less than 2 Gy per fraction. Total dose in EQD2 received by chest skin was much lower than the recommended skin tolerance. The MOSkin detector presents a reliable real-time dose measurement. This study has confirmed the applicability of the MOSkin detector in monitoring skin dose during brachytherapy treatment due to its small sensitive volume and WED 0.07 mm.
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